p16、Ki-67在宫颈鳞状上皮病变分级诊断中的意义

目的:探讨p16、Ki-67联合应用在宫颈鳞状上皮病变分级诊断中的意义.方法:采用免疫组化方法检测117例宫颈各类病变活检组织中p16、Ki-67蛋白表达情况,并对该组患者液基薄层细胞学(TCT)、高危型人乳头瘤病毒基因检测(HPV-DNA)结果进行比较.结果:根据HE组织学形态,结合免疫组化染色结果修订原有诊断,其中LSIL、HSIL的构成比差异有统计学意义.p16在LSIL、HSIL中的阳性表达率分别为0.00%、97.30%,Ki-67则分别为21.57%、67.58%(P<0.05).TCT和HPV-DNA检测HSIL的敏感度89.19%,特异度39.61%.联合应用p16、Ki-67的敏感度46.67%,特异度95.74%.结论:联合免疫组化染色检测p16、Ki-67可作为宫颈鳞状上皮病变分级诊断的重要标记物.联合TCT、HPV-DNA在宫颈癌筛查中有较高的敏感度,但特异度有限,需与p16、Ki-67免疫组化染色相结合.     

p16和Ki-67免疫组化检测与宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)程度的相关性分析

目的:分析免疫组化检测p16和Ki-67与宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）严重程度的关系,以及 p16联合Ki-67在高级别CIN鉴别中的效能。方法:采用回顾性研究,纳入2016年1月至2018年3月期间粤北人民医院经HE染色病理确诊的宫颈病变患者160例,其中慢性宫颈炎者共38例归为对照组,CINⅠ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级分别为41例、46例、35例;再将CIN患者分为低级别鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）和高级别鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）组。对比对照组与CINⅠ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级组、ISIL组、HSIL组p16及Ki-67阳性表达情况;采用Spearman相关性分析观察p16阳性表达、Ki-67阳性表达与CIN严重程度的关系。联合使用p16、Ki-67半定量评分,评估联合p16、Ki-67半定量评分诊断结果与病理结果一致性,评估效能。结果:CINⅠ-Ⅲ级组p16阳性率较对照组高,CINⅡ、Ⅲ级p16阳性率较CINⅠ级高;HSIL组阳性率较LSIL组高,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05。Ki-67在对照组中阳性率为0.00%,在LSIL组、HSIL组中分别为68.29%、100.00%。p16与宫颈病变程度呈正相关,r=0.692,P=0.021 0;Ki-67与宫颈病变程度呈正相关,r=0.612,P=0.001 8。p16联合Ki-67诊断炎症结果与病理完全一致,CINⅠ级共36例（87.80%）符合,CINⅡ级共43例（93.48%）符合,CINⅢ级共34例（97.14%）符合;LSIL符合率为87.80%（36/41）,HSIL符合率为95.06%（77/81）。p16联合Ki-67诊断LSIL敏感性、特异性为94.74%和97.58%,诊断HSIL敏感性、特异性分别为96.25%、98.81%,诊断CIN敏感性、特异性分别为92.62%、96.48%,其中LSIL敏感性高于单用,CIN诊断特异性较单用p16高,P＜0.05。结论:p16和Ki-67表达与宫颈上皮内瘤样病变严重程度密切相关,可以通过观察二者表达情况辅助CIN病情严重程度判断,联合p16和Ki-67免疫组化检测能提高诊断高级别鳞状上皮内病变诊断特异性、敏感性。     

宫颈鳞状上皮病变组织中乳头状瘤病毒和Ki-67及p16INK4a蛋白表达意义的研究

目的:探讨Ki-67、p16INK4a和人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)在不同程度宫颈鳞状上皮病变组织中的表达及临床病理意义.方法: 采用原位分子杂交及免疫组化方法,检测HPV的不同亚型、Ki-67、p16INK4a蛋白在182例不同程度宫颈病变组织中的表达.结果: HPV在不同程度病变中总检出率52.19%(95/182);在宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变及鳞癌组中检出最多的感染类型为HPV16/18,而HPV6/11在尖锐湿疣组检出率87.50%(21/24)最高;随着宫颈病变严重程度的增加,级别升高,Ki-67、p16INK4a阳性程度呈递增趋势.Ki-67、p16INK4a与HPV16/18型感染关系密切,χ2=11.779 8, P<0.01;Ki-67也与HPV6/11型有关.结论: HPV16/18型及Ki-67、p16INK4a 在宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变及鳞癌中表达明显升高,可能对宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展具有协同作用.     

