T波电交替预测心肌梗死患者并发心源性猝死的电生理机制和临床价值

T波电交替(TWA)与心源性猝死(SCD)有着极为密切的联系。形成TWA的复极时空离散度增加是发生SCD潜在的电生理基础。心肌梗死患者是发生SCD的高危人群。TWA作为预测MI后伴或不伴左室射血分数降低患者发生SCD的一项指标,具有较高的灵敏度和阴性预测值。     

微伏级T波电交替对肥厚型心肌病高危人群的预测价值

目的探讨动态心电图分析系统时域法检测微伏级T波电交替（MTWA）对肥厚型心肌病患者恶性室性心律失常及心脏性猝死的预测价值。方法94例肥厚型心肌病患者（观察组）和105例健康人（对照组）接受24h动态心电图检查并作MTVvA检测,分析两年的死亡、晕厥及恶性心律失常的发生情况。结果对照组MTWA95％正常值参考范围〈36μV。对照组MTWA〉36uV的占10．5％。观察组MTWA〉36uV的占553％。对照组无心血管事件发生;观察组发生恶性心律失常29例,MTWA〉36uV对恶性心律失常诊断的敏感性793％,特异性55．4％;阳性预测值442％,阴性预测值857％。结论MTWA异常的肥厚型心肌病患者发生恶性室性心律失常及心脏性猝死的危险性增加。     

T波电交替在心脏性猝死预警中的应用——应用T波电交替预警心脏性猝死在中国势在必行

心脏性猝死（Sudden cardiac death，SCD）是一个威胁公共卫生健康的重要社会问题。美国流行病学调查表明，SCD是仅次于各种肿瘤所致死亡的第二大死亡原因。美国平均每年约有45万例心脏性猝死患者。研究证实，约88％的心脏性猝死原因为心律失常，其中恶性室性心律失常最多，约占83％。在发生致命性室性心律失常的人群中，冠心病为主要病因，约占80％。临床研究显示，针对心脏性猝死的高危人群，给予抗心律失常药物治疗不能有效防止SCD。近年来应用ICD一级和二级预防SCD的临床研究证实：ICD可显著减少SCD的死亡率。     

T波电交替对复杂性室性心律失常的预测价值

目的探讨T波电交替对预测复杂性室性心律失常的价值。方法对照分析20例T波电交替患者与20例正常人的动态心电图复杂性室性心律失常发生情况。结果T波电交替组15例75%)出现复杂性室性心律失常,2例死亡;对照组3例出现复杂性室性心律失常(15%)无死亡;两组差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论T波电交替对预测严重室性心律失常有重要价值。     

T波电交替的研究进展

通过对近年来国内外对T波电交替的机制及其临床意义的研究总结,认为T波电交替是人类及动物缺血心肌发生室速、室颤的标志,是预测发生恶性室性心律失常及猝死的危险性独立的意义指标.     

应用T波电交替预警心脏性猝死在中国势在必行

心脏性猝死(Sudden car-diac death,SCD)是一个威胁公共卫生健康的重要社会问题。美国流行病学调查表明,SCD是仅次于各种肿瘤所致死亡的第二大死亡原因。美国平均每年约有45万例心脏性猝死患者。研究证实,约88%     

T波电交替

Ｔ波电交替 (Ｔｗａｖｅａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎ ,ＴＷＡ)是指心电图上Ｔ波幅度、形态的逐搏交替变化。反映心肌复极变化的Ｔ波电交替与反映心肌除极变化的ＱＲＳ波电交替两者均呈频率依赖性 ,但其电生理基础及临床意义却迥然不同。ＴＷＡ阳性者与发生恶性室性心律失常的倾向性呈明显正相关 ,而ＱＲＳ波电交替在快频率的阵发性室上性心动过速时较为常见 ,但它与室性心律失常之间并无相关性。肉眼可见的ＴＷＡ在 1910年即被Ｌｅｗｉｓ发现并确定其为室性心动过速 /心室颤动 (室速 /室颤 )及心性猝死的先兆。此后ＴＷＡ一直受到学者们的关注 ,…     

