CT引导下肺内孤立性病变经皮穿刺活检并发症的分析

目的分析肺外围型孤立病变CT引导下经皮穿刺活检并发症的原因。方法选取2002-10～2004-10连续2年内的所有肺内外围型孤立病变行CT引导下肺穿刺活检的患者71例,回顾性研究总结穿刺活检的并发症发生率与年龄、性别、穿刺针所经肺组织深度、肿块周围有无肺气肿表现、穿刺的次数、穿刺针的粗细等几个方面的关系。结果并发症共26例次,气胸3例(4.23%),肺内出血9例(12.67%),出现血痰或血痰加重13例(18.3%),胸膜反应1例(1.41%)。经统计学分析,并发症的发生与穿刺针所经肺组织深度、病变周围肺气肿及穿刺次数和穿刺针的粗细有明显的相关性。结论CT引导下肺内病变经皮穿刺活检并发症以血痰最常见。病灶离胸膜的间距、病灶周围肺气肿、穿刺次数及穿刺针粗细是经皮穿刺肺活检并发症的危险因素。     

螺旋CT引导下经皮肺穿刺气胸发生率的分析

目的 分析影响螺旋CT引导下经皮肺穿刺气胸发生率的因素.资料与方法搜集2006年11月至2009年8月行螺旋CT引导下经皮肺穿刺者68例,分析其气胸发生的相关因素并进行统计学分析.结果 68例中,少量气胸10例(14.7%),大量气胸3例(4%)(一侧肺压缩60%以上),咳血2例(3%),余53例无症状或有轻微胸痛.气胸的发生与病灶的大小、深度、肺气肿、穿刺针的粗细及穿刺次数有相关性.结论 对位置较深的肺内小病灶进行穿刺时如合并有肺气肿,术前应充分考虑到发生气胸的可能性较大,选用细穿刺针及减少穿刺次数可降低气胸的发生率.     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症的影响因素分析

目的探讨CT定位下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症发生的影响因素。方法 CT引导下应用意大利PRECISA 18 G切割针对110例患者行经皮肺穿刺活检术,将患者的年龄、性别、病灶大小、切割组织块的多少、穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症、慢性肺部病变等相关因素分为不同等级资料,卡方分析不同等级资料之间并发症发生率有无差异性,Logistic回归分析并发症发生的独立危险因素。结果 110例患者术后出现出血28例(占25.5%),气胸27例(占24.5%),卡方分析显示术后出血在病灶大小、病灶深度、穿刺时间及病灶周围炎症之不同组别之间存在差异性(P<0.05);术后气胸在穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、慢性肺部病变之不同组间之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示病灶大小、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症在出血并发症中具独立危险因素,穿刺时间、穿刺胸膜的次数、慢性肺部病变在气胸并发症中具独立危险因素。结论肺穿刺活检术并发症的发生与病灶大小、穿刺胸膜次数、穿刺时间、病灶深度、病灶周围炎症、慢性肺部病变等相关。     

经皮肺活检常见并发症风险因素分析

目的分析CT引导下同轴活检肺内病变的并发症及其影响因素。方法总结江苏省无锡市第二人民医院放射科收治的201例经皮肺活检患者资料,分析患者的年龄、性别、病灶大小、位置、深度、穿刺次数、患者体位、是否伴有肺气肿及手术经验对于气胸和出血发生率的影响。结果本组经皮肺活检主要并发症是气胸和出血,其中发生气胸48例(23.9%),出血23例(11.4%),无死亡病例,行胸腔闭塞引流10例。单因素分析显示病灶大小(P=0.002)、病灶深度(P<0.001)、穿刺次数(P<0.01)、肺气肿(P=0.015)及手术经验(P=0.001)与气胸的发生显著相关,而病灶深度(P<0.01)、穿刺次数(P<0.01)及手术经验(P=0.005)与出血的发生显著相关。Logistic回归分析显示穿刺次数(OR=5.796,P=0.000)、病灶深度(OR=1.902,P=0.02)、有无肺气肿(OR=2.753,P=0.021)为气胸发生的危险因素,有手术经验(OR=0.396,P=0.022)为气胸发生的保护因素;而穿刺次数(OR=8.401,P=0.000),病灶深度(OR=2.493,P=0.010)是出血的危险因素,有手术经验(OR=0.313,P=0.047)为出血的保护因素。结论穿刺次数是气胸及出血发生的最主要的风险因素,穿刺次数超过2次显著增加了气胸及出血的发生率。     

