原发性肝细胞癌组织中丙型肝炎病毒的检出及其相关意义的研究

目的 探讨丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染导致肝细胞癌变的可能机理。方法 应用抗－HCVNS3单克隆抗体和地高辛标记的HCV全基因组cDNA探针,对19例伴单一HCV感染的肝细胞癌石蜡组织切片进行了HCAg的免疫组化和原位杂交检测。结果 两种方法的阳性检出率分别为89．5％（17／19）和57．9％（11／19）。HCAg主要分布于癌细胞和癌旁肝细胞的胞浆和胞核内,呈局灶或弥漫型分布,癌旁组织表达较癌巢显著,核型分布在癌旁组织中常见;HCV RNA仅见于癌或癌旁肝细胞的胞浆中,呈散在及局灶分布,弥漫型分布少见。结论 本研究结果支持HCV感染可能导致原发性肝细胞癌的观点。HCAg在癌旁肝细胞和癌细胞核中的存在提示其可能对肝细胞核产生基因调节作用,这是否是HCV感染导致肝细胞癌变的可能机理之一,值得进一步研究阐明。     

人原发性肝细胞癌中HBxAg的免疫组化及免疫电镜研究

作者用免疫组化和胶体金免疫电镜方法,观察乙型肝炎x抗原(HBxAg)在肝癌组织(35例)及癌旁肝组织(29例)内的分布及亚细胞定位。结果显示,HBxAg在癌组织及癌旁肝组织内的检出率分别为60.0％和82.8％,阳性物质主要位于细胞浆内。电镜观察,HBxAg主要定位于粗面内质网和胞浆基质中,少数位于核内,并可见游离核糖体及核孔附近阳性,推测HBxAg在内质网及游离核糖体上合成,并可经核孔进入核内。     

丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原在肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中的表达

应用ＳＰ法（链霉菌抗生物素蛋白－过氧化酶连结法）对肝细胞癌（４６例）癌组织及癌旁组织（３８例）中丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原进行免疫组织化学染色，发现两者的检出率分别为２１．７％和３６．８％。阳性染色细胞呈弥漫、灶状和散在分布。抗原定位于肝细胞和肝癌细胞的胞浆内，少数有围核分布的特点。阳性染色多呈细颗粒状，少数呈均质状。癌旁组织抗原表达区域中有淋巴细胞浸润聚集。结果提示丙型肝炎病毒感染在肝细胞癌的发生中可能有一定的关联。     

丙型病毒性肝炎相关肝细胞肝癌的研究

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染不仅是造成慢性肝病的主要原因,同时也是部分国家和地区肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的主要病因。HCV的结构特点和生命周期的规律使感染易转为慢性化,病毒通过其基因组编码的若干蛋白使肝细胞发生转化。在此过程中,肝脏反复发生的损伤和修复、肝纤维化和肝硬化是HCC发生过程中的几个关键阶段。反应性氧分子家族的作用和HCV感染造成肝细胞基因的遗传损伤可能是导致肝细胞癌变的重要机制。运用体外细胞转染方法和转基因动物模型研究HCV-HCC发病机制已取得一定进展,并将成为研究的主要手段。     

丙型病毒性肝炎相关肝细胞肝癌的研究

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染不仅是造成慢性肝病的主要原因,同时也是部分国家和地区肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的主要病因.HCV的结构特点和生命周期的规律使感染易转为慢性化,病毒通过其基因组编码的若干蛋白使肝细胞发生转化.在此过程中,肝脏反复发生的损伤和修复、肝纤维化和肝硬化是HCC发生过程中的几个关键阶段.反应性氧分子家族的作用和HCV感染造成肝细胞基因的遗传损伤可能是导致肝细胞癌变的重要机制.运用体外细胞转染方法和转基因动物模型研究HCV-HCC发病机制已取得一定进展,并将成为研究的主要手段.     

湖南地区丙型肝炎病毒基因型在肝细胞癌组织中的分布

采用型特异性引物ＰＣＲ分型法对５０例肝细胞癌组织中感染的丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）进行基因分型。结果显示：单独ＨＣＶⅡ型感染为６０％（３０／５０）；单独Ⅲ型感染６％（３／５０）；感染为Ⅱ＋Ⅲ型１０％（５／５０），Ⅱ＋Ⅳ型为１６％（８／５０），Ⅱ＋Ⅰ＋Ⅲ型为４％（２／５０）；Ⅰ￣Ⅳ型均阴性的病例４％（２／５０）。表明湖南地区肝细胞癌患者的ＨＣＶ感染以Ⅱ型为主，并存在Ⅱ型与其它型的混合感染；少数病例可能系     

