华南地区与西南地区先天性青光眼临床特点的比较

目的通过对中山眼科中心与华西医院眼科中心收治的原发性先天性青光眼患者进行对比,探讨我国华南、西南地区先天性青光眼发病的异同性。方法以华西医院眼科中心（WCHOC）报道的原发性先天性青光眼的研究结果为参照,与中山眼科中心（ZOC）在同一时段（2002年1月至2004年12月）收治的原发性先天性青光眼患者进行回顾性对比分析。结果ZOC入组的原发性先天性青光眼患者有51例（102眼）,WCHOC患者40例（80眼）。两组患者均以男性为多,分别为3.25：1和2.07：1;双眼发病为主：家族史均不明显;发现年龄在两地患者中无显著性差异（P〉0.01）：但WCHOC患者就诊年龄远远大于ZOC患者（分别为36个月与9个月）;就诊时已有视功能严重损害者以WCHOC患者为多：手术治疗均以小梁切开联合小梁切除术为主。结论与中山眼科中心原发性先天性青光眼患者比较,华西眼科中心患者就诊较晚,视功能损害严重,诊断、治疗相对滞后。在一定程度上可能与地区经济水平对该病诊治的影响有关。中国先天性青光眼的防治工作仍存在很大的不平衡性,值得关注。     

原发性先天性青光眼临床治疗研究

目的：观察并分析外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗原发性先天性青光眼的临床疗效。 方法：收集原发性先天性青光眼患者51例89眼,应用外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术进行治疗,观察术后眼压、角膜横径、杯/盘比值、滤过泡情况及手术并发症并分析其临床疗效。 结果：术后平均随访（15.21±6.50）mo,术后1,6,12mo手术成功率分别为97%,90%,90%。术后平均眼压较术前显著降低(P<0.01);杯/盘比值较术前明显减小（P<001）;角膜横径手术前后差异无显著意义（P=0.495）;手术失败者角膜横径较术前增大（P<0.05）。手术并发症主要有不同程度的前房出血和术后浅前房等。 结论：外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术是治疗原发性先天性青光眼安全有效的手术方式之一     

原发性先天性青光眼患者长期手疗效比较分析

目的 评价原发性先天性青光眼患者长期手术疗效.方法 对过去11年间(1997年9月至2008年9月)收入中山大学中山眼科中心首次行手术治疗,并能长期随访到的48例81只眼原发性先天性青光眼患者进行回顾性分析.结果 所有患者在小梁切除术、小梁切开术与联合手术者间手术成功率无明显差异(P=0.492);在随访超过4年者中:Kaplan-Meier分析显示行小梁切除术与联合手术者成功率曲线下降较平稳,其中联合手术者成功率曲线下降最缓慢,但小梁切开术曲线下降较明显(P=0.022).结论 长期随访(≥4年)能更好地评价原发性先天性青光眼术后长期临床疗效;三种手术方式治疗原发性先天性青光眼患者远期成功率均随着时间的延长而下降,但以联合手术组成功率曲线下降最缓慢,其次是小梁切除术组,小梁切开术组成功率曲线下降最明显.术后远期的手术成功率与术后患者随访的依从性相关,患者依从性好术后远期的手术成功率高.     

青光眼合并轻度白内障两种手术方式比较

目的:比较两阶段手术和超声乳化三联手术治疗闭角型青光眼合并轻度白内障的临床疗效。方法:原发性闭角型青光眼合并轻度白内障患者68例(74眼),对象分为A组(36眼):联合手术(超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术);B组(38眼):两阶段手术(先施行小梁切除术,待白内障发展到一定程度再行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入)。结果:术后平均随访时间12.2(6～22)mo。视力:A组36眼(100%)>0.5,20眼(56%)>1.0。B组白内障术后视力28眼(74%)>0.5,7眼(18%)>1.0。两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01,P<0.001)。两组术后平均眼压较术前均明显下降(P<0.001)。两组间术后平均眼压比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。无需药物眼压控制率A组为94%,B组为71%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。A组术后中央前房深度加深,平均增加约1mm(P<0.05)。B组青光眼滤过手术后中央前房变浅,平均减少0.62mm(P<0.05)。术后发生浅前房14眼(37%)。结论:与两阶段手术相比,超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并轻度白内障,具有有效控制眼压,视力预后好,前房深度增加、手术难度较低等理想效果。     

