后程加速超分割适形放疗同步化疗治疗食管癌的临床观察

目的:观察后程加速超分割适形放疗同步化疗治疗食管癌临床疗效。方法:69例患者随机分为两组:后加组(后程加速超分割适形放疗同步化疗组)35例和对照组(常规分割放疗同步化疗组)34例。采用6/15MVX线外照射,后加组常规分割放疗40Gy/20次后改为2次/d,间隔>6h,1.4Gy/次,总剂量为65.2Gy/38次。对照组2Gy/次,5次/周,总剂量60～66Gy。两组均从放疗第1天开始化疗,化疗方案如下:顺铂(DDP)20mg,替加氟1.0g,甲酰四氢叶酸钙(CF)0.2g,均静脉滴入,d1～d5,21d为1个周期。结果:后加组与对照组1年局部控制率分别为85.7%(30/35)和64.7%(22/34),P=0.043;后加组1年总生存率及疾病无进展生存率分别为77.2%和52.9%,对照组分别为71.5%和47.1%,P值分别为0.035和0.039;后加组2年预期生存率和疾病无进展生存率分别为68.9%和44.2%,对照组分别为60.0%和35.3%,P值分别为0.039和0.040。后加组Ⅱ、Ⅲ级急性放射性食管炎发生率分别为8.6%(3/35)和5.7%(2/35),对照组分别为8.8%(3/34)和5.9%(2/34);后加组Ⅱ、Ⅲ级急性放射性肺炎发生率分别为2.9%(1/35)和0,对照组分别为5.9%(2/34)和2.9%(1/34)。结论:与对照组相比,后程加速超分割适形放疗同步化疗治疗食管癌明显提高了患者的近期疗效及局部控制率,且正常组织的放射性损伤未明显增加。     

食管癌后程加速超分割放疗联合同期化疗的临床研究

目的 比较后程加速超分割三维适形放疗和常规分割三维适形放疗联合同期化疗TP(紫杉醇加顺铂)方案治疗食管癌的疗效与不良反应.方法 回顾性分析46例初治食管鳞癌患者.其中后程加速超分割三维适形放疗(后超组)和常规分割三维适形放疗(对照组)联合同期化疗TP治疗各23例.后超组:先行放疗DT 41.4 Gy/23次,1.8 Gy/次,每天1次;后程缩野放疗DT 21～27 Gy/14～ 18次,1.5 Gy/次,每天2次;全疗程40-44天.对照组:2.0 Gy/次,每天1次,先放疗23次,再缩野放疗至DT 60 ～ 66 Gy/30 ～ 33次,全疗程40-45天.两组均在放疗同期加用2周期TP(紫杉醇联合顺铂)方案化疗.分析两组的1、2年局控率和生存率以及急、慢性不良反应.结果 随访9-39月,后超组1、2年局控率分别为65.2％、56.5％,对照组分别为52.2％、39.1％ (P ＞0.05).后超组1、2年生存率分别为69.6％、34.8％,对照组分别为47.8％、21.7％ (P ＞0.05).后超组和对照组3、4级急性食管炎发生率为39.1％、8.7％(P＜0.05);3、4级急性支气管炎发生率为34.8％、8.7％(P＜0.05);Ⅲ～Ⅳ度粒细胞减少为30.4％、26.1％ (P＞0.05);≥Ⅱ级放射性肺纤维化为13.0％、17.4％ (P ＞0.05).结论 食管癌后程加速超分割放射治疗联合同期TP化疗有提高局部控制率和生存率的趋势,但急性不良反应有所提高,但可耐受.     

