心脏再同步化起搏对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者血流动力学的影响(附1例分析)

目的观察心脏再同步化起搏(CRT)对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者血流动力学的影响。方法应用心脏再同步化起搏治疗,电极植入采用左锁骨下静脉穿刺,左心室电极植入冠状窦后外侧分支,右心室电极植入右心室心尖部,右心房电极植入右心耳,观察其血流动力学变化。结果患者成功植入CRT起搏器,无并发症,左心室电极植入冠状窦后外侧分支,各项测试参数满意。随访期间,心功能分级,左心室射血分数均明显改善,左心室收缩末容积明显缩小,QRS波时限由180 ms缩短至130 ms,心室起搏比例超过95%。结论 CRT起搏确能使慢性充血性心力衰竭患者血流动力学明显改善。     

组织多普勒成像技术评价心脏再同步化治疗的价值分析

目的:分析组织多普勒成像技术(TDI)对心脏再同步化(CRT)的治疗价值。方法:对拟行CRT治疗的慢性心力衰竭28例患者,根据左室电极位置治疗效果进行评价。结果:术后6 min步行距离、LVEF、LVEDd指标参数与术前相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后6个月两组间各指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:组织多普勒成像技术可有效评价心脏再同步化治疗效果。     

慢性心力衰竭患者再同步化治疗前后左心室功能变化研究

目的研究心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)前后慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者左心室功能变化情况。方法选择该院2016年3月至2018年3月收治的慢性心力衰竭患者98例,均符合心脏再同步化治疗治疗标准,且成功完成CRT植入,并在术后实施为期12个月(截止至2019年3月)的随访调查。观察术前3 d、术后6个月及治疗12个月左室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左右心室射血前时间差(IVMD)、室间隔与左室后壁时间延迟(SPWMD)、N端前脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、超敏肌钙蛋白T (hs-TnT)、心功能分级及6 min步行试验(6MWT)。结果 98例慢性心力衰竭患者再同步化术后LVEF、LVEDD、IVMD及SPWMD指标改善均优于术前(P 0.05);98例慢性心力衰竭患者再同步化术后NT-proBNT、hs-CRP及hs-TnT指标改善均优于术前(P 0.05);98例慢性心力衰竭患者再同步化术后心功能分级、6 min步行距离改善均优于术前(P 0.05)。结论 CRT治疗后慢性心力衰竭患者心功能改善明显,且左心室功能均优于治疗前。     

难治性充血性心力衰竭的心脏再同步化治疗临床应用与中远期疗效体会

目的：观察双心室同步起搏治疗难治性充血性心力衰竭患者的治疗效果,探讨多部位起搏治疗心力衰竭的临床经验。方法：对16例难治性充血性心力衰竭（既12例原发病为扩张性心肌病及4倒原发病为缺血性心肌病的难治性心力衰竭）患者行双室再同步起搏治疗,观察术中、术后6个月、12个月,18个月、24个月左室电极的起搏参数,以及术前、术后7天、术后6个月、12个月、18个月、24个月的QRs波时限、左室射血分数、左室舒张末内径、二尖瓣反流量、心胸比例、临床症状变化。结果：随访两年。患者右心房、右心室电极、左室电极的起搏阈值、阻抗及感知各参数值稳定,起搏功能良好;与术前相比,术后6个月心功能及其他指标明显改善,且随着时间的延长改善持续。结论：心室再同步化起搏是治疗顽固性心衰伴室间传导异常的有效新方法,可改善难治性充血性心力衰竭患者的血流动力学,心功能指标和心衰症状;左室电极植入成功率高,性能稳定、安全可靠。     

右心室间隔部起搏临床研究

目的 评价主动固定螺旋电极在右室流出道间隔部起搏应用中的可行性和安全性.方法 选择42例有心脏起搏适应证的患者采用主动固定电极行植入VVI起搏器,右室流出道室间隔部(RVS)起搏24例为实验组,右室心尖部(RVA)起搏18例为对照组.术后1周复查心电图,术后3个月复查心电图和心脏超声,观察各个起搏参数及其动态变化.结果 实验组QRS间期 (0.11±0.02)s与术前(0.10±0.01)s相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);对照组QRS间期(0.15±0.03)s与术前(0.10±0.02)s相比有显著性差异(P<0.05).实验组术后3个月LVEF、E/A比值(0.61±0.06,1.4±0.3)较术前(0.63±0.07,1.5±0.2)差异无显著性(均P>0.05);对照组(0.62±0.05,1.30±0.25)较术前(0.66±0.10,1.45±0.30)差异有显著性(均P<0.05).结论 RVS起搏极大地改善了起搏患者的血流动力学和左室功能.     

