血清CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125联合检测在非小细胞肺癌中的诊断价值

目的探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19可溶性片段(CYFRA21-1)及糖类抗原125(CA125)联合检测诊断非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的价值。方法选择45例NSCLC患者纳入观察组,并选择同期40例肺部良性病变患者纳入对照组,2组患者均检测CEA、CYFRA21-1及CA125水平,分析单项及联合检测的特异度、灵敏度、准确度。结果观察组CEA、CYFRA21-1及CA125水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05);相较于CEA、CYFRA21-1及CA125单项检测,联合检测的阳性检出率更高,差异具有统计学意义(P 0. 05);相较于单项检测,联合检测的特异度、灵敏度、准确度均较高。结论应用血清CEA、CYFRA21-1及CA125联合检测对NSCLC具有较高的诊断价值,可为临床诊断、预后判断提供可靠依据。     

CT联合血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1在非小细胞肺癌诊断中的应用研究

目的探究CT联合血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)诊断中的临床价值。方法选取邢台冶金医院收治的98例NSCLC患者作为NSCLC组,患者均经病理证实,另选取肺部良性病组82例作为良性组,所有患者均进行CT检测,采用ELISA法对血清中CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1水平进行检测,以病理结果作为"金标准",对比患者CT、血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1单项检测以及四者联合检测诊断效能。结果 CT检测显示NSCLC组患者增强扫描后30、75、180sCT强化值均高于良性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),判定NSCLC的准确度为87.78%,灵敏度为82.65%,特异度为93.90%。NSCLC组、腺癌组、鳞癌组血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1水平均高于良性组,腺癌组CEA、CA125水平均高于鳞癌组,CYFRA21-1水平低于鳞癌组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。CEA、CA125在诊断腺癌患者中灵敏度、准确度均高于鳞癌,CYFRA21-1在诊断鳞癌中的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均高于腺癌,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在NSCLC、鳞癌、腺癌中,联合检测的准确度、灵敏度均高于单项检测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 CT在NSCLC检测中诊断效能较好,联合血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1后诊断效能进一步提高,为临床NSCLC诊断提供一定的参考。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在非小细胞肺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)和血清铁蛋白(SF)联合检测在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)诊断和鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 采用化学发光免疫分析法检测52例NSCLC患者(NSCLC组),35例肺部良性疾病患者(肺部良性疾病组)及44例健康体检者(对照组)血清中NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125、CA19-9和SF的水平,并进行统计学分析。结果 NSCLC组血清中NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、CA125、CA19-9和SF的检测水平均明显高于肺部良性疾病组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);腺癌患者CEA水平明显高于鳞癌患者,鳞癌患者CYFRA21-1的水平明显高于腺癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);6项肿瘤标志物联合检测NSCLC的灵敏度为96.2%,特异性为87.3%,准确性为90.8%,均优于任何单项肿瘤标志物检测。结论 肿瘤标志物联合检测对NSCLC的辅助诊断有一定价值,可明显提高诊断灵敏度和准确性。     

血清TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1联合检测对非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨联合检测血清中胸苷激酶1(TK1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白片段19抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)诊断的临床意义。方法分别检测52例NSCLC患者血清TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1水平,并与67例健康者(健康对照组)进行对比分析。结果 NSCLC患者血清中TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1水平明显高于健康对照组(P0.01)。NSCLC患者血清TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1的阳性率分别为67.31%、48.08%、36.54%,均显著高于健康对照组(P0.01),其中对肺腺癌、肺鳞癌敏感性最高的标志物分别为CEA(75.86%)和CYFRA21-1(78.26%)。TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1联合检测可将灵敏度提高到80.77%。结论 TK1、CEA、CYFRA21-1联合检测能提高NSCLC诊断的阳性率,并对期病理分型有一定的参考作用。     

血清SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199水平在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的价值

目的研究血清鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCC-Ag)、细胞角蛋白19(CYFRA21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原199(CA199)水平在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的价值。方法选取80例非小细胞肺癌患者(观察组)和80名健康体检者(对照组)作为研究对象,检测并比较两组的SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199水平,分析其联合诊断的价值。结果观察组的SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组中腺癌患者和鳞癌患者的SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA199水平有显著差异(P<0.05)。SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199联合诊断的阳性率高于单一诊断(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论SCC-Ag、CYFRA21-1、NSE、CEA、CA125、CA199水平联合检测在非小细胞肺癌诊治中的应用价值显著,能早期明确疾病,为患者后期治疗提供依据。     

血清铁蛋白联合4种肿瘤标记物早期诊断老年肺癌的价值研究

目的探讨分析血清铁蛋白(SF)联合4种肿瘤标记物早期诊断老年肺癌的临床价值。方法选择185例老年早期肺癌患者作为肺癌组,60例老年良性肺病患者作为良性肺病组,健康老年人50例作为健康对照组,3组受试者血清SF、糖类抗原125(CA125)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)表达及灵敏度、特异度进行比较,ROC曲线分析各指标诊断价值。结果肺癌组SF、CA125、CEA、NSE及CYFRA21-1均高于良性肺病组及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而良性肺病组与健康对照组SF、CA125、CEA、NSE及CYFRA21-1比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SF、NSE以小细胞肺癌患者最高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),CA125、CEA以腺癌患者最高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),CYFRA21-1以鳞癌患者最高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与各指标单一诊断比较,5种指标联合检测灵敏度升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而特异度无变化,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SF、CA125、CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1诊断ROC曲线下面积分别为0.808、0.762、0.761、0.712、0.781,5项指标联合诊断ROC曲线下面积为0.915。结论 SF联合4种肿瘤标记物可提高早期老年肺癌患者诊断灵敏度,有效提高患者诊断价值,从而有助于患者临床预后的改善。     

