IL-6、IL-1和PDGF对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞生长的影响

目的：探讨白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）、白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）和血小板源生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ）对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（ＭｓＣ）增殖的影响。方法：采用改良的ＭＴＴ法和ＢｒｄＵ掺入法检测ＳＤ大鼠体外ＭｓＣ悬液中加入ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－１及ＰＤＧＦ后１２ｈ及２４ｈ的增殖情况。分７组进行观察。结果：ＩＬ－６组、ＩＬ－１组和ＰＤＧＦ组１２ｈ及２４ｈ的光密度（ＯＤ值）与标记指数（ＬＩ）均为２％ＦＣＳ组也均高,但所有实验组均不能达２０％ＦＣＳ组的细胞增殖水平。联合应用双因子刺激１２ｈ及２４ｈ均未见明显的协同促增殖作用。结论：ＩＬ－６、ＩＬ－１及ＰＤＧＦ均能在一定程度上刺激大鼠肾小球ＭｓＣ增生。联合应用双因子刺激无明显的协同效应。     

氧化低密度脂蛋白刺激人肾小球系膜细胞产生单核细胞趋化蛋白-1由核因子-κB活化调控

目的 研究核因子ＫＢ（ＮＦ－ＫＢ）在氧化低密度脂蛋白（Ｏｘ- ＬＤＬ）诱导的体外培养的人肾小球系膜细胞表达单核／巨噬细胞趋化蛋白－１（ＭＣＰ－１）中的作用。方法 采用凝胶迁移率变动分析检测ＮＦ－ＫＢ的ＤＮＡ结合活性变化，以免疫组织化学观测细胞内ｐ６５的核转位，用细胞ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测细胞内 ＭＣＰ－１及ＩＫＢα蛋白含量变化。结果 不同浓度（１０、２５、５０、１００μｇ／ｍｌ）Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ刺激肾小球系膜细胞均可引起细胞ＮＦ-ＫＢ的ＤＮＡ结合活性增强、ＩＫＢα蛋白表达下降以及ＭＣＰ－１蛋白表达增强，以５０μｇ／ｍｌ刺激１ｈ ＮＦ－ＫＢ活化及ＩＫＢα表达减弱最明显，作用２４ｈＭＣＰ-１表达水平最高。ＮＦ－ＫＢ俯活化的同时伴有ｐ６５核转位。上述效应可被ＮＦ－ＫＢ特异性抑制剂吡咯二硫氨基甲酸酯（ＰＤＴＣ）所抑制。结论Ｏｘ－ＬＤＬ刺激人肾小球系膜细胞产生ＭＣＰ－１是由ＮＦ－ＫＢ调控，ＮＦ－ＫＢ参与了脂质肾损害的发病过程。     

抗CD3与抗CD28单克隆抗体共刺激对淋巴细胞免疫活化基因m …

目的 观察ＣＤ２８共刺激信号对淋巴细胞免疫活化基因表达的影响及环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）对它们的抑制作用。方法 分离健康人外周血单个核细胞,分别给予抗ＣＤ３单克隆抗体（抗ＣＤ３ｍＡｂ）单刺激或抗ＣＤ３ｍＡｂ＋抗ＣＤＷ２８单克隆抗体（抗ＣＤ２８ｍＡｂ）共刺激培养;加或不加入ＣｓＡ。于培养后６ｈ和２４ｈ收集细胞。以逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测β－Ａｃｔｉｎ、ＣＤ４０Ｌ、ｂｃｌ－ｘＬ、ＴＧＦ－β１、Ｆ     

不同浓度安氟醚对低温下心肌能量代谢的影响

目的 研究不同浓度安氟醚（Ｅｎｆ）对常温或低温下心肌能量代谢的影响。方法 ２４只家兔的离体心脏，Ｌａｎｇｅｎｄｏｒｆｆ装置平衡灌注１５ｍｉｎ后，随机分为４组（ｎ＝６），Ａ组，常温１．１％Ｅｎｆ的Ｋ－Ｈ液灌注；Ｂ组，常温２．２％Ｅｎｆ的Ｋ－Ｈ液灌注；Ｃ组，低温１．１％Ｅｎｆ的Ｋ－Ｈ灌注，Ｄ组，低温２．２％Ｅｎｆ的Ｋ－Ｈ液灌注。常温组温度为３７℃，低温组温度为３０℃。灌注３０ｍｉｎ后，取心失部心肌组织     

