海洋放线菌WBF16的分类鉴定

鉴定抗菌活性放线菌WBF16的分类地位;通过观察其培养特征、生理生化特性,以及对其细胞壁组分和16S rDNA序列的分析,将该菌鉴定到种;该放线菌为链霉菌属假浅灰链霉菌的一个新菌株.     

一株产纤溶酶菌株BS-26的分离和鉴定

目的对纤溶酶产生菌株进行筛选和鉴定。方法采用LB-纤维蛋白平板初筛和摇瓶发酵复筛的方法进行筛选;通过对菌株形态和生理生化特征以及16S rDNA进行鉴定。结果从土壤中分离得到5株纤溶酶高产菌株,其中菌株BS-26活性最高。其形态和生理生化特征与枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)很相近。将所测得的16SrDNA序列用BLAST软件与GenBank数据库进行相似性分析,并用Neighbor-Joining法构建系统发育树。BS-26菌株与Bacillus subtilis的相似性达到99.63%。结论BS-26菌株鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis。     

芽孢杆菌BI1的鉴定及其抑菌性研究

目的 对本实验室分离得到芽孢杆菌B11进行鉴定.方法 将该菌株的16S rDNA基因序列与GeneBank中已鉴定的16S rDNA序列对比,并结合生理生化实验综合分析.结果 菌株B11与枯草芽孢杆菌亲缘关系最为接近,16S rDNA基因相似性达到99.6%,生理生化实验结果与标准枯草芽孢杆菌一致.结论 将芽孢杆菌B11鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌.     

1株甲基杆菌的鉴定

目的：鉴定1株在生物制品生产车间采集的菌株 wh01的种属。方法观察该菌株的形态,并用细菌鉴定仪进行检定。采用 PCR 法扩增菌株的16S rDNA 和甲醇脱氢酶大亚基的 mxaF 基因,用生物信息学软件进行分析。结果该菌株经细菌鉴定仪检定为沙门菌属,但其形态与沙门菌有很大差别,其16S rDNA 和 mxaF基因序列与甲基杆菌属序列的相似性高达99％。结论该菌株属于甲基杆菌属。     

放线菌P-127菌株抗菌活性物质的初步考察

目的初步确定放线菌P-127菌株的类别及其抗菌活性物质的结构。方法采用琼脂扩散法研究放线菌P-127菌株代谢产物的抑菌活性,采用16S rDNA序列分析法初步对菌株进行分类,采用大孔树脂柱色谱和制备型高效液相色谱对活性成分进行分离纯化,通过紫外、红外、质谱初步确定活性物质的结构。结果放线菌P-127菌株产生的活性物质对啤酒酵母菌、白色念珠菌以及小麦赤霉病菌等6种真菌具有显著的抑菌活性,16S rDNA序列分析表明菌株的序列与Streptomyces padanus的序列完全相同(相似性100%),质谱显示活性物质的相对分子质量为670,紫外吸收波谱显示活性物质具有多烯大环内酯类抗生素的特征吸收峰。结论经16S rDNA序列比对分析,初步确定放线菌P-127菌株为Streptomyces padanus,其产生的抗真菌活性谢物质为fungichrom in。     

海洋中度嗜盐菌whb36的分离、鉴定和生物活性研究

目的从海洋中度嗜盐细菌中发现具有抗菌和抗肿瘤活性的物质。方法从盐场的底泥和海水中分离嗜盐细菌,采用抗菌模型和细胞毒模型进行活性筛选,对活性较强的菌株whb36进行形态学和生理生化特性研究,测定其16S rRNA序列并通过同源性比对进行系统发育分析。结果菌株whb36为中度嗜盐菌;whb36与Halomonas ventosae在形态和生理生化特征方面最接近,16S rRNA序列相似性为99%。whb36的粗提物具有较强的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性。结论中度嗜盐细菌whb36可以提供新的活性物质。     

产非达霉素药用植物内生放线菌N12W0304的分类鉴定#br#

目的 对一株分离自药用植物仙鹤草中的产非达霉素菌株N12W0304进行分类研究。方法 通过形态特征、培养特征观察、生理生化特征、胞壁分析及16S rDNA序列分析等多相分类研究对菌株进行鉴定。结果 菌株N12W0304属于游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes sp.)菌株。结论 本报道是首次从仙鹤草中分离到游动放线菌属非达霉素产生菌。     