文摘

·青光眼·先天性青光眼病情程度与手术成功率的关系[英]/Al-Hazmi A…//Br J Ophthal mol.-2005,89(4).-449~453作者研究了原发性先天性青光眼(PCG)的病情严重程度与三种类型手术的成功率之间的关系。回顾了1982年~2002年在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的KingKhale眼科医院采用前房角切开术、小梁切开术、小梁切开(90°范围)联合小梁切除丝裂霉素C术(0·2~0·4mg/ml,2~5分钟)三种手术方式作为初次手术治疗年龄在1岁内的PCG患者的全部病例。计532例(820眼)年龄在1岁内的先天性青光眼患者进行了至少1年的随访。术后随访检查的主要内容有:眼压、角…     

透明质酸钠在抗青光眼手术中的应用

目的探讨在小梁切除术结束时向前房注透明质酸钠,以降低术后眼压和预防术后浅前房发生的临床效果。方法观察组29例(31眼)原发性闭角型青光眼,在小梁切除手术结束时前房注透明质酸钠形成正常前房。对照组32例(34眼)原发性闭角型青光眼,在手术结束时前房未注透明质酸钠。结果观察组术后浅前房4眼,占12.50%;对照组术后浅前房16眼,占47.05%,2者经统计学处理有显著性差异(P<0.01)。2组术后眼压被控制正常范围情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论青光眼小梁切除术结束时,前房注透明质酸钠,可预防术后浅前房发生,减少术后并发症,提高手术安全性,并且眼压控制效果与前房未注透明质酸钠相近。     

改良型非穿透性小梁切除术远期临床效果观察

目的:研究改良型非穿透性小梁切除术治疗原发性青光眼的临床效果。方法:原发性青光眼21例30眼施行改良型非穿透性小梁切除术,切除小梁网和Schlemm管外壁组织1.0mm×3.0mm,保留最内层组织,于术后1wk;1,6mo;1a及5a以上(最长10a)观察临床效果。结果:早期随访不用抗青光眼药物眼压低于2.7kPa者28眼,有效率达93%,长期随访眼压低于2.7kPa者27眼,有效率达90%。术后无严重并发症发生。结论:改良型非穿透性小梁切除术在早期和平均5a随访中能有效降低原发性开角型和闭角型青光眼患者眼压,因不穿透前房而术后并发症少,是一种理想的原发性青光眼手术方法。     

原发性闭角型青光眼高眼压下复合式小梁切除术的疗效

目的：探讨高眼压下原发性闭角型青光眼采用复合式小梁切除术治疗的临床疗效。
　　方法：选取33例34眼原发性闭角型青光眼患者均实行复合式小梁切除术,其中A组：18例18眼患者经联合用药48~72 h后,眼压仍在35 mmHg以上,在高眼压下施行复合式小梁切除术;B组：15例16眼患者经过药物治疗后眼压降至21 mmHg以下,施行复合式小梁切除术。术后观察视力、眼压。
　　结果：患者34眼均顺利完成手术,未发生爆发性脉络膜出血等严重的并发症。术后随访6~18mo,两组患者手术前后视力均有明显改善,分别由术前0.02±0.01、0.04±0.02提高到0.2±0.06、0.3±0.07,差异有统计学意义( P<0.01);30眼眼压均控制在9~23mmHg,3眼联合降眼压药物后眼压控制正常,1眼滤过失败, A、B组患者术后眼压较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),基本降至正常,分别为17.9±9.1、15.4±8.4mmHg,两组患者术后眼压无统计学差异(P>0.05)。
　　结论：对于持续高眼压下的原发性闭角型青光眼,应果断考虑高眼压下施行复合式小梁切除术,以防视功能进一步损害甚至丧失。只要术前全面考虑,术中精心操作,术后仔细护理,持续高眼压下的原发性闭角型青光眼施行复合式小梁切除术是安全、有效的。     

非穿透小梁切除术联合小梁切开术治疗先天性青光眼

目的:探讨非穿透小梁切除术联合小梁切开术治疗先天性青光眼的有效性和安全性。方法:对21例(37眼)先天性青光眼行非穿透小梁切除术联合小梁切开术。术后观察眼压、角膜横径、杯盘比值、滤过泡及并发症。病例随访12～24mo。结果:术前平均眼压28.5±6.5mmHg,最后一次随访时眼压15.2±5.5mmHg,两者差异有显著性(P<0.01),手术成功率94%(IOP<21mmHg)。术后28眼有功能性滤过泡,所有病例角膜横径和杯盘比值稳定,无浅前房,玻璃体脱出,虹膜粘连及眼内感染等并发症。结论:非穿透小梁切除联合小梁切开术是一种安全、有效的治疗先天性青光眼的方法。     

