全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直的临床效果。方法对11例强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直患者（22髋）进行全髋关节置换术,术后行踝关节及足趾屈伸等功能锻练。结果术后髋关节活动度明显改善,屈曲畸形基本矫正。11例均获随访,时间2-6年。未出现关节脱位和假体松动。Harris评分由术前9-58（36±9.8）分提高到末次随访时64-94（81.2±10.6）分,优13髋,良6髋,中3髋。结论全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直能显著改善髋关节功能,矫正髋关节畸形,近期疗效满意。     

全髋置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直行全髋关节置换术的方法及疗效。方法回顾分析采用经外侧入路全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直19例（28髋）。结果所有患者均进行了随访,随访时间14～52个月,平均36个月。根据Harris评分系统对功能进行评价。术前Harris评分15～52分,平均26.8分;术后65～92分,平均84.6分,前后比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术后无并发感染,无血管、神经损伤。术后发生髋关节疼痛1例,再强直1例,异位骨化2例,随访无髋关节脱位,未发现无菌性松动。结论经外侧入路全髋置换是强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直患者重建髋关节、恢复关节功能、提高生活质量的理想方法。     

全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直27例分析

[目的]探讨人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎合并髋关节强直的临床疗效。[方法]选取2002年6月～2007年6月收治的行人工全髋关节置换术的强直性脊柱炎合并髋关节强直患者27例(38个髋关节),对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。[结果]经平均2年4个月随访,患者髋关节术前活动度为0°,术后总的活动度平均为147.4°,其中平均屈髋92.6°;髋关节屈曲畸形程度,术前平均31.0°,术后平均5.2°;Harris评分,术前平均16.6分,术后平均93.3分。术后患者髋痛消失,步态基本恢复正常,无严重并发症发生。[结论]人工全髋关节置换术可明显增加髋关节活动度,矫正髋关节畸形,改善髋关节功能,提高患者的生活质量,是治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节受累强直的有效方法。     

全髋置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直

2000年3月～2009年3月,我科对17例(23髋)强直性脊柱炎致髋关节病变患者予以人工全髋关节置换治疗,近期效果良好,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组17例,男12例,女5例,年龄20～51岁。血清HLA-B27     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节屈曲强直的临床疗效

目的 总结对强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)髋关节屈曲强直患者行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthoplasty,THA)的手术方法 、疗效及并发症. 方法 1992年5月-2004年7月,对56例71髋AS患者采用改良前外侧切口行THA治疗.男52例67髋,女4例4髋;年龄17～48岁,平均35.5岁.左侧32髋,右侧39髋.均有髋关节屈曲强直,角度为(43.1±7.2)°,其中15例为双侧强直.术前Harris评分为(42.6±5_3)分.根据美国风湿病学会标准分级髋关节病变均为Ⅳ级.病程3～11年. 结果 本组1例术中因严重骨质疏松出现股骨近端骨折,予钛丝捆绑同定,6周后骨折愈合.患者均获随访,随访时间3～15年,平均5.3年.1例1髋于术后第8天出现皮下组织感染,1例1髋于术后第11天出现伤口破溃,2例2髋分别于术后11个月及术后3年出现感染,对症治疗后均痊愈.其余患者术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无关节感染.术后X线片检查示,单纯髋臼假体松动4髋(5.6%),单纯股骨假体松动3髋(4.2%),髋臼及股骨假体均松动5髋(7.0%),总松动率为16.8%;其中8髋行翻修术,疗效满意;其余患者未作处理.15髋(21.1%)术后1年出现异位骨化,非甾体消炎药治疗后症状缓解.末次随访Harris评分为(82.7±4.1)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中优10髋,良43髋,可14髋,差4髋,优良率为74.7%. 结论 前外侧入路THA可有效治疗AS患者髋关节屈曲强直.     

全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直

目的探讨全髋关节置换术(THA)治疗强直性脊柱炎(AS)的效果。方法对16例(20髋)AS患者行THA治疗。采用Harris评分对术前及术后髋关节功能进行评价。结果 16例均获随访,时间3～8年,至末次随访时,患者髋关节屈伸、内外旋、收展总活动度由术前的0°～95°提高到89°～215°。根据Harris评分:术前为7～63(30±3.5)分,术后为63～94(85±2.8)分,优13例,良5例,差2例。结论采用THA治疗AS可有效恢复关节功能,明显缓解髋关节疼痛,临床效果较好。     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直的临床研究