Detection of Replicate hepatitix C virus sequence in hepatocellular carcinoma ,

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乙型肝炎表面抗原定量与原发性肝癌的相关性研究

目的：比较慢性乙型肝炎( CHB)与HBV相关性原发性肝癌患者中乙肝表面抗原( HBsAg)和HBV DNA载量情况。方法采用化学发光法检测403例CHB及肝细胞肝癌( HCC)患者血清乙型肝炎病毒标志物滴度,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测患者血清HBV DNA载量。403例患者按照临床诊断分为CHB组(209例)和HCC组(194例)。结果 CHB组：血清HBsAg 滴度≥250 IU/mL者占89．00%;HBV DNA≥1000 copies /mL者占88．40%。 HCC组：血清HBsAg滴度≥250 IU/mL者占79．90%;HBV DNA≥1000 copies /mL 者占67．70%。两组HBsAg≥250 IU/mL患者的比例差异、HBV DNA≥1000 copies/mL 患者的比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0．05)。结论与CHB相比,HBV相关性原发性肝癌患者HBsAg、HBV DNA载量较低。     

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection associated with dermatomyositis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Dermatomyositis is a rare and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with characteristic cutaneous manifestations. In recent years, some researchers have showed the cause of dermatomyositis might be due to an autoimmune response induced by viral infections. However, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection associated with dermatomyositis is very rare. In this report, we present a patient with dematomyositis with abnormal liver function test results and elevated alfa-fetoprotein level. After excluding multiple viral infections known to cause myositis, the case was proven to be chronic hepatitis C by positive HCV-RNA in the serum. Abdominal computed tomography showed a liver tumor on the right lobe and needle biopsy proved it to be hepatocellular carcinoma. Chronic hepatitis C or hepatocellular carcinoma might cause dermatomyositis by inducing the formation of autoantibodies. Chronic hepatitis C or hepatocellular carcinoma should be considered in patients of dermatomyositis if no other cause is found.     

丙型肝炎病毒与肝细胞癌关系研究进展

据估计，目前全世界感染丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)者约l.7亿。我国大陆以HCVlb、2a型为多，其中肝细胞癌(HCC)和(或)癌周肝组织HCV抗原阳性率达36．2％(25／69)～72．7％(48／66)，这种差异与检测方法的不同有关。HCV感染后通常经由慢性肝炎→肝硬化路径引起HCC。HCV抗原表达与肝细胞恶性转化和肿瘤相关基因的功能改变有关，是HCC发生的重要危险因子之一。     

丙型肝炎病毒感染与HCC相关性的研究

目的：探讨丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染与肝细胞癌发生的关系。方法：用聚合酶链反应（PCR）对淮南地区92例肝癌、117例肝硬化和100例肝癌切 除的肝组织标本进行HCV-RNA检测,并以限制性片段长度多态性分析对其中89例HCV-RNA阳性血清进行了HCV基因分型。结果：肝癌组HCV感染率29.3%,肝硬化组HCV感染率26.5%,肝组织标本组HCV感染率31.0%;各组均以HCVⅡ型为（65.2%）,HCVⅢ型次之（31.5%)。结论：淮南地区肝癌的诱发与HCV感染密切相关,HCVⅡ型在本地区HCV相关性肝癌和肝硬化的发生中可能起主要作用。     

丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原检测技术的临床应用

目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心抗原检测[酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)]法的临床应用价值。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)-荧光探针法对临床HCV感染者血浆进行HCV-RNA检测,并用ELISA对标本进行HCV抗体和HCV核心抗原的检测。结果87例HCV感染者HCV-RNA的检出率为75%(65/87);HCV抗体的检出率为95%(83/87);HCV核心抗原的检出率为67%(58/87)。另有2例标本HCV抗体阴性,而HCV核心抗原阳性,HCV-RNA也为阳性。结论HCV核心抗原的检测对HCV感染的早期诊断有重要价值。     

Early detection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Screening for primary hepatocellular carcinoma among persons infected with hepatitis B virus

High rates of hepatitis B virus infection and primary hepatocellular carcinoma are present among Alaskan Natives. To determine if primary hepatocellular carcinoma could be detected at an early surgically resectable stage, serological screening for elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels was done semiannually among Alaskan Natives infected with hepatitis B virus. During a 26-month screening period, 3,387 alpha-fetoprotein tests were performed on 1,394 persons. Of 126 persons with elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein (greater than 25 ng/mL), nine males were found to have primary hepatocellular carcinoma (all with alpha-fetoprotein levels greater than 350 ng/mL). Six of these nine persons were asymptomatic for primary hepatocellular carcinoma and four had small tumors (less than 6 cm) that were surgically resected. After surgery, the alpha-fetoprotein levels in all four patients fell to normal and have remained normal after a follow-up of four to 20 months (median, ten months). alpha-Fetoprotein screening proved to be an effective approach in this population in detecting primary hepatocellular carcinoma at a potentially curable stage and should be considered in other individuals or populations infected with hepatitis B virus.     

