^99Tc^m-氧基异丁基异腈显像在白血病中的应用价值

白血病是一类造血干细胞克隆性恶性疾病，^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（^99Tc^m-MIBI），作为一种肿瘤阳性显像剂，是诊断白血病的一种重要检查手段，特别是在探测白血病微小病灶、监测诱导化疗后的复发和检测白血病多药耐药性方面有重要作用。^99Tc^m-MIBI显像作为一种无创伤性的全身骨髓检查方法，对白血病的临床诊断有重要价值。     

99Tcm-MIBI诊断重度淤胆型婴儿肝炎综合征的价值

目的 鉴于99Tcm-二乙基亚氨基二乙酸(99Tm-EHIDA)肝胆显像对临床重度淤胆患儿应用的局限性,试用99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(99Tcm-MIBI)作为新的肝胆显像剂,了解其应用基础及对重度淤胆患儿的初步诊断价值.方法 建立胆总管闭锁动物模型,了解99Tcm-MIBI肝胆显像的应用基础;对重度淤胆并最终临床证实为婴儿肝炎综合征的27例患儿先行常规99Tcm-EHIDA肝胆显像,次日行24 h延迟显像,1 h后再行99Tcm-MIBI肝胆显像.比较两种显像剂对重度淤胆型婴儿肝炎综合征的诊断价值.结果 动物实验证明,99Tcm-MIBI确经肝胆排泄,且无明显肠道自分泌现象,可以用作肝胆显像.初步临床诊断表明,99Tcm-MIBI肝胆显像对重度淤胆型婴儿肝炎综合征的诊断灵敏度达100%,远远高于常规99Tcm-EHIDA肝胆显像(66.67%).结论 对临床高度怀疑的重度淤胆型婴儿肝炎综合征,99Tcm-MIBI肝胆显像的诊断灵敏度明显高于常规99Tcm-EHIDA肝胆显像.     

99Tcm-MIBI肿瘤显像、CT及血清CEA联合检测肺癌的意义

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI 肿瘤显像、CT及血清CEA联合检测肺癌的临床价值.方法 选择50例疑似肺癌患者,均行99Tcm-MIBI显像、CT扫描及CEA测定,3项检查中有2项阳性即诊断为联合检测阳性(肺癌).结果 99Tcm-MIBI显像诊断肺癌的灵敏度、特异度和准确度分别为83.3%、78.6%和82.0%;CT为80.6%、64.3%和76.0%;CEA为52.8%、64.3%和56.0%.三法联合检测为97.2%、91.7%和96.0%.结论 99Tcm-MIBI 肿瘤显像、CT及血清CEA联合检测提高了在肺癌的诊断及良恶性病变鉴别中的价值.     

99Tcm-MIBI亲肿瘤延迟断层显像对肺占位病灶的诊断价值

目的 探讨99Tcm-MIBI亲肿瘤延迟断层显像在肺部占位病灶中的诊断价值.方法 对28例肺部占位患者静脉注射740 MBq99Tcm-MIBI后1 h行延迟断层显像,以占位病灶(T)/对侧相应部位或邻近正常组织(N)的摄取比值T/N＞1.31为恶性病变标准对肺部占位病灶进行良、恶性判断.结果 肺占位在良性占位组显像剂浓聚多数轻度增强,恶性占位组多数明显增强.肺占位诊断恶性病灶的灵敏度为76.9%,特异度为86.7%,假阳性为13.3%,假阴性为23.1%.结论 99Tcm-MIBI亲肿瘤延迟断层显像以其无创、灵敏、图像质量及特异性较高的优点,可作为在肺占位病灶良、恶性鉴别诊断的重要辅助检查手段.     

99Tcm-MIBI全身显像和99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像评价原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症导致的棕色瘤

骨骼病变在原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(primary hyperparathyroidism,PHPT)中常见,约60％的PHPT患者99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像会出现异常[1],棕色瘤是其中较严重的一种.PHPT病灶定位多采用99Tcm-MIBI双时相法或99Tcm-MIBI和99TcmO4双核素法[2-3].99Tcm-MIBI全身扫描多是为了寻找异位PHPT灶,少有文献报道可同时发现棕色瘤显影.本前瞻性研究探讨并评价了99 Tcm-MIBI全身显像和99 Tcm-MDP全身骨显像对PHPT导致的棕色瘤显影的诊断及预测价值.     

