Brain metastasis from pheochromocytoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A.

Neurological involvement in multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome is uncommon. Notalgia paresthetica (pruritus localized in an area between D2 and D6 dermatomes) is the neurological symptom more frequently described in patients with MEN 2A. The authors report the unusual case of a MEN 2A patient with a brain metastasis from a pheochromocytoma.     

席汉综合征行体外受精与胚胎移植助孕术的观察

试管婴儿是通过体外受精与胚胎移植(IVF-ET)这一辅助生育技术来帮助一些妊娠困难的夫妇生育孩子的新技术.近期我科收治1例席汉综合征患者行"IVF-ET”助孕术并发了卵巢过度刺激征(OHSS),后已诊断为临床妊娠成功.现将治疗与护理体会报告如下. 患者27岁,席汉综合征,闭经1年后予以雌孕激素序贯治疗2年.并于2000年6月撤血后第4天用HMG 150 U*d-1肌肉注射促排卵治疗,治疗后卵泡生长良好,获卵9枚.ET 后给人绒毛膜促性腺素(HCG)2000 IU肌肉注射1次,维持其黄体功能.并嘱患者2日后来院检查决定是否再用HCG,患者未遵医嘱,擅自在家肌注HCG,ET后第5天,患者腹胀、胸闷、恶心.经B超提示有腹水、少量胸水.立即行白蛋白静滴、放腹水、抗炎等治疗,临床症状消失出院.停经49天后B超监测示子宫腔内有孕囊,并见胎心搏动,确诊为临床妊娠. 术前患者应加强心理治疗.不孕症患者在接受治疗时对手术成功常抱有极大希望,而且情绪敏感;情绪的变化能影响卵泡的发育.故患者需要一个较为稳定的心理环境接受治疗.医护人员应有针对性地予以心理治疗,向患者介绍治疗的全过程以及应用药物治疗的意义,给患者有一定的思想准备,能更好地配合治疗.避免穿刺点发生感染,取卵的前两日给病人以生理盐水冲洗阴道,手术过程中严密无菌操作.取卵与移植术后嘱病人卧床6 h,移植后取仰卧位时将臀部略抬高,以利于受精卵在子宫腔内着床.     

Treatment with praziquantel in a patient with schistosomiasis and chronic renal failure

The pharmacokinetics of praziquantel in a uraemic patient, infected with Schistosoma haematobium, undergoing haemodialysis, was studied by repeated analyses of serum, urine and dialysis fluid. The results indicate the possibility of treating advanced cases of infection with S. haematobium with the normally recommended doses.     

Bladder pheochromocytoma: case presentation and the use of OctreoScan for localization of extra-adrenal tumor sites in a pediatric patient

An eleven year old boy presented with headaches and dizziness associated to micturition. On radiologic imaging, he was found with a bladder mass. The biochemical work up was suggestive of pheochromocytoma. An OctreoScan (111In-pentreotide) was used to rule out metastatic extension or other extra-adrenal locations of the pheochromocytoma. OctreoScan data correlated well with other radiologic studies, operative findings and with the final diagnosis, validating its use on pediatric patients.     

MRI of pheochromocytoma

MRI features of 8 patients were reviewed and correlated with pathological findings. It was characteristic finding that the intensity of pheochromocytoma on T2-weighted image and proton image was very high. The detectability of pheochromocytoma by MRI and CT was almost equal and MRI was also useful for determining aberrant pheochromocytoma. MRI was more helpful for detection of necrotic lesion than CT. We considered that the double ring sign on MRI was characteristic for pheochromocytoma. In the cases which are difficult for diagnosis, other diagnostic studies such as endocrine and other imaging studies are necessary.     

Symptomatic pheochromocytoma with normal urinary catecholamine metabolites

A 61-year old female presented with paroxysmal hypertension and a 4.5cm left adrenal mass on CT scan. Repeated measurements of 24-hour urinary fractionated metanephrines, total catecholamines and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) were within normal range. A further scintigraphic study with (131)I -metaiodobenzylguanidine ((131)I-MIBG) revealed selective concentration of the radiotracer, corresponding to the CT mass. After adequate preoperative treatment, successful surgical excision of the tumor was performed and the pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a cystic pheochromocytoma with a 2cm solid tumor. On reevaluation three months later using (131)I-MIBG, no evidence of remaining or recurrent disease was found. The patient, off any antihypertensive medication, reported mild recurrent hypertension and panic attacks that were adequately controlled with antidepressants. This is a rare case of a symptomatic pheochromocytoma without elevated urine catecholamines and metanephrines. According to the literature, plasma free metanephrines would be the ideal test for biochemical detection of the tumor. However, in the event that they are not available and there is a high clinical suspicion for the presence of pheochromocytoma, as in our patient, we suggest performance of a functional nuclear medicine study, such as (131)I-MIBG, to confirm the clinical diagnosis.     

Treatment of recurrent gastrointestinal haemorrhage in a patient with von Willebrand's disease with administration of octreotide LAR and propranolol

We report a patient with von Willebrand' s disease who had had recurrent and life-threatening bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract. Despite extensive investigation, no apparent cause of haemorrhage was identified. He was successfully treated with combined administration of octreotide LAR (long-acting release) and propranolol. This is the first report on the successful use of octreotide LAR in a patient with von Willebrand' s disease.     

重型颅脑损伤中的弥漫性轴索损伤的诊治

目的:探讨重型颅脑损伤中弥漫性轴索损伤的诊断与治疗.方法:对收治的48例重型颅脑损伤中弥漫性轴索损伤病人进行回顾性总结.结果:48例弥漫性轴索损伤存活22例(45.8%),其中恢复良好和中残10例(20.8%),重残12例(25%);死亡26例(54.2%).结论:重型颅脑损伤中的弥漫性轴索损伤的病死率较高,早期诊治是抢救成功的关键.