CT导引下3 cm以下肺结节切割针活检的价值

目的评价多排螺旋CT引导下经皮肺切割针活检直径≤3 cm肺结节的价值.方法 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检肺部病灶直径≤3 cm结节81例,用意大利或美国20 G活检针对病灶至少穿刺取材2次.结果肺结节穿刺准确率达100%,病理证实恶性病灶56例,良性病灶24例;其中结节太小取材少不能定性1例,诊断准确率为98.76%.并发症中发生气胸12例(14.81%)、咯血15例(18.52%),穿刺针通过肺大泡而没有引起气胸1例,无严重并发症发生.结论 CT引导经皮穿刺直径≤3 cm肺部结节活检的准确性高且发生并发症较低,可作为肺内3 cm以下孤立性结节灶在临床治疗前病理诊断的首选方法.     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺切割活检发生气胸及需要闭式引流的多因素分析

目的回顾性分析粗针穿刺活检术后气胸发生的相关危险因素,提高经皮肺穿刺粗针活检的安全性。方法528例使用18G切割活检针CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的病例纳入研究、分析。拟评估的与气胸和胸腔闭式引流发生相关的危险因素包括年龄、性别、有无肺气肿、病变短径、深度(穿刺路径经过胸膜下正常肺组织长度、是否贴邻胸膜)、体位、术者、穿刺次数。所有因素使用单因素分析及Logistic多因素回归分析,进行独立危险因素分析。结果全部病例中33.7%(178/528)发生气胸,3.2%(17/528)需要胸腔闭式引流。气胸发生的独立危险因素包括有肺气肿(P=0.000)、病灶不贴邻胸膜(P=0.000)、俯卧位或侧卧位穿刺(P=0.001)以及多次穿刺(P=0.008);气胸闭式引流的独立危险因素包括有肺气肿(P=0.000)、病灶不贴邻胸膜(P=0.030)、俯卧位或侧卧位穿刺(P=0.022)。结论气胸是CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术后的常见并发症,其中部分病例需要胸腔闭式引流治疗。肺气肿、病灶不贴邻胸膜、俯卧位或侧卧位穿刺既是气胸的发生也是需要胸腔闭式引流的独立危险因素。     

CT引导下细针穿刺活检对肺部空洞性病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮细针穿刺活检在肺部空洞性肿块中的诊断价值.方法 97例肺内孤立性肿块或结节伴有空洞的患者,进行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,以手术病理或1年随访的最终诊断为标准,计算CT穿刺活检的诊断准确率,比较不同病灶大小及空洞壁厚度下CT穿刺活检的诊断敏感度、特异度及准确率,并采用Logistic回归分析CT穿刺活检并发症的危险因素.结果 CT穿刺活检的敏感度、特异度及准确率分别为97.4％,90.0％及95.9％,不同大小病灶(直径＜2 cm或≥2 cm)、不同空洞壁厚度(＜5或≥5 mm)其敏感度、特异度及准确率无统计学差异(P＞0.05).9例(9.3％)CT穿刺后出现少量气胸,14例(14.4％)出现少许肺泡出血,穿刺并发症与病灶大小、空洞壁厚度、针道深度及穿刺针大小无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 CT引导下经皮细针穿刺活检安全,对肺部空洞性病变的诊断准确性高.     

