锌缺乏对生长期大鼠外周血淋巴细胞表型及亚群分布的影响

目的 :　观察膳食锌缺乏对生长期大鼠外周血淋巴细胞表型及 Th1 /Th2 (Th,辅助 T细胞 )平衡的影响。方法 :　通过喂食锌含量不同的饲料 ,构建生长期缺锌大鼠模型 ;淋巴细胞表型检测采用双色免疫荧光流式细胞术分析。结果 :　与锌充足组 (ZA)和配饲组 (PF)相比 ,缺锌组(ZD)大鼠外周血淋巴细胞中 CD8+细胞 (细胞毒性 T细胞 )明显增多 ,而 CD4+细胞 (辅助 T细胞 )和 CD45 RA+细胞 (纯的 B淋巴细胞 )显著减少。而且锌缺乏选择性地使 Th1 (CD45 RC+CD4+)细胞减少 ,而 Th2 (CD45 RC- CD4+)细胞不减少。补锌后上述改变可得到恢复。结论 :　膳食锌缺乏导致淋巴细胞表型分布改变和 Th1 /Th2的平衡破坏 ,但这些改变是可逆性的     

miR-155调节淋巴细胞免疫功能以及与病毒感染的相关性

miR-155在活化淋巴细胞内高表达,参与各种淋巴细胞亚群,包括B细胞、CD8+T及CD4+T细胞,辅助T细胞1型（Th1）、Th2、Th17和调节性T细胞（Treg）的免疫调节过程。此文就miR-155在分子水平和细胞水平参与淋巴细胞发展、介导调节免疫应答,以及在单核细胞增生李斯特菌、HIV和HBV等病毒感染中的作用进行综述。     

Increase in Memory (CD4+CD29+ and CD4+CD45RO+) T and Naive (CD4+CD45RA+)T-Cell Subpopulations in Smokers

To examine the effects of smoking on lymphocyte subpopulations, we measured the following cell subpopulations: CD4+ T-cell subpopulations (i.e., CD4+CD29+, CD4+ CD45RO+, and CD4+CD45RA+ cells); CD8+ T-cell subpopulations (i.e., CD8+CD11a+ and CD8+CD11b+ cells); and natural killer cell subpopulations (i.e., CD16+CD57-, CD16+CD57+, and CD16-CD57+ cells). We measured these subpopulations, together with total CD4+ T, total CD8+T, total CD3+T, B (CD19+), and total lymphocytes, in 10 male heavy smokers, 38 male light-to-moderate smokers, and 33 male nonsmokers. The mean ages were 30 y, 31 y, and 32 y, respectively, and ages did not vary significantly among the smokers. CD4+CD29+ and CD4+CD45RO+ (memory T) cells in heavy smokers were significantly more numerous than those in light-to-moderate smokers and nonsmokers. Also, these memory T-cell subpopulations were significantly more numerous in light-to-moderate smokers than in non-smokers. The number of CD4+CD45RA+ (naive T) cells was significantly larger in heavy smokers than nonsmokers; numbers of CD4+CD45RO+ T and CD4+CD29+ T cells (memory T cells) were significantly correlated with daily cigarette consumption. Numbers of CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD19+ B, and total lymphocytes in heavy smokers were significantly larger than in nonsmokers. There were significantly more CD3+ T, CD4+ T, and total lymphocytes in light-to-moderate smokers than in nonsmokers. The numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes in heavy smokers were significantly larger than in light-to-moderate smokers. Perhaps CD4+ T cell subpopulations, especially memory T cells, are most susceptible to the effects of smoking on lymphocyte sub-populations.     

