利塞膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松症患者血BGP及尿NTX/Cr的影响

目的：利塞膦酸钠胶囊治疗绝经后骨质疏松症（PMOP）患者,观察血骨钙素（BGP）和尿Ⅰ型胶原氨基末端肽/肌酐（NTX/Cr）的变化并探讨其意义.方法：受试者120对随机等分入利塞膦酸钠组（A组）和安慰剂组（B组）.A组给予利塞膦酸钠胶囊＋碳酸钙D3咀嚼片,B组给予安慰剂＋碳酸钙D3咀嚼片.整个试验疗程为12mo,在治疗前、用药后6mo及12mo随访,分别采用放射免疫测定法（RIA）和酶联免疫吸附剂测定（ELISA）法检测BGP和NTX（nmol/L）/Cr（mmol/L）值.结果：BGPA组下降了（2.9±4.7）μg/L,B组下降了（0.5±3.9）μg/L.NTX/CrA组下降了（9.4±65.9）,B组升高了（3.6±59.9）.两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：利塞膦酸钠胶囊能够有效抑制PMOP患者的骨吸收,降低骨转换.     

尿Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽和氨基末端肽排泄率与年龄、绝经和绝经后骨丢失的关系

目的探讨健康女性随增龄尿Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽和氨基末端肽排泄率(uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr)的变化及与绝经、绝经年限和绝经后骨丢失的关系。方法用ELISA法测定659例20～80岁健康女性uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr,用双能X线吸收法(DXA)测定不同骨骼部位(腰椎正位和侧位、髋部和前臂)的骨密度(BMD)。根据WHO骨质疏松诊断标准,将绝经后女性(339例)分为骨质疏松、低骨量和骨量正常3组。结果(1)uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr分别与年龄之间以三次方回归曲线拟合优度最好,决定系数(R2)分别为0.139和0.149。35岁以后uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr逐渐升高。(2)uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr在绝经前分别为149mg/mol±80mg/mol和33nmol/mmol±17nmol/mmol;在绝经后明显升高,分别为253mg/mol±101mg/mol和63nmol/mmol±34nmol/mmol,以绝经后5年内升高最为显著,对应了BMD的显著下降。与绝经前比较,绝经后uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr分别升高了69.5%和93.4%,BMD下降了10.8%～27.6%。(3)在控制年龄和体重后,uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr仍与各骨骼部位的BMD呈明显负相关(r=-0.078～-0.283,P<0.05或0.01);uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr两者之间显著正相关(r=0.608,P=0.000)。(4)骨质疏松组和低骨量组较骨量正常组uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr均显著升高(P<0.05或0.01),如在正位腰椎,骨量正常组、低骨量组及骨质疏松组的uCTX/Cr分别为189mg/mol±87mg/mol、272mg/mol±108mg/mol和366mg/mol±135mg/mol,而uNTX/Cr分别为52nmol/mmol±22nmol/mmol、68nmol/mmol±34nmol/mmol和108nmol/mmol±41nmol/mmol。结论uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr能敏感地反映女性随年龄及绝经变化的骨转换状态;uCTX/Cr和uNTX/Cr与BMD间存在负相关,且在低骨量和骨质疏松的人群中明显升高,可用于预测女性年龄和绝经相关的骨丢失。     

阿仑膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女骨密度影响的研究

目的观察阿仑膦酸钠（福善关）治疗绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女1年,其腰椎及股骨近端骨密度（BMD）的变化,为该药的临床应用提供依据。方法选取2004年1月-2009年年4月接受阿仑膦酸钠治疗的45～80岁骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女147例为研究对象,均为原发性骨质疏松或骨量减少。147例妇女服用阿仑膦酸钠70mg,1次／周,疗程至少1年。按绝经年限分成两组：绝经年限≤10年者56例,绝经年限〉10年者91例。使用双能X线吸收仪测定所有妇女治疗前后腰椎（L1～4）、股骨颈（neck）、大转子（troch）及全髋（total hip）部位的BMD。结果阿仑膦酸钠治疗1年后腰椎BMD平均增加2．42％～3．62％,股骨近端各部位BMD与治疗前比较提高1．65％～3．01％。治疗1年后,显效率为72．8％,有效率为10．2％,总有效率为83．0％。绝经年限≤10年和绝经年限〉10年者比较各部位BMD增加百分率间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论阿仑膦酸钠治疗1年能显著增加绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女的腰椎和股骨近端各部位的BMD,无论绝经年限长短BMD均显著增加。建议临床选用阿仑膦酸钠治疗,且首次治疗疗程至少1年。     