食管癌后程加速超分割放疗同期化疗的Ⅲ期临床研究

目的观察食管癌单纯后程加速超分割放疗和后程加速超分割放疗加PF方案同期化疗的副反应,分析治疗失败原因和生存情况。方法111例食管鳞癌随机分成单纯后程加速超分割放疗组(放疗组)57例,后程加速超分割放疗加PF方案同期化疗组(放化疗组)54例。放疗组前2/3疗程放疗用常规分割放疗,后1/3疗程缩野加速超分割放疗,总剂量68．4 Gy(41分次,42～44d完成)。放化疗组放疗方案同单纯放疗组,化疗在放疗的第1天开始,顺铂25mg/(m~2·d)3 d,氟尿嘧啶600mg/ (m~2·d)3d,4周为1个疗程,共4个疗程。结果中位随访时间67．1个月(47．6～76．4个月)。放化疗组1、3、5年生存率分别为67%、44%和40%,放疗组分别为77%、39%和28%(P=0．310)。放化疗组3+4级急性毒副反应为42%,放疗组为25%(P＜0．05)。放化疗组有3例患者在治疗过程中死亡。结论后程加速超分割放疗加PF方案同期化疗食管癌比单纯后程加速超分割放疗有提高生存率的趋势,但急性毒副反应明显增加,最终结论需大样本的研究结果。     

头颈部鳞癌同步放化疗研究现状

同步放化疗是治疗局部晚期头颈部鳞癌的主要治疗方案,与传统放疗相比有较多优势,不良反应虽增加,但在辅助治疗下可以耐受.其化疗药物以顺铂和氟尿嘧啶为主.先行诱导化疗,再行同步放化疗能提高局部控制率,减少远处转移,明显提高患者生存率.同步放化疗建议采用调强放疗,在选择合适的分割剂量前提下,后程加速放疗或加速超分割放疗能取得较好的疗效.     

后程加速超分割三维适形放疗同步化疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床研究

目的 探讨后程加速超分割三维适形放疗同步化疗治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效和不良反应。方法 将122例食管癌患者随机分为后程加速超分割三维适形放疗同步化疗组（观察组）60例和三维适形同步放化疗组（对照组）62例。两组前程放疗均行直线加速器三维适形照射至剂量46 Gy/23次,对照组后程放疗继续行常规分割照射至总剂量62 Gy,观察组后程改用加速超分割放疗,分次剂量1.4 Gy/次,2次/d,2次间隔时间＞6 h,至总剂量62.8 Gy。两组均于放疗同期采用紫杉醇联合顺铂2个周期方案化疗,放疗结束继续行1～２个周期巩固化疗,28 d为1个周期。结果 观察组和对照组有效率分别为88.3%和64.5%,观察组1年、2年局部控制率分别为 74.3% 、58.7%,对照组分别为53.6%、32.6%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组1年、2年生存率分别为66.7%、55.0%,对照组分别为 53.2%、43.5%,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组急性不良反应和晚期放射反应以Ⅰ～Ⅱ级为主,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 后程加速超分割三维适形放疗同步化疗治疗中晚期食管癌较三维适形同步放化疗可提高近期疗效及局部控制率,不良反应较轻,患者均能耐受。     

精确放疗同步含顺铂方案化疗治疗局部晚期食管鳞癌的临床分析

目的 分析局部晚期食管鳞癌进行精确放疗同步顺铂或顺铂联合紫杉醇脂质体化疗的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 收集精确放疗同步含顺铂方案化疗的局部晚期食管鳞癌46例,其中单药顺铂化疗（RT+P组）26例,顺铂联合紫杉醇脂质体化疗（RT+TP组）20例。回顾性分析两种同步放化疗方法的近期疗效,1、2及3年生存率以及放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制等不良反应发生率,并与同期17例单纯放疗（RT组）病例进行比较。结果 三组患者观察期内均未出现Ⅳ~Ⅴ级不良反应。三组仅12%~15%的患者出现Ⅰ~Ⅱ级放射性肺炎,发生率低、程度轻,三组相互间差异无统计学意义（P=0.939）。RT组的Ⅰ~Ⅱ级胃肠道反应发生率及Ⅲ级骨髓抑制发生率均明显低于其他组。同步放化疗组的治疗有效率高于单纯放疗组,但差异无统计学意义（P=0.161）。同步放化疗组总的1、2、3年生存率及中位生存期均高于单纯放疗组。RT+TP组的生存率明显优于RT组（P=0.019）。结论 精确放疗同步顺铂联合紫杉醇脂质体化疗治疗局部晚期食管鳞癌,具有较好的近期疗效及生存获益,明显优于单纯放疗。     