转移生长因子—β,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子诱导人成骨细胞表达血小板衍生生

目的 探讨转移生长因子（ＴＧＦ）－β、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）对人成骨细胞血小板衍生生长因子（ＰＤＧＦ）－ＢｍＲＮＡ表达的影响及其意义。方法 体外分离培养人成骨细胞。在体外培养的成骨细胞中分别加入１０、２０、４０、８０、１６０ｕｇ／Ｌ梯度浓度的ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ培养细胞２４ｈ,以摄取＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ为细胞增殖指标检测细胞增殖状况。以４ｕｇ／Ｌ的ＴＧＦ－β和１０ｕｇ／Ｌ的ｂＦＧＦ培养细胞２４ｈ,寡核苷酸探针检测细胞ＰＤＧＦ－ＢｍＲＮＡ的表达。结果 １０～１６０ｕｇ／Ｌ的ＰＤＧＦ－ＢＢ可促进成骨细胞增殖（Ｐ〈０．０５）。在普通培养条件下,细胞下表达ＰＤＧＦ－ＢｍＲＮＡ;当培养体系中加入ＴＧＦ－β和ｂＦＧＦ,可见ＰＤＧＦ－ＢｍＲＮＡ的表达。结论 ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ基因的表达可能是骨组织生长的储备因素,ＴＧＦ－β和ｂＲＮ     

Rxa对L02细胞增殖的细胞周期分析和对Ki—67,CyclinD1,PCN …

探讨丹参提取物Ｒｘａ对正常肝细胞增殖速率的影响。方法应用流式细胞术分别测定Ｌ０２细胞Ｒｘａ处理组和未处理组０、２、４、８、１２小时Ｇ０－Ｇ１、Ｓ、Ｇ２－Ｍ期细胞指数，同步进行Ｋｉ－６７、ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＰＣＮＡ蛋白表达的免疫组化分析。结果Ｌａ细胞胞增殖速率较快，Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达相对较强，ＣｙｃｌｉｎＤ１、ＰＣＮＡ表砂相提前。结论Ｒｘａ可能促进Ｌ０２细胞增殖。     

抗膀胱癌单克隆抗体导向的粘附性LAK细胞体外抗膀胱癌作用的研究

为了进一步探索治疗膀胱癌的新途径，用人体脾脏组织制备粘附性淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞（Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞），通过生物素－亲和素系统将抗人膀胱癌单克隆抗体（ＢＤＩ－１）与Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞偶联构建出ＢＤＩ－１－Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞偶联物。采用４小时５１Ｃｒ释放法测定ＢＤＩ－１－Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞偶联物体外对人膀胱癌ＢＩＵ－８７细胞的杀伤率，结果显示，扩增５天从每克人脾脏组织可制备得５．５×１０８个Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞，ＢＤＩ－１－Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞偶联物对ＢＩＵ－８７细胞具有较强的特异性杀伤作用。提示ＢＤＩ－１－Ａ－ＬＡＫ细胞偶联物可望用于膀胱癌导向治疗     

微量元素对大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞样细胞体外培养增殖分化的影响

本实验所用的细胞是按照Ｌｕｂｅｎ改良的方法获得，并用该技术及骨细胞培养物作为模型进行骨代谢中细胞增殖及调节机制的研究。使用３周龄ＳＤ大鼠颅盖骨，以胶原酶、胰蛋白酶消化收集细胞，接种在２４孔培养板，每孔２×１０￣６个细胞／ｍｌ，在１０％胎牛血清的１９９培养液中于５％ＣＯ＿２、３７℃饱和湿度培养，在条件液中分别加１０￣（－９）至１０￣（－１）不同浓度的Ｚｎ￣＋＋、Ｃｕ￣＋＋、Ｍｎ￣＋＋、Ｍｇ￣＋＋、Ｃａ￣＋＋微量元素培养，并从其形态学及生化指标探讨微量元素对成骨细胞的增殖、分化都有明显的影响。     