小梁切除联合切开治疗原发性先天性青光眼

目的 探讨小梁切开联合小梁切除治疗原发性先天性青光眼的长期疗效与安全性.方法 回顾分析了2002年1月至2008年12月于原发性先天性青光眼行小梁切除联合小梁切开术的有连续随访资料的18例24只眼.主要检查指标包括手术前后眼压、角膜透明度和直径、视力、滤过泡特征、手术失败的时间以及并发症.结果 术前平均眼压(33.12±6.34)mmHg,平均水平角膜直径(12.60 4±1.25)mm,83.3%(20/24)的患眼术前有明显的角膜水肿.所有眼术中使用丝裂霉素C(0.2-0.4mg/ml).平均随访(36.50 4±20.09)(12～70)个月,最后一次随访眼压(16.75 4±3.92)mmHg,术后眼压平均下降(15.2 4±5.8)mmHg(P<0.01).以眼压≤21mmHg为成功标准,术后1年21/24只眼(87.5%),术后2年14/18只眼(77.8%),术后3年9/12只眼(75%),术后4年8/10只眼(80%),术后5年5/6(83.3%),术后6年3/4(75%).术后81.8%只眼角膜变清亮.功能滤过泡76.6%.术中、术后60%不同程度的前房积血.术后7.2%发生浅前房,均自行恢复.组中病例未发生化脓性眼内炎等严重并发症.结论 小梁切除联合小梁切开可安全有效的治疗原发性先天性青光眼,长期疗效肯定.早期及时手术治疗将能使大部分患眼获得有效地眼压控制和维持一定的视功能.     

A comparison study of the clinical features between Chinese and Indian primary congenital glaucoma patients

To summarize the clinical features of Chinese primary congenital glaucoma(PCG) and to investigate the discrepancies of the clinical features between the Chinese and Indian patients. · METHODS: Clinical records of 40 Chinese PCG patients were reviewed. The clinical features were summarized as several quantifiable clinical parameters and the severity of the disease was evaluated. Both the quantified clinical features and severity were statistically compared with those of the Indian patients, which were cited from the previously published articles. · RESULTS: Forty Chinese and 43 Indian patients were included in the study. In Chinese patients, sex ratio (male to female )was about 2:1, family history was presented in 3 patients(7.5%) and consanguinity was found in one patient (2.5%). The main symptoms and signs observed in Chinese patients spanned a wide spectrum of manifestations. The most frequent signs noted in the initial examination were enlarged eyeball (42.5%) and decreased visual acuity(VA)(35.0%). Compared with Indian patients, Chinese patients had a later onset, a delayed diagnosis , more severe corneal changes and more severe optic nerve damages(P <0.01). The combined trabeculectomy and trabeculotomy operation was preferred by both Chinese and Indian doctors whereas a higher proportion of Indian patients received the combined operation (P <0.01). The proportions of the severity grade were different between Chinese and Indian patients. Most Chinese patients were in the severe grade while most Indian patients were in the very severe grade (P <0.01). · CONCLUSION: Chinese PCG patients were sporadic and non-consanguineous. Compared with Indian patients, Chinese patients had a relative later onset, a delayed diagnosis and treatment. More attempts are needed in Chinese PCG prevention and treatment.     