同步放化疗加后程加速超分割放疗治疗食管癌的临床研究

目的 探讨同步放化疗加后程加速超分割放疗治疗食管癌的疗效和毒副反应.方法 2003年1月至2004年12月对100例食管癌随机分为同步放化疗加后程加速超分割放疗组(试验组)和单纯放疗组(对照组).两组放射治疗均行体膜固定,拟机下定位,6 MV-X 线直线加速器等中心照射.常规分割放疗DT 36 Gy/18次后缩野,对照组继续行常规分割放疗DT 2 Gy/次,每天1次.至DT 70 Gy;试验组改用加速超分割放疗,DT 1.4 Gy/次,每天2次,间隔4～6 h,至DT 70 Gy.试验组放疗的同时,每周一均行化疗,顺铂50 mg/次,静滴,共6～7次.结果 试验组完全缓解率42%,对照组24%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).试验组1、3年局部控制率及生存率分别为86%、56%和76%、46%,对照组为58%、36%和56%、22%,试验组1、3年局部控制率及生'存率均明显好于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).放射性食管炎、白细胞减少和胃肠道毒副反应,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 同步放化疗加后程加速超分割放疗是治疗食管癌的有效方法,较单纯放疗有明显的优势,可提高近期疗效和1、3年局部控制率及生存率,与治疗相关的毒副反应较轻,患者均能耐受,值得推广应用.     

后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ a期鼻咽癌的临床研究

目的 : 研究后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ a期鼻咽癌的疗效 . 方法 : 将 100例Ⅲ、Ⅳ a期鼻咽癌随机分为后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗组及常规分割放疗联合化疗组 . 后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗组于放疗前先行诱导化疗 2次 ; 化疗后先行常规分割放疗至鼻咽部剂量为 40 Gy,缩野后行后程加速超分割放疗至鼻咽部总剂量为 70 Gy; 于放疗结束后再行辅助化疗 2次 . 常规分割放疗联合化疗组化疗方法与后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗组相同 ; 放疗采用常规分割 , 鼻咽部总剂量为 70 Gy. 结果 : 后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗组及常规分割放疗联合化疗组的 2年实际生存率分别为 83.6% 及 79.7% (P >0.05);2年无瘤生存率分别为 76.5% 及 59.1% (P< 0.05) ; 2年局部区域无复发生存率分别为 90.0% 及 69.7% (P< 0.05). 后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗组有 2例出现放射性后组脑神经损伤 , 常规分割放疗联合化疗组无严重后期并发症 . 结论 : 后程加速超分割放疗联合化疗较常规分割放疗联合化疗提高了Ⅲ、Ⅳ a期鼻咽癌的 2年局部区域无复发生存率及 2年无瘤生存率 , 但增加了后期并发症的发生率 , 其长期疗效及后期不良反应有待进一步随访观察 .     

周剂量紫杉醇同步后程加速超分割放疗治疗24例食管癌

[目的]观察后程加速超分割放疗结合化疗治疗食管癌的临床疗效。[方法]对24例食管癌患者,放疗采用6MV-X线外照射,前2/3疗程每次2.0Gy,共40Gy,后1/3疗程每天2次,1.5Gy/次,间隔6h或以上,加量27Gy;化疗采用紫杉醇60mg,静脉滴注3h,放疗开始当天给药,以后隔7d给药一次,用药前给予预处理。[结果]24例患者全部完成治疗计划,食管病灶完全缓解为41.6%,部分缓解为37.5%,无变化和进展为20.8%,其总有效率为79.1%;Ⅰ￣Ⅱ级急性骨髓抑制发生率为58.3%,Ⅲ￣Ⅳ级为29.1%;Ⅰ￣Ⅱ级急性放射性食管炎为62.5%,Ⅲ￣Ⅳ级为20.8%;Ⅰ￣Ⅱ级急性放射性气管炎为29.1%,Ⅲ￣Ⅳ级为8.3%。1年生存率为70.8%,2年生存率为58.3%,3年生存率为41.6%。[结论]周剂量紫杉醇同步后程加速超分割放疗治疗食管癌,近期放射反应较重,但绝大多数患者可耐受,有较好的局部控制率和近期生存率。     