2型糖尿病患者内脏脂肪与骨密度及骨折风险的相关性研究

背景肥胖与2型糖尿病关系密切,但2型糖尿病患者脂肪含量与骨密度及骨质疏松性骨折关系尚不十分明确。目的探究2型糖尿病患者内脏脂肪与骨密度及骨折风险的相关性。方法选取2019年7—12月在益阳市中心医院内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病患者202例。同期采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取益阳市南县麻河口镇、南洲镇、乌嘴乡、茅草街镇非糖尿病者202例为对照,均于益阳市中心医院进行检查。使用双能X线检测腰椎、股骨颈、总髋骨密度;使用欧姆龙内脏脂肪检测仪测量皮下、内脏脂肪面积。采用骨折风险评估工具（FRAX问卷）评估未来10年主要部位及髋部骨质疏松性骨折风险。若为糖尿病人群,不纳入糖尿病作为骨质疏松风险因素所得结果用FRAX1表示;纳入糖尿病作为骨质疏松性骨折风险因素则将所得结果用FRAX2表示。结果2型糖尿病男性体质量、体质指数（BMI）高于非糖尿病男性,内脏脂肪面积、皮下脂肪面积大于非糖尿病男性,FRAX1（主要部位）低于非糖尿病男性（P<0.05）。2型糖尿病女性年龄、内脏脂肪面积大于非糖尿病女性,股骨颈骨密度、总髋骨密度低于非糖尿病女性,FRAX1（髋部）、FRAX2（主要部位）、FRAX2（髋部）高于非糖尿病女性（P<0.05）。校正年龄、体质量后,2型糖尿病女性总髋骨密度低于非糖尿病女性（P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析结果显示：在非糖尿病人群中,男性及绝经后女性内脏脂肪面积与体质量、BMI、皮下脂肪面积、腰椎骨密度、股骨颈骨密度、总髋骨密度均呈正相关（P<0.05）,女性内脏脂肪面积与体质量、BMI、皮下脂肪面积、总髋骨密度呈正相关（P<0.05）。在2型糖尿病患者中,男性内脏脂肪面积与体质量、BMI、皮下脂肪面积、腰椎骨密度、总髋骨密度均呈正相关（P<0.05）,女性、绝经后女性内脏脂肪面积与体质量、BMI、皮下脂肪面积、总髋骨密度呈正相关（P<0.05）。偏相关分析结果显示：校正年龄、体质量后,在2型糖尿病患者中,女性内脏脂肪面积与股骨颈骨密度、总髋骨密度呈负相关（P<0.05）,绝经后女性内脏脂肪面积与股骨颈骨密度呈负相关,与FRAX1（髋部）、FRAX2（髋部）呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论2型糖尿病患者较非糖尿病人群有较高的体质量、BMI及内脏脂肪面积。2型糖尿病女性患者股骨颈骨密度及髋部骨密度较低,其未来10年髋部骨质疏松性骨折风险较高。2型糖尿病女性患者内脏脂肪面积与股骨颈骨密度及总髋骨密度呈负相关,且随着内脏脂肪面积增加绝经后女性未来10年髋部骨质疏松性骨折风险增加。     

绝经前后妇女骨密度测定

目的研究妇女绝经后骨质疏松与雌激素的关系。方法收集了２５５例年龄在３２～７３岁之间的绝经前后的妇女。分成４组：月经正常、月经紊乱、自然绝经和人工绝经（双侧卵巢切除术）。用双能Ｘ线骨密度测定仪进行测量。结果妇女月经紊乱后,骨密度就明显下降,而绝经后的５年内显著下降。手术切除卵巢后,５年内骨密度也显著下降。结论绝经前切除卵巢或过早的闭经易导致骨质疏松,即妇女绝经后骨质疏松与雌激素下降有显著关系（Ｐ＜０．００１）。     

