不同方法保存存猪软骨异种移植的实验研究

为了探索不同方法保存猪肩胛软骨对异种移植的影响，为临床应用提供科学依据。采用４种方法保存猪肩胛软骨，并按保存方法及保存时间分７组移植到日本大耳白兔背部皮下，每组５只动物，共３５只进行观察比较。①ｒ－射线辐射处理，４℃保存３个月为Ａ组，１个月为Ｂ组；②ｙ（戊二醛）＝０．５％磷酸缓冲液浸泡，４℃保存３个月为Ｃ组，１个月为Ｄ组；③深低温－８０℃保存３个月为Ｅ组，１个月为Ｆ组；④新鲜软骨为Ｇ组。移植术后每     

反相HPLC法测定兰索拉唑原料及片剂的含量

介绍反相ＨＰＬＣ法测定兰索拉唑及片剂的含量，以Ｃ１８为色谱柱（４．６ｍｍ×２５０ｍｍ），流动相为甲醇－水－三乙胺－磷酸（７００：３００：５：１．５），用磷酸（１－１０）调ＰＨ＝７．３±０．１，检测波长２８４ｎｍ，线性范围在０．５－４．０μｇ，ｒ＝０．９９９９；平均回收率为９９．８％，ＲＳＤ＝０．５％。     

二步法静脉冷冻保存维持时限研究

直径１。０－１．４ｍｍ静脉经二步冷冻法保存与异体移植，观察维持时限对二步法静脉冷冻保存的影响。家兔６０只，体重２．０－２．５ｋｇ，切取股静脉段，分成６组，每组１０兴；对照组为自体静脉移植，余５组在－６０℃中按维持时限５ｍｉｎ，１５ｍｉｎ，３０ｍｉｎ，６０ｍｉｎ，１２０ｍｉｎ分组。用慢降温０．５－１．０℃／ｍｉｎ，快复温后作异体静脉移植。     

苯海索和利血平对大鼠脑单胺递质含量的影响

Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ－Ｄａｗｌｅｙ大鼠２８只，随机分为４组：（１）对照组：ｎ＝１０，大鼠腹腔注射（ｉｐ）生理盐水（ＮＳ）２ｍｌ．ｋｇ＾－１；（２）利血平组：ｎ＝６，大鼠ｉｐ苯海索３．０ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１，每隔４ｈ给药１次，共５次；（４）苯海索加利血平组：ｎ＝６，大鼠ｉｐ苯海索３．０ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１，每隔４ｈ给药１次，共５次，最后一次给药时间同时ｉｐ利血平２．０ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１。各组动物均在最后一次给药后１     

周围环境温度对无心跳尸体供肠保存的影响

作者模拟临床自无心跳尸体获取供肠方法，了解获取供肠时周围环境温度对小肠保存的影响。１９只杂种猪分为３组：Ⅰ组（ｎ＝６），周围环境温度２５℃；Ⅱ组（ｎ＝６），周围环境温度３０℃；Ⅲ组（ｎ＝７），周围环境温度３７℃，供肠热缺血８ｍｉｎ，冷缺血１．５ｈ左右。移植术后３周受体生存率均为１００％，热缺血小肠的ＡＴＰ、磷酸腺苷总量及能荷Ⅲ组均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组，移植术后血浆肿瘤坏死因子浓度Ⅲ组高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组，术后３周Ⅰ、Ⅱ组移植小肠组织结构恢复正常，而Ⅲ组移植小肠粘膜结构不能恢复正常。本研究证实自无心跳尸体获取供肠周围环境温度≥３７℃时获取的供肠不宜用作移植     