微伏级T波电交替及其对心脏性猝死的预测价值

微伏级T波电交替(MTWA)是指普通心电图不能发现的需经特殊的、心电信号处理技术才能记录的T波电交替。其发生机制尚不明确,可能与心肌细胞复极的非均一性、离子通道异常和交感活性增加等有关,检测方法有频域法及时域法。MTWA检测能否准确筛选出致死性心律失常的低危患者尚不确定,大多数的临床试验表明,MTWA预测缺血性心脏病、扩张型心肌病和心力衰竭及高血压患者心律失常事件的灵敏度和阴性预测价值较高,而对肥厚型心肌病、遗传性离子通道疾病的应用价值尚需进一步评价。     

微伏级T波电交替的研究进展

T波电交替是心肌电活动不稳定的标志,可作为室性心律失常高危患者的危险分层,是人类及动物缺血心肌发生室性心动过速、心室颤动的标志,是发生恶性室性心律失常及心性猝死的无创预测指标。现结合文献对T波电交替的机制、检测方法、研究现状、适应证、临床意义及优缺点作一综述。     

心脏猝死的预测因子

对心脏猝死的危险性进行准确的预测是防止其发生的有效措施。现从缺血、左室收缩功能、心电学指标和血清学指标等方面对心脏猝死的非侵入性预测因子进行了综述,并对其敏感性和特异性进行了评价。     

心衰患者心源性猝死的一级预防

心衰患者SCD平均发生率约40％。 本文综述SCD发生率、原因、高危病人的识别及药物治疗对SCD的影响。并且概述ICD在SCD一级预防中的重要性。     

心力衰竭患者心源性猝死的预警和治疗策略

重点探讨心力衰竭患者发生心源性猝死的预测方法和治疗策略,旨在为心源性猝死的预防及治疗提供客观依据。     

Sudden Cardiac Death: A Review Focused on Cardiovascular Imaging

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as natural death due to cardiac causes, heralded by abrupt loss of consciousness within 1 h of the onset of acute symptoms; pre-existing heart disease may have been known to be present but the time and mode of death are unexpected. Prediction and prevention of SCD is an area of active investigation, but considerable challenges persist that limit the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of available methodologies. It was well-recognized that optimization of SCD risk stratification would require integration of multi-disciplinary efforts at the bench and bedside, with studies in the general population. This integration has yet to be effectively accomplished. There is also increasing awareness that more investigation needs to be directed toward the identification of early predictors of SCD. Significant advancements have recently occurred for risk prediction in the inherited channelopathies and other inherited conditions that predispose to SCD, but there is much to be accomplished in this regard for the more common complex phenotypes, such as SCD among patients with coronary artery disease. A multimodality imaging approach is actually the most important tool to provide comprehensive information on different pathophysiological mechanisms related to SCD.     

Sudden Death in Pacemaker Patients

Of 264 pacemaker patients who died within 27.6 ± 21 months following pacemaker implantation, 36 (13.6%) died suddenly. There was no difference between them and the remaining patients in terms of age, sex, indications for pacing, type of pacemaker used, and interval between pacemaker implantation and death. On autopsy, all but one patient were found to show severe three-vessel disease without evidence of acute myocardial infarction. The cause of death would thus be compatible with malignant ventricular tachycardia.     

Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: Trials in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Over the past decade, four randomized, controlled trials have evaluated therapies for prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary disease. Three of the four trials have shown significant reductions in mortality with implanted defibrillators. Two studies failed to demonstrate any benefit from pharmacologic antiarrhythmic therapy. The results of these studies in similar patient populations have erased any doubt regarding the ability of implanted defibrillators to reduce the risk of sudden death in patients with coronary disease. Our major challenge at this time is understanding how best to utilize this therapy in order to bring the benefit to the maximum number of patients while minimizing expense.     

The Conduction System Findings in Sudden Cardiac Death

Conduction System in Sudden Death. This is a brief review of the findings in the conduction system in cases of sudden death victims who were living "normal" active lives. Twenty–two representative samples from more than 100 cases of sudden cardiac death, especially in young and asymptomatic individuals, revealed a plethora of findings that varied from normal to congenital and acquired changes, in most cases either at the gross or microscopic level, especially in the conduction system to a varying degree. Despite these changes, the individuals were living normal, symptom–free lives and were not clinically diagnosed to have lethal cardiac problems. This suggests that these individuals might have experienced lethal arrhythmias in the past, which might have been "silent" in nature. Innovative new methodologies must be developed to detect the silent lethal arrhythmic focus that may lead to sudden cardiac death.