母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤2例临床病理观察

目的探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理特征、病理诊断及相关鉴别诊断。方法对2例BPDCN患者的临床病理特征、免疫表型以及治疗和预后进行分析,并复习相关文献。结果 2例均为男性,年龄38岁和71岁。前者就诊时全身多发性皮肤病损和浅表淋巴结肿大,皮肤表面呈淡红色至紫红色的斑疹、斑块和皮下结节;另1例无皮肤病损,以浅表淋巴结肿大为首发症状。组织形态学显示,真皮和皮下及淋巴结内可见小～中等大小幼稚肿瘤细胞弥漫性浸润。免疫组化:前者肿瘤细胞CD123、CD4、CD56、CD43和TdT(+);后者肿瘤细胞CD123、CD4和CD43(+),CD56和TdT(-)。结论 BPDCN是一种罕见的高度侵袭性淋巴造血系统肿瘤,多发生于老年人,常见皮肤累及,其次为骨髓、外周血以及淋巴结。该病预后差,应注意与其他淋巴造血系统肿瘤相鉴别。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树状突细胞肿瘤临床病理观察

目的探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树状突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的组织病理学特点、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法对1例病理会诊BPDCN患者的组织标本进行HE染色、常规Eli Vision免疫组化染色及原位杂交检测,并结合文献复习分析其临床病理特点。结果患儿男性,10岁。以头颈部包块就诊。镜下瘤细胞形态类似于淋巴母细胞或原始单核细胞。免疫组化示瘤细胞CD4、CD56、CD43和CD123(+),CD34、CD117、MPO、CD68、CD20和CD3(-)。结论 BPDCN是一种罕见类型高度侵袭性的血液肿瘤,进展快,病死率高,易误诊。诊断依据临床和组织学特点,结合免疫组化标记,应注意与急性白血病和其他类型淋巴瘤区别。     

罕见的以鼻咽部肿物为主要特征的母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤临床病理观察

目的提高对发生于鼻咽部的母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的诊断与鉴别诊断水平。方法对1例以鼻咽部肿物为主要特征的BPDCN的临床病理特征、免疫组化、分子检测以及治疗与预后情况进行分析,并复习文献资料。结果患者女性,33岁。以鼻咽部占位伴颈部淋巴结肿大就诊。鼻咽部活组织检查示肿瘤细胞由小~中等大小细胞组成,细胞质稀少,核形略不规则,染色质细腻,核仁不明显。骨髓穿刺示肿瘤由小~中等大小细胞组成,伴大量坏死。追问病史并详细体检发现左前臂皮下包块。免疫组化示肿瘤细胞CD4、CD56和CD123(+),CD3、CD20和CD79α(-);鼻咽部活检物原位分子检测示EBER(-),T系基因重排检测(-)。最后确诊为BPDCN,肿瘤累犯鼻咽部、皮肤及骨髓。结论以累犯鼻咽部为主要临床特征的BPDCN极易误诊为该部位最常见的NK/T细胞淋巴瘤,临床主要应与NK/T细胞淋巴瘤、侵袭性NK细胞白血病等相鉴别。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤2例临床病理分析

目的探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理特点、免疫组化、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法观察2例BPDCN的临床表现、组织学特征及免疫组化,并结合文献复习。结果 2例均为男性,年龄分别为42岁、72岁,均以多发性皮肤斑块就诊。组织形态学瘤细胞弥漫分布于真皮层,核形不规整、呈多形性,中等偏大、染色质细腻、核仁不明显,胞质稀少。免疫组化:2例肿瘤细胞均表达CD4、CD56、CD43和CD123,其中1例部分表达TDT,2例均不表达CD34、CD117、MPO、CD68、PAX5、CD20、CD3和CD5。结论 BPDCN是一种临床上呈高度侵袭性淋巴造血系统恶性肿瘤,最常见侵犯皮肤,骨髓和淋巴结也可以受累,因其极为罕见,容易误诊为其他类型的淋巴瘤及急性白血病,但只要充分认识其组织形态学与免疫组化特征,还是可以对其作出正确诊断。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤临床病理观察

目的研究母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理特点、免疫组化、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法报道1例BPDCN,并复习文献总结其临床病理学、免疫组化特征。结果组织形态学表现为肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,中等大小,细胞质少,核不规则,染色质细,核分裂多见,无坏死。免疫组化:肿瘤细胞CD123、CD56、CD43和S-100(+),少数细胞CD4、CD7和TdT(+),CD2、CD3、CD20、CD21、CD34、CD35、CD68、Pax-5、CD99、CD117和MPO(-)。结论 BPDCN是一种少见的淋巴造血系统高度侵袭性肿瘤,预后差,应注意与其他淋巴造血系统肿瘤相鉴别。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤临床病理学及分子遗传学特征