抗流感病毒H1N1海绵放线菌的筛选及菌株HA10201的鉴定

目的从海绵中分离筛选具有抗H1N1活性的放线菌,并对活性菌株HA10201进行鉴定。方法采用CPE和MTT方法对从海绵中分离的放线菌进行抗H1N1活性筛选,对活性较强的菌株HA10201进行形态学和生理生化特性研究,测定其16SrDNA序列并进行系统发育分析。结果菌株HA10201发酵液稀释20倍后对H1N1抑制率达68.1%,HA10201与Streptomyces roseorubens的形态和生理生化特征最为接近,且与其16SrDNA序列相似性为99.40%,且在发育树上聚为一个分支。结论菌株HA10201鉴定为S.rose-orubens,其发酵液具有较强的体外抗H1N1活性,值得进一步研究。     

一株抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的海洋放线菌的鉴定及系统发育分析

从海南三亚海域的海绵中分离到一株抗耐甲氧西林金黄色芎芍merhieillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)的海洋放线茵A115。该菌株在燕麦片琼脂上插片培养孢子丝螺旋形，孢子长圆形，表面有稀疏的短刺；菌株细胞壁含LL—DAP，糖型C；16S rDNA序列分析及系统发育分析表明，分离菌株A115与Streptomyces albogriseolus属同一分支．同源性为99．0％．但形态学、生理生化鉴定及活性情况存在一些差异。由此推断菌株A115为S．albogriseolus的海洋变种．命名为Streptomyces albogriseolus var．marine。     

14株伯克霍尔德菌的鉴定分析

目的 对从菌种保藏中心获得以及样品分离的14株伯克霍尔德菌进行鉴定分析，为该菌的鉴定和溯源分析提供参考。方法 分别用生理生化(API20NE和Biolog碳源分析系统)、基因型(自动化核糖体分型、16S rDNA和recA序列分析)的方法对11株标准菌株和3株未知菌进行了鉴定，并对结果进行了分析比较。结果 生理生化的方法能够鉴定到属的水平，Biolog能够区分BCC与非BCC类群微生物；16S rDNA序列分析能够鉴定到属水平，对于非BCC的部分菌可以鉴定到种水平，并且能够将BCC正确分类；recA序列分析能够将包含BCC的部分菌正确鉴定到种水平；Riboprinter技术能够鉴定到属水平，但是该技术能够对菌进行溯源分析。结论 在进行该菌的鉴定时，可以参考中国药典2015年版四部9204微生物鉴定技术指导原则的要求，根据自身的需求、技术能力以及能够承担的成本，选择适宜的鉴定方法和技术，依据多相鉴定原则进行鉴定分析，第一步判断是否属于伯克霍尔德菌属，第二判断是否属于BCC，第三尽可能准确鉴定到种水平，有必要的情况下进行溯源分析以确认污染来源。     

Vibrio inhibens sp. nov., a novel bacterium with inhibitory activity against Vibrio species

Strain BFLP-10(T), isolated from faeces of wild long-snouted seahorses (Hippocampus guttulatus), is a Gram-negative, motile and facultatively anaerobic rod. This bacterium produces inhibitory activity against Vibrio species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BFLP-10(T) was a member of the genus Vibrio and was most closely related to Vibrio owensii (99%), Vibrio communis (98.9%), Vibrio sagamiensis (98.9%) and Vibrio rotiferianus (98.4%). However, multilocus sequence analysis using gyrB, pyrH, recA and topA genes revealed low levels of sequence similarity (<91.2%) with these closely related species. In addition, strain BFLP-10(T) could be readily differentiated from other closely related species by several phenotypic properties and fatty acid profiles. The G+C content of the DNA was 45.6?mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain BFLP-10(T) represents a novel species within the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio inhibens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BFLP-10(T) (=CECT 7692(T)=DSM 23440(T)).     

Degradation of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxin microcystin by a new bacterium isolated from a hypertrophic lake

A bacterium capable of degrading microcystins-RR, -YR, and -LR was isolated from a hypertrophic lake. The bacterium, designated Y2 and classified phenotypically as a member of the genus Sphingomonas, was shown to be distinct phylogenetically from any established species of Sphingomonas on the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing. The bacterium was tentatively identified as Sphingomonas by manual chemotaxonomy, but 16S rRNA sequencing analysis suggests that it is in fact a new species or even a new genus. When the Y2 bacterium was added to microcystins present in culture medium, the microcystins were degraded thoroughly in 4 days. The highest degradation rates of microcystins-RR and -LR were 13 and 5.4 mg L-1 day-1, respectively. The degradation rates were strongly dependent on temperature and the maximum rate was at 30 degrees C.     