液基薄层细胞学检测联合宫颈活检对诊断宫颈鳞状上皮病变的临床价值

目的:探讨液基薄层细胞学检测(liquid-based thinPrep cytology test,TCT)联合宫颈活检对诊断宫颈鳞状上皮病变的临床价值.方法:应用TCT对30350例受检者进行宫颁细胞学检查,细胞学检查结果为鳞状上皮异常者,进行阴道镜活检及病理检查.结果:TCT检出鳞状上皮异常者1 824例(6.01％),其中无明确意义的不典型鳞状细胞(atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance,ASC-US)1423例,不除外高度鳞状上皮病变的不典型鳞状细胞(atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade intraepithelial lesion,ASC-H)214例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion,LSIL) 92例,高度鳞状上皮内病变(high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion,HSIL) 80例,鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma,SCC) 15例.与活检病理检测结果相比,1423例ASC-US中,宫颁上皮内瘤样病变-Ⅰ级(grade Ⅰ cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN-Ⅰ)202例、CIN- Ⅱ和CIN- Ⅲ 22例、SCC 1例;214例ASC-H中,CIN-Ⅰ 12例、CIN-Ⅱ和CIN-Ⅲ 101例、SCC5例:LSIL、HSIL及SCC组中与组织病理检测结果的符合率分别为63.04％( 58/92)、81.25％ (65/80)及100％( 15/15),SCC组和HSIL组的组织学符合率高于LSIL组(P＜0.01).结论:TCT与阴道镜活检病理检测结果有较高的符合率,二者联合能提高宫颈癌前病变及癌变的检出率.     

p16INK4a免疫细胞化学检测在筛查宫颈癌中的作用

目的 探讨p16^INK4a免疫细胞化学检测在筛查宫颈癌及其癌前病变中的作用。方法 选择220例宫颈液基细胞学剩余标本,制作液基薄片进行p16^INK4a 免疫细胞化学检测,随访组织活检结果,并与高危人乳头瘤病毒（HR—HPV）DNA检测结果进行对照。结果 p16^INK4a在宫颈细胞学诊断的鳞状细胞癌（SCC）、鳞状上皮内高度病变（HSIL）、鳞状上皮内低度病变（LSIL）、非典型鳞状细胞-小除外上皮内高度病变（ASC—H）和非典型鳞状细胞-不能明确意义（ASC—US）病例的阳性表达率分别为100．0％（7／7）、92．2％（107／116）、24．3％（17／70）、100．0％（14／14）和36．4％（4／11）。150例p16^INK4a阳性者中,111例有组织活检诊断,其中宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）2级及以上病变者97例（87．4％）;70例p16^INK4a阴性者中,18例有组织活检诊断,无一例CIN2及以上病变。p16^INK4a在CIN2及以上病变与在CIN1之间的阳性表达率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,而HR-HPV DNA的阳性率在两者之间差异无统计学意义。结论 p16^INK4a在宫颈HSIL及以上病变中高表达,有利于高危病例的筛选。     

宫颈鳞状上皮病变组织中乳头状瘤病毒和Ki-67及p16^INK4a蛋白表达意义的研究

目的：探讨Ki-67、p16^INK4a和人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）在不同程度宫颈鳞状上皮病变组织中的表达及临床病理意义。方法：采用原位分子杂交及免疫组化方法,检测HPV的不同亚型、Ki-67、p16^INK4a蛋白在182例不同程度宫颈病变组织中的表达。结果：HPV在不同程度病变中总检出率52.19%（95/182）;在宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变及鳞癌组中检出最多的感染类型为HPV16/18,而HPV6/11在尖锐湿疣组检出率87.50%（21/24）最高;随着宫颈病变严重程度的增加,级别升高,Ki-67、p16^INK4a阳性程度呈递增趋势。Ki-67、p16^INK4a与HPV16/18型感染关系密切,χ^2=11.779 8,P〈0.01;Ki-67也与HPV6/11型有关。结论：HPV16/18型及Ki-67、p16^INK4a在宫颈高级别上皮内瘤变及鳞癌中表达明显升高,可能对宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展具有协同作用。     