目的 探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理学及分子遗传学特征,以提高对该疾病的认识。方法 回顾性分析8例BPDCN的临床病理资料、免疫表型等结果,并复习相关文献。结果 8例患者中5例男性,3例女性。镜下肿瘤细胞浸润性生长,中等大小,形态一致,呈母细胞样,核分裂象易见。CD123、CD43、CD4均为阳性;7例表达CD56;2例TdT阳性;Ki-67增殖指数35%～95%,EBER原位杂交均为阴性。1例检测出DNMT3A基因Arg882His突变,另1例检测到CSMD1基因N191K突变,为胚系突变。结论 BPDCN是一种罕见的高度侵袭性的肿瘤,预后较差。临床表现多样,常侵犯皮肤、淋巴结、骨髓。确诊主要依靠病理特征和临床表现。病变局限者手术切除或许能获益。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤6例临床病理分析

目的探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)临床病理特征。方法收集6例BPDCN患者临床信息、病理资料;所有病例均行HE、免疫组化染色和EBV-EBER原位杂交。结果男性5例,女性1例,平均年龄45.2岁。均表现为皮肤肿瘤。组织学改变为真皮全层至皮下脂肪组织见肿瘤细胞结节状或弥散浸润,表皮未受累;细胞中等大小,较一致,核质比高,核圆形或不规则,染色质细腻,核分裂象多见。免疫表型6例肿瘤细胞CD4和CD123均(+),5例CD7和CD56(+),2例Td T弥漫(+),2例CD68(+),1例CD117灶性(+),Ki-67阳性范围30%~80%,CK、EMA、CD3、CD20、CD30、CD34、S-100、MPO(-);EBV-EBER均为(-)。结论 BPDCN是罕见的淋巴造血系统肿瘤,好发于皮肤,诊断需结合临床、形态学与免疫组化。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤4例临床病理分析

目的 探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理学特征及诊断与鉴别诊断.方法 对4例BPDCN的临床病理学特征、免疫表型以及治疗和预后情况进行分析,并复习相关文献.结果 4例患者均为男性,发病年龄20 ～70岁;2例表现为淋巴结肿大,2例示多发性皮肤斑块或结节.活检组织形态学显示,淋巴结及真皮和皮下由弥漫浸润的小～中等大小幼稚肿瘤细胞浸润,细胞质稀少,核形不规则,染色质细腻,核仁不明显.免疫组化示肿瘤细胞CD4、CD56、CD123、TCL-1和S-100(+).结论 BPDCN是一种罕见的高度恶性的淋巴造血系统肿瘤,多数病例发生于老年患者,常见皮肤累及;少量病例也可发生于年轻患者或无皮肤受累者.即使给予高强度化疗和同种异体骨髓移植,预后仍很差.     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤4例临床病理分析

目的 探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床病理特征、免疫表型、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后。方法 回顾性分析明确诊断的4例BPDCN患者的临床特征、影像学、病理组织学、免疫表型及基因测序结果,复习国内外相关文献。结果 4例BPDCN中,男性3例,女性1例;发病年龄17～59岁,中位年龄52岁;4例均以皮肤侵犯为首发症状,2例伴淋巴结转移,3例伴骨髓累及,1例伴中枢及周围神经系统侵犯。免疫组化：肿瘤细胞均表达CD4、CD56、CD43、BCL-2,3例CD123阳性,Ki-67增殖指数20%～90%。EBER原位杂交检测均为阴性。其中1例行基因检测：染色体未见明显异常,髓系74种基因突变分析ASXL1 24.8%、TET2 20.6%。T细胞受体基因重排克隆性分析均为阴性。结论 BPDCN是一种临床少见的高度侵袭性血液系统恶性肿瘤,病程进展快,预后极差,CD4、CD56、CD123及BCL-2阳性表达是其显著的免疫表型,不表达髓系细胞或B、T淋巴细胞免疫标记。诊断时除了病理形态学,还需结合临床表现、免疫表型、实验室检查等综合分析,必要时借助分子遗传学检测辅助诊断,避免误诊和漏诊...     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤的临床及病理特点

目的:探讨母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(BPDCN)的临床表现、病理特点、治疗方案及预后。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的5例BPDCN患者的临床病理特征、诊断治疗及预后。结果:本组5例患者中4例存在皮肤损害,5例患者均有骨髓累及。免疫组织化学检测显示,5例患者均表达CD56,4例患者表达CD4和CD123,3例患者表达CD43。经初始方案治疗后3例达完全缓解,1例达到部分缓解1个月后疾病进展,1例未缓解。2例年轻患者均进行了同胞全相合allo-PBSCT,这2例患者获得了长期生存。结论:BPDCN常见皮肤损害、骨髓受累,可表达CD56、CD3、CD123及CD43。对于合适的患者在CR1期积极进行异基因外周血干细胞移植,可能增加其获得长期生存的机会。     

母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤41例临床分析

目的总结母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤(blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm,BPDCN)的诊治要点及预后,为临床进一步认识和诊治该病提供依据。方法以"母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤"、"母细胞性NK细胞淋巴瘤/白血病"或"无颗粒型CD4+CD56+血液皮肤肿瘤"及"BPDCN"为检索词,检索2009年1月—2013年12月万方数据库、中国知网(CNKI)和Pub Med发表的相关病例报道并对其资料进行回顾性分析。结果经检索共筛选出26篇文献BPDCN 41例,男29例,女12例;平均63.7岁。临床主要表现为皮肤受损伴淋巴结和骨髓受累,肿瘤细胞表达CD4、CD56、CD123,不表达髓系、T细胞及B细胞特异性标志。本组41例采用淋巴瘤、急性髓系白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病方案治疗或单药化疗,其中33例达血液学缓解,有20例完全缓解;15例在化疗后予异体移植,其中14例达血液学缓解。41例平均生存期为12.3个月。结论 BPDCN以老年人好发,诊断依赖于临床资料、组织病理学和免疫组织化学标记,病程呈侵袭性,预后多较差。     

儿童母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤1例分析

摘要本文分析1例儿童母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤（BPDCN）的诊断经验以提高对该病的认识。通过对该例儿童BPDCN病例进行了确诊分析,结合相关文献总结该疾病临床及实验室检查特点。对患儿皮肤肿物活检后行肿瘤细胞悬液流式细胞免疫荧光分析。结果表明,肿瘤细胞表达浆细胞样树突细胞标记CD123,同时表达CD4、CD56,不表达其它髓系、T细胞、B细胞特异性标记;根据临床资料、实验室检查、皮肤肿物病理及免疫组织化学检查结果,本例患者确诊为母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤。结论：儿童母细胞性浆细胞样树突细胞肿瘤非常罕见,诊断依赖于临床资料、组织病理学和免疫组织化学标记,该病病程呈侵袭性,预后差且发病机制在目前尚未明确。无标准治疗方案。     

Canine visceral leishmaniasis: diagnostic approaches based on polymerase chain reaction employing different biological samples

The accurate diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CanL) is essential for visceral leishmaniasis control. To this end, DNA detection on different biological samples has been employed. In this study, we report the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on samples such as buffy coat, bone marrow, intact skin and cutaneous ulcers fragments, and lymph node aspirate collected from 430 dogs to determine the suitable biological sample for use in CanL diagnosis. The PCR results were correlated with clinical status and other tests previously performed. Leishmania chagasi DNA was detected in 14.6% (n = 63) of the dogs investigated, regardless of the sample analyzed. Our results showed that symptomatic cases were easily diagnosed when compared to asymptomatic animals; however, the PCR proved to be very useful for Leishmania DNA detection, mainly in lymph node aspirate (41; 9.6%), irrespective of the clinical status of the dog. The finding that the lymph node aspirate produced high positivity rates and the fact that this specimen was obtained by noninvasive methods highlight its use in epidemiological survey by PCR for CanL diagnosis.     

Sonographically guided core-needle biopsy in the diagnosis of superficial lymphadenopathy

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core-needle biopsy for establishing histopathologic diagnoses of palpable enlarged lymph nodes. METHODS: Thirty patients without a history of malignancy or recent infection underwent ultrasound-guided core-needle lymph node biopsies. Only patients with enlarged lymph nodes ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 cm in greatest diameter that had been present for more than 2 months were included in this study. Two cores from each lymph node were obtained by a freehand core-needle biopsy technique using a 7-MHz ultrasound transducer and an automatic spring-loaded biopsy gun with an 18-gauge cutting needle. RESULTS: The histologic diagnoses were conclusive in 24 cases (80%) and inconclusive in 6 cases (20%). In the 24 conclusive cases, the lymph node enlargement was due to benign causes in 12 cases and malignancy in 12 cases. All specimens in the conclusive cases were sufficient for histologic diagnosis, but there was insufficient material for a diagnosis in 3 of the inconclusive cases. No complications were seen in this series. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy of enlarged lymph nodes is a safe, minimally invasive alternative to surgical biopsy, enabling a histologic diagnosis for treatment planning in most cases.     

