PPM1A和P-Smad2在原发性肝癌中表达及意义研究

目的探讨肝癌及癌旁组织中P-Smad2蛋白与PPM1A的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学技术检测31份肝癌（HCC）、25份癌旁组织及13份非癌性肝组织中P-Smad2蛋白和PPM1A的表达。结果①癌旁和病理分级小于Ⅱ级的癌组织中PPM1A表达以核为主，胞浆表达弱或不表达，病理分级大于Ⅲ级及以上的癌细胞中则以胞浆表达为主。正常、慢性肝炎和肝硬化组织中，PPM1A表达以核为主，胞浆无表达，差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②P-Smad2在正常肝细胞、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、癌旁和病理分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级的癌组织中表达以胞核和胞浆明显，胞浆表达主要聚集在核周，病理分级分级Ⅱ-Ⅲ级及以上的癌组织中，P-Smad2表达则以核为主，差别有显著性（P〈0．05）。③PPM1A和P-Smad2在癌组织的表达部位呈现负相关性（r=-0．345，P=0．001）。结论PPM1A与P-Smad2在肝癌组织的胞核和胞浆表达转位及强度与其组织病理改变有密切关系，二者可能通过其相互作用。共同参与肝癌的发生发展机制。     

非小细胞肺癌组织中核因子κB的活性及其与肿瘤细胞增殖的关系

目的研究非小细胞肺癌组织中核因子κB（nuclear Factor-κB，NF—κB）的活性及其与细胞增殖、自发性细胞凋亡的关系。方法2006年5至10月收集30例非小细胞肺癌组织标本及15例肺癌患者癌旁5cm肺组织标本。NF—κB活性通过凝胶电泳迁移率改变试验（EMSA）检测，用RT—PCR和Western blot方法检测CyclinD1含量，免疫组织化学染色法检测增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）蛋白含量，TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡。结果癌旁肺组织、鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中NF—κB活性（吸光度，A值）分别为24826±3724、28028±4204、35425±5317，三组比较差异有统计学意义（F=78．96，P〈0．01）。鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中NF—κB活性高于癌旁肺组织中NF—κB活性，腺癌组织中NF—κB活性高于鳞癌组织中NF—κB活性。健康肺组织、鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中CyclinD1 mRNA表达量分别为2．04±0．24、2．91±0．37、4．13±0．36，三组比较差异有统计学意义（F=62．43，P〈0．01）。癌旁肺组织、鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中Cyclin D1蛋白表达量分别为0．31±0．06、0．43±0．07、0．58±0．08，三组比较差异有统计学意义（F=89．24，P〈0．01）。癌旁肺组织、鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中PCNA蛋白表达量分别为0．32±0．09、0．42±0．10、0．54±0．16，三组比较差异明显。癌旁肺组织、鳞癌组织、腺癌组织中凋亡指数分别为（2．58±0．39）％、（2．27±0．34）％、（2．92±0．59）％，三组比较无明显差异。鳞癌组织中NF—κB活性与CyclinD1 mRNA、CyclinD1蛋白、PCNA蛋白均呈正相关（r值分别为0．51、0．54和0．60，P均〈0．05）；腺癌组织中NF—κB活性与CyclinD1mRNA、CyclinD1蛋白、PCNA蛋白均呈正相关（r值分别为0．60、0．64和0．68，P均〈0．05）；鳞癌、腺癌组织中NF—κB活性与细胞凋亡指数无相关关系。结论在非小细胞肺癌组织中NF—κB活性增高。非小细胞肺癌组织中NF—κB的异常活化可能与细胞增殖有关，但不影响自发性细胞凋亡。     

