普拉洛芬联合氯米龙滴眼液对预防LASEK术后Haze的意义

目的 探讨普拉洛芬联合氟米龙滴眼液在准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)术后的临床应用价值.方法 选取行LASEK治疗的120例240眼近视患者,随机分为两组,每组60例120眼.对照组术后单用氟米龙滴眼液点眼,试验组术后联合应用普拉洛芬与氟米龙滴眼液点眼,观察两组术后角膜刺激症状及术后并发症角膜雾状混浊(haze)发生情况.结果 治疗组的角膜刺激症状在术后3d内较对照组明显减轻,两组间比较具有显著性差异(P＜0.05),而术后第5～7d两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后两组不同时期haze发生情况,试验组明显低于对照组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 普拉洛芬与氟米龙滴眼液联合应用能显著减轻LASEK术后炎症反应,缓解术后早期角膜刺激症状,有效预防haze的发生及发展.     

早期激素冲击疗法治疗LASEK术后Haze形成的临床研究

目的研究准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)术后激素冲击疗法治疗角膜上皮下混浊(Haze)的效果。方法65例127眼分为实验组和对照组,在LASEK术后采用不同的给药方法,观察Haze形成及视力、眼压情况。结果两组术后10天均有Haze出现,术后1、3、6个月Haze发生率差异有高度显著性(P均<0.01),术后12个月差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组术后不同时期的裸眼视力和眼压差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论激素冲击疗法治疗LASEK术后Haze形成安全有效,可以推广应用。     

LASEK术后角膜上皮下雾状混浊防治的临床观察

目的 分析准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis,LASEK)后的角膜上皮下雾状混浊(Haze)的病例,探讨其发生原因及预防、治疗措施。 方法 回顾性研究2013年6月1日—12月31日期间50例92眼行LASEK术后,随诊12个月的病例,分析术后是否发生Haze,发生Haze的严重程度及治疗措施。 结果 术后发生Haze 36眼(39.1%),平均(0.81±0.48)级,其中20眼为屈光度大于-5.0 D。经过局部应用非甾体抗炎药联合皮质类固醇药物,同时叮嘱患者术后眼部防晒等措施,术后6个月后患者角Haze 3眼(3.3%),平均0.5级。发生Haze的36眼中有15例24眼为夏季手术。 结论 LASEK是一种治疗近视,提高视力安全而有效的手术,虽然不可避免地存在一些并发症,尤其要重视可能产生的严重Haze。Haze的发生与高度近视、过敏症、自身免疫疾病、经常暴露于紫外线中等因素密切相关,术前认真地做好筛查工作,严格掌握手术适应证;完善随访制度,督促患者术后定期复查,以便及时发现Haze的产生及其发展,并根据其严重程度结合眼压状况调整用药;除了合理用药,有效的护理措施亦对减少术后Haze的发生以及提高手术的预测性和准确性有帮助。      

不同浓度丝裂霉素C对高度近视患者LASEK手术后Haze的预防效果分析

目的:探讨不同浓度丝裂霉素C(MMC)对高度近视患者LASEK手术后上皮下雾状浑浊(Haze)的预防效果。方法:选择2008年3月至2011年3月行LASEK手术治疗的屈光度(-6.25~-9.00 D)患者,共计254例496眼,随机分为0.4 mg/ml MMC组(121例239眼)和0.2 mg/ml MMC组(133例257眼),比较不同浓度MMC应用后Haze发生率。结果:0.2 mg/ml MMC组Haze发生率为9.34%,0.4 mg/ml MMC组为2.09%(P<0.05);0.2 mg/ml MMC组达到最佳矫正视力229眼,0.4 mg/ml MMC组达到最佳矫正视力232眼(P<0.05);0.2 mg/ml MMC组取镜后出现2例2眼丝状角膜炎;0.4 mg/ml MMC组未发现丝状角膜炎患者。结论:在LASEK手术中使用浓度为0.4 mg/ml的MCC可以有效预防术后Haze发生,促进患者恢复至最佳矫正视力,减少术后并发症发生,效果优于浓度为0.2 mg/ml的MMC。     

丝裂霉素C防止高度近视LASEK术后角膜雾状混浊的临床研究

目的 探讨高度近视准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)术中应用丝裂霉紊C(MMC)抑制术后角膜上皮下雾状混浊(Haze)的疗效.方法 218例436眼行LASEK术的高度近视患者随机分为两组:MMC组112例224眼及对照组106例212眼.MMC组在激光切削完毕后用浸有0.02%MMC的棉片覆于角膜切削区40～60s;对照组采用常规LASEK手术.术后早期观察眼部刺激症状及角膜上皮愈合情况;1、3、6、12个月复查视力、屈光度、角膜Haze及角膜地形图.结果 两组上皮愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后1、3、12个月,两组Haze分级≥0.5级以上发生率比较,MMC组明显低于对照组(P＜0.01),未出现2级及2级以上的Haze;术后1年两组达最佳矫正视力者差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但MMC组中高于及低于最佳矫正视力1行的眼数与对照组相比.差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);MMC组术后1个月与1年的角膜曲率差异无统计学意义,而对照组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 LASEK术中应用低浓度MMC能有效抑制高度近视LASEK术后角膜Haze的产生,防止屈光状态回退,有助于视力的提高.     