广西地区绝经后妇女骨密度影响因素分析

目的 探讨广西地区门诊就诊或住院的绝经后妇女年龄、绝经年龄及绝经年限对女性骨密度的影响,为骨质疏松症的预防提供科学依据.方法 对门诊就诊或住院、以腰背痛和关节痛为主诉的633例中老年妇女,采用美国GE公司生产Lunar Prodigy型骨密度检测仪,测量腰椎及双侧股骨颈骨密度,根据不同的民族、不同年龄、绝经年龄、绝经年限进行分组,并进行统计学分析.结果 汉族妇女骨质疏松患病率为35.3％,壮族妇女骨质疏松患病率为32.5％,两组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;腰椎及股骨颈骨密度降低随年龄、绝经年限的增加逐渐降低,各组间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;腰椎骨密度随绝经年龄的增加逐渐降低,除46岁以下组与46～50岁组之间差异无显著性（P＞0.05）外,46岁以下组与50岁以上组、46～50岁组与50岁以上组之间差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 绝经年龄早更容易引起骨密度降低,年龄越大、绝经年限越长,骨密度降低越明显,就更容易出现骨质疏松.     

Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. Vertebral Efficacy With Risedronate Therapy (VERT) Study Group.

CONTEXT: Risedronate, a potent bisphosphonate, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of Paget disease of bone and other metabolic bone diseases but, to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated in the treatment of established postmenopausal osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy and safety of daily treatment with risedronate to reduce the risk of vertebral and other fractures in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 2458 ambulatory postmenopausal women younger than 85 years with at least 1 vertebral fracture at baseline who were enrolled at 1 of 110 centers in North America conducted between December 1993 and January 1998. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive oral treatment for 3 years with risedronate (2.5 or 5 mg/d) or placebo. All subjects received calcium, 1000 mg/d. Vitamin D (cholecalciferol, up to 500 IU/d) was provided if baseline levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were low. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of new vertebral fractures as detected by quantitative and semiquantitative assessments of radiographs; incidence of radiographically confirmed nonvertebral fractures and change from baseline in bone mineral density as determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: The 2.5 mg/d of risedronate arm was discontinued after 1 year; in the placebo and 5 mg/d of risedronate arms, 450 and 489 subjects, respectively, completed all 3 years of the trial. Treatment with 5 mg/d of risedronate, compared with placebo, decreased the cumulative incidence of new vertebral fractures by 41 % (95% confidence interval [CI], 18%-58%) over 3 years (11.3 % vs 16.3%; P= .003). A fracture reduction of 65% (95% CI, 38%-81 %) was observed after the first year (2.4% vs 6.4%; P<.001). The cumulative incidence of nonvertebral fractures over 3 years was reduced by 39% (95% CI, 6%-61 %) (5.2 % vs 8.4%; P = .02). Bone mineral density increased significantly compared with placebo at the lumbar spine (5.4% vs 1.1 %), femoral neck (1.6% vs -1.2%), femoral trochanter (3.3% vs -0.7%), and midshaft of the radius (0.2% vs -1.4%). Bone formed during risedronate treatment was histologically normal. The overall safety profile of risedronate, including gastrointestinal safety, was similar to that of placebo. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that risedronate therapy is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

LRP5基因多态性与绝经后妇女2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松症的相关性研究

目的探讨上海地区绝经后2型糖尿病和骨质疏松症妇女的低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5基因多态性与骨密度、骨代谢、糖代谢的关系。方法选取上海市普陀区无亲缘关系的绝经后汉族妇女354例,其中骨质疏松组（A组）90例、2型糖尿病组（B组）96例、2型糖尿病伴骨质疏松组（C组）90例、健康老年对照组（D组）78例。运用双能X线骨密度仪检测腰椎（L2-4）及股骨颈骨密度,同时检测骨代谢指标：BALP、TRACP-5b;糖代谢指标：Hb A1c、FINS。应用基因测序技术检测LRP5基因A1330V位点多态性。采用协方差分析校正年龄、绝经年限、体重指数后比较LRP5基因多态性与骨密度的相关性。结果 A组LRP5基因A1330V位点CC型与CT/TT型相比腰椎骨密度增高（P〈0.05）,经年龄、绝经年限、BMI校正后仍有显著差异（P〈0.01）;D组LRP5基因A1330V位点多态性与HbA1c相关（P〈0.05）,CC型较CT/TT型HbA1c高,经年龄、绝经年限、BMI校正后无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论上海地区汉族绝经后骨质疏松症妇女LRP5基因型与腰椎骨密度相关,提示LRP5基因可能是上海地区汉族绝经后骨质疏松症妇女的易感基因。2型糖尿病患者BMD增高,可能与BMI、胰岛素水平增高有关。LRP5基因可能不是上海地区绝经后2型糖尿病妇女的易感基因。     