Streptosporangium oxazolinicum sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete producing new antitrypanosomal antibiotics, spoxazomicins

An actinomycete strain K07-0460(T) producing new antitrypanosomal antibiotics, spoxazomicins, was isolated from the roots of a variety of orchid collected in the subtropical Okinawa prefecture. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Streptosporangium and showed high similarities with S. amethystogenes subsp. amethystogenes DSM 43179(T) (99.4%), S. amethystogenes subsp. fukuiense IFO 15365(T) (99.2%) and S. longisporum DSM 43180(T) (98.7%). The DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness values between strain K07-0460(T) and the three strains were below 70%. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization relatedness and physiological characteristics, the strain should be classified as a new species Streptosporangium oxazolinicum sp. nov. in the genus Streptosporangium. The type strain of S. oxazolinicum is K07-0460(T) (=JCM 17388(T)).     

男性泌尿生殖道感染患者分离奈瑟菌的16S rDNA和PIA基因检测

目的检测男性泌尿生殖道分离奈瑟菌的16SrDNA和PIA基因,探讨奈瑟菌属菌种的基因鉴定及其致病机理。方法用PCR扩增和核苷酸序列分析方法分别检测11例男性泌尿生殖道感染患者泌尿生殖道分离的14株奈瑟菌属菌种的16SrDNA和PIA基因及其序列。结果 14株奈瑟菌属菌种经16SrDNA检测鉴定分别为淋病奈瑟菌2株,黏液奈瑟菌3株,灰色奈瑟菌5株,微黄奈瑟菌2株,干燥奈瑟菌1株,嗜乳糖奈瑟菌及多糖奈瑟菌各1株;与常规细菌学方法鉴定的符合率为85.7%。非淋球菌奈瑟菌未检出淋病奈瑟菌毒力相关的PIA核苷酸序列。结论常规细菌学方法与染色体16SrDNA检测及其序列分析方法的联合使用,可提高奈瑟菌属菌种感染的实验室诊断准确率;PIA基因对于奈瑟菌属的男性生殖道致病性无关。     

一株产脂肽类抗生素bacillopeptin A深海芽孢杆菌的筛选与鉴定

目的 筛选从中国南海深海3601m的海泥样品中分离得到的细菌,获得一株芽孢杆菌SH-B74,分离其产生抗植物病原真菌脂肽类化合物,并进行菌种鉴定.方法 使用酸沉淀、快速柱色谱、SPE和半制备反高效液相色谱技术分离发酵液中的脂肽类纯化合物,采用形态、生理生化特性和16S rDNA基因序列分析相结合方法鉴定菌株.结果 分离纯化得到一种拮抗植物病原真菌的脂肽类纯化合物bacillopeptin A,分子量为1020.6Da;菌株经鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens).结论 该菌株对玉米纹枯病等多种植物病原真菌具有拮抗作用,代谢产物bacillopeptin A对苹果干腐病菌具有良好的拮抗效果.显示了该菌及其代谢产物在植物病原真菌的生物防治和土壤生物修复方面具有潜在研发价值.     

Actinomycetospora iriomotensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from a lichen sample

An actinomycete strain, IR73-Li102(T), was isolated from a lichen sample obtained from Iriomote Island, Japan, and subsequently characterized using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain IR73-Li102(T) had the highest sequence similarities with Actinomycetospora chiangmaiensis YIM 0006(T) (98.3%), A. corticola 014-5(T) (98.1%) and A. rishiriensis RI109-Li102(T) (98.0%). However, DNA-DNA hybridization assays, as well as physiological and biochemical analyzes, showed that strain IR73-Li102(T) could be clearly differentiated from its closest phylogenetic relatives. The strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, and arabinose and galactose were present in whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H(4)), and the diagnostic phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The major cellular fatty acid was iso-C(16:0) (58%). The chemotaxonomic properties of strain IR73-Li102(T) were consistent with those shared by members of the genus Actinomycetospora. On the basis of the phenotypic features and DNA-DNA hybridization data, strain IR73-Li102(T) (= NBRC 106365(T) = KCTC 19783(T)) represents a novel species of the genus Actinomycetospora, for which the name Actinomycetospora iriomotensis sp. nov. is proposed.