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎(AS)髋关节骨性强直行全髋关节置换术(THA)的特点,寻找提高手术疗效,减少并发症的方法。方法对本组18例AS患者29个骨性强直的髋关节行THA手术,术前髋关节强直在屈曲0～65°(平均23.6°),术后平均随访4.2年,Harris评分进行术后临床疗效评定,X线检查观察假体有无松动、脱位及异位骨化。结果所有患者治疗经过顺利,无关节松动、脱位、骨折、感染等严重并发症发生,髋关节的屈曲和内收畸形得到纠正。平均髋关节屈伸活动度81°,屈伸、内收外展、内外旋总活动度142°,Harris评分平均81.6分,X线照片见假体位置良好,未见松动和下沉。2例2髋长期行走时轻度疼痛,异位骨化2例:BrookerⅠ级1例,BrookerⅡ级1例。结论THA是AS髋关节骨性强直重建关节功能的有效方法,个体化手术方案的设计包括手术入路的选择、假体位置的正确安放、术中软组织松解与平衡、髋臼周围骨赘的清除等是影响手术疗效的关键。     

全髋关节置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直

目的：探讨全髋关节置换术在治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直的临床疗效及安全性。方法：自2008年1月至2012年1月,采用全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节骨性强直12例（24髋）,其中男11例,女1例,年龄27~62岁,病程5~32年。统计患者术前及术后髋关节活动度及Harris功能评分,术中及术后并发症。结果：所有患者获得随访,时间60~96个月,平均72.6个月,所有患者术后Harris评分较术前提高,髋关节活动度提高;优3例,良6例,中3例。异位骨化1例,为BrookerⅠ级,无临床症状未处理。1例术前严重屈曲畸形患者术后出现股神经牵拉损伤,随访1年后恢复。末次随访均未出现假体下沉及臼杯松动,无关节脱位、急性感染及下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。结论：全髋关节置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期髋关节骨性强直的有效方法。     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

目的 探讨全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节骨性强直的疗效及术后康复锻炼的意义.方法 1998年10月至2007年5月,对28例(46髋)强直性脊柱炎致髋关节骨性强直患者施行全髋关节置换术,男27例,女1例;年龄22～58岁,平均38.9岁;病程5～35年,平均17年2个月;髋关节屈曲强直7例(14髋),伸直强直21例(32髋).采用髋关节后外侧切口34髋,改良前外侧与外侧联合切口12髋;其中应用全生物型假体40髋,混合型假体6髋.术后24 h即开始进行系统性康复锻炼.对手术前、后患者Harris评分、VAS评分、髋关节总活动度及患者整体功能改善情况进行比较.结果 所有患者均获得随访,随访时间10～64个月,平均38.2个月,随访期间未发生坐骨神经或股神经麻痹、皮肤压疮、肺部感染、关节松动等并发症.1例患者术后2周出现髋关节脱位,经闭合复位治愈.8髋出现异位骨化,其中Brooker Ⅰ级6髋,Ⅱ级2髋.7例髋关节屈曲强直患者,屈曲角度由术前34.3°±16.3°改善为术后4.2°±3.3±.Harris评分由术前平均(28.3±10.3)分提高至术后平均(82.7±7.6)分.VAS评分:术前(3.5±1.4)分,术后(3.8±1.8)分.髋关节总活动度由术前平均15.6°±9.3°改善至术后133.7°±17.6°.术前28例患者生活均不能自理;术后1年,除3例患者行走时仍需借用单拐、生活需他人帮助外,其余25例患者生活均可自理,并可从事家务或轻体力劳动.结论 全髋关节置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎晚期严重髋关节病变的一种有效方法,早期系统康复锻炼有助于关节功能的恢复.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

Bilateral synchronous total hip arthroplasty for ankylosed hips

Purpose  

We investigated the effect of bilateral total hip replacement (THR) for patients with ankylosed hip joints caused by late ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to discuss its related pre- and postoperative problems.     

Conversion of ankylosed hips to total hip arthroplasty

Between 1970 and 1979, 17 patients underwent conversion of ankylosed hip to total hip arthroplasty. The patients' ages ranged from 38 to 82 years and the duration of fusion prior to conversion ranged from five to 60 years. The primary indication for conversion to total hip replacement in all patients was disabling pain in the low back, the ipsilateral knee, and the contralateral hip. The reason for ankylosis varied: five patients had previously undergone fusion for posttraumatic arthritis, two patients for tuberculous arthritis, six patients for osteoarthritis, one for a previous old slipped capital femoral epiphysis which had undergone spontaneous fusion after internal fixation, and two patients for ankylosing spondylitis. Relief of preoperative pain in the lower back was seen in 12 of 13 patients, knee pain was relieved in four out of four patients, and contralateral hip pain was relieved in seven out of 10 patients. Complications included heterotopic ossification, infection, perforation of the posterior shaft of the femur, and failure of trochanteric fixation with subsequent dislocation. Predictable pain relief from pain in the contralateral hip was less predictable and directly related to the degree of osteoarthritis in the contralateral hip. In these patients it is suggested that conversion of the fused hip to total hip arthroplasty be staged with total hip replacement in the contralateral hip as well. The end results were least satisfactory in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.     