准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术矫治高度近视

目的评价准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)矫治高度近视的疗效。方法选取高度近视患者27例(54眼),术前近视等效球镜为-6.00~-14.00 D,平均(-8.75±1.27)D。观察术后角膜上皮修复时间、术后视力、角膜上皮下雾状混浊(Haze)、角膜地形图及屈光度数,随访时间为6个月。结果所有术眼术中及术后均无严重并发症发生。术后角膜上皮修复时间平均为(3.71±0.26)d。术后3 d,裸眼视力≥0.5者48眼(88.9%),≥0.8者19眼(35.2%),术后7 d,裸眼视力≥0.5者54眼(100.0%),≥0.8者47眼(87.0%),术后6个月,裸眼视力均达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力。术后1、3、6个月等效球镜均在-0.50~ 0.50 D之间,术后1、3、6个月角膜Haze发生率分别为13眼(24.1%)、7眼(13.0%)、2眼(3.7%),但均小于2级,不影响视力恢复。结论LASEK治疗高度近视视力恢复好且稳定,无明显角膜上皮下雾状混浊及屈光回退。     

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术矫正高度近视的临床观察

目的观察准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)矫正高度近视的疗效与安全性。方法对61例(120眼)进行LASEK手术的高度近视患者,术后随访6个月,观察术后症状、裸眼和最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜愈合程度、视觉质量和并发症。结果LASEK术后6周裸眼视力≥0.6者占100%,裸眼视力≥1.0者占94%。平均角膜上皮愈合时间1~5d。术后3眼(2.5%)出现Haze,0.5级2眼,1.0级1眼。1例患者出现眩光。结论如何更好的保留上皮瓣的活力,减少角膜上皮下雾状浑浊(Haze)的发生,是LASEK矫正高度近视取得良好疗效的关键。     

LASEK和LASIK治疗中高度近视1年结果的对比分析

目的比较准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗中高度近视的临床效果.方法中高度近视58例115眼,分为LASEK组治疗28例55眼,LASIK组治疗30例60眼.术后1周,1、3、6和12个月随访检查视力、屈光度、角膜地形图和角膜雾状混浊(Haze)等并发症.结果术后12个月,裸眼视力≥0.5、≥1.0者,两组间无显著性差异(P＞0.05);术前最大散光轴度与术后12个月的轴度比较,≤±15°者,LASEK组明显多于LASIK组(P＜0.05),≥±30°者,LASEK组明显少于LASIK组(P＜0.05);角膜地形图分析平均角膜中央屈光力与周边屈光力的差异,LASEK组(1.30D)明显小于LASIK组(1.63D),P＜0.01);LASEK组角膜Haze明显高于LASIK组角膜层间混浊(P＜0.01),但均为对视力无影响的＜0.5级的混浊.结论LASEK治疗中高度近视效果好,避免了角膜瓣相关的并发症,有可能成为今后主要的屈光手术方法.     

LASEK治疗近视眼的临床观察

目的评价准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术（Laser epithelial keratomileusis,LASEK）治疗近视眼的安全性和有效性。方法应用LASEK治疗近视眼139例（271眼）,分别观察术后第1,3,7天,1个月、3个月、6个月、1年的眼部症状、屈光状态、视力、眼压、角膜曲率、角膜并发症等情况。结果接受LASEK手术的139例（271眼）在术后1～2 d内均有不同程度的异物感、畏光、流泪等不适症状,角膜上皮水肿,3～7 d后消失。术后1个月屈光状态与术前的屈光度、术后Haze密切相关,多数病例术后7～10 d裸眼视力达到或接近术前矫正视力,术后1年99.3%的病例视力达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力,83%的病例术后裸眼视力≥1.0,33.2%的病例术后裸眼视力高于术前最佳矫正视力。部分病例术后发生的Haze随时间的延长逐渐消退或明显减轻。非接触式眼压计测量术后眼压（9.67±0.42）mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）。术后角膜曲率（38.47±2.33）较术前（44.05±1.21）明显减小（P〈0.01）,未发现圆锥角膜病例,术中11眼剥离角膜上皮瓣困难,6眼改行PRK,5眼2个月后再次行LASEK。结论 LASEK治疗近视眼适应证宽,尤其适用于角膜厚度较薄、曲率较大的病例,避免了相关的并发症,安全有效。     

LASEK术中去瓣与留瓣治疗高度近视的疗效比较

目的比较准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)术中去除与保留角膜上皮瓣矫治近视的临床效果.研究对象 LASEK手术患者30例(60眼).方法对接受LASEK手术的30例(60眼)患者纳入本研究,随机选择15例(30眼)行去上皮瓣LASEK (去瓣组);选择15例(30眼)行常规保留上皮瓣LASEK (留瓣组).术后随访6个月,主要指标术后刺激症状、角膜上皮愈合时间、术后最佳矫正视力及角膜上皮下雾状混浊(haze)程度.结果去上皮瓣LASEK眼术后(第1天)疼痛较轻、角膜上皮愈合时间短、角膜上皮瓣状态好、并发症少.结论去瓣LASEK较留瓣LASEK角膜愈合快,患者疼痛轻,术后最佳矫正视力与Haze形成无明显差异.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.