山茱萸对延长大鼠异位心脏移植存活的作用

目的：观察山茱萸水煎剂对大鼠异位移植心脏排异的抑制作用。方法：异位移植心脏的大鼠分成４组：Ⅰ组为对照，喂生理盐水；Ⅱ组喂山茱萸水煎剂２０ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）；Ⅲ组喂环孢菌素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）５ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）；Ⅳ组喂ＣｓＡ５ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）和山茱萸水煎剂２０ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）。结果：Ⅰ组（ｎ＝１３）移植心脏存活１３７±３７ｄ；Ⅱ组（ｎ＝１０）存活２８５±６２ｄ，另有２只移植心脏存活＞１ａ；Ⅲ组（ｎ＝７）存活４０１±６９ｄ，另有１只存活５个月；Ⅳ组（ｎ＝７）存活４９７±８０ｄ，另有１只存活５个月，１只存活＞８个月。Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组间、Ⅳ组与Ⅱ组间均有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）；Ⅳ组与Ⅲ组间有显著差异（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：山茱萸水煎剂能抑制排斥，显著延长大鼠异位移植心脏存活；山茱萸与ＣｓＡ联合应用比单用ＣｓＡ或山茱萸效果更好，二者有相加作用     

86例小儿气管异物取出术麻醉体会

行小儿气管异物取出术８６例，根据不同麻醉用药分为４组：Ⅰ（ｎ＝２９）氯胺酮５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１肌注，γ－ＯＨ８１．５～１０８．６ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１静注；Ⅱ（ｎ＝２４）氯胺酮５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１肌注，安定０．２ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１、γ－ＯＨ３７．５～６５．５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１静注；Ⅲ（ｎ＝２３）氯胺酮５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１肌注，安定０．２ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１静注；Ⅳ（ｎ＝１０）单用氯胺酮５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１肌注。各组优例数率与并发症发生率分别为：Ⅰ８２．８％和６．９％，Ⅱ６６．７％和１２．５％，Ⅲ４３．５％和２１．７％，Ⅳ０和４０％。说明氯胺酮合用γ－ＯＨ较大剂量的Ⅰ组麻醉效果最好，并发症发生率最低；单用氯胺酮的Ⅳ组麻醉效果最差，并发症发生率最高。     

同种异体神经移植后免疫反应的实验研究

目的：研究在哪种温度和时间条件下保存异种神经，其排斥反应较小。方法：用不同温度和时间保存的异体神经进行移植，实验取３５只成年雄性ＳＤ大白鼠，其中对照组８只大白鼠异体神经不作任何处理，实验组分为Ａ，Ｂ二组，每组１５只，即Ａ组为异体神经，分别在保存在一－１９６℃，－８０℃，－４０℃环境中１周；Ｂ组中为同样温度和数量的大白鼠保存３周，移植前实验组大白鼠在３７℃生理盐水中反复冷冻复温５次，手术在显微镜下由     

几种胎儿出生体重预测方法评定

本文对本院１９９４年１２月至１９９５年６月所有产妇６７名就我院目前应用的四种胎儿出生体重预测方法进行了评定。结果表明，以双顶径（ＢＰＤ）［胎儿出生体重（克）＝ＢＰＤ（ｃｍ）×３７０，Ｐ〉０．５０］及发育指标预测胎儿体重的方法［发育指数＝宫高（ｃｍ）－（孕月＋１）×３。指数意义：－４￣２３１２．５克；－３￣２５００克；－２￣２６８７．５克；－１￣２８７５克；－０．５￣２９６８．５克；０￣３０６２．５     

替硝唑溶液稳定性的研究

研究了替硝唑溶液的对光、水解稳定性，考察了ｐＨ值对替硝唑溶液稳定性的影响，结果表明：降解产物中含有２－甲基－５－硝基咪唑；替硝唑光解一级速率常数为６．０１７×１０＾３ｄ＾－１，ｔ０．９＝１７．４５ｄ；替硝唑在ｐＨ值４．００￣５．５０范围内最稳定；研究了ｐＨ５．２５条件下替硝唑在４０℃，５０℃，６０℃，７０℃，８０℃下的稳定性，经计算得２５℃下ｔ０．９＝８９０ ｄ＝２．４４ｙ。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.