影像引导后程加速超分割调强适形放疗联合奈达铂治疗食管癌的临床观察

摘 要：［目 的］ 观察影像引导后程加速超分割放疗联合奈达铂化疗治疗食管癌的有效性及安全性。［方法］ 2016年1月至2017年3月60例食管癌初治患者按照随机数字表法分为后程加速超分割放疗联合奈达铂化疗(观察组)和后程加速超分割放疗联合多西他赛+顺铂化疗(对照组),各30例,放疗采用影像引导调强适形精确放疗技术,6MV-X线,4～5个共面或非共面适形照射野,前程GTV 和GTVnd总剂量44Gy,2.2Gy/次,共20次,CTV总剂量36Gy,1.8Gy/次,共20次,5次/周;后程GTV和GTVnd总剂量18Gy,1.5Gy/次,共12次,CTV总剂量13.2Gy,1.1Gy/次,共12次。化疗：观察组单药奈达铂40mg/m2静脉滴注,放疗期间1次/周。对照组：多西他赛60mg/m2静脉滴注d1,顺铂25mg/m2静脉滴注d1-3,放疗第1、28天开始化疗。比较两组近期有效率、不良反应发生率、局控率和生存率。［结果］ 两组近期疗效评价差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组与对照组中位局部控制时间分别为(24.0±4.1)个月(95%CI：15.9~32.1)和(26.0±2.2)个月(95%CI：21.7~30.2),1-、2-、3-年局部控制率分别为80.0%、53.3%、33.3%和76.7%、63.3%、36.7%(χ2=0.575,P=0.448),中位生存期分别为(27.0±3.4)个月(95%CI：20.4~33.6)和(32.0±3.0)个月(95%CI：26.2~37.8),1-、2-、3-年生存率分别为83.3%、66.7%、40.0%和86.7%、70.0%、46.7%（χ2=0.425,P=0.515）。观察组心脏、肾脏和放射性食管炎不良反应发生率均低于对照组（P=0.036、0.038、0.032）,胃肠道反应及血液学不良反应无差异。［结论］ 影像引导后程加速超分割调强适形放疗同步奈达铂周化疗治疗食管癌有效性与后程加速超分割放疗同步多西他赛联合顺铂方案相似,安全性更优于放疗同步两药联合方案。     

Cisplatin, ifosfamide, oral etoposide, and concurrent accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiation for patients with limited small-cell lung carcinoma: results of radiation therapy oncology group trial 93-12.