血清miRNA-21与肿瘤标志物CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE对早期非小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨miRNA-21与CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE对早期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的诊断价值。方法以50例NSCLC患者作为病例组、60例健康人为对照组,检测所有研究对象的血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白片段21-1(CYFRA21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及miRNA-21(miR-21)水平。结果病例组血清CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、miR-21水平均显著高于对照组(P0.01)。CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、miR-21诊断NSCLC患者的受试者特征工作曲线(ROC曲线)下面积(AUC)分别为0.918、0.826、0.853、0.866,以CEA诊断效能最高。TNMⅠ-Ⅱ期的NSCLC患者血清miR-21水平、血清CYFRA21-1水平均低于TNMⅢ-Ⅳ期的患者(P0.05)。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,早期NSCLC(TNMⅠ-Ⅱ期)的发生与血清CYFRA21-1水平、血清miR-21水平均具有相关性(P0.05)。CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、miR-21诊断早期NSCLC的AUC分别为0.752、0.806、0.843、0.882,miR-21诊断早期NSCLC的效能最高。单独应用血清CYFRA21-1水平检测、单独应用血清miR-21水平检测和联合应用两种血清标志物检测的AUC分别为0.843、0.872和0.909。结论 NSCLC患者血清miRNA-21与CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE表达异常,血清miR-21水平对于早期NSCLC的诊断效能较高,可作为辅助诊断的重要血清标志物,将其与血清CYFRA21-1水平进行联合检测,可提高其诊断效能。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测对小细胞肺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、糖类抗原(carbohydrate antigen,CA)125、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、非小细胞肺癌抗原(cytokeratin 19fragment,CYFRA21-1)联合检测对小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)的诊断价值。方法 SCLC患者51例(SCLC组)和同期体检健康者25例(对照组),采用电化学发光法检测2组血清NSE、CA125、CEA、CYFRA21-1、CA19-9、CA72-4水平,应用ROC曲线进行分析和评价。结果 SCLC组NSE[(60.22±19.62)μg/L]、CA125[(49.79±9.78)u/mL]、CEA[(6.46±1.02)μg/L]、CYFRA21-1[(3.95±0.85)μg/L]高于对照组[(13.47±4.41)μg/L、(11.49±3.32)u/mL、(1.93±0.75)μg/L、(2.14±0.64)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),SCLC组CA19-9[(15.28±4.39)u/mL]、CA72-4[(2.89±0.36)u/mL]与对照组[(8.42±1.03)u/mL、(1.82±0.41)u/mL]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清NSE、CA125、CEA、CYFRA21-1在SCLC组的AUC分别为0.905、0.853、0.778、0.705;ROC曲线分析显示NSE、CA125、CEA、CYFRA21-1的临床诊断临界点分别为23.23μg/L、19.71 u/mL、2.64μg/L、3.24μg/L,单项检测时,NSE、CA125、CEA、CYFRA21-1的灵敏性分别为74.51%、64.71%、64.71%、50.98%,特异性分别为100.00%、96.00%、88.00%、92.00%,4项指标联合检测时灵敏性为94.12%,特异性为84.00%。结论血清NSE是诊断SCLC的一个较理想指标;检测血清NSE、CA125、CEA、CYFRA21-1水平对诊断SCLC有重要意义,4项联合检测灵敏度较单项检测升高,但特异性下降。     

联合检测CEA、CA125、CYF21-1和NSE用于肺癌诊断

目的 探讨血清肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19血清片段21-1(CYFRA21-1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖类抗原125(CA125)在肺癌临床诊断中的价值.方法 采用电化学发光法检测116例肺癌患者及68例健康对照者血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE和CA125的水平.结果 肺癌组血清4项...     

应用ROC曲线评价CA19-9、CA125、CEA联合检测对肝内胆管细胞癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨血清CA19-9、CA125、cEA联合检测对肝内胆管细胞癌的诊断价值.方法:应用受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)对34例肝内胆管细胞癌和40例健康体检者进行联合检测CA19-9、CA125、CEA 4种肿瘤标记物的结果进行分析和评价.应用免疫放射测定法检测CA19-9、CA125浓度,放射免疫分析法检测CEA浓度.结果:(1)肝内胆管细胞癌的血清CA19.9、CA125、cEA水平明显高于健康体检者(P<0.01).(2)CA19-9、CA125、CEA在肝内胆管细胞癌的曲线下面积分别为0.862、0.845、0.841.根据ROC曲线分析,CA19-9、CA125和CEA的临床诊断临界点分剐为21.82、25.36、3.15 U/mL.(3)单项检测时,CA19-9、CA125和CEA的灵敏度分别为76.47%、67.65%及61.76%,其中以CA19-9的灵敏度最高.联合检测以CA19.9+CA125+CEA灵敏度最高.结论:检测CA19-9、CA125、CEA对诊断肝内胆管细胞癌有重要意义.CA19-9对肝内胆管细胞癌的诊断效率优于其他两种肿瘤标记物.综合评价3种肿瘤标记物联合检测的灵敏度、特异度、正确率及经济学要求,最佳联合组合为CA19-9+CA125+CEA.     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.