胃舒颗粒薄层鉴别及含量测定

目的：建立胃舒粒质量标准。方法：采用薄层色谱法鉴别大黄,槟榔,枳实,薄层色谱扫描法测定样品中大黄素的含量。结果：大黄中大黄素在0．15－1．20ug(r=0.9964)范围内呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率为90．82％,RSD为1．98％（n=6)。结论：操作简易,斑点明显,分离效果好;含量测定干扰少,稳定性好,本法能很好地控制胃舒颗粒的质量。     

小败毒膏的质量标准研究

目的建立小败毒膏的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱法对小败毒膏中的大黄、黄柏、金银花、蒲公英、赤芍和陈皮进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定该制剂中大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量,色谱柱为CAPCELL PAK C18（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）分析柱;流动相：甲醇-0．1％磷酸溶液（70：30）;流速：1．0mL／min;检测波长：254nm;柱温：30℃。结果薄层色谱法可鉴别出该制剂中的大黄、黄柏、金银花、蒲公英、陈皮和赤芍。大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚分别在0．0764～0．7640、0．0708～0．7080、0．0738—0．7380、0．0414～0．4140μg范围内有良好的线性关系,r分别为0．9998、1．0000、0．9997、0．9999,平均回收率分别为100．87％（RSD为1．61％）,100．70％（RSD为0．93％）,99．82％（RSD为1．62％）,99．91％（RSD为1．60％）,n=6。结论该方法准确、灵敏、重复性好,能有效地控制小败毒膏的质量。关键词：小败毒膏;TLC;HPLC;大黄酸;大黄素;大黄酚;大黄素甲醚     

灌肠液Ⅰ号质量控制方法研究

目的建立灌肠液I号有效的质量控制方法。方法采用薄层色谱法鉴别秦皮、红花、苦参、大黄;运用高效液相色谱法测定大黄素的含量。结果薄层色谱方法简便、专属性强、重复性好;含量测定结果准确,大黄素的平均回收率为99.5%,RSD为0.53%,n=5。结论本方法可有效的控制灌肠液Ⅰ号的质量。     

益欣康泰胶囊质量标准的研究

目的：为了控制益欣康泰胶囊质量提供科学依据;方法;对益欣康泰胶囊主要成分进行了薄层鉴别,用薄层扫描法测定制剂中大黄素的含量并测定其浸出;结果：（１）益欣康泰胶囊中甘草及甘草酸铵得到的较好的分离、与对照品,对照药材对应;（２）大黄素含量为０．５６－０．９１ｍｇ／粒,（３）正丁酸浸出物含量为０．９－３．２ｍｇ／粒,结论：方法简便,快速,准确。     

复方连翘皮康乳膏质量标准研究

目的建立复方连翘皮康乳膏的质量控制方法。方法采用TLC法对复方连翘皮康乳膏中大黄、威灵仙和地塞米松进行定性鉴别,以HPLC法测定其主要活性成分大黄素、大黄酚和地塞米松的含量。结果薄层鉴别,供试品色谱中大黄素、大黄酚、地塞米松在与对照品和对照药材色谱相应位置上显相同颜色的斑点,阴性无干扰;大黄素和大黄酚在1～80μg/ml范围内线性良好,平均回收率分别为100.83%、101.70%,RSD分别为3.03%、3.51%。地塞米松在5～80μg/ml范围内线性良好,平均回收率为100.36%,RSD为1.54%。结论 TLC鉴别和HPLC含量测定方法操作简便、结果准确、重复性好,能有效控制复方连翘皮康乳膏的质量。     

黄元胶囊质量标准的研究

目的建立黄元胶囊的质量标准。方法采用TLC法鉴别大黄;采用HPLC法测定大黄素、大黄酚的含量。结果 TLC斑点清晰,易于观察。大黄素和大黄酚分别在0.064～0.64μg(r=0.9999)和0.112～1.12μg(r=0.9998)线性关系良好。大黄素的平均回收率为98.28%,RSD为1.49%;大黄酚的平均回收率为99.44%,RSD为0.68%。结论本文建立的方法简便、准确、专属性强,可作为黄元胶囊的质量控制标准。     

HPLC法同时测定消氮颗粒中芦荟大黄素 大黄酸 大黄素 大黄酚和大黄素甲醚五种成分的含量

目的用HPLC法同时测定消氮颗粒中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚5种成分的含量。方法选用VP-ODS C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相：甲醇-0.1%磷酸（85∶15）,检测波长：254 nm,流速：1.0 ml·min-1,柱温：30℃。结果芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚均在1.60-8.00μg·ml-1范围内浓度与峰面积线性关系良好,大黄素甲醚在0.86-4.8μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好,样品中各成分的平均回收率分别为芦荟大黄素99.07%（RSD为1.81%）,大黄酸98.96%（RSD为1.07%）,大黄素98.65%（RSD为1.33%）,大黄酚99.27%（RSD为1.87%）和大黄素甲醚98.33%（RSD为1.07%）,n=6。结论本文方法快速、灵敏、准确,样品处理简便易行。     

薄层扫描法测定复方雷公藤胶囊中香酚内酯的研究

目的：建立控制复方雷公藤胶囊的质量方法。方法：对雷公藤、丹参、黄芪、三七等四味中药用薄层色谱法进行定性鉴别,用薄层扫描法对雷公藤中的雷酚内酯进行定量分析。结果：定性、定量方法灵敏、重现性好,雷酚内酯的含量为２．０５±０．０４μｇ·ｇ＾－１,ＲＳＤ为２．０３％。结论：本法可用于复方雷公滕胶囊的质量控制。     

润肠通便颗粒质量标准研究

目的建立润肠通便颗粒的质量控制方法。方法采用TLC法对方中决明子、当归进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC法测定样品中大黄素、大黄酚的含量。色谱条件：色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2 C18柱（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相：甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液（84∶16）;流速：1 ml·min-1;柱温：室温;检测波长：254 nm。结果薄层定性鉴别的斑点清晰,分离效果良好;大黄素含量在1.1～44μg·ml-1的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999）,平均加样回收率为98.05%,RSD为1.2%（n=6）;大黄酚含量在1.6～64μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999）,平均加样回收率为98.07%,RSD为1.1%（n=6）。结论本实验简单易行,结果准确,重复性好,可作为该制剂的质量控制标准。     

HPLC法测定不同厂家三黄片中大黄素与大黄酚的含量

目的:建立三黄片中大黄素和大黄酚的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定三黄片中大黄素和大黄酚的含量.色谱条件:Hypersil ODS2 C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1％磷酸(85∶15),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为254 nm,柱温,30℃.结果:大黄素峰面积与进样量在0.024～0.12 μg范围内,有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为98.67％,RSD为2.00％(n=6);大黄酚峰面积与进样量在0.058～0.29 μg范围内,有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 5),平均回收率为98.99％,RSD为1.68％(n=6).结论:该方法操作简单、准确、可靠,可用于三黄片中大黄素与大黄酚含量的测定.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.