PURPOSE: The combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and oral etoposide (PIEo) given concurrently with accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiation was studied in patients with limited small-cell lung cancer in a phase II trial to assess response, survival, and toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-seven patients were accrued between March 1994 and April 1996. Chemotherapy doses were cisplatin 20 mg/m(2) and ifosfamide 1,200 mg/m(2) on days 1 to 3 and etoposide 40 mg/m(2) administered orally days 1 through 14. Radiation consisted of accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiation (AHTRT) 1.5 Gy bid x 30 fractions (total 45 Gy) days 1 through 19, concurrent with cycle 1 of chemotherapy. Three additional cycles of chemotherapy were given every 4 weeks after completion of chemoradiation. Prophylactic cranial radiation (25 Gy in 10 fractions) was offered to patients for whom complete response (CR) after completion of chemotherapy was achieved. RESULTS: An overall objective response rate of 78% (41 CRs [67%] and seven partial responses [11%]) was seen in 61 patients whose disease response could be evaluated. Median progression-free and overall survival estimates were 12.7 and 23.7 months, respectively. Two- and 3-year survival rates were estimated at 50% and 39%, respectively. Major toxic effects included grade 4 granulocytopenia in 34 (55%), grade 4 thrombocytopenia in 16 (26%), grade 3 to 5 fever/infection in six (10%; with one death resulting from sepsis), and grade 3/4 esophagitis in 27 patients (43%). Other nonhematologic toxic greater than grade 2 occurred in 11 patients (18%). CONCLUSION: Relative to conventional etoposide/cisplatin and concurrent AHTRT, chemoradiation with PIEo produced similar median and 2-year survival rates and a higher rate of acute esophageal toxicity. However, the locoregional control rate with a minimum follow-up of 2 years is excellent at 80%. It is conceivable that longer follow-up will prove this regimen more promising. Research efforts should focus on other methods to improve disease control in all potential sites of recurrence.     

Hyperfractionated radiotherapy and concomitant cisplatin for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas: final results of a single institutional program

SUMMARY: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to achieve locoregional control of locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma, survival, and organ preservation using split hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy and cisplatin concomitantly. This study was a phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy with split hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy, 1.6 Gy per fraction given twice per day to a total dose of 64 to 67.2 Gy for a total of 6 weeks with a 2-week gap, and cisplatin 20 mg/m2, days 1 to 5, in continuous perfusion, concomitantly. Seventy-three patients were treated (stage IV, 64%). At a median follow-up of 55 months for living patients, median survival was 44 months, and 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival were 42% and 39%, respectively. Toxicities included mucositis (grade III, 40%; grade IV, 28%), epithelitis (grade III, 28%). Of the 73 patients, 32 (44%) have continued with their larynx free of disease. Split hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy and concomitant cisplatin has been demonstrated to be an active treatment for locally advanced laryngeal carcinomas, but more active combinations of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, without increase of toxicity, are necessary to increase the rate of locoregional control, organ preservation, and survival.     

食管癌患者同期放化疗顺铂加氟尿嘧啶方案Ⅱ期临床试验

背景与目的：国外已有研究表明,同期放化疗是局部晚期食管癌的标准治疗方案,但国内文献报道同期放化疗的疗效不尽相同,同期放化疗能否提高生存率尚无定论。本研究目的是评价PF方案同期放化疗对食管癌的疗效,并观察毒性。方法：44例食管鳞癌患者随机分为同期放化疗组（简称同期组）和后程加速超分割组（简称后超组）。同期组22例,全程常规分割照射,每天一次,每次2．0Gy,每周5次,25分割,总剂量50Gy。于放疗的第1天开始化疗：顺铂52．5mg／m^2 d1,氟尿嘧啶700mg／m^2 d1-d5,每28d重复,共4周期。后超组22例：总剂量60Gv,前半程30Gv同放化疗组,3周完成;后半程30Gv加速超分割照射,每日2次,间隔至少6h,每次1．5Gy,每周10次,2周完成。结果：同期组有效率高于后超组,分别为95．5％和86．4％,但差异无统计学意义（P=0．607）。同期组2年局控率和2年生存率分别为72．2％和56．7％,后超组分别为39．0％和31．6％。同期组获得了更高的局控率和生存率,但只有局控率差异有统计学意义（P=0．014）。两组的主要急性反应为放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎,晚期反应为食管和肺损伤。两组的急性和晚期反应均较轻。结论：同期放化疗与后程加速超分割相比,显著提高了食管癌局控率,有提高生存率的趋势,毒性可以耐受。     