丙肝病毒核心抗原检测在丙肝病毒感染诊断中的作用研究

目的探讨丙肝核心抗原检测在丙肝感染诊断中的作用。方法收集175例丙肝抗体检测标本同时检测HCVAb、HCV游离抗原、HCV总抗原、HCVRNA。结果 75例HCVAb阳性反应标本,检出HCV游离抗原阳性17例,HCV总抗原阳性54例,HCVRNA阳性50例;100例HCVAb阴性反应标本,检出HCV游离抗原阳性1例,HCV总抗原阳性2例,HCVRNA阳性1例。结论 HCV核心抗原是HCV早期感染的标志之一,检测HCV核心抗原有利于HCV感染的早期诊断。     

Immunohistochemical study of transferrin receptor expression in hepatocellular carcinoma]

By means of immunohistochemical technique ABC, using monoclonal anti-transferrin receptor (TFR) antibodies WuT9 and OKT9, TFR expression in 30 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in 6 cases of organs and tissues of normal human bodies was studied. It was revealed that large amount of TFR were expressed in liver cancer cells, but not in the surrounding mesenchymal cells as demonstrated by intense immunostaining in cancer nests, and even not in the surrounding mesenchyma of those HCC patients with negative AFP in their serum. In normal human body, only small amount of TFR in limited sites was found without free antigen in blood stream. Thus, it followed that TFR as a structural antigen of HCC was expressed with higher relative specificity than AFP, and TFR may be considered a tumor marker and therapeutic target of HCC.     

肝细胞癌组织中P16蛋白表达与丙型肝炎病毒感染的关系

目的：研究肝细胞癌（Ｈｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒ ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ,ＨＣＣ）组织中Ｐ１６蛋白表达与丙型肝炎病毒（Ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｃｖｉｒｕｓ,ＨＣＶ）感染的关系。方法：用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测４６例ＨＣＣ及其癌旁肝组织中Ｐ１６蛋白和ＨＣＶ抗原的表达。结果：Ｐ１６蛋白的阴性表达率在ＨＣＣ癌组织（５８．７％,２７／４６）明显高于其癌旁组织（３６．８％,１４／３８）（Ｐ〈０．０５）,在Ｅｄｍｏｎｄｓ     

Presence of hepatitis B surface antigen before primary hepatocellular carcinoma

In a study of 7,498 men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii, 18 incident cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma were identified after the follow-up period of 13 years. Sixteen of the 18 patients had stored serum specimens available for analysis. Ten of the 16 had positive serum test results for hepatitis B surface antigen in their original specimens. None of 48 matched controls subjects, whose stored serum specimens were also analyzed, had similar positive test results. This finding indicates that hepatitis B surface antigenemia preceded primary hepatocellular carcinoma in many patients.     

丙型肝炎病毒感染与肝细胞癌

目的;了解丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染与肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）的关系。方法：采用ＥＬＩＳＡ和聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）对皖北地区８７例肝细胞癌、８０例肝硬化和１００名健康对照进行乙肝型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）、ＨＣＶ血甭标志和ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检测。结果;皖北地区肝癌和肝硬化的发生,除与ＨＢＶ感染密切相关外,与ＨＣＶ感染亦密切相关。     

丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原检测的临床应用探讨

[目的]探讨HCV核心抗原在HCV感染诊断和治疗中的作用。[方法]对173例HCV感染患者血清和82例健康对照者血清,使用ELISA法分别检测抗-HCV、总的HCV核心抗原,使用荧光定量RT-PCR检测HCV RNA。[结果]173例HCV感染者抗-HCV均为阳性。HCV RNA阳性率为49.7%(86/173);HCV核心抗原阳性率为36.4%(63/173)。二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。86例HCV RNA阳性标本中,HCV核心抗原阳性60例(69.8%);HCV核心抗原阴性26例(30.2%)。82例健康对照者抗-HCV、HCV核心抗原、HCV RNA均为阴性。[结论]在没有HCV RNA检测资格的实验室,HCV核心抗原检测可作为病毒存在和复制的一个指标,作为抗-HCV检测的补充试验。