绝经后女性腰椎骨密度影响因素的研究

目的分析绝经后女性腰椎骨密度的相关影响因素,提高对绝经后女性骨质疏松症的预防,减少骨质疏松症的发生。方法随机抽取2012年1¹2月在武汉大学人民医院进行骨密度测量(采用美国生产的DEXA双能X线骨密度测量仪)的绝经后女性251例。测量记录251例自然绝经女性的年龄、绝经年龄、身高、体质量、第112月在武汉大学人民医院进行骨密度测量(采用美国生产的DEXA双能X线骨密度测量仪)的绝经后女性251例。测量记录251例自然绝经女性的年龄、绝经年龄、身高、体质量、第1⁴腰椎骨密度T值平均值,分析绝经后女性腰椎骨密度的相关影响因素。结果多元逐步回归分析结果显示:体质量和绝经年限为影响绝经后女性腰椎骨密度的主要因素(P<0.05)。绝经后14腰椎骨密度T值平均值,分析绝经后女性腰椎骨密度的相关影响因素。结果多元逐步回归分析结果显示:体质量和绝经年限为影响绝经后女性腰椎骨密度的主要因素(P<0.05)。绝经后1¹0年与绝经后10年以上腰椎骨密度T值比较差异均有统计学意义,绝经10年以后腰椎骨密度明显下降(P<0.05)。不同体质量组腰椎骨密度T值比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中低体质量组最低,超体质量组最高,正常体质量组居中。结论女性绝经越早,绝经时间越长,体质量越低,绝经后的腰椎骨密度越低。体质量是腰椎骨密度的保护因素,绝经后女性保持适当的体质量有助于减少骨质疏松症的发生。     

Fluvastatin increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Although several studies have reported a lower risk of osteoporotic fracture in hypercholesterolemic patients (WHO IIa) treated with statin, longitudinal studies on the effects of statins on bone are lacking. The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover changes induced by 3-year fluvastatin treatment in postmenopausal women. Twenty-eight consecutive postmenopausal non-diabetic, normotensive hypercholesterolemic women (64.0±3.6 years) were treated for 36 months with 30 mg/day fluvastatin and 28 non-diabetic, normotensive normocholesterolemic age- and body mass index-matched postmenopausal women served as the control subjects. The result revealed a significant increase of the BMD as compared with the level at the base line (p< 0.001) in the fluvastairn-treated group, from 6 months on ward after the start treatment. Significant differences of the BMD were found between the controls and fluvastatin-treated group (p< 0.001) were at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after the start of the study. In conclusion our results, although obtained small sample of postmenopausal hypercholesterolemic women, suggest a probable favorable effect of fluvastatin on bone formation and BMD.     

绝经期妇女牙周状况与骨质密度的相关性分析

目的 检查绝经期妇女的牙周状况、颏孔处皮质骨厚度以及全身骨密度的情况,探索它们之间是否存在相关关系。方法 采用报名招募的方式,选择2017年3月至11月在北京大学国际医院报名的符合条件的50~65岁绝经期妇女98名纳入研究,记录患者的一般情况,包括年龄、绝经时间、绝经年龄、体重指数等。检查并记录简化口腔卫生指数、探诊深度、临床附着丧失、牙龈退缩、探诊后出血百分比等反映牙周状况的指标;拍摄曲面断层片并在曲断图像中测量下颌骨下缘颏孔处对应的皮质骨厚度。检查者和测量者均通过一致性检验。利用双能X线骨密度测量仪测量左侧髋部和腰椎的骨密度,根据世界卫生组织的标准,按照T值(测得的骨质密度与年轻白人女性的平均峰值骨量的标准差)分为骨质疏松组(T值<-2.5)和非骨质疏松组(T值≥-2.5),比较两组间的牙周指标和曲面断层片中测量的颏孔处皮质骨厚度间是否存在差异。结果 98名受试者中,共检查出骨质疏松者47例,所占比例为47.96%。骨质疏松组与非骨质疏松组间的年龄和绝经时间差异有统计学意义。骨质疏松组的年龄更大[(59.64±4.58) 岁 vs. (56.94 ± 4.26) 岁,P<0.05]、绝经时间更长[(10.17± 5.37) 年 vs. (6.02 ±4.48) 年,P<0.05];绝经年龄和体重指数两组间差异无统计学意义。探诊后出血阳性比例分别为21.43%±17.09%(非骨质疏松组)和29.43%±21.12%(骨质疏松组),差异有统计学意义(P=0.046);而简化口腔卫生指数、探诊深度、临床附着丧失、牙龈退缩等牙周指标差异无统计学意义;颏孔处的皮质骨厚度随着全身骨质密度减低而减少,均值分别为(4.25±0.77) mm(非骨质疏松组)和(3.61±1.04) mm(骨质疏松组),差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论 绝经期妇女的牙周状况与全身骨质密度间无相关性,但曲面断层片中测得的颏孔处的皮质骨厚度与全身骨密度相关,这提示可利用颌面部影像显示的颌骨皮质骨厚度来推断全身骨密度的可能性。     