局部晚期食管鳞癌诱导化疗联合大分割放疗的近期疗效分析

目的:探讨采用诱导化疗联合大分割模式治疗食管癌的急性反应和近期疗效.方法:将符合入组条件的33例食管鳞癌患者先行多西他赛和顺铂诱导化疗2个周期,然后进行适形放射治疗,其中每次肿瘤区域的剂量为2.5 Gy,临床靶区的剂量为2 Gy;5次/周,共26次.结果:治疗结束时全组患者总有效率为93.9％(31/33),其中完全缓解(CR)率为60.6％(20/33),部分缓解(PR)率为33.3％(11/33).1和2年生存率分别为83.0％和51.1％.30.3％(10/33)的患者出现3级白细胞计数降低,t5.2％(5/33)的患者出现3级急性放射性食管炎,均无4级急性反应.9.1％(3/33)的患者治疗后出现食管狭窄,需行食管扩张术.未发现放射性肺炎.结论:采用大分割放射治疗联合诱导化疗治疗局部晚期食管鳞癌是安全的,能提高部分患者的局部控制率和生存率,且急性反应小.     

多中心食管鳞状细胞癌提高三维放疗剂量临床疗效分析——3JECROG R-03

目的 比较食管鳞状细胞癌行根治性放疗不同放疗剂量对生存的影响,并探讨预后影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2002-2016年中国10所医疗中心2344例接受根治性放化疗/放疗的食管鳞状细胞癌患者临床资料,经1∶2倾向性评分配比(PSM),根据放疗剂量分为低剂量组(EQD2Gy<60Gy)303例,高剂量组(EQD2Gy≥60Gy)606例。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 中位随访时间为59.6个月。经PSM配比后,低剂量组和高剂量组的1、3、5年总生存率分别为66.5%、34.7%、27.2%和72.9%、41.7%、34.7%(P=0.018),无进展生存率分别为52.2%、27.2%、23.1%和58.3%、38.1%、33.9%(P=0.001)。单因素结果显示颈段/胸上段食管癌、临床分期早、无区域淋巴结转移、病变长度短、采用IMRT技术、接受同步化疗、EQD2Gy≥60Gy为总生存获益因素(均P<0.05)。多因素结果显示肿瘤部位、有无区域淋巴结转移、是否接受同步化疗以及EQD2Gy是影响总生存的重要因素(均P<0.05)。结论 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者应用三维适形或调强放疗EQD2Gy≥60Gy时生存获益。     

Clinical efficacy of dose escalation in 3-dimensional radiotherapy for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-multicenter retrospective analysis (3JECROG R-03)

Objective To evaluate the effect of definitive radiotherapy with different doses on overall survival (OS) and identify the prognostic factors of patients with non-metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Clinical data of 2344 ESCC patients treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) alone or chemoradiotherapy from 2002 to 2016 in 10 hospitals were collected and analyzed retrospectively. After the propensity score matching (PSM)(1 to 2 ratio), all patients were divided into the low-dose group (equivalent dose in 2Gy fractions,EQD2Gy<60 Gy;n=303) and high-dose group (EQD2Gy≥60 Gy;n=606) based on the dose of radiation. Survival analysis was conducted by Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate prognostic analysis was performed by Cox′s regression model. Results The median follow-up time was 59.6 months. After the PSM, the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 66.5%,34.7%,27.2% in the low-dose group, 72.9%,41.7% and 34.7% in the high-dose group, respectively (P=0.018). The 1-, 3-and 5-year progression-free survival rate was 52.2%,27.2%,23.1% in the low-dose group, 58.3%,38.1% and 33.9% in the high-dose group, respectively (P=0.001). The outcomes of univariate analysis indicated that cervical/upper esophagus location, early (stage Ⅱ) AJCC clinical stage, node negative status, tumor length ≤5 cm, receiving intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), receiving concurrent chemotherapy and EQD2Gy≥60Gy were closely associated with better OS (all P<0.05). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that tumor location, regional lymph node metastasis, concurrent chemotherapy and EQD2Gy were the independent prognostic factors for OS (all P<0.05). Conclusion Three-dimensional conformal or IMRT with EQD2Gy≥60Gy yields favorable survival outcomes for patients with locally advanced ESCC.     