超声引导下经皮肺穿刺并发症及相关因素分析

【摘要】 目的 分析超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术并发症及其影响因素。方法 2017年6月至2020年1月于超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的病例193例,统计并分析并发症的发生与患者的性别、年龄、病灶部位、大小、病理结果、穿刺方式及切割次数的关系。结果 193例中出现并发症的患者共42例（21.8%）。其中气胸14例（7.3%）,咯血14例（7.3%）,胸膜反应12例（6.2%）,穿刺部位疼痛5例（2.6%）。并发症相关因素分析可知:并发症的发生与患者的年龄、病灶部位及病灶大小相关（P＜0.05）。结论 患者的年龄、病灶部位、大小会影响超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症的发生率。     

病灶因素对CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症发生率的影响

目的:探讨CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症发生率与病灶大小、深度和部位之间的关系。方法:复习CT导向下肺部病变穿刺活检184例,所有病灶按大小分为≥3cm(122个)和<3cm(62个)两组,按病灶深度分为≥2cm(98个)和<2cm(86个)两组,按病灶部位分为上肺野(28个)、中肺野(61个)和下肺野(95个)3组,分别统计各组的并发症发生率。结果:直径<3cm病灶的并发症发生率(气胸19.23%,出血44.19%)明显高于≥3cm病灶(气胸5.17%,出血15.09%,P<0.05);深度≥2cm病灶的并发症发生率(气胸13.27%,出血25.51%)显著高于<2cm者(气胸3.49%,出血11.63%,P<0.05);不同肺野病灶的并发症发生率之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:病灶大小和深度是影响CT导向下经皮肺穿刺活检并发症发生率的主要因素。     

CT引导下肺病变穿刺活检病理假阴性的影响因素分析

目的 探讨分析CT引导下影响肺病变穿刺活检病理假阴性的相关因素,提出手术切除针对性的应对措施。方法 选取2018年10月～2020年1月CT引导下肺部病灶第一次穿刺活检结果显示阴性,再次穿刺或是气管镜检查后确诊的53例恶性肿瘤患者,并随机选取首次穿刺病理结果为真阳性的病例87例做对照,从临床特征、病灶特点和穿刺技术三方面分别对这二组病例进行回顾性分析,总结影响假阴性的各类因素,并用统计学分析。结果 病灶部位与大小、有无气胸与坏死,假阴性组相比真阳性组有显著的差异性;但是,两组在年龄、性别、病灶类型与深度、穿刺体位、深度、角度、次数与穿刺针类型等基本资料相比差异无统计学意义。结论 病灶部位与大小、有无气胸或是坏死,均为经皮肺穿刺后出现假阴性的诱发因素。     

CT-guided needle biopsy of the lung: factors affecting risk of complications

PURPOSE: To analyze factors influencing the risk of complications associated with CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for lung lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients, aged 24-85 years (37 men and 23 women), underwent CT-guided needle biopsy. A definite diagnosis was made in 49 of 60 cases (81.7%), including 38 of 43 malignant lesions (88.4%) and 11 of 17 benign lesions (64.7%). Complications associated with biopsy were observed in 35 patients (58.3%). Major complications included pneumothorax (n = 26) and pulmonary hemorrhage (n = 20). Chest tube placement was needed in 5 (19.2%) of 26 pneumothorax cases (8.3% of all biopsies). RESULTS: The high frequency of pneumothorax (43.3%) in this series had several contributing factors, including the presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung. Chest tube replacement was necessary more frequently in patients with pulmonary emphysema. The number of pleural passes, location of lesions, and size of needles were not correlated with the incidence of pneumothorax. CONCLUSION: The presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung are the predominant risk factors for pneumothorax in patients with CT-guided lung biopsy.     

Variables affecting the risk of pneumothorax and intrapulmonal hemorrhage in CT-guided transthoracic biopsy