Influence of fructooligosaccharides on Peyer's patch lymphocyte numbers in healthy and endotoxemic mice

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether fructooligosaccharides (FOS) exert an immunomodulating effect on Peyer's patches (PP), the main inductive site of the intestinal immune system. We investigated the effects of FOS in healthy and endotoxemic animals. METHODS: Six-week-old female Balb/c mice were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with 10% FOS over a period of 16 d. To induce endotoxemia, mice were challenged intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on day 15. PP were excised from mice, and lymphocyte subpopulations (B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, CD4(+) cells, and CD8(+) cells) were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The FOS-enriched diet increased the total cell yield in healthy and endotoxemic mice (P < 0.001). Similarly, B lymphocytes were increased in both groups (P < 0.001). In contrast, T lymphocytes were unaltered in healthy mice but increased in LPS-challenged mice after FOS enrichment (P < 0.001). In endotoxemic mice but not in control animals, the increase of CD4(+) cells (P < 0.001) was more pronounced than that of CD8(+) cells (P < 0.001), thus increasing the CD4:CD8 ratio (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: FOS showed an immunostimulating effect on PP lymphocytes under healthy and endotoxemic conditions. Thus it can be concluded that FOS administration affects not only the large intestine but also the main inductive part of the mucosal immune system in the small intestine.     

Depression of thymus-dependent immunity in wasting protein-energy malnutrition does not depend on an altered ratio of helper (CD4+) to suppressor (CD8+) T cells or on a disproportionately large atrophy of the T-cell relative to the B-cell pool.

We report cell numbers within major subsets of lymphocytes in the spleen, mesenteric nodes, and recirculating pool of weanling mice subjected to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). PEM and thymus (T)-dependent immunodepression were induced in male C57BL/6J mice by a low-protein (LP) diet fed ad libitum. Recirculating lymphocyte numbers were estimated by enumerating labeled and unlabeled cells after equilibration of a known number of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled C57BL/6J donor lymphocytes within well-nourished or LP recipients. Involution of the recirculating lymphocyte pool of the LP group was proportionately less than the lymphoid atrophy of the spleen and mesenteric nodes. The LP protocol exerted no influence on the ratio of helper (CD4+) to suppressor (CD8+) T cells and increased the ratio of T cells to B cells in the secondary lymphoid organs and recirculating pool. These results challenge two established concepts: that T-dependent immunodepression in PEM depends on a reduced CD4(+)-CD8+ ratio and that PEM induces greater involution within the T-cell system than within the B-cell system.     

Dietary supplementation of probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus, Bispan strain, modulates natural killer cell and T cell subset populations and immunoglobulin G levels in human subjects

A probiotic is a viable microbial dietary supplement that has beneficial effects such as prevention and treatment of specific gastrointestinal disorders, including counteracting gut barrier dysfunction associated with inflammation and infection. Probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus, which is commonly called Bispan strain, has been appropriately used for the treatment of long-term intestinal disorders. The use of B. polyfermenticus for immune-related chronic intestinal disease may be appropriate considering that about 80% of the body's immune system is localized in the gastrointestinal tract. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic B. polyfermenticus on the immune response of human subjects through the quantification of immune cell population and serum levels of immunoglobulins (Igs). Twenty-five male subjects, 20-35 years of age, were randomly assigned to either a control group (n =12) supplemented with a placebo or the experimental group (n = 13) supplemented with B. polyfermenticus tablets at a dose of 3.1 x 10(8) colony-forming units/day for 8 weeks. Dietary intake analyses from 3-day dietary records from three consecutive days including one weekend day and two weekdays revealed no significant differences in total energy and nutrient intakes between the two groups. The humoral immune response was monitored by the number of total B lymphocytes and serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgM. To investigate the changes in immune cell populations, percentages of total T lymphocytes, CD4+ helper T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells were quantified. The concentration of IgG in the experimental group was 12% higher than in the placebo group after 8 weeks of Bispan supplementation. Also, the percentages of CD4+ helper T cells, CD8+cytotoxic T cells, and CD56+ NK cells in the Bispan strain-supplemented group were 32%, 28%, and 35% higher, respectively, compared with the control group. Because of a higher increment of the CD4+ T cell subset than CD8+ T cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells was greater in the experimental group. This study suggests that the supplementation of B. polyfermenticus has a potentially positive effect on immune function by enhancing IgG production as well as by modulating the number of immune cell population such as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells.     