外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗原发性先天性青光眼疗效观察

目的 评价外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗原发性先天性青光眼的临床疗效.方法 随访首次手术行外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术的原发性先天性青光眼患者66例(96只眼),观察术后眼压、角膜横径、杯/盘比值、滤过泡情况及手术并发症,并分析其临床疗效.结果 术后平均随访(11.76±8.5 1)个月,术后1个月、6个月、12个月手术成功率分别为95.83%、92.06%、87.23%.术后平均眼压较术前统计学降低(P＜0.01);杯/盘比值较术前明显减小(P＜0.01);角膜横径手术前后差异无显著意义(P=0.495);手术失败者角膜横径较术前增大(P＜0.05).手术并发症主要有不同程度的前房出血和术后浅前房等.结论 外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术是治疗原发性先天性青光眼安全有效的手术方式之一.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of external trabeculotomy combined with trabeculectomy for primary congenitalglaucoma.Methods Sixty-six cases (96 eyes) of primary congenital glaucoma patients treated with exter(n)al trabeculotomy combined with trabeculectomy were observed,the intraocular pressure,cornea diameter,C/D ratio,filter bleb and complication were observed pre- and post-operation,the therapeutic effect were analyzed.Results The mean follow up period wasl 1.76± 8.51months,the successful rate in 1 month,6 months and 12 months after operation was 95.83%,92.06%,87.23% respeectively.The intraocular pressure (IOP) was decreased markedly after operation (P ＜0.01).C/D ratio was decreased markedly (P ＜0.01).There was no statistical difference in cornea diameter between pre- and post-operation (P =0.495).The cornea diameter enlarged in those failed in operations.The complications were various degrees of hypema and shallow anterior chamber.Conclusions External trabeculotomy combined with trabeculectomy is a safe and effective way to treat primary congenital glaucoma.     

糖尿病对倍频视野计检查结果的影响

目的 为了了解糖尿病是否导致青光眼倍频视野计(FDT)视野筛查中假阳性的因素;探讨随着糖尿病性视网膜病变的加重,FDT的变化情况.方法 对20名正常人和68例糖尿病患者(27例无明显视网膜病变、13例轻度非增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变NPDR、21例中度NPDR、7例重度NPDR)进行FDT(C-20-5)检查,并进行对比,FDT计分方法采用4个象限计分.结果 糖尿病但眼底镜下无明显视网膜病变患者的FDT视野异常例数为5例(18.52%),正常人为3名(15.00%)(P＜0.001);FDT计分与糖尿病患者视网膜病变程度呈正相关(p＜0.001).结论 糖尿病无明显视网膜病变患者的FDT视野缺损,发生率高于正常人;随着糖尿病视网膜病变的加重,FDT视野缺损也逐渐加重.糖尿病可能是导致青光眼FDT视野筛查中假阳性的因素.     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术对早期原发性青光眼眼压控制效果分析

目的 观察早期原发性青光眼行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后眼内压(IOP)控制情况,分析与术后IOP控制效果相关的影响因素.方法 回顾性选择原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)43例(43只眼)和原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)早期患者32例(32只眼),均行标准3.2mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合折叠人工晶状体植入术,术后2年定期随访.手术成功标准为:术后IOP保持在6～21mmHg,青光眼神经病变及相应视野缺损无明显进展,无需再行抗青光眼手术治疗.结果 白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后,PACG组有28例(65.1%)、POAG组有12例(37.5%)术后IOP控制良好,2年累计生存率之间存在差异(P＜0.05).PACG组成功与失败病例在术前IOP(33.0±5.3)mmHg vs(40.1±3.6)mmHg,P＜0.01、抗青光眼药物数量(2.9±0.9vs4.1±0.4,P＜0.01)、房角粘连范围(2.9±0.5)钟点vs(4.2±0.8)钟点,P＜0.01)之间的差异具有统计学意义,而POAG组成功与失败病例在术前IOP(25.3±3.4)mmHgvs(35.4±3.6)mmHg,P＜0.01、抗青光眼药物数量(1.2±0.4vs2.8±0.9,P＜0.01)之间的差异具有统计学意义.Cox逐步回归分析发现,在PACG组中术前IOP(P＜0.05,RR=1.17)、PAS(P＜0.01,RR=3.971),在POAG组中术前IOP(P＜0.01,RR=1.284),与相应两组术后生存时间具有相关性.结论 在术前PACG患者考虑到IOP和房角粘连范围、POAG患者考虑到IOP的条件下,超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术对于伴有白内障的早期原发性青光眼,是一种可供选择的有效的控制眼内压的治疗方法.