The influence of various variables on the rate of pneumothorax and intrapulmonal hemorrhage associated with computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle biopsy of the lung were evaluated retrospectively. One hundred and thirty-three patients underwent CT guided biopsy of a pulmonary lesion. Two patients were biopsied twice. Variables analyzed were lesion size, lesion location, number of pleural needle passes, lesion margin, length of intrapulmonal biopsy path and puncture time. Eighteen-gauge (18G) cutting needles (Trucut, Somatex, Teltow, Germany) were used for biopsy. Pneumothorax occurred in 23 of 135 biopsies (17%). Chest tube placement was required in three out of 23 cases of pneumothorax (2% of all biopsies). Pneumothorax rate was significantly higher when the lesions were located in the lung parenchyma compared with locations at the pleura or chest wall (P < 0.05), but all pneumothorax cases which required chest tube treatment occurred in lesions located less than 2 cm from the pleura. Longer puncture time led to an increase in pneumothorax rate (P < 0.05). Thirty-seven (27%) out of 135 biopsies showed perifocal hemorrhage. Intrapulmonal biopsy paths longer than 4 cm showed significantly higher numbers of perifocal hemorrhage and pneumothorax (P < 0.05). Significantly more hemorrhage occurred when the pleura was penetrated twice during the puncture (P < 0.05). Lesion size <4 cm is strongly correlated with higher occurrence of perifocal hemorrhage (P < 0.05). Lesion margination showed no significant effect on complication rate. CT-guided biopsy of smaller lesions correlates with a higher bleeding rate. Puncture time should be minimized to reduce pneumothorax rate. Passing the pleura twice significantly increases the risk of hemorrhage. Intrapulmonal biopsy paths longer than 4 cm showed significantly higher numbers of perifocal hemorrhage as well as pneumothorax.     

CT联合电子水平仪技术在穿刺活检诊断肺微小结节的应用价值

目的 探讨CT联合电子水平仪引导经皮肺穿刺活检,对诊断肺部微小结节的临床价值.方法 对44例肺微小结节行CT联合电子水平仪引导下穿刺活检,术后组织送病理学检查.结节根据直径大小不同分为2组,直径为0.5～1.0 cm为A组(10例),直径为1.1～2.0 cm为B组(34例),以切除术后病理及临床诊疗后随访12月以上的诊断结果为最终结果.对比分析其敏感度、特异性、准确性及并发症,并将2组结节的诊断准确性、敏感性、特异度应用配对x 2检验进行比较,P＜0.05有显著性差异.结果 (1)44例病灶中,穿刺靶点到位率100％;总穿刺敏感度为90.9％,特异性为100％,准确性为88.6％,阳性预测值为97.5％,阴性预测值为100％.其中A组的敏感度为77.8％,特异性为100％,准确性为70.0％;B组的敏感度为94.1％,特异性为100％,准确性为94.1％;A组的敏感度、准确性均高于B组(P＜0.05),特异性无差异.(2)并发症:气胸发生率为9.1％,肺内出血发生率为11.4％,血胸发生率为2.3％,总并发症发生率为22.7％,经处理后均治愈.病灶周围有肺气肿是气胸及肺内出血的危险因素(x2=11.2、10.2,P＜0.05),而病灶部位、大小及深度均与上述并发症无关(P＞0.05).结论 对肺部微小结节病变,CT联合电子水平仪引导下经皮经肺穿刺活检是一种安全、有效、准确性高的诊断方法.     

CT引导下穿刺活检及介入治疗的临床应用(附56例分析)

目的：探讨ＣＴ引导下穿刺活检及介入治疗的临床应用价值。方法：ＣＴ引导下行诊断目的２９例,治疗目的１７例,诊断及治疗双目的的１０例病人。穿刺部位包括胸部１７例,腹部２７例,躯干及四肢１２例,共５６例６０个病灶。ＣＴ扫描确定穿刺点、角度及深度。局麻进针后,ＣＴ再次扫描确认针尖到达预定位置再进行活检取材或介入治疗。结果：６０ 个病灶穿刺６１针次,穿刺一次成功率１００％ ,确诊率９７．４％ ,治疗有效率８８．９％ ,并发症５．４％ 。结论：ＣＴ引导下穿刺活检及介入治疗属微创伤性技术,简便易行,安全有效,成功率高,并发症少。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用与结果分析

目的总结CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术的临床应用。方法采用GE—Hispeed螺旋CT机，各种型号病理穿刺针及切割针对36例胸部占位性病变，实施CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术。结果病灶直径1．5cm～10cm大小，平均3．5cm。穿刺成功35例，活检阳性率100％，并发症有气胸3例，咯血1例，术后经抗炎及止血处理，气胸很快吸收，咯血停止。结论CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术成功率高，并发症少而轻，对胸部占位性病的定性诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

Transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy: variables that affect risk of pneumothorax.

