43例颌骨牙骨质化纤维瘤的回顾性研究

目的 :总结颌骨牙骨质化纤维瘤的临床表现、X线特征及病理学特征。方法 :回顾性研究颌骨牙骨质化纤维瘤患者 43例 ,进行临床表现、X线特征及病理分析。结果 :临床表现为颌骨局限性肿物。X线影像呈界限清楚的单囊或多囊透射区 ,透射区内有密度增高的斑点状影。镜下见纤维结缔组织中有散在的牙骨质小体。结论 :牙骨质化纤维瘤临床及X线表现易与其他肿瘤混淆 ,病理诊断是确诊依据。     

颌骨牙骨质化纤维瘤临床与病理研究

目的　观察颌骨牙骨质化纤维瘤 (CF)的临床病理特征。方法　收集CF 4 3例 ,对其临床表现、X线影像及病理特征等进行回顾性分析研究。结果　临床表现为颌骨局部肿物 ,以 10～ 19岁、30～ 4 9岁年龄组女性好发 ,下颌骨多见。X线呈界限清楚的单囊或多囊透射区 ,其内有密度增高的斑点状影。镜下见纤维结缔组织中有散在的牙骨质小体 ,其中 9例同时伴有化骨趋向 (牙骨质 -骨化纤维瘤 ,COF)。结论　该瘤易与其他病变混淆 ,病理检查是确诊依据 ,CF(COF)和骨化纤维瘤属于同种病变     

牙骨质-骨化纤维瘤X线分析

目的 总结牙骨质—骨化纤维瘤的X线表现特点。方法 对1977—2002年华西口腔医学院收治的21例牙骨质—骨化纤维瘤病例的X线片进行回顾性分析。结果 牙骨质—骨化纤维瘤的X线表现特点为①多发于下颌骨前磨牙及磨牙区。②形态较为规则，边界清楚，部分周缘可有致密骨壁线。③病变区密度不均匀，为放射透光区与阻射区混杂存在。④病变区膨胀及相关牙受压移位明显，而牙根吸收不明显，病变区内可含牙。⑤发生于下颌的单囊性病变：位于牙根下方，呈圆或类圆形，根尖下方有不规则的致密团块影，病变周围有致密骨壁线。结论 通过对牙骨质—骨化纤维瘤X线表现的分析可以为其临床诊断及手术方式的选择提供一定的依据。     

促结缔组织增生性成釉细胞瘤的X线分析

目的 总结促结缔组织增生性成釉细胞瘤的X线特点。方法 对病理确诊的15例促结缔组织增生性成釉细胞瘤的X线表现进行回顾性分析,并与一般型成釉细胞瘤对比观察。结果 促结缔组织增生性成釉细胞瘤主要位于前牙区和（或）前磨牙区（13／15）。X线有3种表现：①单房改变（7／13）,病变范围小且有密度不均小片状或条索状影像;②多房性皂泡状改变（2／13）,肿瘤内有较多致密条纹样直线或不规则状骨隔;③混合性改变（4／13）,病变区内可见似丛增生团块,边缘带伴有单囊状改变。该瘤组织学上以大量增生的纤维结组织间质中散在不规则、压缩状上皮岛或条索为特点。结论 促结缔组织增生性成釉细胞瘤为成釉细胞瘤的一种新的类型,具有特征性X线和组织学表现,X线方面应与骨化性纤维瘤和牙源性粘液瘤等鉴别。     

纤维-骨肿瘤及结构不良的临床病理特征与鉴别诊断

纤维-骨病变是在临床表现和病理学特征上有明显相似性的一类疾病, 一直受到临床医师以及病理医师的关注。2022年WHO第5版头颈部肿瘤的最新分类将其中牙骨质-骨结构不良、节段性牙上颌结构不良、纤维结构不良、青少年小梁状骨化纤维瘤、沙瘤样骨化纤维瘤和家族性巨大型牙骨质瘤等6种疾病列入"纤维-骨肿瘤及结构不良", 并对这些疾病的诊断和治疗提出了新的观点。本文根据2022年WHO最新分类, 对这6种疾病的临床病理特征、诊断和鉴别诊断进行阐述, 以期为临床诊疗提供参考。     

局灶性增生性龈炎中α-1-抗胰蛋白酶、α-1-抗糜蛋白酶和溶菌酶的兔疫组化鉴定

常见的牙龈粘膜局灶性异常主要是由纤维结缔组织构成的软组织包块。这些病变表现出一定的组织学差异并被冠以不同名称,如外周性骨化纤维瘤、外周性牙骨质纤维瘤和外周性牙源性纤维瘤等。显微镜下,上述病变由富含梭形细胞的结缔组织构成,棱形细胞分布在柔嫩的原纤维基     

化牙骨质纤维瘤：附28例报告

本文重点对28例化牙骨质纤维瘤的X线表现进行了观察和分析。此瘤在X线表现上有其特点:①肿瘤可有特征性的多发现象;②肿瘤区多表现为不均匀中密度影像;③少数肿瘤中可见由牙骨质小体形成的约绿豆大小、边缘整齐、密度均匀性增高的影像;④肿瘤中心多位于颌骨有牙区。本文还对此瘤与其它病变的X线鉴别诊断及此瘤的归类进行了讨论。     

16例颌骨化牙骨质纤维瘤临床病理分析

本文对16例颌骨化牙骨质纤维瘤进行了总结,其临床病理特点:①好发于青少年,②常见于下颌双尖牙和磨牙区,③向颊、舌侧膨胀为主,④X线片:圆形或卵圆形透光阴影、界清、骨皮质完整,密度较骨化性纤维瘤高,⑤病理易误诊为骨化性纤维瘤,⑥治疗:手术摘除为主。     

巨大型牙骨质-骨化纤维瘤1例

牙骨质-骨化纤维瘤是一种少见的良性肿瘤,是来自牙周膜的良性肿瘤,由胶原纤维、成纤维细胞、成牙骨质细胞构成。本文报告1例巨大型牙骨质-骨化纤维瘤,并对其临床表现及治疗进行讨论。     

罕见的、同时发生的、多发的复发性下颔骨囊肿

单纯性骨囊肿,也称创伤性骨囊肿,是多发生于青少年的良性的有结缔组织衬里的骨腔。大多数情况下,表现为孤立的X线密度减低影像。也有单纯性骨囊肿与良性纤维一骨病变同时发生于领骨的报道。单纯性骨囊肿与其他颌骨囊肿和良性肿瘤在X线表现上不易区分。本次病例报告报道1名下颌骨内同时发生3个独立病变的患者。该患者右下颌骨病变表现为多房的X线密度减低影,2个左下颌骨病变在根尖周呈混合性X线密度,类似局灶性或根尖周牙骨质一骨结构不良的X线表现。起初的鉴别诊断还包括更多的具有侵袭性的颌骨良性病变。活检示3个部位均为单纯性骨囊肿。简单的手术治疗使这些骨缺损完全恢复．但左下颌前磨牙一磨牙区病变2年后复发。新的活检证实病变为复发性单纯性骨囊肿,同时也考虑伴发良性牙骨质一骨结构不良,因为它可与单纯性骨囊肿共存。     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.