抗骨质疏松药XW630对成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶mRNA表达的影响

目的研究新设计的抗骨质疏松药物ＸＷ６３０对成骨细胞碱性磷酸基因表达的影响,为其治疗骨代谢性疾病提供理论和实验依据。方法以成骨细胞ＭＣ３Ｔ３－Ｅ１为体外实验模型,用含有１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度的ＸＷ６３０,雌酚酮,四环素及四环素加雌酚酮的细胞培养液ＤＭＥＭ培养细胞,２４ｈ和７２ｈ提取细胞总ＲＮＡ并与碱性磷酸酶ｃＤＮＡ进行Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交。结果ＸＷ６３０对成骨细胞ＭＣ３Ｔ３－Ｅ１合成和分泌碱性磷酸     

肿瘤坏死因子—α损伤的肺动脉内皮细胞对肺动脉平滑肌细胞增？…

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）损伤的肺动脉内皮细胞对肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭＣ）增殖的影响及内皮细胞热应激反应的干扰作用。方法 以终浓度为５００、１０００、１５００ｕ／ｍｌ的ＴＮＦ－孵育融合层的肺动脉内皮细胞或经过热应激反应的内皮细胞１ｈ,然后用不含血清的ＤＭＥＭ培养基培养２４ｈ,收集上清培养液制成条件培养液（ＥＣ－ＣＭⅠ、ＥＣ－ＣＭⅡ）用于 孵育ＰＡＳＭＣ（Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组）,同时用正常条     

Uremic acquired cystic disease of kidney

Multiple cystic disease occurring in the diseased kidneys of patients with end-stage renal insufficiency is called uremic acquired cystic disease of the kidney. In male patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis the incidence of ACDK is markedly high. ACDK is known to be accompanied by tumor, bleeding, calculus, abscess, etc., and the complication of cancer of the kidney is a special problem. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, occurrence of ACDK, tumor, and kidney cancer are observed respectively at the rate of 47.1, 4.8, and 1.5 per cent. When hemodialysis patients show gross hematuria, flank pain, rapid decrease in hematocrit, and sustained fever, ACDK or its complications should be investigated. Since the risk accompanied by kidney cancer is high in spite of a lack of symptoms, regular screening by ultrasonic examination or CT scan is needed. Renal transplantation is also recommended because of the regression of ACDK after successful renal transplantation. In the future, it appears that ACDK should be considered one disease entity and added to the categories of renal cystic diseases. In addition, ACDK can be studied as a model for clarification of the mechanism of cyst and tumor occurrence.     

Renal cell carcinoma in acquired cystic disease of the kidney manifested by spontaneous renal hemorrhage

Acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) is a common phenomenon in long-term adult dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease. Renal hemorrhage and neoplastic transformation of the cyst are two major complications of this entity and these two can occur independently. Here we describe a 65-year-old man with a history of hemodialysis-dependent end-stage renal failure for 12 years presented with macroscopic hematuria and right flank pain. Investigations revealed right massive perirenal and subcapsular hematoma with ACDK. The hemorrhagic state required nephrectomy of the right kidney. Histological study showed ACDK with massive subcapsular and perinephric hematoma containing minimal clear cell carcinoma region(0.5 cm in diameter). Although a causal relationship between renal hemorrhage and renal cell carcinoma in this patient was unproven, the present case suggests radical surgery can be a recommendable treatment modality of hemorrhagic ACDK.     