Abstract：

Objective To assess and find associated factors for favorable postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients with primary glaucoma on early stage.Methods Forty-five patients (43 eyes) with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and 32 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were retrospectively selected.All patients had undergone standard 3.2mm limbal incision phacoemulsification,and 2 years of routine follow-up after cataract surgery.Success was defined as an IOP between 6-21mmHg,with fewer antiglaucoma medications needed than those during pre-operation,no obvious progressions of glaucomatous neuropathy and its coincident visual field loss,and no need of additional glaucoma surgery.Results After phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation,there were 28 cases (65.1%) in PACG group and 12 cases (37.5%) in POAG group with well controlled postoperative IOP,and the different of 2-year survival rate was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).There were significant different in the pre-IOP (33.0± 5.3mmHg vs 40.1 ± 3.6mmHg,P ＜0.01),the number ofantiglaucoma medications (2.9± 0.9 vs 4.1± 0.4,P＜0.01) and the extent of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) (2.9±0.5 clock hours vs 4.2± 0.8 clock hours,P ＜0.01) between success and failure cases in PACG group.The pre-IOP (25.3±3.4 mmHg vs 35.4±3.6 mmHg,P＜0.01),the number of antiglaucoma medications (1.2± 0.4 vs 2.8± 0.9,P ＜0.01) were significant different between the success and failure cases in POAG group.Cox stepwise regression analysis found that pre-IOP (P ＜0.05,RR=1.17) and the extent of PAS (P ＜0.01,RR=3.971) in PACG group and the pre-IOP (P＜0.01,RR=1.284) in the POAG group was significant associated with the corresponding survival time after cataract surgery.Conclusions Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation may be an alternative procedure for effective IOP control of the patients with primary glaucoma on early stage coexisting with cataract on considering pre-IOP and the extent of PAS in PACG and pre-IOP in POAG.     

Correlations of genotype with phenotype in Indian patients with primary congenital glaucoma

PURPOSE: To establish the genotype-phenotype correlations of various CYP1B1 (human cytochrome P450) mutations in patients in India with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). METHODS: The study cohort comprised 146 patients with PCG from 138 pedigrees. Patients were analyzed for six distinct CYP1B1 mutations by sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. A severity index for grading various PCG phenotypes was constructed based on clinical parameters. RESULTS: Six mutations were identified in 45 patients analyzed and genotype-phenotype correlations were established for 43 of them. The percentages of severe phenotypes associated with various mutations in at least one eye were: frameshift, 100%; G61E, 66.7%; P193L, 62.5%; E229K, 80%; R368H, 72%; R390C, 83.3%. The frameshift mutation resulted in blindness. Based on the severity index, the disease severity was graded from normal to severe and the prognosis from good to very poor (blind). De novo mutation was identified in one family. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to attempt to devise a severity index for grading various PCG phenotypes and to use genotype as an indicator to predict the prognoses of the disorder. This index may help guide therapy and counseling of the afflicted family regarding the progression of the disorder. All patients with severe phenotypes showed poor prognoses (r = 0.976; P < 0.0001). The data derived from this study could be used as an added clinical tool in disease management. Integrated management of PCG that makes use of a genetic approach could yield better results than medical, surgical, and rehabilitation interventions alone.     

Corneal thickness in congenital glaucoma

PURPOSE: To compare central corneal thickness between eyes with congenital glaucoma and normal controls and to correlate this parameter with corneal diameter and axial length. METHODS: Eyes of consecutive children with congenital glaucoma with previous glaucoma surgery and eyes of children with inadequacy of lacrimal drainage system with age less than 3 years old were examined under inhalatory general anesthesia. Complete ophthalmologic examination, central corneal thickness, axial length, and corneal diameter measurements were performed. All patients presented with intraocular pressure (IOP) less than 21 mm Hg and no clinical sign of corneal edema. RESULTS: Fifty-five eyes of 55 patients (30 congenital glaucoma and 25 controls) were examined (mean age = 16.6 +/- 10.6 months; 20 female/ 35 males). There was no significant difference in age and gender between glaucoma patients and normal subjects. Mean IOP was higher in glaucomatous eyes (P = 0.02). Corneal diameter and axial length between glaucomatous eyes and controls were significantly different (P < 0.0001 for both). Central corneal thickness was significantly thinner in glaucomatous eyes (P = 0.01). There was a significant correlation between corneal diameter and central corneal thickness and also between central corneal thickness and axial length (r2 = 0.32 and r2 = 0.18, respectively; P < 0.0001 for both). CONCLUSION: Central corneal thickness was significantly thinner in children with congenital glaucoma. This finding may be another confounding factor when measuring IOP in those patients. Pachymetry should be considered during their examination.     

Severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis requiring trabeculectomy with mitomycin C for corticosteroid-induced glaucoma

Background: To describe clinical features of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis with steroid response in Asian children and risk factors for glaucoma filtration surgery. Design: Retrospective non‐controlled, comparative case series. Participants: Patients with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis seen at a single centre over 6 years. Methods: Clinical features, symptoms and treatment modalities were recorded for patients (i) diagnosed with severe VKC (clinical grade ≥3); (ii) had >2 recordings of increased intraocular pressures of >21 mmHg; (iii) and a minimum follow‐up period of 1 year post‐presentation. Main Outcome Measure: Corticosteroid‐induced glaucoma requiring trabeculectomy with mitomycin‐C. Results: Six patients (eight eyes) of 36 patients required trabeculectomy/mitomycin‐C. All were male. Mean age of disease onset was 9.3 ± 4.5 years for a mean duration of 6.08 ± 3.5 years. Mean intraocular pressures increase from baseline was 29.0 ± 8.2 mmHg and all required >2 anti‐glaucoma medications. The main risk factor for trabeculectomy was a greater increase in intraocular pressures from baseline (odds ratio 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0–1.5; P = 0.011), which was independent of potential confounders such as type and duration of corticosteroid use. Comparing eyes pre‐ and post‐trabeculectomy, all improved in clinical severity of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (mean clinical grade improvement 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–3.0; P < 0.001) and reduced dependence on topical corticosteroids for mean duration of 22.5 ± 15.3 months. Conclusion: In our study, patients with a ‘greater steroid response’, that is, higher increase in intraocular pressures from baseline are associated with a 30% higher risk toftrabeculectomy.     

年轻人原发性闭角型青光眼的临床特征

目的探讨年轻人原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的临床特征。方法回顾性病例对照研究。收集2006年1月至2010年7月期间南京医科大学第一附属医院眼科收治的年龄〈40岁、临床确诊为PACG的患者12例（22眼）,及同期单纯行小梁切除术的老年PACG患者217例（236眼）。对两组病例的临床表现、房角结构特点、手术效果以及术后浅前房和恶性青光跟的发生率进行比较。采用配对t检验和X^2检验对数据进行统计学分析。结果年轻PACG患者平均年龄为（32．8±5．7）岁,女性占75％,首次就诊时均已为中晚期,无急性发作症状,眼轴平均为（21．1±1．9）mm,11例（20眼）为高褶虹膜构型（占91％）,仅1例（2眼）为瞳孔阻滞。随访时间平均为（24．8±6．3）个月,最后一次复诊时眼压较术前下降（11．6±5．2）mmHg,手术前后差异有统计学意义0=6．456,P〈0．01）。术后并发症主要有浅前房（44％）,恶性青光眼f17％）。老年PACG患者平均年龄为（60．2±7．1）岁,女性占81％,眼轴平均为（21．5±2．7）mm,高褶虹膜构型仅占19％,瞳孑L阻滞占81％,其房角构型与年轻PACG患者相比差异有统计学意义（X^2=-56．446、14．303．P〈0．01）。老年PACG患者术后浅前房和恶性青光眼发病率分别为10％和6％,年轻PACG浅前房发生率较老年PACG高,差异有统计学意义（X^2=14．091,P〈0．01）。结论年轻人的PACG发病隐匿,早期不易发现和诊断。小梁切除术是其有效的治疗方法,但术后容易出现浅前房。     

原发性先天性青光眼临床特征的相关性

目的 分析原发性先天性青光眼的临床特征及其相关关系.方法 收集2006～2007年于北京同仁医院诊治三岁内原发性先天性青光眼患者临床资料,应用SPSS软件进行相关分析和回归分析.结果 共收集144例(259只眼),79.9%为双眼患病,男性明显多于女性(男女比=2.51:1),一岁内发病者占71.53%.有先天性青光眼家族史者占2.78%.最常见的症状为角膜混浊(41.0%)和畏光流泪(38.9%),多元回归分析发现发病时间与此相关(β=-0.191,P=0.027;β=-0.235,P=0.008).多元线性回归分析发现眼压与角膜直径(β=-0.244,P=0.038)、视乳头C/D比(β=0.293,P=0.005)之间显著相关.Logistic回归分析显示角膜直径(OR=0.403,P=0.000)与Haab纹显著相关.Pearson相关分析发现角膜直径与发病时间和病程无关.结论 角膜混浊与畏光流泪同是原发性先天性青光眼最常见的症状.检查角膜是否清亮,患儿是否怕光可作为先天性青光眼初步筛查的检查项目.眼压、角膜直径、Haab纹及视乳头C/D比均可以作为判断病情严重程度的指标.角膜直径仅与眼压相关,与发病时间和病程无关,是很好的判断疾病是否进展的指标.