Total hip arthroplasty for bilaterally ankylosed hips

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of bilateral total hip arthroplasties (THAs) with special regard to angle of cup position in patients with bilaterally ankylosed hips. Twenty-four ankylosed hips were converted to THAs in 12 patients. Their mean age was 36 years and they were followed up for more than 3 years (average, 11 years). The mean Harris hip score increased from 55.4 to 82.3 points. Osteolysis and loosening were found in 3 and 2 hips, respectively. Eleven cups of 24 hips (46%) were outside the safe ranges of Lewinnek. Overall outcome after bilateral conversion of bilaterally ankylosed hips to THA was favorable, but the fused position of the contralateral limb had the tendency to define the direction of the malposition of the acetabular cup.     

Total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of osseous ankylosed hips

The long-term results of total hip prostheses in 86 patients (87 hips) who had either primary cemented or cementless total hip arthroplasty after fusion take-down were analyzed. Thirty-eight patients (38 hips) had a surgical fusion and 48 patients (49 hips) had a spontaneous fusion. The mean age of patients was slightly older in the cemented group (49.8 years) than in the cementless group (43.8 years). Twenty-six of 42 patients (62%) in the cemented group and 32 of 44 patients (73%) in the cementless group were younger than 50 years. Clinical (Harris hip rating system) and radiographic evaluations were done preoperatively and at 6 weeks, at 3, 6, and 12 months, and yearly thereafter. The average followup was 10.2 years (range, 8-18 years) in the cemented group and 9.8 years (range, 8-17 years) in the cementless group. The revision rates were 16% in the patients who had surgical fusion and 18% in the patients who had spontaneous fusion. The revision rates were 17% in the cemented group and 18% in the cementless group. The average linear wear rate of polyethylene per year was 0.24 mm in the cemented group and 0.32 mm in the cementless group. The incidence of osteolysis was 52% in the cemented group and was 58% in the cementless group.     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗56例强直性脊柱炎的临床研究

[目的]探讨人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎的疗效。[方法]对56例（98髋）强直性脊柱炎患者行人工全髋关节置换术，其中42例（76髋）进行了平均5．6（2．5～10．5）a的随访。[结果]至末次随访时，Harris评分由术前的平均26．8（4～51）分提高到了术后的平均85．2（55～94）分，优良率为89．5％。1例感染行Ⅱ期翻修；2例在扩髓时出现股骨颈或股骨距裂缝骨折，但未到达小粗隆以下，未予特殊处置；1例出现足下垂，术后3个月后恢复，1例深静脉血栓，余病例无假体松动、断裂以及脱位发生。异位骨化发生率9．2％（7髋），但对功能无明显影响。[结论]人工全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎可以明显缓解髋关节疼痛，恢复关节功能，与其它病因的全髋关节置换术相比，并无较高的危险因素。     

全髋置换治疗强直性脊柱炎髋关节高度屈曲强直畸形

[目的]探讨强直性脊柱炎髋关节高度屈曲强直畸形患者行全髋关节置换术的方法和疗效.[方法]21例(29髋)强直性脊柱炎髋关节高度屈曲强直畸形患者行全髋关节置换术, 男20例(28髋),女1例(1髋);年龄21～49岁,平均32.4岁;病程3～32年,平均15.6年;屈曲强直畸形30°～95°,平均58.6°;单侧13例, 双侧8例;15例(23髋)合并髋关节骨性强直.采用髋关节Watson-Jones外侧切口,生物型假体17例(22髋),骨水泥型假体4例(7髋).采用Harris评分对术前及术后髋关节功能进行评价.[结果]21例患者术后平均随访4.5年,髋关节功能均明显改善,Harris评分由术前平均21.7分提高到术后平均83.2分.髋关节屈曲畸形矫正,29个髋关节总活动度(屈伸、内收、外展、内旋、外旋等6个方向活动总和)由术前平均7°增加为术后平均196°.术后髋痛消失, 膝痛、腰骶痛明显改善,步态恢复正常, 生活能自理.[结论]全髋关节置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎合并髋关节高度屈曲强直畸形一种有效的方法.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节骨性强直的初步报告