Associations of the cerebrospinal fluid lymphocyte population with a clinical presentation of tick-borne encephalitis

In tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), lymphocytes infiltrating central nervous system are indispensable for the infection control, but also potentially immunopathogenic. To clarify their roles, we have evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) count of the main lymphocyte populations (considered as a proxy of the brain parenchyma lymphocytic infiltrate) in TBE patients and analyzed if they associate with clinical presentation, blood-brain barrier disruption and intrathecal antibody synthesis.We have studied CSF from 96 adults with TBE (50 with meningitis, 40 with meningoencephalitis, 6 with meningoencephalomyelitis), 17 children and adolescents with TBE and 27 adults with non-TBE lymphocytic meningitis. Th CD3+CD4+, Tc CD3+CD8+, double positive T CD3+CD4+CD8+, B CD19+ and NK CD16+/56+ cells were counted cytometrically with a commercial fluorochrome-stained monoclonal antibody set. The associations between the counts and fractions of these cells and clinical parameters were analyzed with non-parametric tests, p<0.05 considered significant.The TBE patients had lower pleocytosis with similar proportions of the lymphocyte populations compared to non-TBE meningitis. The different lymphocyte populations correlated positively with one another, as well as with CSF albumin, IgG and IgM quotients. The higher pleocytosis and expansion of Th, Tc and B cells associated with a more severe disease and neurologic involvement: Th with encephalopathy, myelitis and weakly with cerebellar syndrome, Tc with myelitis and weakly with encephalopathy, B with myelitis and with at least moderately severe encephalopathy. The double-positive T lymphocytes associated with myelitis, but not with other forms of CNS involvement. The fraction of double positive T cells decreased in encephalopathy and the fraction of NK in patients with neurologic deficits. In children with TBE, Tc and B counts were increased at the expense of Th lymphocytes in comparison with adults.The concerted intrathecal immune response, involving the main lymphocyte populations, increases with the clinical severity of TBE, with no evidently protective or pathogenic elements distinguishable. However, the particular populations including B, Th and Tc cells associate with different, though overlapping, spectra of CNS manifestations, suggesting they may be specifically related to TBE manifesting as myelitis, encephalopathy and cerebellitis. The double-positive T and NK cells do not expand evidently with severity and may be most closely associated with the protective anti-TBEV response.     

Lactobacillus rhamnosus induces peripheral hyporesponsiveness in stimulated CD4+ T cells via modulation of dendritic cell function

BACKGROUND: Although it is widely recognized that the intake of so-called probiotic microorganisms is beneficial in chronic mucosal inflammation and topical allergic disease, the immunologic details explaining how such bacteria can exert these effects remain obscure. OBJECTIVE: We determined whether Lactobacillus rhamnosus can modulate T cell responses in vitro and in vivo. DESIGN: In vitro, human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) matured in the presence of L. rhamnosus were used to instruct naive CD4+ T cells; subsequently, the T cell response was assessed with the use of CD3/CD28 and interleukin (IL) 2. Cytokine production by ex vivo-stimulated naive cells and memory T cells was measured before and after oral supplementation with L. rhamnosus in 6 healthy volunteers and 6 patients with Crohn disease. RESULTS: A decreased T cell proliferation and cytokine production, especially of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10, was observed in CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells derived from L. rhamnosus-matured DCs. This T cell hyporesponsiveness was associated with enhanced DC-T cell interaction and normal responsiveness of T cells for IL-2. In vivo oral supplementation of L. rhamnosus for 2 wk induced a similar T cell hyporesponsiveness, including impaired ex vivo T helper subsets 1 and 2 responses without up-regulation of immunoregulatory cytokines in cohorts of both healthy volunteers and patients with Crohn disease. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that L. rhamnosus modulates DC function to induce a novel form of T cell hyporesponsiveness; this mechanism might be an explanation for the observed beneficial effects of probiotic treatment in clinical disease.     