纵隔血管脂肪瘤99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像一例

笔者报道了一例纵隔血管脂肪瘤患者的99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT显像情况,分别从临床症状、CT及99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT亲肿瘤阳性显像、病理诊断等方面介绍该病的特点,并通过文献复习加深了对纵隔血管脂肪瘤的认识。研究结果显示,纵隔血管脂肪瘤99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT亲肿瘤阳性显像未见明显摄取,提示术前多种影像学检查有利于观察纵隔血管脂肪瘤的生长方式、内部成份等,有助于临床诊断与鉴别诊断。     

甲状旁腺腺瘤摄取高锝酸盐一例

患者女,74岁,因血钙和PTH升高,临床诊断为甲状旁腺功能亢进症.实验室检查:血钙2.89(正常参考值2.0～2.7) mmol/L,PTH 224(正常参考值15～65)ng/L.甲状腺超声提示左叶甲状腺下极1.3 cm×0.7 cm低回声结节,怀疑甲状旁腺腺瘤可能,于本科行甲状旁腺显像.患者分别行99Tcm-MIBI/99TcmO:双显像剂减影法和99Tcm-MIBI双时相法甲状旁腺显像(99Tcm-MIBI与99TcmO:均购自北京森科医药有限公司,显像仪器为荷兰Philips SKYLight SPECT).患者经静脉注射99TcmO4-37 MBq,20 min后行甲状腺动态显像,再注射99Tcm-MIBI 740 MBq,20 min后行动态显像,并在注射后20 min及2h分别行99Tcm-MIBI静态显像.     

99Tcm-MIBI显像对甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断价值的研究

目的 观察99Tcm-MIBI甲状腺结节双时相显像的特征,对照病理学检查结果,探讨99Tcm-MIBI早期及延迟显像对甲状腺良恶性结节的鉴别诊断价值.方法 89例经手术病理证实的甲状腺病变患者,其中,甲状腺癌患者38例,甲状腺良性病变患者51例,分别行甲状腺99Tcm-MIBI早期显像及延迟显像,对比分析早期及延迟显像中两组患者的T/NT值.结果 99Tcm-MIBI早期显像中,甲状腺癌组T/NT值(1.32±0.03)与甲状腺良性病变组T/NT值(1.26±0.22)相比,差异无统计学意义(t=0.63,P＞0.05).99Tcm-MIBI延迟显像中,甲状腺癌组T/NT值(1.72±0.39)较甲状腺良性病变组T/NT值(1.20±0.36)增高,差异有统计学意义(t=3.45,P＜0.05).结论 甲状腺99Tcm-MIBI早期显像对甲状腺癌的诊断有较高的灵敏度,但特异性较低;99Tcm-MIBI延迟显像能提高诊断的特异性,对甲状腺结节良、恶性的鉴别有较好效果.     

99Tcm-MIBI显像检测乳腺癌P-糖蛋白

探讨了乳腺癌多药耐药的主要机制和99Tcm-MIBI SPECT检测P-糖蛋白在多药耐药中的研究进展.作为一种功能显像技术,99Tcm-MIBI SPECT能够无创伤性检测乳腺癌多药耐药,为临床治疗提供参考.     

99Tcm-MIBI显像在头颈部恶性肿瘤中的应用

99Tcm-MIBI(99Tcm-sestamibi)作为亲肿瘤显像剂,对头颈部恶性肿瘤及其颈部淋巴结转移、邻近颅骨受累的诊断有较高的灵敏度、特异性和准确性,在头颈部肿瘤的诊断和分期等方面有良好的应用前景.     

Numerous sites of increased uptake shown on bone scintigraphy in a case of adult T-cell leukemia

Bone scintigraphy was performed in a 69-year-old male patient with adult T-cell leukemia suffering from right lower limb pain. Numerous sites of increased uptake were seen in the skull, left clavicle, bilateral humeri, bilateral radii and right femur and tibia. Bone radiographs showed multiple osteolytic lesions, most of which corresponded to the abnormal deposits on the bone scans with 740 MBq of^99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate. This pattern is rarely reported, but bone involvement of adult T-cell leukemia is not uncommon. Bone involvement was remarkable on the appendicular skeleton when compared with common metastatic bone tumors. Bone scintigraphy may be useful in detecting bone involvement in adult T-cell leukemia.     

Unusual bone scintigraphy in chronic myelogenous leukemia--report of a case showing extensive uptake defect

An extensive 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate uptake defect was observed on bone scintigraphy in a 35-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia. This type of bone scintigraphy pattern is quite unusual in leukemic patients and we speculate that acute disturbance of blood supply to the bone marrow was probably the cause.     

Unusual bone scintigraphy in chronic myelogenous leukemia — report of a case showing extensive uptake defect

An extensive ^99mTc-methylene diphosphonate uptake defect was observed on bone scintigraphy in a 35-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia. This type of bone scintigraphy pattern is quite unusual in leukemic patients and we speculate that acute disturbance of blood supply to the bone marrow was probably the cause.     

Multiple extraosseous accumulation of 99mTc-MDP in acute lymphocytic leukemia and reference to literature

Technetium-extraosseous accumulation of technetium-99m-methyl diphosphonate ((99m)Tc-MDP) on bone scan is not usual. It was described and in various diseases with solitary spleen or lung uptake. Simultaneous splenic, pulmonary and renal concentration of (99m)Tc-MDP has not been illustrated previously. Herein, we present a 17 years old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in whom (99m)Tc-MDP was accumulated in the spleen, both lungs and the kidneys. Related literature was mentioned.     