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变发生发展与p16/Ki-67共表达的相关性研究进展

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN）属于宫颈癌前病变,虽然CIN进展成宫颈癌时间一般较长,但其发病率增多及发病年龄变小,对女性身心健康造成严重影响。随着宫颈癌筛查技术的进步和分子生物学技术的发展,高级别的宫颈癌上皮内瘤样变的早期检查确认并进行阻断已成为筛查的目标。p16被认为是发现最早的抑癌基因,在鉴别低级别与高级别宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中有重要作用。Ki-67为常见肿瘤标志物,在多种肿瘤中表达。p16/Ki-67双染为新型宫颈病变筛查或诊断方法,即同一细胞内检测到p16、Ki-67共表达,则提示细胞周期失调,考虑为宫颈上皮内高级别瘤样病变。国内近年有研究报道p16和Ki-67在CIN中的作用,未见到相关的综述报道。本文对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变与p16/Ki-67共表达的相关性作一综述,为临床宫颈病变鉴别、诊断提供参考。     

生物学标志物在宫颈癌前病变诊断中的应用

宫颈癌前病变中存在表达异常的生物学标志物(p16INK4a、Ki-67等),大多与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染导致的分子改变相关.宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)并不能准确预测癌前病变的进展,临床上对意义不明不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)以及低级别鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)常过度解读,对有较高进展可能的癌前病变缺少准确的筛查方法.细胞学诊断分级联合生物学标志物检测,有助于预测癌前病变进展,排除形态学上难以鉴别的良性病变,为宫颈癌前病变筛查提供新的途径.     

宫颈液基细胞学标本中p16^INK4A的表达

[目的]探讨p16^INK4A在新柏氏宫颈液基细胞学（TCT）标本中各级宫颈上皮内瘤变的表达，评价其在宫颈病变中表达的意义。[方法]采用Envision法，检测76例TCT标本及相应宫颈活检组织中p16^INK4A表达。[结果]在TCT中，P16^INK4A在无上皮内病变（NILM）、非典型鳞状细胞（ASC）、低级别鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）、高级别鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）阳性表达率分别为0、15．78％、45．45％、88％。在相应活检组织中，p16^INK4A在宫颈炎、CINI、CINⅡ、CINⅢ中阳性表达率分别为0、63．15％、89．28％、100％。p160^INK4A在TCT和相应活检组织中表达的符合率为91.23％。[结论]TCT标本的p16^INK4A表达检测可以提高宫颈高级别病变的检出率。     

细胞DNA倍体分析评估宫颈上皮内瘤变

目的评价通过细胞DNA倍体分析诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）的效果。方法对87例宫颈癌普查妇女用宫颈刷取材、液基薄层制片,由细胞学医师对巴氏染色片做常规细胞诊断,应用全自动DNA倍体分析仪对DNA染色片进行自动扫描诊断。对活检样本做出病理诊断,并应用免疫组化ABC法测定宫颈鳞状上皮细胞核内Ki67蛋白的表达。结果87例受检者中,常规细胞学诊断为正常30例,非典型鳞状细胞（ASCUS）20例,低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）30例,高度鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）7例;无异倍体细胞者26例,有异倍体细胞者61例,其中Ⅰ级17例,Ⅱ级21例,Ⅲ级23例。20例ASCUS者中,有7例无异倍体细胞,未发现一例CIN2以上级别的病理改变,Ki67阳性细胞分布在鳞状上皮下方37．1％范围内;13例有异倍体细胞者中,11例有CIN2以上病理改变,Ki67免疫阳性细胞分布于上皮层下46．2％范围内。30例LSIL者中,有7例未发现异倍体细胞,其中3例有CIN2以上病理改变,Ki67阳性细胞只分布在鳞状上皮下方37．1％范围内;23例伴有DNA异倍体细胞者中,22例发现CIN2以上病理改变,Ki67阳性细胞增至鳞状上皮层中上方62．6％范围内,与7例未发现异倍体细胞者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。7例HSIL病例中均有DNA异倍体细胞出现。以≥3个DNA异倍体细胞作为评估CIN2及以上病理改变的标准,其敏感性为72．7％,特异性为87．5％,阳性预测值为90．9％,阴性预测值为65．1％,均比以常规细胞学诊断为LSIL及以上级别作为评估CIN2及以上病理改变的标准（分别为58．2％、84．4％、86．5％和54．0％）要高。结论DNA倍体分析可诊断宫颈CIN病变,并预测其发展。     