Dietary conjugated linoleic acid modulates phenotype and effector functions of porcine CD8(+) lymphocytes

In vivo vaccination and challenge studies have demonstrated that CD8(+) lymphocytes are essential for the development of cell-mediated protection against intracellular pathogens and neoplastic cells. Depletion of peripheral blood CD8(+) cells interferes with clearance of viruses and intracellular fungi, induction of delayed type hypersensitivity responses and antitumoral activity. In contrast to humans or mice, porcine peripheral CD8(+) lymphocytes are characterized by a heterogeneous expression pattern (i.e., CD8alphabeta and CD8alphaalpha) that facilitates the study of distinctive traits among minor CD8(+) cell subsets. A factorial (2 x 2) arrangement within a split-plot design, with 16 blocks of two littermate pigs as the experimental units for immunization treatment (i.e., unvaccinated or vaccinated with a proteinase-digested Brachyspira hyodysenteriae bacterin) and pig within block as the experimental unit for dietary treatment (soybean oil or conjugated linoleic acid) were used to investigate the phenotypic and functional regulation of CD8(+) cells by dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Dietary CLA supplementation induced in vivo expansion of porcine CD8(+) cells involving T-cell receptor (TCR)gammadeltaCD8alphaalpha T lymphocytes, CD3(-)CD16(+)CD8alphaalpha (a porcine natural killer cell subset), TCRalphabetaCD8alphabeta T lymphocytes and enhanced specific CD8(+)-mediated effector functions (e.g., granzyme activity). Expansion of peripheral blood TCRalphabetaCD8alphabeta cells was positively correlated (r = 0.89, P < 0.01) with increased percentages of CD8alphabeta(+) thymocytes. Functionally, CLA enhanced the cytotoxic potential of peripheral blood lymphocytes and proliferation of TCRgammadeltaCD8alphaalpha cells. Collectively, these results indicate that dietary CLA enhances cellular immunity by modulating phenotype and effector functions of CD8(+) cells involved in both adaptive and innate immunity.     

Antigen-driven murine CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production are diminished by dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids

This study is the first to describe the impact of consuming a diet rich in (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from fish oil on antigen-driven activation of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes. To accomplish this, we used lymphocytes isolated from T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice (i.e., DO11.10). A large portion of the T lymphocytes from these mice expresses a TCR specific for a peptide within the ovalbumin (OVA) molecule (OVA(323-339)). When this antigen is presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex I-A(d) with costimulation, these naive CD4+ T cells become activated, produce interleukin (IL)-2 and clonally expand. (n-3) PUFA enrichment was accomplished by feeding DO11.10 mice one of two nutritionally complete experimental diets that differed only in the source of fat: lard or menhaden fish oil [high in (n-3) PUFA]. After 2 wk of consuming the experimental diets, lymphocytes were isolated from the spleen of each mouse, then cultured in the presence of antigen (i.e., OVA(323-339)) or concanavalin A (Con A), a nonspecific, polyclonal T cell stimulus. IL-2 production and lymphocyte proliferation were determined after 48 and 72 h, respectively. Naive CD4+ T lymphocytes from fish oil-fed mice stimulated with antigen produced less IL-2 ( approximately 33%; P < 0.001) and proliferated to a lesser extent ( approximately 50%; P < 0.0001) than the same cells from lard-fed DO11.10 mice. When stimulated with Con A, (n-3) PUFA did not affect either proliferation or IL-2 production. In summary, we report for the first time that feeding mice a diet enriched with (n-3) PUFA reduces in vitro antigen-stimulated production of IL-2 and subsequent proliferation of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes.     

Decreases of natural killer cells and T-lymphocyte subpopulations and increases of B lymphocytes following a 5-day occupational exposure to mixed organic solvents.