Acquired renal cystic disease

In 1977, Dunnill et al. described a new disorder, bilateral multiple renal cystic disease. It occurred among hemodialysis patients whose original illness had not been cyst-related. Acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) is commonly observed in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The incidence of ACDK is 40-50% in reports of autopsy and surgical specimens, rising to more than 90% after 5-10 years of dialysis. The volume of the kidneys decreases in the first 3 years of dialysis and then increases as the rate of cyst formation increases. In male patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis the incidence of ACDK is markedly high. ACDK is also found in patients before hemodialysis. The primary concern in patients with ACDK is the increased incidence (5-19%) of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The incidence is about twelve to eighteen times higher than that in the general population and the cancers may be asymptomatic. Therefore, screening is essential if carcinomas are to be detected early. Regular screening by ultrasonic examination or CT scan is needed. A patient requires nephrectomy when the kidney cancer exists or is suspected by dynamic CT scan. Nephrectomy is performed only on the side with renal mass. It has been argued that RCC associated with ACDK are innocuous and do not predispose the patient to an increased risk of death from RCC. RCC arising from ACDK is considered to be a tumor of low malignant potential, compared with classic RCC. However, RCC has been reported to metastasize in 16% of the patients on dialysis and to be the cause of death in 2% of the kidney transplant recipients. The etiology of ACDK is unclear and its incidence increases with the duration of dialysis. ACDK patients have a propensity to develop adenocarcinoma. The increased incidence of RCC in ACDK patients warrants careful radiologic monitoring of end-stage kidneys in selected patients.     

A study of the native kidneys in patients with chronic renal failure. Report 2: Correlation between cystic changes in native kidneys and development of renal tumor

The factors which made acquired cysts develop to renal tumors in chronic hemodialysis patients was investigated from clinical and histological findings. Although three renal tumors were found among 151 patients with chronic renal failure, clinically, one case had acquired cystic disease of the kidneys (ACDK), one case had simple cysts and the other case did not have any cyst. However, the last two cases had multiple small cysts histologically. In ACDK, renal tubules were degenerated and dilated, fused to each other, forming more larger cysts. Furthermore, epithelium of acquired cysts showed columer and dysplastic change, and papillary adenomas were developed into the inner space of the cyst wall. And ACDK kidney without renal tumor also revealed the same findings in histological examinations. It was postulated that renal tumor occurred from the papillary projections of the dysplastic epithelium of cysts. Therefore cysts in uremic patients seemed to be different from the simple cyst in normally functioning kidneys.     

Clinical evaluation of renal cell carcinoma and acquired cystic disease of the kidney in long-term dialysis patients

Long-term dialysis patients frequently develop acquired cystic disease of the kidneys (ACDK). One hundred and sixty-seven dialysis patients were classified into two groups according to the presence or absence of ACDK, and the two groups were compared with regard to the dialysis period, laboratory findings, and so forth. Among the 167 dialysis patients, 37.7% showed ACDK and had an average dialysis duration of 10.3 years, which was significantly longer than the 5.0 years for patients without ACDK. The proportion of patients with ACDK rose with increasing duration of dialysis; 64.6% of the patients on dialysis for more than 10 years had ACDK. The values of hemoglobin and hematocrit of patients with ACDK were significantly higher than those without ACDK. Of 12 dialysis patients who were operated upon because of suspected renal tumor, pathological examination confirmed renal cell carcinoma in 8 and adenoma in one. One of these patients had been treated with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and another had bilateral renal tumor. Among the 8 patients with renal cell carcinoma, ACDK was detected in 5 by means of CT and ultrasound tomography, and cystic changes were observed in two on light microscopic examination of the resected kidneys. Pathological examination of the non-tumorous renal tissues revealed hyperplastic or adenomatous changes in the cyst epithelium in 5 patients undergoing dialysis for more than 7.5 years. These changes were thought to be pre-neoplastic. The high incidence of ACDK and the development of renal tumors in long-term dialysis patients indicates the necessity of intensive monitoring.     

后腹腔镜囊肿去顶减压术治疗肾脏囊性疾病57例报告

目的:探讨后腹腔镜囊肿去顶减压术治疗肾脏囊性疾病的临床疗效及手术方法。方法:对57例肾脏囊性疾病患者行后腹腔镜囊肿去顶减压术,其中单纯性肾囊肿51例,多囊肾6例,回顾分析相关资料。结果:57例手术均获成功,无严重并发症发生。镜下操作时间单纯性肾囊肿15～35 min,多囊肾90～120 min;单纯性肾囊肿术中出血5～20 ml,多囊肾30～60 ml。术后随访3～24个月,单纯性囊肿无复发;多囊肾患者术后腰部胀痛缓解,3例合并肾功能不全的患者肾功能改善。结论:后腹腔镜囊肿去顶减压术治疗肾脏囊性疾病患者创伤小,康复快,疗效确切,可作为治疗肾脏囊性疾病的首选方法。     