P16/Ki-67 Dual Staining in Positive Human Papillomavirus DNA Testing for Predictive Diagnosis of Abnormal Cervical Lesions in Northeastern Thai Women

Objective: Cervical cancer screening can effectively reduce new cervical cancer cases, including in Thailand. The abnormal results are subsequently referred for colposcopy. To avoid unnecessary colposcopy, an efficient triage is still needed for validation. This study aimed to investigate the overall positivity of cytology-based screening, HPV detection, and p16/Ki-67 dual staining and evaluate different triage strategies for predictive diagnosis of abnormal cervical lesions in northeastern Thailand. Methods: Cervical cells were collected from 191 women who came for cervical screening in the gynecological outpatient department during March 2019-February 2020. Pap smear samples were classified into 6 groups including 17 atypical glandular cells (AGC), 21 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 7 atypical squamous cells - cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H), 26 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), 19 high-grade SILs (HSILs) and 101 no squamous intraepithelial lesion (noSIL). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for HPV DNA detection. HPV genotyping was determined by reverse line blot hybridization. P16/Ki-67 dual staining was performed by using CINtec PLUS Cytology kit. Biopsies from abnormal screening were collected for surgical pathology classification. Results: High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection was 2.97%, 29.41%, 38.10%, 57.14%, 46.15% and 84.21% in noSIL, AGC, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL and HSIL cytology respectively. P16/ Ki-67 in noSIL, AGC, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL and HSIL was 0.99%, 5.88%, 9.52%, 42.86%, 26.92% and 63.16%, respectively (P-value < 0.001). Among p16/Ki-67 positive cases, 96.15% (25/26) were infected with HPV and 84.62% (22/26) were HR-HPV. The overall positivity of each and co-testing between cytology or HPV DNA testing or p16/Ki-67 dual staining was evaluated. In each cervical lesion, primary HPV DNA testing showed the highest sensitivity, but low specificity. The combined all HPV/HR-HPV with p16/Ki-67 detection increased the specificity of abnormal cervical lesions. Conclusion: P16/Ki-67 dual stain cytology in HPV-positive women performs well for diagnosis of abnormal cervical lesions and should be considered for management of HPV-positive women to avoid unnecessary colposcopy referrals.     

The utility of p16INK4a and Ki-67 staining on cell blocks prepared from residual thin-layer cervicovaginal material