The authors examined the effects of organic solvents on lymphocyte subpopulations in blood. Natural killer and T-lymphocyte subpopulations and B (CD19+) -lymphocytes were measured with flow cytometry in 16 male rotogravure printers on a Friday and on the following Monday. Numbers of all 3 subpopulations of natural killer cells (i.e., CD57+ CD16+, CD57- CD16+, and CD57+ CD16- cells), 2 subpopulations of T lymphocytes (CD4+ CD45RA+ and total CD8+ cells), and total lymphocytes on Friday were significantly fewer than those found on the following Monday. Conversely, the number of B lymphocytes on Friday was significantly larger than the number on Monday. The number of B lymphocytes was significantly correlated with blood toluene levels on Friday. The alteration in the number of CD57+ CD16+ NK cells from Friday to the following Monday was correlated inversely with the corresponding change in exposure level of toluene on Friday. The authors suggest that the effects of mixed organic solvents (primarily toluene) are recoverable decreases of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes and increases in B lymphocytes.     

Early commitment of adoptively transferred CD4+ T cells following particle-mediated DNA vaccination: implications for the study of immunomodulation

The early responses of CD4+ T cells to particle-mediated DNA immunisation were investigated using OVA-specific TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells. Following adoptive transfer of these cells, mice were immunised by delivery into the skin of a plasmid encoding ovalbumin. Transgenic T cells underwent a rapid and transient antigen-specific activation, followed by clonal expansion (up to approximately 6% of total lymphocytes). Immunisation with ovalbumin in CFA evoked similar responses with slightly faster kinetics. Numerous antigen-specific T cells synthesising IFN-gamma (Th1) and IL-4 (Th2) were detectable using both intracellular staining and ELISPOT assays. This study provides a quantitative analysis of both T cell proliferation and Th1/Th2 balance following particle-mediated DNA immunisation and establishes a robust and sensitive model in which to assess modulation of helper T cell responses in DNA vaccination.     

Decreases of Natural Killer Cells and T-Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Increases of B Lymphocytes Following a 5-Day Occupational Exposure to Mixed Organic Solvents

The authors examined the effects of organic solvents on lymphocyte subpopulations in blood. Natural killer and T-lymphocyte subpopulations and B (CD19+) -lymphocytes were measured with flow cytometry in 16 male rotogravure printers on a Friday and on the following Monday. Numbers of all 3 subpopulations of natural killer cells (i.e., CD57+ CD16+, CD57-CD16+ and CD57+CD16- cells), 2 subpopulations of T lymphocytes (CD4+ CD45RA+ and total CD8+ cells) and total lymphocytes on Friday were significantly fewer than those found on the following Monday. Conversely, the number of B lymphocytes on Friday was significantly larger than the number on Monday. The number of B lymphocytes was significantly correlated with blood toluene levels on Friday. The alteration in the number of CD57+CD16+ NK cells from Friday to the following Monday was correlated inversely with the corresponding change in exposure level of toluene on Friday. The authors suggest that the effects of mixed organic solvents (primarily toluene) are recoverable decreases of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes and increases in B lymphocytes.     

慢性乙型肝炎和重型肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与HBV-DNA、HBeAg的关系

目的 分析慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)和慢性重型乙型肝炎(CSHB)患者T细胞亚群特点,探讨外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)复制的关系.方法 使用流式细胞仪检测57名CHB患者及25例CSHB患者外周血T细胞亚群.结果 HBV-DNA(+)CHB组与HBV-DNA(-)CHB组的T细胞亚群比较:HBV-DNA(+)CHB组CD8+T绝对值显著低于HBV-DNA(-)CHB组(P＜0.01),CD4+T/CD8+T比值显著高于HBV-DNA(-)CHB组(P＜0.01).HBV-DNA(+)CSHB组与HBV-DNA(-)CSHB组的T细胞亚群比较:HBV-DNA(+)CSHB组CD8+T绝对值显著高于HBV-DNA(-)CSHB组(P＜O.05); HBV-DNA(+)CSHB组CD4+T/CD8+T比值显著低于HBV-DNA(-)CSHB组(P＜0.01).高HBV-DNA载量-CHB组和低HBV-DNA载量-CHB组的T细胞亚群比较:高HBV-DNA载量-CHB组CD8+T绝对值显著低于低HBV-DNA载量-CHB组(P＜0.05).HBeAg(-)CHB患者HBV-DNA(+)组与HBV-DNA(-)组的T细胞亚群比较:在HBeAg(-)CHB患者中,HBV-DNA(+)组CD8+T绝对值显著低于HBV-DNA(-)组(P＜ 0.05);HBV-DNA(+)组CD4+T/CD8+T比值显著高干HBV-DNA(-)组(P＜0.05).结论 不同的临床转归患者T细胞亚群状态不同,T细胞亚群紊乱程度和CD8+T绝对值与HBV-DNA载量、HBeAg有关.     