慢性乙型肝炎与Toll样受体2的关系

目的探讨CHB与Toll样受体2（TLR2）的相关性。方法采用Elivision二步法检测CHB、慢性重型肝炎患者及健康对照组肝组织TLR2的表达。采用直接免疫荧光流式细胞术检测TLR2在肝癌细胞株HepG2、HepG2-X及HepG2．2．15上表达的平均荧光强度（MFI）及阳性细胞率。结果TLR2在CHB及慢性重型肝炎肝组织上的表达明显高于健康对照组，差异有统计学意义，P〈0．01，主要表达于肝细胞质及部分胞膜。在CHB中，TLR2的表达强度与肝组织炎症活动度分级（G）呈显著正相关（r=0．597，P〈0．01），各级炎症患者肝组织TLR2阳性表达强度患者的血清TBil值，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在慢性乙型重型肝炎患者中，TLR2主要呈小灶性表达。TLR2在肝癌细胞株HepG2．2．15上表达的平均荧光强度为10．7±2．8，阳性细胞率为16．3％±7．0％；HepG2的平均荧光强度为1．0±0．3，阳性细胞率为0．4％±0．1％，两组比较t值分别为11．92和7．92，P值均〈0．0l。而HepG2和HepG2-X之间，差异无统计学意义。结论CHB患者肝组织中TLR2的表达明显升高，与肝组织的炎症活动密切相关。     

抑癌基因在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及临床意义

应用免疫组化SP法检测35例肝细胞肝癌（HCC）患者癌组织及癌旁组织中抑癌基因PTEN蛋白的表达水平。结果显示，HCC组织中PTEN蛋白阳性率和阳性强度均明显低于癌旁组织（P〈0．01）；PTEN蛋白表达与HCC的分化程度密切相关（P〈0．05）．与癌栓形成有关（P〈0．01）。提示PTEN异常表达在HCC发生、发展过程中可能起重要作用．其表达水平可作为反映HCC进展和预后的生物学指标。     

原发性肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中环氧合酶-2的表达及其意义

目的：研究人原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）组织和癌旁非瘤组织中的环氧合酶－2（COX－2）蛋白及基因表达情况,方法：采用免疫组织化法和原位分子杂交法,研究27对原发性肝细胞癌及癌旁非肿瘤组织,5例正常肝组织中COX－2的蛋白和基因表达,结果：高分化HCC中COX－2蛋白表达显著高于中分化和低分化HCC（P分别＜0．05）以及癌旁组织和正常组织（P分别＜0．01）,癌旁组织的COX－2表达显著高于正常组织（P＜0．05）,癌旁组织,中分化和低分化HCC之间COX－2的表达强度差异无显著性（P＞0．05）,在COX－2蛋白阳性的肝癌细胞和癌旁肝细胞胸胞胞质中可见到COX－2mRNA呈阳性表达,结论：COX－2的过度表达可能参与了高分子HCC的致癌过程。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺组织中血管内皮生长因子和诱生型一氧化氮合酶的表达及吸烟的影响

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者肺组织中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、诱生型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的表达情况及吸烟对二者表达的影响。方法取46例因肺癌行肺叶切除患者的癌旁组织，依据吸烟及肺功能情况分成：（1）吸烟伴COPD组19例；（2）吸烟不伴COPD组12例；（3）不吸烟不伴COPD组15例。用免疫组化法检测肺组织VEGF及iNOS的表达。结果吸烟不伴COPD组（1．50±0．39，1．45±0．41）与不吸烟不伴COPD组（1．18±0．33，1．09±0．41）比较，肺组织VEGF、iNOS表达增强；吸烟伴COPD组（2．19±0．51，2．39±0．45）与不吸烟不伴COPD组比较表达明显增强。肺组织VEGF表达与iNOS表达呈明显正相关（r=0．78，P〈0．01）。肺组织VEGF表达与FEV。呈明显负相关（r=-0．67，P〈0．01）。结论吸烟以及轻度COPD患者肺组织VEGF、iNOS表达上调，iNOS、VEGF的过度表达可能参与COPD患者气道与血管重建和气流受限的过程。     