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎（ankylosing spondylitis,AS）致髋关节骨性强直的疗效。方法1998年3月至2006年6月,应用全髋关节置换术治疗AS致髋关节骨性强直患者12例16髋,男8例11髋,女4例5髋;年龄28～46岁,平均32岁。髋关节活动度均为0°,屈髋畸形10°～30°,AS发病至髋关节出现严重畸形的时间为5～9年,平均6．3年。对术前、术后的髋关节Harris评分和VAS疼痛评分进行评估,并记录髋关节活动度《结暴患者均获得随访,随访时间12—48个月,平均26个月。髋关节Harris评分由术前的15～34分,平均（23．2土3．1）分,增至术后的57—91分,平均（75．4±5．3）分,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．0137）。所有患者髋关节疼痛完全缓解,VAS疼痛评分由术前的6—9分,平均（7．3±1．1）分,改善至术后的0～3分,平均（1．14-0．7）分,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．0085）。术后髋关节活动度为前屈80°～105°,平均85．5°;后伸5°-15°,平均9．5°,畸形消失。结论全髋关节置换术是治疗AS致髋关节骨性强直的有效方法。     

Total hip arthroplasty in ankylosing spondylitis: an analysis of 181 hips

The results of cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis were studied to determine the utility of THA for these patients. A total of 103 patients with ankylosing spondylitis underwent 181 THAs; 72 patients (69.9%) had bilateral surgery. The mean follow-up was 10.3 years. The mean age of patients at surgery was 47 years. Before surgery, 42 hips (23.2%) were ankylosed. Revision surgery was carried out in 25 hips (13.8%). Heterotopic ossification was present in 21 hips (11.6%); however, no patients had functional impairment or reankylosis. At final follow-up examination, 173 hips (96%) had an excellent (low) pain score, and 53 hips had a normal or near-normal function score (29.2%). The probability of survival of the implant was 71% at 27 years. THA provides long-term improvement in hip function for patients with ankylosing spondylitis.     

Total hip arthroplasty in fused hips with spine stiffness in ankylosing spondylitis

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by involvement of the spine and hip joints with progressive stiffness and loss of function. Functional impairment is significant, with spine and hip involvement, and is predominantly seen in the younger age group. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for fused hips with stiff spines in AS results in considerable improvement of mobility and function. Spine stiffness associated with AS needs evaluation before THA. Preoperative assessment with lateral spine radiographs shows loss of lumbar lordosis. Spinopelvic mobility is reduced with change in sacral slope from sitting to standing less than 10 degrees conforming to the stiff pattern. Care should be taken to reduce acetabular component anteversion at THA in these fused hips, as the posterior pelvic tilt would increase the risk of posterior impingement and anterior dislocation. Fused hips require femoral neck osteotomy, true acetabular floor identification and restoration of the hip center with horizontal and vertical offset to achieve a good functional outcome. Cementless and cemented fixation have shown comparable long-term results with the choice dependent on bone stock at THA. Risks at THA in AS include intraoperative fractures, dislocation, heterotopic ossification, among others. There is significant improvement of functional scores and quality of life following THA in these deserving young individuals with fused hips and spine stiffness.     

非骨水泥型全髋关节假体治疗强直性脊柱炎

目的:评价非骨水泥型全髋假体治疗强直性脊柱炎中期疗效。方法:对29例(33髋)选用非骨水泥型全髋假体行全髋置换术的强直性脊柱炎患者进行随访,年龄34～57岁,平均42.4岁,术后随访2.2～5.6年(平均为4.3年)。对手术前后关节疼痛、活动度、畸形矫正、松动及患者整体功能的改善情况进行对比研究,临床随访根据Har-ris系统进行评分比较。结果:本组失访5例,术后除6侧髋关节轻度疼痛,2侧髋关节明显疼痛外,其余关节均无疼痛。关节活动度由术前平均46.5°改善为术后75.2°。髋关节屈曲畸形由术前平均32.6°改善为7.5°。术前Harris评分18～65分,平均44分;术后68～92分,平均86分。术后所有患者生活均可自理或部分自理。术中及术后并发症包括:股骨上端微型劈裂骨折5例,坐骨神经损伤1例,术后2个月脱位1例,股骨假体下沉4例,异位骨化4例。结论:使用非骨水泥型假体行全髋置换术是治疗强直性脊柱炎的一种可靠而有效的方法。