Immune status and autoantibody formation in children with chronic hepatitis B infection

BACKGROUND: The hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes a wide spectrum of disease which ranges from acute hepatitis to liver cirrhosis. Patients who fail to mount a vigorous immune response in acute HBV develop chronic infection. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the cellular and humoral immune parameters of the patients with chronic HBV and to evaluate the prevalence of autoantibodies before the beginning of immunomodulator and antiviral therapy. METHODS: In this comparative study, serum immunoglobulins, IgG subclasses, secretory IgA, serum complement components, lymphocyte subsets and CD11a, CD18, CD54 molecules on lymphocytes were determined in 44 hospitalized patients of chronic HBV infection and 20 cases of healthy control subjects. RESULTS: Significant increase in IgG and significant decrease in the complement C4 were observed. The mean percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes, reflecting the percentage of total T cells was significantly higher in the patient group due to the increase of CD8+ lymphocytes. The mean percentage of CD19+ B lymphocytes was lower in the patient group secondary to the increase of their total T cells. No significant difference was found in cell surface adhesion molecules between patient and control groups. The percentage of antinuclear antibody positivity was 18.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that ANA formation is part of the natural course of chronic HBV infection and this value may reflect the tendency to autoimmune diseases and the importance of clinical follow-up. The abnormalities observed in immunological parameters may reflect the role of the cellular and humoral immune system in pathogenesis.     

Decreases in CD8+ T, naive (CD4+CD45RA+) T, and B (CD19+) lymphocytes by exposure to manganese fume

To examine the effects of exposure to manganese (Mn) on the cellular and humoral immune system in men, T lymphocyte subpopulations, B (CD19+) lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and serum immunoglobulins (i.e., IgG, IgA and IgM) together with total T (CD3+) lymphocytes and total lymphocytes were measured in blood samples from 21 welders mainly exposed to Mn fume with blood Mn (BMn) concentrations of 0.6-2.3 (mean 1.4) microg/dl and 21 healthy controls working in the same factory (BMn concentrations: 0.7 to 1.7, mean 1.1 microg/dl). The workers engaged in welding for 6 to 36 (mean 17) yr. All the study subjects were divided into 3 equally sized groups (n=14 for each group) according to BMn concentrations. Numbers of CD8+ T, total T (CD3+), B (CD19+), and total lymphocytes were significantly lower in high-BMn group than those in low-BMn group; the numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly lower in moderate-BMn group compared to low-BMn group. After adjusting for age and smoking, significant inverse correlations between BMn concentrations and CD4+CD45RA+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, CD3+ T, and total lymphocytes were found. We conclude that T lymphocytes, especially CD8+ and CD4+CD45RA+ T lymphocytes, as well as CD19+ B lymphocytes are affected by exposure to Mn fume.     

Role of yoghurt in the prevention of colon cancer

The beneficial effect of yoghurt consumption on health and on the improvement of the mucosal immune system is well established, as is the diet-associated risk of colon cancer. In an experimental model in BALB/c mice we demonstrated that yoghurt added to the diet for 10 consecutive days, with the procedure repeated each 10 days for 6 months, inhibited the development of a colorectal carcinoma induced by 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in the inhibition of tumour growth by yoghurt were also examined in these studies. We determined B lymphocytes IgA(+) and IgG(+), as well as CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the large intestine. We measured cellular apoptosis and the cytokines TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-10. An increase in the number of IgA(+) (P<0.01) was observed, but not in IgG(+) (P<0.01), or in the CD4(+) population (P<0.01) in the mice treated with DMH and yoghurt. While in the group with the carcinogen there was an enhancement in the IgG(+) B cells (P<0.01) and CD8(+) T cells (P<0.01). Yoghurt increased the number of apoptotic cells and induced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha cytokine release, their production being regulated by an increase in IL-10 (P<0.001). We demonstrated that yoghurt may exert antitumour activity by a decrease in the inflammatory immune response mediated by IgA(+) increase, apoptosis induction and IL-10 release.     