女性骨关节炎骨质疏松危险因素分析

目的:探讨女性骨关节炎(OA)骨质疏松(OP)的危险因素。方法:使用双能X线骨密度仪测定300例女性OA患者(OA组)和101名健康女性(对照组)第1~4腰椎(L_1~4)、股骨颈、全髋等部位骨密度(BMD)。统计分析各组与OP相关的危险因素。结果:女性OA患者OP发生率显著高于健康女性(P<0.01),各部位BMD均低于对照组(P<0.01)。OA患者OP组各部位BMD均明显低于非OP组(P<0.01),OA患者绝经后组各部位BMD均低于绝经前组(P<0.01),OA患者OP组较非OP组年龄更大,绝经时间更长,孕产次数更多(P<0.01)。OA组OP女性未来10年骨折的概率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:女性OA患者发生OP和骨折风险均显著高于健康女性,其OP的发生和多因素相关,增龄、绝经年限长、孕产次数多是OA患者发生OP的主要危险因素。     

Relationships among blood leptin and adiponectin levels, fat mass, and bone mineral density in Japanese pre- and postmenopausal women

We conducted a survey of 111 healthy middle-aged and older women, aged 40 to 80 years, to elucidate the relationships between blood leptin and adiponectin levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in September 2008. We examined the associations between the blood levels of these adipocytokines and the lumbar spine (L2-L4), left femoral, and distal forearm BMD after adjustment for the age and body fat percentage. No correlation was observed between leptin and the BMD. This is presumably due to the fact that the influence of menopause, age, duration of postmenopausal period, and body fat percentage on the BMD is greater than that of leptin levels in healthy women. The adiponectin levels were significantly correlated negatively with the lumbar spine and femoral BMD in premenopausal women, and with forearm BMD in postmenopausal women, regardless of adjustment for age and body fat percentage. It seems likely that adiponectin influences the BMD at different skeletal sites in pre- and postmenopausal women.     

绝经后女性血脂水平与骨密度的相关性研究

目的研究绝经后女性骨密度与血脂水平、体质量指数(BMI)及绝经年限的相关性。方法选择141例绝经后女性作为研究对象,均在骨密度实验室检测骨密度(BMD)水平(主要检测部位为腰椎L_1~4、股骨颈和髋关节,部分病人加做前臂),并根据检测结果(T值为标准)将研究对象分为3组,A组(骨质疏松者,T≤-2.5)、B组(骨量减少者,-2.5 < T < -1.0)和C组(正常骨量病人,T≥-1.0)。同时采集所有研究对象的空腹血,检测其总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、三酰甘油(TG) 和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平。详细记录病人的身高、体质量、年龄、绝经年龄,计算BMI和绝经年限。结果3组腰椎BMD(LBMD)、股骨颈BMD、全髋关节BMD比较,C组>B组>A组(P < 0.05)。3组HDL、TG、TC水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01),其中A组HDL水平高于C组(P < 0.05);A组和B组TG水平均低于C组(P < 0.01);C组TC水平低于A组(P < 0.05)。3组LDL水平差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。相关性分析显示,年龄和绝经年限与各部位BMD值呈负相关关系(P < 0.05~P < 0.01);身高、体质量及BMI与各部位的BMD呈正相关关系(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。TG水平与LBMD、股骨颈BMD、全髋关节BMD呈正相关关系(P < 0.01);TC水平与LBMD呈负相关关系(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,高BMI、高TG者骨质疏松症(OP)发生风险较低,高龄、绝经年限长及高TC者OP发生风险较高。绘制ROC曲线分析TC预测绝经后女性发生OP的价值,计算出AUC为0.636(P < 0.05)。结论绝经后女性不同血脂与不同部位BMD的相关性不同,TC升高与LBMD下降有关,低BMI、高龄、绝经年限长及高TC的绝经后女性更易发生骨质疏松。     