Shh信号通路在肝癌中的表达及与β-catenin的关系

目的探讨原发性肝细胞癌（Hepatocellular Carcinoma,HCC）中Sonic Hedgehog（Shh）信号通路基因和15-catenin的表达情况及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法对49例HCC和相应癌旁肝组织中Glil和β-catenin蛋白表达。荧光定量PCR检测2个肝癌细胞系和正常肝细胞中相应基因mRNA的表达情况。结果免疫组化染色与RT-PCR示Glil在HCC组织中的阳性表达率为77．56％,而癌旁肝组织为40．82％,两者差异具有显著意义（P〈0．05）。β-catenin蛋白在HCC中的表达显著高于癌旁肝组织（P〈0．05）,且与Glil的表达呈正相关（r=0．594,P=0．000）。Glil和β-cateninmRNA在肝癌细胞株中高表达,在正常肝细胞中低表达（P〈0．05）。结论Glil和β-catenin在肝癌细胞中均过度表达,可能协同作用促进肝癌细胞异常增殖,参与HCC的发生和发展。     

氯通道CIC-1、CIC-2在人心房肌的表达及与心房颤动的关系

目的研究氯通道CIC-1和CIC-2基因在人心房组织的表达及与心房颤动（AF）的关系。方法将71例风湿性心瓣膜病接受换瓣手术患者分为三组，窦性心律（SR）组31例，阵发性房颤（PAF）组7例，慢性房颤（CAF）组33例，于术中获取右心耳组织，应用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测心房组织CIC-1和CIC-2的mR—NA相对含量。结果（1）CIC—1、CIC-2基因在人心房组织有表达。②与SR组比较，PAF组CIC-1的mRNA表达增加但无统计学意义（1．05±0．22vs1．01±0．13，P〉0．05），CAF组的表达明显增加（1．25±0．18vs1．01±0．13，P〈0．001），CAF组较PAF组亦明显增加（P〈0．01）。CIC-1的mRNA表达水平与左房内径、AF持续时间呈正相关[（r=0．344，P=0．003）（r=0．405，P〈0．001）]。③与SR组比较，PAF组CIC-2的mRNA表达无增加（1．03±0．14vs1．04±0．15，P〉0．05），CAF组的表达明显增加（1．26±0．13vs1．04±0．15，P〈0．001），CAF组较PAF组亦明显增加（P〈0．01）。CIC-2的mRNA表达与左房内径、AF持续时间呈正相关[（r=0．441，P〈0．001）（r=0．331，P=0．0C15）]。结论AF患者CIC-1、CIC-2的mRNA表达水平的增加可能是心房肌电重构的分子基础。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者肝脏内趋化因子RANTES水平的变化及其机制

目的了解CHB患者肝组织趋化因子RANTES水平与肝脏炎症程度和临床分度的相关性,探讨肝组织趋化因子RANTES表达变化的可能原因。方法研究对象包括64例CHB患者和10名正常人,CHB患者按临床严重程度分为轻度、中度、重度,按肝组织炎症程度分为G0～G4五级,用免疫组织化学染色定性及图像分析系统定量检测肝组织趋化因子RANTES表达情况。ELISA法和RT-PCR法检测HepG2和HepG2．2．15细胞的基础RANTES蛋白和mRNA表达情况以及10 ng/ml浓度的TNFα作用下HepG2细胞在不同时间点的RANTES蛋白和mRNA表达情况。结果CHB组的肝组织RANTES的表达量较正常人组增高,阳性单位值分别为25．9±11．9和3．7±1．5（P＜0．01）；随着CHB患者临床分度和肝脏组织炎症分级的增加,肝组织RANTES的表达强度逐渐升高,正常人和轻、中、重度CHB患者RANTES阳性单位值分别为3．7±1．5,15．6±6．9,24．0±4．0,37．9±11．1；G0～G4患者肝组织RANTES的阳性单位值分别为3．7±1．5,15．0±5．7,21．6±5．9,30．3±8．2和40．9±12．3。各级之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。HepG2．2．15细胞RANTES蛋白和mRNA表达均明显强于HepG2细胞；TNFα作用下HepG2细胞RANTES蛋白和mRNA表达均明显增加。结论趋化因子RANTES可能参与CHB的发病,而肝脏内趋化因子RANTES的增高可能与HBV和TNFα的作用有关。     