紫杉醇加顺铂同步放化疗治疗局部晚期食管癌的临床研究

目的:探讨紫杉醇加顺铂(TP)同步放化疗治疗局部晚期食管癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法:48例局部晚期食管癌患者,随机分成两组,每组24例,A组为单纯放疗组,B组为每周紫杉醇加顺铂同步放化疗组。两组均采用6MV或者18MVX射线放射治疗,食管癌原发灶剂量60～68Gy,区域淋巴结剂量50～60Gy。B组放疗同时给予紫杉醇40mg/m2 DDP20mg/m2,均于d1、d8、d15、d22、d29、d36静滴。结果:单纯放疗组和紫杉醇加顺铂组的有效率(CR PR)分别为75%和88%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组的1、3、5年局部无进展生存率分别为60.7%、21.0%和9.5%,71.2%、49.3%和19.2%,两组局部无进展生存率差异有显著性意义(P=0.034);两组的1、3、5年生存率分别为66.7%、25.0%和12.5%,79.2%、58.3%和29.2%,总生存率差异有显著性意义(P=0.041)。同步放化疗组的Ⅲ、Ⅳ级毒副反应高于单纯放疗组。结论:同步放化疗可提高局部晚期食管癌的无进展生存率和总生存率,但毒副反应有增加的趋势。     

三维适形放疗配合同期化疗治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发

目的 观察三维适形放疗（3 Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy,3DCRT）加每周顺铂单药同期化疗（Concurrent Chemotherapy,CT）治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发的临床疗效和治疗反应。方法 98例食管鳞癌,根治术后未经放化疗而胸内淋巴结复发,随机分为两组,单纯3DCRT组：全程3DCRT,处方剂量为95%PTV60~70Gy/30~35Fx;3DCRT+CT组：放疗同时采用每周DDP（30mg/m²）单药方案同期化疗,观察两组疗效和治疗反应。结果 3DCRT+CT组近期有效率明显优于3DCRT组(91.8%vs. 73.5%,P=0.016）,1、3年生存率也优于3DCRT组(85.7% vs. 69.4%,P=0.032;46.9% vs. 28.6%,P=0.038),5年总生存率两组差异无统计学意义(14.3%vs. 8.2%,P=0.051)。3DCRT+CT组死于远处转移5例,低于3DCRT组的13例（P=0.036）。3DCRT+CT组急性上消化道和骨髓不良反应较3DCRT组重（P＜0.05）,而后期并发症两组没有区别（P＞0.05）。结论 采用3DCRT配合同期化疗治疗食管癌根治术后胸内淋巴结复发是一种有效可行的方式,可提高肿瘤局部控制率,降低远处转移率,有提高长期生存率的趋势。     

Paclitaxel, cisplatin, and concurrent radiation for esophageal cancer

Paclitaxel is an active agent for adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus and is a radiation sensitizer. We sought to investigate the toxicity and complete response rate of paclitaxel, cisplatin, and concurrent radiation for esophageal cancer. Forty-one patients with esophageal cancer were studied, 29 with adenocarcinomas and 12 with squamous cell cancers. Twelve patients had tumor extension into the proximal stomach and/or abdominal adenopathy. Patients received paclitaxel 60 mg/m² by 3-hour intravenous (IV) infusion, and cisplatin 25 mg/m² weekly on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Radiation was administered concurrently to a total dose of 39.60 Gy, in 1.80 Gy fractions, for 22 treatments. Patients with medical or surgical contraindications to esophagectomy received 2 additional weeks of paclitaxel with a radiation boost to 50.4 Gy. Neutropenia was the most common grade 3/4 toxicity occurring in 10 patients (24%). Only 2 patients (5%) had grade 4 esophagitis requiring parenteral nutrition. Twelve patients (29%) obtained a complete response. The 2-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 40% and 42%, respectively. Esophagitis was less severe than expected and prophylactic enteral feeding tubes were not necessary. Additional effective systemic treatments are needed to reduce the development of distant metastases.