BACKGROUND: Cell blocks can be prepared from residual thin-layer cervicovaginal (ThinPrep) material and can be used in immunohistochemical staining assays for p16INK4a and Ki-67, which are surrogate markers related to human papillomavirus infection and cell proliferation, respectively. The objectives of the current study were 1) to investigate the feasibility and the role of cell block preparations in identifying significant neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix and 2) to assess the feasibility of using p16INK4a and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining patterns on cell blocks to identify significant preneoplastic cervical lesions. METHODS: Cervicovaginal cytology specimens from 85 patients were analyzed. Cytologic diagnoses based on ThinPrep Papanicolaou test results were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 3 specimens, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were diagnosed in 27 specimens, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) were diagnosed in 20 specimens, and atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASCUS) were diagnosed in 11 specimens. Diagnoses of negativity for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM) were made in 24 specimens. Cell block sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and were immunostained with antibodies against p16INK4a protein and Ki-67 antigen. RESULTS: The cytomorphologic diagnoses made using cell block preparations were as follows: SCC in 2 specimens, HSIL in 20 specimens, LSIL in 30 specimens, NILM in 32 specimens, and no diagnosis in 1 specimen. In 62 cases (73%), the diagnoses made using cell block preparations were in agreement with the ThinPrep diagnoses. Immunostaining of cell blocks for p16INK4a and Ki-67 exhibited a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) with the presence of significant lesions on either cell block or ThinPrep analysis. CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, p16INK4a has not been analyzed previously in ThinPrep cell blocks, and the correlation between Ki-67 expression and cell block diagnoses also has not been reported previously. The current results indicate that cell blocks prepared from residual ThinPrep material represent an additional reliable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of cervical samples. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies may be helpful in differentiating significant preneoplastic changes from other cervical lesions, such as atrophy.     

The Association of Molecular Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Cervical Pre-Cancer and Cancer and Risk Factors in Senegalese

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grading is subjective and affected by substantial rates of discordance among pathologists. Although recent studies have suggested that p16INK4a may be a useful surrogate biomarker of cervical neoplasia, Ki-67 and human papillomavirus testing have also been shown to be useful in detecting neoplasia. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of p16INK4a and Ki-67 in cervical neoplasia and its correlations with cofactors. Methods: The study involved 69 patients with and without cervical neoplasia who underwent colposcopic directed biopsy. On each patient, two samples were taken; the first was used for immunohistochemistry and the second for molecular testing, using HPV16and18 genotyping Real-Time PCR Kit. Results: The study revealed the expression level of p16INK4a and Ki-67 in a descending order, from invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), CIN2/3, CIN1 and non-dysplastic lesions. Correlations showed an association between the staining of p16NK4a and Ki-67 with the increase of age (OR: 1.79 (95%IC: 0.49 – 6.55), p = 0.037) and marital status (OR: 0.17 (95%IC: 0.04 – 0.68), p = 0.003). We found that the expressions of p16INK4a and Ki-67 were significantly different between invasive SCC vs non-dysplasia (OR: 44.57 (95%IC: 4.91 – 403.91), p <0.0001). The study showed significant correlation between HPV 16and18 infection with p16 INK4a and Ki-67 expression (OR: 0.13 (95%IC: 0.03 – 0.52), p <0.0001). Strong expression of p16INK4a and Ki-67 were observed in invasive squamous cell carcinoma, moderate staining was found in CIN2/3, weak staining in CIN1 and normal histology. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that p16INK4a and Ki-67 expressions associated strongly with cervical pathology. Therefore, p16/Ki-67 could be considered as a suitable biomarker for cervical cancer screening, particularly in HPV-based screening programs.     

子宫颈鳞状细胞癌中人乳头瘤病毒感染与Rb相关基因蛋白的表达及其意义

 目的　探讨子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌（ISCC）中高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）16／18、31／33感染与Rb相关基因蛋白p16ink4a、CyclinD1、CDK4、Rb、E2F-1和Ki-67的表达情况并分析HPV及Rb相关蛋白与ISCC临床病理参数的相关性。方法　收集73例ISCC、30例高级别鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）、32例低级别鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）和21例正常子宫颈鳞状上皮（NCE）。采用原位杂交法检测HPV16／18、31／33DNA的表达;免疫组织化学二步法检测上述蛋白的表达。统计分析HPV、上述蛋白及临床病理参数的关系。结果　HPV16／18、31／33在四组总体间表达差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,HPV16／18阳性表达与脉管内瘤栓正相关（OR＝3.875）,HPV31／33阳性表达与临床分期正相关（OR＝3.5）;p16ink4a、CyclinD1、CDK4、Rb、E2F-1和Ki-67在四组总体间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。Rb与Ki-67正相关（rs=0.250）;p16ink4a阳性表达与组织分级负相关（OR＝0.942）;CDK4阳性表达与组织分级正相关（OR＝1.033）;年龄与临床分期正相关（OR＝1.063）。结论　HPV16／18、31／33感染与ISCC的发生、发展密切相关;CDK4、Ki-67可作为子宫颈病变程度的客观参考指标;Rb在ISCC中的详细作用机制还需进一步探讨。     