A case of adult T-cell leukemia with metastatic calcification

We report a case of adult T-cell leukemia with increased uptake in both lungs which was detected by a bone scan using 99mTc-MDP. This finding is thought to have been caused by the metastatic calcification which is associated with ectopic parathormone production.     

Radioimmunotherapy for the intensification of conditioning before stem cell transplantation: differences in dosimetry and biokinetics of 188Re- and 99mTc-labeled anti-NCA-95 MAbs.

A new concept is the intensification of preparative regimens for patients with advanced leukemia using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with an affinity for beta emitter-labeled bone marrow. 188Re is a high-energy beta emitter that has therapeutic promise. Our first aim was to clarify whether the therapeutic application of 188Re-MAb against nonspecific cross-reacting antigen 95 (NCA-95) can be predicted from biokinetic data derived from 99mTc-labeled NCA-95. Our second aim was to show that a radiation absorbed dose of > or =12 Gy in the bone marrow can be achieved using 188Re-MAb. METHODS: Dosimetric data were obtained for both radiotracers from multiple planar whole-body scans (double-head gamma camera), blood samples, and urine measurements from 12 patients with advanced leukemia. Radiation absorbed doses were calculated using MIRDOSE 3 software. RESULTS: Radiation absorbed doses to bone marrow, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were 2.24, 0.50, 1.93, 0.05, and 0.90 mGy/MBq, respectively, using 99mTc-MAb and 1.45, 0.43, 1.32, 0.07, and 0.71 mGy/MBq, respectively, using 188Re-MAb. These differences were statistically significant for bone marrow, spleen, and kidney. The main differences were less accumulation of 188Re-MAb in bone marrow (31%+/-13% compared with 52%+/-13%) and faster elimination through urine (25%+/-3% compared with 15%+/-5% after 24 h). On the basis of these data, a mean marrow dose of 14+/-7 Gy was achieved in 12 patients suffering from leukemia after application of approximately 10+/-2 GBq 188Re-MAb. CONCLUSION: Myeloablative radiation absorbed doses can easily be achieved using 188Re-MAb. 99mTc- and 188Re-MAb showed similar whole-body distributions. However, direct prediction of radiation absorbed doses from the 99mTc-MAb, assuming identical biokinetic behavior, is not valid for the 188Re-MAb in a single patient. Therefore, individual dosimetry using 188Re-MAb is needed to calculate therapeutic activity.     

A case of adult T-cell leukemia with metastatic calcification

We report a case of adult T-cell leukemia with increased uptake in both lungs which was detected by a bone scan using ^99mTc-MDP. This finding is thought to have been caused by the metastatic calcification which is associated with ectopic parathormone production.     

The gallium "bone scan" in acute leukemia

A 15-year-old boy with acute leukemia had a gallium-67 scan that was virtually identical to his technetium-99m pyrophosphate bone scan, except for lack of renal visualization. The quality of the radiopharmaceutical was assured by the normal appearance of gallium scan performed in another patient on the same day and with the same radionuclide batch. This extensive osseous uptake was probably due to bone-marrow replacement by leukemia cells and is a pattern that should be recognized as indicating a diffuse marrow-infiltrating disease.     

Extrarenal uptake of<Superscript>99m</Superscript>Tc-DTPA at the site of bone marrow biopsy

Unexpected iliac uptake of 99mTc-DTPA was noted in a 10-year old female referred for evaluation of renal function prior to receiving chemotherapy for relapsed acute lymphocytic leukemia. This scan finding corresponded to the site of a bone marrow biopsy performed five days earlier. X-ray of the area revealed no abnormality. It is assumed that the extrarenal uptake was due to increased vascularity at the site of recent bone marrow biopsy, most likely due to increased osteoblastic reaction in the cortex of the ilium. The patient proceeded with the bone marrow transplant and was well at follow-up six months later.     

Meckel's diverticulum findings on Tc-99m red blood cell scintigraphy in a bleeding leukemic patient confirmed by Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy

A 25-year-old Caucasian woman with a medical history of acute promyelocytic leukemia presented to the emergency department with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. A bone marrow biopsy excluded hemorrhagic leukemia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, emergency abdominal angiography, abdominal CT scan, and wireless capsule endoscopy were performed but no source of bleeding could be detected. Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy was consistent with a small bowel bleeding focus. The persistent and focal images in the right abdomen were suggestive of Tc-99m RBC trapping in the lumen of a Meckel diverticulum (MD). In accordance with this suspicion, successive Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy was performed after 3 days, consistent with the diagnostic hypothesis. Due to the persisting severe bleeding (with a drop in baseline hemoglobin from 10.4 to 7.1 g/dL), despite 8 units of blood transfusion, emergency surgery was performed. Through a minilaparotomy a segmental small bowel resection, including Meckel diverticulum, was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful.