槟榔壳总酚类提取物抗抑郁作用研究

目的:探讨槟榔壳总酚类提取物对抑郁模型小鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法:采用小鼠悬尾、强迫游泳等抑郁模型,以小鼠行为绝望的不动时间作为指标,考察槟榔壳总酚类抗抑郁活性。结果:槟榔壳总酚类320,160 mg.kg-1剂量组均能显著减少小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳的不动时间。结论:槟榔壳总酚类可以改善小鼠的绝望行为,具有明显的抗抑郁作用。     

人参总皂苷对小鼠的抗抑郁作用

目的：初步探讨人参总皂苷对小鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法：选取健康雄性昆明种小鼠,随机分为5组,空白对照组、阳性药组、人参总皂苷125、250、500 mg.kg^-1剂量组。通过小鼠自主活动实验、小鼠强迫游泳实验和小鼠悬尾实验,观察人参总皂苷对小鼠抗抑郁作用的影响。结果：各给药组小鼠自主活动行为与空白对照组比较均无明显差异;人参总皂苷125、250、500 mg.kg-1均可以显著缩短小鼠强迫游泳及小鼠悬尾不动时间。结论：实验结果表明人参总皂苷在小鼠＂行为绝望＂模型中有一定的抗抑郁作用。     

消郁安神汤抗肾阴虚型抑郁的初步研究

目的初步探讨自拟消郁安神汤的抗抑郁作用。方法采用小鼠悬尾实验及强迫游泳实验观察消郁安神汤的抗抑郁作用。结果在小鼠强迫游泳实验和小鼠悬尾实验中,消郁安神汤能明显缩短两种"行为绝望"模型小鼠的不动时间,高剂量抗抑郁的效果最明显。结论消郁安神汤对"行为绝望"动物模型有抗抑郁作用。     

越鞠丸及各单味药醇提物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用研究

目的:探讨越鞠丸全方及各单味药(香附、川芎、栀子、苍术、神曲)醇提物的抗抑郁活性。方法:采用小鼠悬尾和强迫小鼠游泳实验2种行为绝望法复制小鼠抑郁模型,对越鞠丸全方及各单味药分别进行抗抑郁活性研究。结果:除神曲外,越鞠丸全方及各单味药醇提物均能不同程度地缩短小鼠悬尾不动时间和小鼠强迫游泳不动时间,具有抗抑郁样活性;越鞠丸全方醇提物、苍术和川芎可显著缩短小鼠悬尾不动时间和游泳不动时间。结论:越鞠丸全方及香附、苍术、川芎、栀子醇提物均有不同程度的抗抑郁活性,其抗抑郁活性部位/成分可能主要存在于苍术、川芎2味药材之中。     

均匀设计法优选酸枣仁抗抑郁有效组分配伍研究

目的 优选酸枣仁抗抑郁有效组分（总脂肪油、总黄酮、总皂苷）的最佳配伍。方法 采用均匀设计法将90只小鼠随机分为9组,分别为对照组及给药A~H组,观察各组小鼠强迫游泳和悬尾试验情况,以小鼠在6 min中后4 min内不动时间为评价指标,筛选酸枣仁抗抑郁有效组分的最佳配伍,对所得有效组分最佳配伍的药效进行比较和验证试验。结果 小鼠强迫游泳试验,给药A,B,C,F,H组小鼠强迫游泳不动时间明显少于对照组（P〈0.05）;小鼠悬尾试验,给药A,B,D,E,F,H组小鼠悬尾不动时间明显少于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。经多元统计分析,酸枣仁抗抑郁有效组分的最佳配伍组合为总脂肪油10 mg/kg、总黄酮100 mg/kg、总皂苷10 mg/kg。结论 均匀设计、数理统计与药效学结合确定有效组分的配伍可行,优化活性组分配伍的药效达到或优于原药材。     

豆腐果苷抗抑郁作用的初步研究

目的初步探讨豆腐果苷的抗抑郁作用。方法采用小鼠悬尾实验及小鼠强迫游泳实验方法观察豆腐果苷的抗抑郁作用。结果在小鼠悬尾实验和小鼠强迫游泳实验中,豆腐果苷在20、30mg/kg剂量下能明显缩短小鼠的悬尾不动时间,在30、40mg/kg剂量下能明显缩短小鼠强迫游泳的不动时间。结论豆腐果苷在“行为绝望”动物模型中呈现抗抑郁作用,且量效曲线呈现行为学特有的U型曲线特征。     

花椒多酚类化合物急性给药的抗抑郁作用及机制研究

目的探讨花椒多酚类化合物总提取物（ZPPC）急性给药对ICR小鼠抑郁模型的拮抗作用及可能的机制。方法采用经典的行为绝望抑郁模型,即小鼠悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验,观察ZPPC急性给药对应激小鼠绝望不动时间的影响;同时观察ZPPC对小鼠自主活动的影响,采用荧光分光光度法测定ZPPC对小鼠脑内单胺氧化酶活性的影响。结果与空白组比较,ZPPC（50,100,200mg·kg-1,i.g.）明显缩短小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳实验中的不动时间,其作用类似于阳性对照药丙咪嗪（10mg·kg-1,i.p.）;ZPPC还明显抑制脑内单胺氧化酶的活性。结论 ZPPC急性给药在小鼠行为绝望模型中显示出明显的抗抑郁作用,其作用机制可能与抑制脑内单胺氧化酶活性有关。     

郁可欣胶囊及其拆方对行为绝望抑郁症小鼠的影响

目的:比较郁可欣胶囊及拆方对行为绝望抑郁症动物的影响.方法:将小鼠分为5个组,对照组、氟西汀组、郁可欣组、贯叶连翘组及其他组分组.选择小鼠强迫游泳、悬尾应激及利舍平所致眼睑下垂小鼠绝望模型,观察不同处理对抑郁症状的影响.结果:郁可欣胶囊能缩短小鼠强迫悬尾及游泳的不动时间,并可对抗利舍平所致的小鼠眼睑下垂;拆方各组未能显著改善行为绝望动物的抑郁症状.结论:作为多种有效成分组成的郁可欣胶囊对绝望动物抑郁症状的改善显示较好的协同效应.     

绿萼梅提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用

目的：观察绿萼梅提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法采用悬尾实验（ TFT）、强迫游泳（ FST）等体内药效评价方法观察绿萼梅醇提取物和水提取物对抑郁模型小鼠的治疗作用。结果绿萼梅醇提物能明显缩短小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间（ P＜0．05）,且对自主活动无影响（ P＞0．05）;而水提物对小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。结论绿萼梅乙醇提取物具有抗小鼠抑郁作用。     

淫羊藿苷抗抑郁及对皮质酮致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用研究

目的：研究淫羊藿苷的抗抑郁及对皮质酮致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。方法：采用大／小鼠强迫游泳、小鼠悬尾三种实验模型,将动物随机分为对照组、淫羊藿苷低剂量组、淫羊藿苷高剂量组、阿米替林组,观察药物对大／小鼠强迫游泳不动时间、小鼠悬尾不动时间的影响;并在细胞水平建立皮质酮损伤PC12细胞模型,观察淫羊藿苷的细胞保护作用。结果：在大／小鼠强迫游泳和小鼠悬尾实验中,淫羊藿苷可显著缩短大／小鼠的强迫游泳不动时间和小鼠悬尾不动时间,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;在皮质酮损伤PC12细胞的模型上,淫羊藿苷可显著提高PC12细胞的存活率,拮抗皮质酮诱导的细胞损伤作用。结论：淫羊藿苷具有明显的抗抑郁效果,其抗抑郁作用与神经细胞保护作用有关。     

酸枣仁皂苷提取物的制备与酸枣仁皂苷A和B的含量测定

目的优化酸枣仁总皂苷的大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺;并进一步建立RP-HPLC法同时测定酸枣仁皂苷提取物中酸枣仁皂苷A和B的含量。方法采用单因素方法对纯化工艺条件进行优化,得到酸枣仁皂苷提取物,进而建立RP-HPLC法对酸枣仁提取物中酸枣仁皂苷A和B进行含量测定。结果最佳纯化工艺为:采用AB-8型大孔吸附树脂进行纯化,上样吸附时间为1.5 h,洗脱流速为1.0 mL.min-1,体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液洗脱160 mL。采用此纯化方法得到的酸枣仁皂苷提取物中皂苷的质量分数为52%,测得其酸枣仁皂苷A和B的含量质量分数分别为2.298%和0.789%。酸枣仁皂苷提取物中酸枣仁皂苷A和B的质量浓度分别在14.7～293.0 mg.L-1(r=0.999 7,n=6)、7.2～144.0 mg.L-1(r=0.999 6,n=6)内与峰面积呈良好线性关系;平均回收率(n=9)分别为103.7%、101.9%。结论该工艺稳定可行且提取物中皂苷含量高,具有广泛的应用前景;建立的RP-HPLC法可为酸枣仁皂苷提取物质量标准的建立提供一定依据。     

Group housing of mice increases immobility and antidepressant sensitivity in the forced swim and tail suspension tests

The forced swim test and tail suspension test are often used in laboratory practice to identify compounds that possess antidepressant-like activity. This experiment was conducted to determine whether housing conditions per se influence the response of mice in these antidepressant screening procedures. Male NIH Swiss mice were housed individually or in groups (five per cage) for 8 weeks prior to testing. After 8 weeks, the animals were exposed to the forced swim and tail-suspension tests. Group housed mice displayed high levels of immobility in the forced swim and tail suspension tests. Desipramine injection 60 min prior testing, in doses 7.5 and 15 mg/kg, produced significant reductions in the immobility time in forced swimming and tail suspension tests. Individually housed mice, when exposed to these tests, displayed lower levels of immobility with a magnitude comparable to the effect of desipramine in group housed mice. Desipramine given to individually housed mice did not reduce the duration of immobility either in the forced swim test or in the tail suspension test. These results indicate that both tests are sensitive to housing conditions. This observation suggests that long lasting group housing may be critical to the behavioral response in these preclinical screening procedures in mice.     

Antidepressant-like effect of asiaticoside in mice

In the present study, the potential antidepressant properties of asiaticoside were investigated in male mice in three tests -- splash test in the unpredictable chronic mild stress (CMS) model, tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) -- with clomipramine being a positive control. In the splash test, asiaticoside (10 mg/kg, PO) and clomipramine (50 mg/kg, PO) significantly augmented the frequency of grooming behavior in stressed mice. In the tail suspension test, asiaticoside (10, 20 mg/kg, PO) and clomipramine (50 mg/kg, PO) significantly decreased immobility time. In the forced swimming test, asiaticoside (10, 20 mg/kg, PO) and clomipramine (50 mg/kg, PO) significantly decreased immobility time. These results suggest that asiaticoside may have antidepressant-like action.     

度洛西汀抗抑郁活性评价及毒性研究

目的评价5-HT/NE双重重摄取抑制剂度洛西汀的抗抑郁活性及毒性作用,为抗抑郁剂阳性药剂量选择及同靶标新药研发提供实验依据。方法采用小鼠悬尾和小鼠强迫游泳两个经典的行为绝望模型,对灌胃和腹腔注射两种途径给予度洛西汀的抗抑郁活性进行评价;采用小鼠急性毒性试验评价灌胃和腹腔注射两种途径给予度洛西汀的毒性;采用CCK-8试剂盒比色法检测度洛西汀对HepG2细胞存活的影响。结果灌胃或腹腔注射给予度洛西汀均可剂量依赖性缩短小鼠悬尾和游泳不动时间,有效剂量范围内无中枢兴奋作用;急性毒性试验结果表明,灌胃或腹腔注射给予度洛西汀的LD50值分别为177.1mg·kg-1和75.5mg·kg-1;细胞毒性结果表明,度洛西汀可浓度依赖性降低HepG2细胞的存活率,IC50为68.8μmol·L-1。结论度洛西汀抗抑郁作用明确而稳定,急性毒性主要与中枢神经系统药理作用有关,对胃肠道可能存在潜在不良反应。     

Antidepressant-like effect of rutin isolated from the ethanolic extract from Schinus molle L. in mice: evidence for the involvement of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems

We have recently shown that the hexanic extract from leaves of Schinus molle produces antidepressant-like effects in the tail suspension test in mice. This study investigated the antidepressant-like effect of the ethanolic extract from aerial part of S. molle in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test in mice, two predictive models of depression. Moreover, we investigated the antidepressant potential of rutin, a flavonoid isolated from the ethanolic extract of this plant and the influence of the pretreatment with the inhibitors of serotonin or noradrenaline synthesis, p-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester (PCPA) and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT), respectively in the antidepressant-like effect of this flavonoid. The administration of the ethanolic extract produced a reduction in the immobility time in the tail suspension test (dose range 600-1000 mg/kg, p.o.), but not in the forced swimming test. It also produced a reduction in the ambulation in the open-field test in mice not previously habituated to the arena, but no effect in the locomotor activity in mice previously habituated to the open-field. The administration of rutin reduced the immobility time in the tail suspension test (0.3-3 mg/kg, p.o.), but not in the forced swimming test, without producing alteration in the locomotor activity. In addition, pretreatment of mice with PCPA (100 mg/kg, i.p., for 4 consecutive days) or AMPT (100 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented the anti-immobility effect of rutin (0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) in the tail suspension test. The results firstly indicated the antidepressant-like effect of the ethanolic extract of S. molle in the tail suspension test may be dependent on the presence of rutin that likely exerts its antidepressant-like effect by increasing the availability of serotonin and noradrenaline in the synaptic cleft.