Combined p16INK4a and human papillomavirus testing improves the prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) in Thai patients with low-grade cytological abnormalities

Thailand is in the process of developing a national cervical screening program. This study examined p16INK4a staining and HPV prevalence in abnormal cervical samples with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), to evaluate the efficacy of combined HPV and p16INK4a detection to predict CIN II-III. Totals of 125 ASCUS and 87 LSIL cases were re-evaluated by Pap test and cervical cells of ASCUS and LSIL cases were prepared on slides for p16INK4a detection by immunocytochemistry. HPV genotyping of DNA extracts was performed by GP5+/6+ PCR and reverse line blot hybridization. Histopathologic tests were performed to identify cervical lesion. Total of 212 cases were diagnosed to normal (20), ASCUS (112), LSIL (78) and HSIL (2). HPV was detected in ASCUS (49/112, 43.8%), LSIL (60/78, 76.9%) and HSIL (2/2, 100%) cases. The majority of HPV positive samples typed for high-risk HPV. 55.7% (107/192) of abnormal cases (ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL) were positive p16INK4a. For the 111 HPV DNA positive cases, 34 of 49 (69.4%) ASCUS cases and 49 of 60 (81.7%) LSIL cases were p16INK4a positive. 140 biopsies were taken and histological classified: CIN negative (65 cases), CIN I (56 cases) and CIN II-III (19 cases). HPV DNA detection predicted CIN II-III with sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 49%, whereas p16INK4a staining showed higher sensitivity (89.5%) and specificity (56.2%). The prediction of CIN II-III was significantly better by combination of positive HPV DNA and p16INK4a with 93.8% sensitivity and 59.2% specificity. Detection of HPV DNA combined with p16INK4a in cervical cells can predict CIN II-III and may improve the screening diagnosis of Thai women at risk for CIN II-III or cancer.     

Immunocytochemical colocalization of P16(INK4a) and Ki-67 predicts CIN2/3 and AIS/adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND:

Although previous studies have shown that p16^INK4a and Ki‐67 are sensitive and specific markers for high‐grade lesions (≥CIN2) on cervical biopsies, limited information is available regarding the performance of a dual‐staining approach as a diagnostic adjunct in cervical cytology. We evaluated a dual p16^INK4a/Ki‐67 immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay to determine its sensitivity and specificity versus that of high‐risk HPV (HR‐HPV) in a US‐based pilot cytology study.

METHODS:

ThinPrep specimens from 122 cervical cytology specimens encompassing 23 negative (NILM), 20 ASC‐US, 22 LSIL, 17 ASCH, 22 HSIL, and 18 AGC cases were processed for multiplexed ICC staining using a CINtec Plus Kit. Dual‐positive assay results were defined based on the detection of 1 or more epithelial cells that were stained for both p16^INK4a and Ki‐67 without regard to cellular morphology. HR‐HPV testing was performed by multiplex PCR with capillary electrophoresis genotyping.

RESULTS:

Dual staining for p16^INK4a and Ki‐67 was frequently detected in HSIL and AGC but was rarely detected in NILM cases. The HR‐HPV assay showed a sensitivity of 76.2% and a specificity of 55.8% for the detection of clinically significant cervical squamous or endometrial lesions. In contrast, the colocalization of p16^INK4a plus Ki‐67 maintained a high sensitivity of 81.8% and improved specificity to 81.8% for biopsy‐confirmed CIN2/3, endocervical adenocarcinoma, or endometrial adenocarcinoma.

CONCLUSIONS:

Dual staining for p16^INK4a/Ki‐67 immunocytochemistry dramatically increased specificity and maintained high‐level sensitivity for the diagnosis of CIN2/3 or glandular lesions compared with PCR‐based testing for HR‐HPV. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.