布地奈德/福莫特罗对支气管哮喘患者血管内皮生长因子及其受体1表达及气道重塑的调控作用

目的支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是一种慢性气道炎症疾病,伴随气道高反应性、可逆性气流阻塞和气道重塑。血管生成和微血管重塑在气道慢性炎症过程中可能起到重要的作用。血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)是一种促血管生成因子,其生理作用包括促进内皮细胞存活、增殖和迁移。本研究通过检测哮喘患者气道VEGF和VEGF受体1(VEGFR1)的表达,探讨VEGF和哮喘患者气道重塑的关系以及布地奈德/福莫特罗对哮喘患者气道重塑的调控作用。方法支气管组织来源于2006年4月至11月四川大学华西医院经纤维支气管镜行组织活检。23例为中度哮喘患者,20例为对照组。哮喘患者给予规律吸入布地奈德/福莫特罗4.5/160μg,2次/d,持续半年。VEGF和VEGFR1通过免疫组织化学进行检测。AB-PAS和MassonTrichrome染色用于评估气道重塑程度。结果两组之间年龄和性别差异无统计学意义。而两组之间用力肺活量占预计值%,第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值%,PC20,V75占预计值%,V50占预计值%和V25占预计值%的差异有统计学意义。哮喘组患者气道黏液腺增生、平滑肌增厚、上皮下纤维化以及新生血管增加。与对照组比较,VEGF和VEGFR1阳染细胞数目增多,表达增加。VEGF和VEGFR1表达增加与哮喘患者的气道重塑、气流阻塞和气道高反应性呈正相关。规律吸入布地奈德/福莫特罗6个月后,哮喘患者VEGF和VEGFR1表达减少,气道重塑减轻。结论伴随哮喘患者气道血管生成增多和气道重塑,VEGF和VEGFR1表达增加。规律吸入布地奈德/福莫特罗可以通过减少VEGF和VEGFR1表达而减轻哮喘患者气道重塑。阻断VEGF和VEGFR1可能是治疗哮喘的新策略。     

VEGF反义寡核苷酸对胆囊癌细胞VEGF,Flt-1及KDRmRNA表达和VEGF蛋白分泌的影响

目的:体外研究Oligofectamine介导的VEGF反义寡核苷酸(antisense oligodeoxynucleotide,ASODN)转染对人胆囊癌GBC-SD细胞VEGF,Flt-1及KDR mRNA表达和VEGF蛋白分泌的影响.方法:运用Oligofectamine介导的VEGF反义寡核苷酸(ASODN)和错义寡核苷酸(Scrambled Oligodeoxynucleotide,SODN)转染人胆囊癌细胞GBC-SD,半定量RT-PCR检测转染后各组细胞不同时间的VEGF,Flt-1及KDR mRNA表达变化,ELISA测定转染后各组细胞培养上清液VEGF蛋白浓度.结果:半定量RT-PCR发现ASODN组及ASODN Oligofectamine组24,48,72,96 h VEGF(ASODN组VEGF165:0.686±0.033,0.569±0.049,0.489±0.036,0.716±0.017;ASODN组VEGF121:0.462±0.046,0.338±0.034,0.219±0.022,0.471±0.038;ASODN Oligofectamine组VEGF165:0.601±0.021,0.465±0.042,0.416±0.023,0.662±0.035:ASODN Oligofectamine组VEGF121:0.408±0.014,0.286±0.019,0.157±0.021,0.418±0.037)、Flt-1(ASODN组:0.694±0.019,0.562±0.045,0.435±0.042,0.724±0.026;ASODN Oligofectamine组:0.609±0.018,0.442±0.049,0.314±0.015,0.614±0.029)及KDR(ASODN组:0.667±0.063,0.490±0.033,0.301±0.029,0.665±0.068;ASODN Oligofectamine组:0.523±0.048,0.432±0.027,0.218±0.036,0.524±0.037) mRNA的表达显著低于Control组(P<0.05),且ASODN Oligofectamine的抑制作用比ASODN强(P>0.05).ELISA测定结果显示ASODN组(281.26±18.62,526.44±34.95,791.13±20.99)及ASODN Oligofectamine组(250.7±14.57,506.09±19.14,711.79±19.91)24,48,72 h VEGF蛋白的分泌浓度均显著低于Control组(394.23±16.26,711.6±26.21,933.85±28.65)(P<0.05),且ASODN Oligofectamine的抑制作用比ASODN强(P>0.05).结论:Oligofectamine介导的VEGF ASODN能抑制GBC-SD细胞VEGF,Flt-1及KDR mRNA表达和VEGF蛋白分泌.     

Extracellular RNA mediates endothelial-cell permeability via vascular endothelial growth factor

Cell injury leads to exposure of intracellular material and is associated with increased permeability of vessels in the vicinity of the damage. Here, we demonstrate that natural extracellular RNA as well as artificial RNA (poly-I:C), or single-stranded RNA but not DNA, significantly increased the permeability across brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. RNA-induced hyperpermeability of tight monolayers of endothelial cells correlated with disintegration of tight junctions and was mediated through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), reminiscent of heparin's activities. Antisense oligonucleotides against VEGF-receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) prevented the permeability-inducing activity of extracellular RNA and heparin completely. Hence, these polyanionic substances can lead to mobilization/stabilization of VEGF with the subsequent activation of VEGF-R2. In accordance with these functional data, strong binding of VEGF as well as other growth factors to RNA was demonstrable. In in vivo rat models of FeCl(3)-induced sinus sagittal is superior thrombosis and stroke/brain edema, pretreatment of animals with RNase (but not DNase) resulted in a significant reduction of vessel occlusion, infarct volume, and prevention of brain edema formation. Together, these results identify extracellular RNA as a novel natural permeability factor, upstream of VEGF, whereas counteracting RNase treatment may serve as new vessel-protective modality.     