绝经后妇女绝经年限、绝经及初潮年龄与骨密度关系的研究

目的探讨安徽合肥地区绝经后妇女绝经年限、绝经及初潮年龄与骨密度关系。方法调查240例合肥市健康妇女的年龄、绝经年限、绝经年龄和初潮年龄、测量身高、体重、体重指数（BMI）,及正位腰椎（L2～L4）、股骨各部位（Neck,ward,GT）的骨密度（BMD）,并进行相关分析。结果绝经年限与各部位骨密度呈负相关（P〈0．01）,初潮年龄与L2、L3、L4、大转子的骨密度呈负相关（P〈0．01）,绝经年龄与L2、L3、L4的骨密度呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论随着绝经年限增加,初潮年龄越大,绝经年龄越早,骨密度呈下降趋势。     

加味二仙颗粒治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床疗效观察

目的：探讨加味二仙颗粒治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床疗效。方法：97例符合纳入标准并完成随访的绝经后妇女骨质疏松症患者随机分为试验组与对照组,试验组口服加味二仙颗粒,对照组口服仙灵骨葆胶囊,采用VAS评分、骨密度（BMD）、骨转换标记物：BALP、DPD/Cr、BGP、CTX-Ⅰ及疗效评定综合比较两组治疗前后疗效。结果：在治疗后12周实验组及对照组VAS评分均明显改善,实验组改善更明显,BMD在治疗后48周才出现明显改善,但实验组与对照组比较无明显统计学差异,治疗组与对照组在治疗12周后BALP、DPD/Cr、BGP、CTX-Ⅰ值出现明显下降,但实验组及对照组差别不明显,治疗72周后试验组治疗有效率85.7%,对照组87.5%,差异无统计学意义。结论：加味二仙颗粒治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床疗效确切,用于治疗监测时,骨转换标志物改变较骨密度改变出现更早。     

Assessment of bone marrow changes in postmenopausal women with varying bone densities: magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

Background Recent studies suggest that bone marrow adipose tissue might play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. There are inconsistent findings on the relationship among marrow fat content, bone mineral density and apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC）. This study aimed to prospectively explore the efficacy of MR spectroscopy （MRS） and diffusion-weighted MR imaging （DWl） in detecting vertebral marrow changes in postmenopausal women with varying bone densities. Methods Both MRS and DWl of the lumber spine were performed in 102 postmenopausal women （mean age, （67.3±6.5） years; range, 55-83 years）, who underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry. Marrow fat content and ADC were compared and correlated among three groups： 24 with normal bone density, 31 with osteopenia and 47 with osteoporosis. Results Vertebral marrow fat content was significantly increased in the osteoporotic group （（65.60±7.68）%, P 〈0.001） and the osteopenic group （（57.68±6.45）%, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（51.67±3.27）%）. ADC values were significantly decreased in the osteoporotic group （（0.39±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001） and in the osteopenic group （（0.42±0.02）×10^-3mm^2/s, P 〈0.001）, when compared with the normal bone density group （（0.47±0.03）×10^-3mm^2/s）. The marrow fat content negatively correlated with both bone density （r=-0.731, P 〈0.001） and marrow ADC （r=-0.572, P 〈0.001）. The bone density positively correlated with the ADC values （r=0.802, P 〈0.001）. Conclusions Postmenopausal women experience a corresponding increase in vertebral marrow fat content as the bone density decreases. Marrow fat content and ADC correlate to the bone density. MRS and DWl may indirectly assess the early bone marrow changes in postmenopausal women.     