CRT和药物治疗对扩张型心肌病患者心功能影响的临床对比研究

目的探讨心脏再同步化起搏治疗(Cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT)与药物治疗对扩张型心肌病(Dilat edcardio myopathy,DCM)伴慢性心力衰竭患者心功能影响的差异。方法选取1998年2月至2014年1月我院收治的DCM伴有慢性心力衰竭患者20例,作为观察组,在抗心衰药物治疗基础上,心衰仍不能纠正,且符合CRT治疗指征行CRT起搏治疗;对照组20例,为同期住院的DCM伴有心力衰竭患者,使用常规抗心衰药物治疗,包括ARB、ACEI类改善心肌重构、利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、洋地黄等治疗。对比两组患者治疗后(术后)6月、治疗后(术后)12月心脏超声参数:左房内径(LAD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)及血脑钠肽(BNP)含量,以评价治疗后心功能的差异。结果观察组较对照组比较,治疗后(术后)6月LAD变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);LVEDD、LVESD较对照组明显缩小,LVEF则明显提高,BNP显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后(术后)12月两组比较LAD、LVEDD、LVESD无明显差异,BNP未见明显降低,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 CRT起搏治疗可改善DCM伴有慢性心力衰竭患者心功能,但长期CRT起搏治疗并不优于药物治疗,药物治疗仍是DCM伴有慢性心力衰竭患者治疗的基础。     

心脏再同步化治疗慢性心力衰竭疗效分析

目的:观察心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)在慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者中的疗效。方法:回顾性分析因慢性心力衰竭住院并接受心脏再同步化治疗的56例患者,观察治疗前及治疗6个月后的临床症状及左心功能变化。结果:同CRT治疗前相比,术后6个月患者左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期容量指数(LVEDVI)、左室收缩末期容量指数(LVESVI)、左室质量指数(LVMI)较治疗前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后心功能分级(NYHA)和6分钟步行距离试验(6MHW)明显较治疗前提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:心脏再同步化治疗改善慢性心力衰竭症状,同时逆转心脏重构,改善左心功能,有较好的临床疗效。     

右室双部位起搏对心功能影响的远期疗效观察

目的观察充血性心力衰竭患者右室双部位起搏治疗对心功能的影响。方法应用右室双部位起搏治疗有左室舒张末容积(LVEDD)≥55mm,有反复心功能不全病史的慢性充血性心力衰竭患者。右室双部位起搏分别植入右室流出道电极、右室心尖部电极、右房电极,术中测试各项参数,术后观察12个月心脏功能。结果患者临床症状明显改善,12个月后左室射血分数(LVEF)、LVEDD、心胸比率改善较术前有显著差异。结论慢性充血性心力衰竭患者采用右室双部位起搏治疗效果明显,改善心脏功能显著。     

心脏再同步化治疗心力衰竭的临床效果

目的:观察心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)对充血性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响.方法:对6例有CRT适应证的充血性心力衰竭患者置入三腔起搏器,通过起搏参数优化使心脏房室收缩趋向正常顺序及室间收缩同步化.结果:6例患者均成功置入了三腔起搏器,左室电极靶血管,5例位于左后侧静脉,1例右束支传导阻滞患者因为置入左后侧静脉膈肌跳动而改为心大静脉.术后3个月,患者的胸闷气促症状明显改善,生活能够自理,心功能可达到NYHAⅡ级;QRS宽度均较术前缩短;左室射血分数较术前提高,左室舒张末期内径减小;程控仪测试参数显示,与置入三腔起搏器前相比较夜间心率有所降低,活动度增加.结论:CRT通过改善心脏收缩的同步性,提高左室射血分数,从而改善心功能,提高生活质量和运动能力.     

心脏再同步化治疗对轻中度慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响分析

目的观察心脏再同步化治疗对轻中度心力衰竭患者心功能的影响。方法选择10例行心脏再同步化治疗的伴有QRS波时限延长和明显左室收缩功能下降的轻中度心力衰竭患者,于术前、术后3个月及6个月测定6 min步行距离(MHW)、QRS波时限、胸片、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)和血浆脑钠肽(BNP)。结果 10例患者均成功植入三腔起搏器,NYHA心功能分级改善不明显,6 min步行距离增加,但与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),QRS波时限缩短,左室射血分数明显提高,左室舒张末期内径明显减小,血浆脑钠肽水平显著下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心脏再同步化治疗可明显改善轻中度慢性心力衰竭患者的心功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.