深二度烧伤创面伤后24 h内削痂的临床研究

目的探讨深二度烧伤创面伤后24 h内削痂的可行性及其促进创面愈合的临床效果.方法19例烧伤总面积在20%～40%、以深二度为主的住院病人在伤后24 h内削痂;39例烧伤严重程度相似的病人在伤后3～5 d削痂作为对照.观察病人休克期的补液量、尿量、休克征象,回吸收期体温和心率,创面愈合时间以及并发症情况;同时对两组创面活检取材,进行组织学观察.结果两组烧伤病人休克期补液量、尿量的比较均无差异(P＞0.05);休克期后第1、2 d,对照组体温高于试验组(P＜0.05);伤后24 h内削痂病人创面平均愈合时间(24.67±3.38)d,与对照组创面平均愈合时间(29.77±8.28)d比较明显缩短(P＜0.05);组织学观察显示,经伤后24 h内削痂后,创面局部的炎症反应较对照创面明显减轻,创面组织未见进一步损害.结论烧伤后24 h内削痂对烧伤总面积在20%～40%、以深二度为主的成年病人是安全的,能通过改善局部过强的炎症反应而促进创面的愈合.     

早期削痂对深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的临床研究

目的探讨深Ⅱ度烧伤创面伤后24 h内削痂的临床疗效。方法将30例有削痂手术指征并在伤后24 h内行削痂术的深Ⅱ度烧伤患者设为实验组,并另选30例削痂条件相似而且按常规在伤后4~6 d行削痂手术设为对照组。比较两组在休克期补液量、并发症发生率、尿量及创面愈合时间。结果两组患者在休克期的补液量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组在休克期的尿量显著多于对照组(P<0.05或0.01),并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),同时创面愈合时间较对照组明显缩短(P<0.01)。结论深Ⅱ度烧伤创面于伤后24 h内削痂是安全的,并能缩短创面愈合时间,减轻患者的经济负担。     

瓦斯爆炸深Ⅱ度烧伤创面早期削痂时机选择

目的探讨瓦斯爆炸深Ⅱ度烧伤患者伤后24h内创面行削痂术的安全性和临床疗效。方法154例有削痂手术指征并在伤后24h内行削痂术的深Ⅱ度烧伤患者为A组;107例削痂条件相似并按常规在伤后72h行削痂术的深Ⅱ度烧伤患者为B组;57例削痂条件相似并按常规在伤后168h行削痂术的深Ⅱ度烧伤患者为C组,比较三组休克期补液量、休克征象发生率、回吸收期的生命体征、尿量及愈合时间。结果三组患者在休克期补液量、休克征象发生率方面差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;A组休克期尿量明显增多,回吸收期的体温、心率与B、C组明显不同（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;A组创面平均愈合时间较B、C组短（P〈0．01）。结论深Ⅱ度烧伤创面于伤后24h内削痂是安全的,并能缩短创面愈合时间。     

深Ⅱ度烧伤早期削痂促进创面愈合的临床研究

目的 :探讨深 度烧伤创面伤后 4 8h内削痂促进创面愈合的临床效果。方法 :烧伤总面积在 15 %～4 0 %、以深 度为主的住院病人 79例在伤后 4 8h内削痂 ,烧伤严重程度相似 5 6例在伤后 5～ 7天削痂作为对照组。观察患者创面愈合时间及有无并发症 ,并对两组创面取材进行组织学研究。结果 :伤后 4 8h内削痂病人创面平均愈合时间为 2 2 .32± 4 .5 7天 ,对照组为 2 8.71± 6 .39天 ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;组织学观察表明伤后 4 8h内削痂后创面局部组织未见进一步损害。结论 :深 度烧伤创面伤后 4 8h内削痂对烧伤总面积在 4 0 %以下的成年患者是安全可行的 ,并能促进创面的愈合。     

早期削痂促进深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的临床研究

目的:探讨早期削痂促进深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的临床疗效。方法:52例深Ⅱ度烧伤患者,分为实验组28例和对照组24例,实验组在伤后24小时内行削痂术,对照组则在伤后4~6日行削痂术,观察两组患者休克期静脉补液量及尿量、并发症以及治疗结果。结果:伤后第3天实验组尿量、实验组植皮区成活率明显高于对照组,术后创面基本愈合时间、平均住院时间及并发症发生率均明显低于对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期切削痂是治疗深Ⅱ度烧伤安全、有效的方法,值得在临床上推广应用。     