Ultrasonographic study on kidneys in patients with chronic renal failure. Part II. Acquired cystic disease of the kidneys

Ultrasonic examination of the kidney was performed on 280 patients undergoing chronic dialysis. Acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) was detected in 107 of 529 kidneys (20.2%). This paper presents an analysis of ultrasonotomograms of ACDK. Ultrasonic measurement of the size of ACDK was 72.5 +/- 15.2 mm in length and 41.7 +/- 9.8 mm in thickness. The size of ACDK was significantly greater than that of contracted kidneys by ultrasonographic diagnosis. With regard to sex distinction the length and thickness of ACDK were significantly greater in males than in females. As for laboratory data, patients with ACDK showed significantly higher values of red blood cell count, hematocrit and serum creatinine concentration compared with contracted kidneys. Prolongation of the dialysis peirod increased the incidence of ACDK. The size of ACDK showed a tendency to increase with duration of dialysis. However, no correlation was noted statistically between the incidence of ACDK and duration of dialysis and between the size of ACDK and duration of dialysis. There was a significantly lower incidence of ACDK in patients with diabetic nephropathy than those with chronic glomerulonephritis. A sonographic feature of ACDK is irregularity of the renal contour because of cystic transformation. Renal imaging, identification of the corticomedullary border, identification of the central echoes and increased parenchymal echogenicity were similar to other dialyzed kidneys. The main complications of ACDK are hemorrhage and tumor formation. We observed two retroperitoneal hematomas and one renal cell carcinoma developed within two years after this examination. The incidence of complications of ACDK was 5.1 per cent. We believe that patients with ACDK should be watched carefully by regular ultrasonic examination for early diagnosis and treatment of these complications.     

化学诱导大鼠多发肾囊肿伴肾肿瘤及肾组织DNA损伤的表达

目的 观察化学药物大鼠多发肾囊肿伴肾肿瘤模型的诱发情况和ＤＮＡ损伤标记物８－羟基脱氧鸟苷（８－ＯＨｄＧ）在其肾组织的表达。方法 用２－氨基４,５－二苯噻唑（ＤＰＴ）和Ｎ－亚硝基吗啉（ＮＮＭ）诱发和人类获得性肾囊肿（ＡＣＤＫ）伴肾癌相似的大鼠动物模型,并用免疫组化方法（ＬＳＡＢ法）检查８－ＯＨｄＧ在大鼠肾组织的表达。结果在本实验中,ＮＮＭ组３／１０的大鼠诱发肾肿瘤出现,在ＤＰＴ／ＮＮＭ组的９只大鼠均     

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with acquired cystic disease of the kidney in a haemodialysis patient

SUMMARY:   A 54-year-old-female patient who had received regular haemodialysis therapy for 12 years was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a left renal mass. Imaging examinations revealed acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) and a tumour-like lesion in the left kidney. Because of the preoperative diagnosis of the left renal cell carcinoma, the patient underwent a left nephrectomy. Pathological examination revealed xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. It was difficult to distinguish xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis from renal cell carcinoma in our case, because it is very rare for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis to occur in ACDK.     

Acquired cystic disease of kidney associated with renal cell carcinoma in chronic dialysis patients.

We describe 2 cases of acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) associated with renal cell carcinoma in patients treated with long-term hemodialysis. Both patients have had dialysis for five and eight years, respectively. Renal cell carcinomas of these patients are small, averaging 2 cm in diameter. They are clear cell type. Atypical epithelial hyperplasia arising from cystic areas can be seen intermingling with carcinoma. This confirms that atypical epithelial hyperplasia is a precursor of renal cell carcinoma. Although the incidence of renal cell carcinoma arising in ACDK is on the rise, the issue of how to manage patients with ACDK remained unsettled and required further study.