Human chorionic gonadotropin induces nestin expression in endothelial cells of the ovary via vascular endothelial growth factor signaling

The intermediate filament protein nestin was originally found to be expressed in neuronal progenitor cells, but recent studies have shown that other cell types, including endocrine and vascular endothelial cells, express nestin. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of nestin in the ovaries of developing, peripubertal, and adult rats. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses revealed that nestin mRNA and proteins were expressed in adult rat ovaries. Immunohistochemical analyses using adult rat ovaries showed that nestin was mainly localized to capillary endothelial cells of theca interna in follicles with more than two layers of granulosa cells and that its expression increased with follicle growth. Ontogenetically, ovarian nestin expression started at the peripubertal period when the first gonadotropin surge occurs. To test the possibility that gonadotropins induce nestin expression, prepubertal (postnatal d 21) rats were sc injected with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A single injection of hCG, but not eCG, was sufficient to induce nestin expression in follicles, mainly in capillary endothelial cells of theca interna. Furthermore, pretreatment with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor prevented the induction of the nestin expression by hCG. These findings demonstrate that the endogenous LH surge induces nestin expression in capillary endothelial cells of theca interna via the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. Nestin may be involved in angiogenesis in growing follicles, which is followed by follicle maturation and subsequent ovulation.     

Aggretin, a snake venom-derived endothelial integrin alpha 2 beta 1 agonist, induces angiogenesis via expression of vascular endothelial growth factor

Aggretin, a collagen-like alpha 2 beta 1 agonist purified from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom, was shown to increase human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and HUVEC migration toward immobilized aggretin was also increased. These effects were blocked by A2-IIE10, an antibody raised against integrin alpha 2. Aggretin bound to HUVECs in a dose-dependent and saturable manner, which was specifically inhibited by A2-IIE10, as examined by flow cytometry. Aggretin elicited significant angiogenic effects in both in vivo and in vitro angiogenesis assays, and incubation of HUVECs with aggretin activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2); these effects were blocked by A2-IIE10 or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody (mAb). The angiogenic effect induced by aggretin may be via the production of VEGF because the VEGF level was elevated and VEGF mAb pretreatment inhibited Akt/ERK1/2 activation as well as the in vivo angiogenesis induced by aggretin. The VEGF production induced by aggretin can be blocked by A2-IIE10 mAb pretreatment. In conclusion, aggretin induces endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis by interacting with integrin alpha 2 beta 1 leading to activation of PI3K, Akt, and ERK1/2 pathways, and the increased expression of VEGF may be responsible for its angiogenic activity.     

大肠癌组织中血管内皮生长因子的表达及意义

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）在大肠癌组织中的表达及其与大砀癌发展的关系。方法 应用名单组织化学ＬＳＡＢ法检测５２你人大肠癌组织的ＶＥＧＦ表达,分析ＶＥＧＦ与大肠癌组织类类型、分化程度、Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期及淋巴结转移毕率随关大肠癌Ｋｕｋｅｓ分期的进展而增加,且Ｄｕｋｅｓ Ｃ期的ＶＥＧＦ表达率与ＤｕｋｅｓＡ期相比有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,ＶＥＧＦ在有淋巴结转移组的４０．００％（Ｐ〈０．０１）     

大肠癌血管内皮生长因子的表达及其意义

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）mRNA在大肠癌和癌周组织中的表达及其与临床特征之间的关系,为在分子水平干预肿瘤血管形成,预防大肠癌复发和转移打下基础。方法：采用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）检测方法,对68例大肠癌手术标本癌和癌周组织中VEGF mRNA的表达水平进行了相对定量研究。结果：肿瘤组织中VEGF mRNA的表达率为67．6％（46／68）,癌周组织表达率为32．4％（22／68）;肿瘤组织中VEGF mRNA表达水平在浆膜浸润组,淋巴结转移,远处转移和Dukes D期组分别显著高于未侵及浆膜组,无淋巴结转移组,无远处转移和Dukes A,B,C期组;肿瘤组织中VEGF mRNA表达水平在肿瘤直径大的大肠癌组（＞5cm)与大小肠癌组（≤5cm)以及不同组织学分组组之间相比差异无显著性。结论：VEGF在大肠癌浸润和转移过程中发挥重要作用,肿瘤血管形成与大肠癌浸润和转移关系密切。     

siRNA沉默巨噬细胞移动抑制因子基因对肝癌细胞血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)是最早发现的炎症因子之一[1].近年来的研究结果显示MIF在多种肿瘤细胞中过表达[3],参与肿瘤的发生及进展.     

血管内皮生长因子及其受体在肺气肿患者肺组织中的表达

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体2(VEGF受体2/KDR)在肺气肿患者肺组织中的表达及其与肺气肿的相关性。方法取35例行肺叶切除术患者[A组(吸烟伴肺气肿组)16例,B组(不吸烟肺功能正常组)14例,C组(吸烟但肺功能正常组)5例]的外周肺组织标本,ELISA法检测肺组织匀浆中VEGF的含量,免疫组化法检测KDR蛋白表达,RT PCR检测VEGF和KDRmRNA水平,TUNEL法检测肺泡隔细胞的凋亡。结果A组患者肺组织VEGF、KDR表达均低于B组(P<0.01),肺泡隔细胞凋亡率高于B组(P<0.01)。C组与B组相比,VEGF及KDR表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论VEGF及KDR水平减少与肺泡隔细胞凋亡的增加可能与肺气肿的发生相关。