深Ⅱ度烧伤创面休克期无止血带削痂效果观察

目的 观察手术早期不上止血带削痂对修复深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的临床效果.方法 32例大面积深Ⅱ度烧伤患者,均在伤后24h内手术.对各项休克复苏指标稳定的患者,术中不上止血带直接进行创面的薄层削痂,以见到均匀点状出血为度.用肾上腺素等渗生理盐水纱布覆盖止血,覆盖异种脱细胞真皮.统计并记录患者每1％TBSA创面削痂的术中出血量、手术时间以及手术前后的体温变化、创面愈合时间、创面愈合质量及瘢痕挛缩程度,并与术中上止血带的相关文献资料进行对比分析.结果 32例患者中31例完成全部观察过程.患者每1％ TBSA创面削痂手术的平均出血量为(8.8±0.9)ml,手术时间为(0.52±0.06) min;伤后5d体温为(37.7±0.7)℃,明显低于伤后24h的(38.6±0.6)℃(t =0.42,P＜0.05);创面愈合时间为(25.2±2.2)d;手术时间、伤后5d体温、创面愈合时间与术中上止血带的相关文献资料相比差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).伤后3个月的创面愈合质量评价100％为佳;伤后6个月创面有瘢痕增生、轻度挛缩,但关节活动自如无功能障碍.结论 深Ⅱ度烧伤创面手术不上止血带薄层削痂出血少、手术时间短、操作简单,术后修复效果良好.     

伤后24h内削痂对深二度烧伤创面生长因子释放的影响

目的探讨伤后24 h内削痂手术对深二度烧伤创面局部表皮生长因子(EGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)释放的影响.方法12例深二度烧伤患者,伤后24 h内实施削痂手术.削痂术前先切取手术前实验区组织标本.术中部分创面保留不予手术,作为未手术实验区.伤后5～7 d行再次手术,分别切取经削痂处理和未手术区的创面组织,作为手术后和未手术实验区标本.分别检测创面组织释放生长因子EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB的含量,并进行组织学观察和新生肉芽形成半定量分析.结果削痂手术创面组织局部释放EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB的水平较手术前和未手术创面有显著升高(P＜0.05);组织形态学观察显示,削痂手术后创面新鲜肉芽组织形成较手术前和未手术创面显著(P＜0.05).结论伤后24 h内削痂手术可以促进局部创面组织释放EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB,促进新生肉芽形成,有利于深二度烧伤创面愈合.     

伤后24h内削痂对深二度烧伤创面生长因子释放的影响

目的 探讨伤后24 h内削痂手术对深二度烧伤创面局部表皮生长因子(EGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)释放的影响。方法 12例深二度烧伤患者,伤后24 h内实施削痂手术。削痂术前先切取手术前实验区组织标本。术中部分创面保留不予手术,作为未手术实验区。伤后5～7 d行再次手术,分别切取经削痂处理和未手术区的创面组织,作为手术后和未手术实验区标本。分别检测创面组织释放生长因子EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB的含量,并进行组织学观察和新生肉芽形成半定量分析。结果 削痂手术创面组织局部释放EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB的水平较手术前和未手术创面有显著升高(P<0.05);组织形态学观察显示,削痂手术后创面新鲜肉芽组织形成较手术前和未手术创面显著(P<0.05)。结论 伤后24 h内削痂手术可以促进局部创面组织释放EGF、FGF-2和PDGF-AB,促进新生肉芽形成,有利于深二度烧伤创面愈合。     

伤后24 h内对大面积深Ⅱ度烧伤创面削痂的安全性以及促进白细胞介素-1释放的研究

目的 评价伤后24 h内削痂治疗大面积深Ⅱ度烧伤的安全性,探讨其减轻深Ⅱ度烧伤创面炎症反应,防止创面进行性损害,促进IL-1释放,加快创面愈合的作用.方法 12例大面积以深Ⅱ度烧伤为主的患者,每例患者均选择相对均匀的深Ⅱ度创面作为实验创面并分为3个研究区域:手术前、手术后和未手术实验区.伤后24 h内行削痂术,手术前标...     

碱烧伤932例治疗体会

目的 总结十年来我院932例碱烧伤患者的诊治,探讨碱烧伤的治疗方法.方法 入院后,烧伤面积小、伤情轻者先冲洗半小时以上后清创;烧伤面积较大、病情危重者在平稳抗休克基础上冲洗清创,然后根据情况区别对待.浅Ⅱ度创面采用包扎或暴露疗法并及时观察:如果创面加深尽早削痂植皮,已明确的小面积深Ⅱ度及Ⅲ度创面可即时削痂植皮,大面积重症患者则在休克期或过后及早分次削、切痂植皮,削痂深度以pH试纸不变蓝为止.结果 单纯浅Ⅱ度烧伤407例,经磺胺嘧啶银(锌)包扎换药治疗或保痂治疗痊愈,愈合时间2～3周,平均16 d,其中包扎治疗愈合时间短,优于保痂治疗.总面积<50%体表总面积(TBSA)、深Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度<20%的患者502例,痊愈时间28～65 d,平均42 d;总面积>50%TBSA,其中深Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度以上烧伤>20%的患者23例,痊愈时间68～156 d,平均96 d.结论 碱烧伤后第一时间用清水冲洗半小时以上,可以减轻碱烧伤的程度;即时、休克期或伤后4～7 d削切痂植皮的削切痂深度至pH 7.0左右的正常组织,然后用大量生理盐水冲洗后一期植皮,则植皮成活率可大大提高;加强安全防护教育,采取有效的防护措施可以减少碱烧伤的发生.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.