Comparison of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and scalene lymph node biopsy in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis

The diagnostic accuracy achieved by taking bronchial mucosal and lung biopsies through flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes was compared with scalene lymph node biopsy in 55 patients with sarcoidosis. The diagnostic yield with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy was 62 per cent in the whole material and increased to 76 per cent in patients with stage II sarcoidosis. Scalene lymph node biopsy was positive in 80 per cent. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a useful method for obtaining biopsy material in sarcoidosis, especially in stage II sarcoidosis. We consider flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy and scalene lymph node biopsy the methods of choice in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.     

Thyroid metastasis from breast cancer presenting with enlarged lateral cervical lymph nodes: A case report

BACKGROUND Secondary malignancy of the thyroid occurs infrequently and mainly originates from malignant tumors of the kidney,gastrointestinal tract,lungs,breast,and skin.The correct diagnosis is important but difficult.Importantly,there are major differences in the treatment of primary and metastatic thyroid cancer,which has a significant impact on prognosis and survival.Therefore,how to diagnose thyroid metastasis(TM)correctly before surgery is a major concern for surgeons.CASE SUMMARY We report a 38-year-old woman who presented with palpable cervical lymph nodes after breast cancer(BC)surgery 2 years ago.Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed thyroid nodules with irregular margins and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.Biopsy was performed for the right largest cervical lymph node,and immunohistochemical analysis revealed negativity for thyroglobulin,estrogen receptor,and progestin receptor and positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.The diagnosis was TM from BC with cervical lymph node metastasis.Total thyroidectomy with bilateral central and lateral neck lymph node dissection was performed.After a 5-mo follow-up,no recurrence or novel distant metastasis was identified.CONCLUSION TM from BC is a rare secondary malignancy.Broad differential diagnosis by biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis needs to be considered.     

Sentinel lymph node concept in prostate cancer

A sentinel node (SN) validation study using a radioactive tracer and back-up extended pelvic lymph node (LN) dissection was performed in 40 patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). The results of the study were favorable with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SN biopsies revealed 90%, 100% and 97.5%, respectively. Based on our promising results to date, we examined the utility of SN navigation surgery (SNNS) in patients with LN metastasis probability of 10% or less on Partin tables. Endoscopic mini-laparotomy surgery was applied to our SN biopsies in 9 patients with clinically localized PCa. SNs were successfully resected in 7 of these patients. Endoscopic minilaparotomy SNNS is a less invasive form of radical surgery for prostate cancer with accurate diagnosis of LN status.     

阿扎胞苷联合GemOx方案治疗母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤一例

母细胞性浆细胞样树突状细胞肿瘤(blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, BPDCN)是一种来源于浆细胞样树突状细胞前体细胞、高度恶性的血液系统肿瘤。原发于鼻腔的BPDCN临床极为罕见,易误诊、漏诊,目前关于BPDCN的治疗,国内外尚无标准方案。本文报道1例原发于鼻腔的BPDCN患者,在采用阿扎胞苷联合GemOx方案治疗后病情得到显著控制、临床症状改善明显。笔者通过对该患者的临床诊疗过程进行分析与探讨,以期提高临床医师对罕见BPDCN的认识。     

Whipple's disease without malabsorption: new atypical features

The diagnosis of Whipple's disease in the absence of intestinal involvement is difficult and often overlooked. We describe five patients aged 8-71 years with normal jejunal biopsies and disparate clinical features, previously unrecognized in Whipple's; all were investigated at a single institution over a period of 18 months. Routine histological examination for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive macrophages and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for Tropheryma whippelii was performed on the small intestine in all patients. PCR analysis was also performed on various tissues including peripheral blood, lymph node, muscle, synovium and spleen in individual patients. Patients 1, 2, 4 and 5 had unusual presenting features not previously associated with Whipple's: intractable immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), juvenile chronic arthritis, isolated muscle weakness and quadriparesis, respectively. Patient 3 presented with pyrexia of unknown origin. All patients had histologically normal small-bowel biopsies with no evidence of PAS positive macrophages. PCR for T. whippelii was positive in all patients in one or more tissues: peripheral blood, intestine, muscle, lymph node and synovium. PAS- positive macrophages were found in 4/5 patients in various sites: lymph node, muscle, spinal cord. Whipple's disease presents with protean clinical features and should be considered in granulomatous disorders of unknown aetiology even in the absence of gastrointestinal involvement.