共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Factors responsible for persistence of childhood constipation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
V A Loening-Baucke 《Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition》1987,6(6):915-922
In this study 56% of children with chronic constipation and encopresis were unable to defecate rectal balloons. Most of them had an abnormal contraction of the external and sphincter during defecation trials. Eighty-six percent were still unable to defecate balloons 1 year later after having complied with a conventional treatment program. Only 14% of patients unable to defecate balloons had recovered by 1 year, whereas 64% of patients able to had recovered (p less than 0.02). Only 13% of patients unable to relax the external sphincter had recovered by 1 year, whereas 70% of those able to do so had recovered (p less than 0.01). In addition, none of the patients with an abdominal fecal mass present during the initial examination independent of ability or inability to defecate balloons had recovered (p less than 0.001). This study shows that abnormal defecation dynamics and the severity of constipation are predictors for persistence of chronic constipation and encopresis. 相似文献
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Grossman Z van Esso D Del Torso S Hadjipanayis A Drabik A Gerber A Miron D 《The Pediatric infectious disease journal》2011,30(3):255-256
An electronic survey assessing primary care pediatricians' estimations and practices regarding parents' vaccination refusal was sent to 395 members of the European Academy of Pediatrics Research in Ambulatory Setting network, with a response rate of 87%. Of respondents who vaccinate in the clinic, 93% estimated the total vaccine refusal rate as <1%. Of all respondents, 69% prefer a shared decision-making approach to handle refusing parents. 相似文献
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To assess the important factors for successful primary closure in staged reconstruction of bladder exstrophy, 25 patients
(18 males, 7 females) underwent primary bladder closure during the years 1993–1997. Twenty-one were more than 72 h old; all
of these underwent bilateral posterior iliac osteotomies followed by primary bladder closure during the same anesthetic. Bladder
closure was done in a double layer. The ureteric catheters were removed after 2 weeks and the bladder catheter after 3.5–4
weeks. Only 1 patient had a bladder dehiscence on the 10th postoperative day due to infection; 3 had partial wound dehiscences
but no bladder dehiscence. One had a partial bladder prolapse. The osteotomies needed no drainage, and no complications occurred.
One patient needed a urinary diversion 3 years after surgery as the bladder capacity did not increase. Eleven important factors
play a pivotal role for successful primary bladder closure: (1) Proper patient selection; (2) A staged approach; (3) Anterior
approximation of the pubic bones with placement of the bladder and urethra in the true pelvis; (4) Posterior bilateral iliac
osteotomies in all indicated cases; (5) Double-layered closure of the bladder; (6) Two weeks' proper ureteric catheter drainage;
(7) Prevention of infection; (8) Prolonged and proper postoperative immobilization; (9) Prompt treatment of bladder prolapse;
(10) Prevention of abdominal distension postoperatively; and (11) Ruling out bladder-outlet obstruction before removing the
bladder catheter.
Accepted: 12 July 1999 相似文献
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D Hull 《Archives of disease in childhood》1991,66(5):643-646
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Salmon DA Moulton LH Omer SB DeHart MP Stokley S Halsey NA 《Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine》2005,159(5):470-476
BACKGROUND: The rate of nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements has been increasing, and children with exemptions have contributed to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. OBJECTIVES: To determine why parents claim nonmedical exemptions and to explore differences in perceptions of vaccines and vaccine information sources between parents of exempt and fully vaccinated children. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Colorado, Massachusetts, Missouri, and Washington. PARTICIPANTS: Surveys were mailed to the parents of 815 exempt children (cases) and 1630 fully vaccinated children (controls randomly selected from the same grade and school) recruited from 112 private and public elementary schools. Surveys were completed by 2435 parents (56.1%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parental reports. RESULTS: Most children (209 [75.5%] of 277) with nonmedical exemptions received at least some vaccines. The most common vaccine not received was varicella (147 [53.1%] of 277 exempt children). The most common reason stated for requesting exemptions (190 [69%] of 277) was concern that the vaccines might cause harm. Parents of exempt children were significantly more likely than parents of vaccinated children to report low perceived vaccine safety and efficacy, a low level of trust in the government, and low perceived susceptibility to and severity of vaccine-preventable diseases. Parents of exempt children were significantly less likely to report confidence in medical, public health, and government sources for vaccine information and were more likely to report confidence in alternative medicine professionals than parents of vaccinated children. CONCLUSION: Continued efforts must be made to educate parents about the utility and safety of vaccines, especially parents requesting nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements. 相似文献
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SM Pueschel 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1995,84(7):823-827