脓毒症患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平与APACHEⅡ评分相关性的临床研究

目的 探讨脓毒症患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平及其与疾病严重程度的相关性.方法 选取脓毒症患者36例,依据诊断标准分为脓毒症组10例、严重脓毒症组15例和脓毒性休克组11例,以健康志愿者5例作为对照组.于入ICU时抽取外周血,分离淋巴细胞,以藻红蛋白(PE)标记的抗人CD4和异硫氰酸荧光素(FTTC)标记的抗人CD25单克隆抗体标记细胞,流式细胞仪检测CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞含量.并结合各组不同时间点的急性生理学及慢性健康状况(APACHE)Ⅱ评分,分析CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性.结果 脓毒症组、严重脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞含量[分别为(10.31±2.32)%、(14.27±3.33)%、(15.32±3.98)%]均较对照组[(5.48±0.98)%]显著增高(P＜0.05或＜0.01).各组CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平与APACHEⅡ评分呈明显正相关,相关系数分别为0.829(P=0.032)、0.868(P=0.021)、0.913(P=0.009),总相关系数为0.903(P=0.013).结论 脓毒症患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞明显升高,且与疾病严重程度相关.     

Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses by cholera toxin-treated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells

Cholera toxin (CT), a powerful mucosal adjuvant, is a potent inducer of Th2-type responses via activation of co-stimulatory molecules for the induction of IgA antibody responses. Less appreciated is the ability of CT to induce and regulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. In order to help for clarifying mechanisms underlying the CTL-inducing ability of CT, we have examined the effects of CT on dendritic cells (DCs) that could lead to the induction of cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells. When bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) were cultured with CT in vitro, B7-1 but not B7-2 molecules were significantly enhanced and allogenic CTL responses were induced. Also, increased numbers of IFN-gamma-secreting CD8(+) T cells were elicited when CT-treated BM-DCs were co-cultured with allogenic CD8(+) CTLs. Antibody blockade of B7-1 on CT-treated BM-DCs suppressed allogenic CTL responses, further indicating the importance of CT-induced B7-1 molecules on DCs for the acquisition of cytolytic function by CTL precursors. CD40 signaling was proven not necessary for the CT-induced CTL response since CT-treated CD40(-/-) BM-DCs developed CTL responses equivalent to those detected in CT-treated BM-DCs derived from normal mice. Our results suggest that CT-treated DCs are effective inducers of CD8(+) CTL, and this induction is mediated through CT's ability to enhance B7-1 expression on DCs.     

应用CIK细胞治疗子宫内膜癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞变化的临床观察

目的:观察应用细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞(cytokine-induced killer cells,CIK)联合化疗、内分泌治疗等治疗子宫内膜癌的临床疗效。方法:子宫内膜癌患者35例给予联合应用CIK细胞生物治疗6个疗程,其中11例患者TP(紫杉醇+顺铂)化疗联合CIK细胞生物治疗,15例患者醋酸甲地孕酮内分泌治疗联合CIK细胞生物治疗,9例患者单纯应用CIK细胞生物治疗。通过流式细胞术检测治疗前后患者T淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值以及NK细胞比例、KPS评分等指标变化,用统计学方法进行分析。结果:35例子宫内膜癌患者经联合CIK细胞生物治疗后,CD3+T细胞无显著变化,CD4+辅助T细胞显著增加,CD4+/CD8+比值显著升高,部分患者CD3-/CD16+56+的NK细胞较治疗前升高但无统计学意义,患者平均KPS评分提高10分(P<0.05)。结论:CIK细胞可以提高子宫内膜癌患者机体免疫功能,改善患者一般状态。