Effects of vibration therapy on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

Background Jaw osteonecrosis possibly associated with the administration of bisphosphonates is expected to be treated with a non-pharmacologic approach. This study aimed to determine whether noninvasive, mechanically mediated vibration would inhibit the decline in bone mineral density （BMD） that follows menopause, enhance the BMD of the lumbar and femoral neck, and reduce chronic back pain in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Methods A total of 116 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis participated in this study, and they were divided into groups A （66 patients） and B （50）. Group A received vibration treatment （Subjects vertically stand on the vibration platform, with a vibration frequency of 30 Hz, amplitude of 5 mm; they received the treatment five times per week, ten minutes each time and totally for six months）, whereas women of group B served as controls without any treatment. L2-4 BMD, bilateral femoral neck BMD, and body mass index （BMI） were recorded before the treatment or at the third and sixth months of the treatment respectively. After the ending of the treatment, the change of BMD in each group was compared and analyzed. Chronic back pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale （VAS） at baseline and the third and sixth months of the treatment.
Results Of the 116 women, 94 including 51 women from group A （（61.23±8.20） years） and 43 women from group B （（63.73±5.45） years）, completed the study. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics including age, BMI, menopausal years, lumbar BMD, femoral neck BMD, and VAS between the two groups. The lumbar BMD of the 51 women in group A increased by 1.3% （P=0.034） after vibration treatment for 3 months and by 4.3% at the sixth month （P=0.000）. The lumbar BMD in group B was decreased at the third month, but there was not statistical significance （P〉0.05） At the sixth month, it was decreased by 1.9% （P 〈0.05）. The femoral neck BMD of the 51 women in group A was slightly in     

阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松的效果及与低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5基因N740N多态性的关系研究

目的通过分析阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度变化及与低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5(LRP5)基因N740N位点多态性的关系,明确该多态性与疗效的关系。方法本研究为自身前后对照研究,共入选67例绝经后骨质疏松患者,平均年龄(64.2±7.7)岁,口服阿仑膦酸钠70 mg,1次/周,钙尔奇D 600 mg/次,1次/d,治疗1年。治疗前后分别使用双能X线吸收仪检测第2～4腰椎以及左股骨近端各部位骨密度,利用PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测LRP5基因N740N多态性。结果共63例患者完成阿仑膦酸钠1年治疗,第2～4腰椎骨密度上升(4.05±3.39)%、股骨颈骨密度上升(1.05±2.63)%、大转子区骨密度上升(2.00±2.89)%、转子间骨密度上升(2.17±2.62)%、总髋部骨密度上升(1.79±2.29)%;治疗前与治疗后各部位骨密度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。本研究人群中LRP5基因N740N位点CC基因型和CT基因型频率分别为65.1%和34.9%。TT基因型未检出,符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。治疗前后大转子区骨密度变化百分比,CC基因型上升(2.53±3.77)%,CT基因型上升(6.35±6.43)%;总髋部骨密度变化百分比,CC基因型上升(1.93±2.33)%,而CT基因型上升(3.79±4.15)%。CC基因型和CT基因型患者治疗前后各部位骨密度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿仑膦酸钠对于绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度的提高有显著疗效,腰椎骨密度升高超过髋部,而对于LRP5基因N740N多态性为位点各基因型之间骨密度的分析,发现CT基因型治疗前后大转子和总髋部骨密度变化百分比高于CC基因型,故此基因型疗效较好,提示该基因型与阿仑膦酸钠疗效相关。可进一步扩大样本量并对该基因型多个多态性位点予以证实。     

Ⅰ型胶原基因启动子区-1997G/T位点多态性和成都地区汉族绝经后妇女骨密度的相关性研究

目的 研究Ⅰ型胶原α_1链(COLⅠA1)基因启动子区-1997G/T位点多态性与成都地区汉族绝经后妇女腰椎骨密度的相互关系.方法 根据双能X线吸收法测定第2～4腰椎(L_(2～4))部位的骨密度值的结果 ,纳入受试者318例,均为成都地区汉族绝经后妇女,其中骨质疏松症组212例,正常对照组106例;抽取受试者外周静脉血2 mL,提取白细胞基因组DNA;采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增目的 基因所在的DNA片段;应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法 检测外周血白细胞基因组COL1A1基因启动子区-1997G/T位点多态性.结果 骨质疏松症组中COLⅠA1基因启动子区-1997G/T位点GG、GT、TT基因型分别有82例、99例和31例,对照组中GG、GT、TT基因型分别有51例、45例和10例;骨质疏松症组的COLⅠA1基因启动子区-1997G/T位点等位基因T的频率较正常对照组高(P＜0.05);对骨质疏松症组按基因型分组进一步分析发现,TT纯合子组个体的腰椎骨密度比GG纯合子组和GT杂合子组低(P＜0.05).结论 COLⅠA1基因启动子区-1997G/T位点多态性与成都地区汉族绝经后妇女腰椎骨密度相关,携带TT基因型的个体更易导致低骨矿密度和患骨质疏松症.