PURPOSE: To analyze the influence of multiple variables on the rate of pneumothorax and chest tube placement associated with transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy of the lung. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 346 patients, 331 computed tomographically (CT) guided and 24 fluoroscopically guided lung biopsies were performed. Variables analyzed were lesion size, depth, and location; number of pleural passes; needle size; presence of emphysema; and training level of the person who performed the biopsy. RESULTS: Pneumothorax occurred at 144 (40.4%) of 356 biopsies, including 139 (42.0%) CT-guided and five (21%) fluoroscopically guided biopsies. Chest tube placement was needed in 25 (17.4%) of 144 cases of pneumothorax (7% of all biopsies). An increased rate of pneumothorax was correlated with smaller lesion size (P = .001) and presence of emphysema (P = .01). Patients with emphysema were three times as likely to require chest tube placement. The pneumothorax rate was 15% (16 of 105) if no aerated lung was traversed and approximately 50% if aerated lung was penetrated. Lesion location, needle size, number of pleural passes, and level of training were not correlated with pneumothorax rate. CONCLUSION: Smaller lesion size and emphysema are strongly correlated with occurrence of pneumothorax. Pneumothorax was more than three times less frequent if no aerated lung was traversed. After pneumothorax, chest tube placements were related to the presence of emphysema.     

经皮肺穿刺气胸发生率分析

目的：分析了多种因素对肺穿刺活检气胸发生率的影响。方法46例病人均在X线透视引导下操作。所分析的各种因素为病灶大小、位置、穿刺次数、肺气肿及穿刺后体位。结果：46例病人中9例发生气胸（19．6％）,9例肺气肿病人中4例发生气胸（44．4％）,其中2例经胸腔置管引流治愈。10例病灶＜3cm者3例产生气胸（30％）。穿刺点向下卧位的20例中4例产生气胸（205）;剩余的26例自由卧位中5例产生气胸（19．2％）。结论：经皮肺穿活检中的病灶愈小气胸发生率愈高。肺气肿病人肺穿后气胸发生率较高,且常为症状性气胸。穿刺点向下及非向下卧位对气胸的发生率没有明显影响。     

Percutaneous needle evaluation of intradural extramedullary lesions of the lumbar spine

Summary A total of eight patients in whom five intradural extramedullary lesions and three epidural lesions were present were evaluated by percutaneous needle biopsy. In four patients the level of aspiration biopsy was determined using the initial myelogram and in those patients fluoroscopic guided percutaneous needle biopsies were performed. Three of these patients had large intradural extramedullary masses (above 1 cm); one patient had an epidural lesion. Diagnostic material was obtained in all cases (medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma). Immediate post procedure CT and clinical followup showed no complications. In three patients with small lesions (below 1 cm), post myelographic CT was used to determine the level of aspiration. Post myelographic CT showed an intradural extramedullary mass in one patient and epidural lesions in two cases. Plain CT showed a high attenuation lesion in one patient. CT guided percutaneous needle biopsies in these four patients yielded diagnostic specimens (neurofibroma, uroepithelial carcinoma, hematoma, Thorotrast deposit). Clinical follow up showed no complications. Our experience indicates that percutaneous needle biopsy of intradural extramedullary and epidural lesions of the lumbar spine is safe and efficacious. Depending upon the size of the lesions, myelography or CT can be utilized to determine the level of aspiration.     

CT导引下经皮肺组织活检术常见并发症及穿刺体会

目的分析CT导引下经皮肺组织活检术常见并发症,探讨穿刺操作技巧在减少手术并发症中的作用。方法收集2006年6月-2007年6月肺内实质性占位病灶行经皮肺肿块穿刺活检术116例,分析并发症的种类、主要并发症及其处理措施,探讨CT导引下经皮肺内肿物穿刺过程及其体会。结果116例经皮肺肿块穿刺活检术均穿刺成功。发生的并发症主要有气胸(15.5%)、穿刺道出血(10.3%),咯血(4.3%),其他(1.7%)。除1例气胸患者予以胸腔闭式引流外,余均未作特殊处理。结论CT导引下经皮肺穿刺术是一项安全有效的诊断技术。穿刺术前病灶评估、术中精确定位及正确训练患者呼吸运动以配合穿刺操作可减少并发症。