α-SMA和FAK与慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的相关性

探讨α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和粘着斑激酶（FAK）与慢性乙型肝炎病理肝纤维化分期（S）之间的相关性.选取行肝组织活检的慢性乙型肝炎患者42例,对肝组织进行HE、Masson三色、网状纤维染色,并进行肝纤维化分期（S0-S4）.免疫组化法测定肝组织中α-SMA和FAK,并进行半定量分析.不同分期的肝纤维化α-SMA、FAK表达积分情况不同（P＜0.01）,与S0（0.429±0.535,0.143±0.378）比较,S1（1.571±1.397,1.286±1.113）、S2（2.875±1.885,1.875±1.885）、S3（4.286±0.756,4.286±0.756）、S4（4.796±0.927,4.923±0.954）积分明显逐渐升高（P＜0.05）,具有S4＞S3＞S2＞S1＞S0的规律.相关性分析显示α-SMA、FAK表达积分与肝纤维化分期（S）呈正相关（P＜0.05）.肝组织中α-SMA、FAK的表达在肝纤维化发生发展过程中发挥重要作用.     

Expression of PTEN, PPM1A and P-Smad2 in hepatocellular carcinomas and adjacent liver tissues

AIM: To investigate the expressions of PTEN, PPM1A and P-Smad2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their significance. METHODS: The expressions of PTEN, PPM1A and P-Smad2 in 31 HCC tissues, 25 adjacent liver tissues and 13 non-tumor liver tissues were detected by using Envision immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The positive expression (64.52%) and staining intensity (4.19 ± 3.31) of PTEN in the cytoplasm of HCC were significantly lower and weaker than those in the adjacent or non-tumor liver tissues (97.37%, 7.88 ± 0.93; 100%, 7.77 ± 0.93, respectively) (P < 0.05), and its staining intensity in the cytoplasm of HCC, which belongs to Edmondson pathologic grades Ⅱ-Ⅲ and above, was also lower than that of gradeⅠandⅠ-Ⅱ. Furthermore, its location in the nucleus or cytoplasm of liver cells was negatively correlated with the progression of liver disease (r = -0.339, P = 0.002); most of PPM1A might be only expressed in the nucleus of adjacent liver tissues, non-HCC tissues or Edmondson gradeⅠandⅠ-Ⅱ HCC, but it was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of HCC with Edmondson grade ≥Ⅱ, weakly or negatively expressed in the nucleus (P < 0.05), and its location was negatively correlated with the progression of liver disease (r = -0.45, P = 0.0000). P-Smad2, which was mostly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of gradeⅠ andⅠ-Ⅱ HCC, surrounding or non-tumor liver tissues, was only in the nucleus of HCC with Edmondson grade Ⅱ and above (P < 0.001), and its location was positively correlated with the disease progression (r = 0.224, P = 0.016). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that P-Smad2 was significantly negatively correlated with PTEN and PPM1A (r = -0.748, P = 0.000; r = -0.366, P = 0.001, respectively); and PTEN and PPM1A were positively correlated with HCC carcinogenesis (r = 0.428, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The aberrant location of expression and staining intensity of PTEN, PPM1A and P-Smad2 in HCC and their relationship might have an impact on the pathogenesis of HCC.     

肝细胞癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达

探讨抑癌基因PTEN在肝细胞癌 (HCC)组织及癌旁组织的表达、临床意义。采用免疫组织化学SP法检测PTEN。 4例正常肝组织均呈PTEN蛋白阳性 ;HCC及其癌旁肝组织中的阳性率分别为 5 8 8%(2 0 / 34)和 10 0 %(34/ 34) ,两者比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。中分化癌阳性率为 77 8%(14 / 18) ,低分化阳性率为 2 5 %(3/ 12 ) ,两者比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 0 1)。PTEN蛋白表达与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、有无包膜及门脉癌栓均无明显关系 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但与HCC分化程度明显相关 ,HCC分化愈差 ,PTEN蛋白表达愈弱。PTEN蛋白表达与HCC分化程度明显相关。     

FADD and TRADD expression and apoptosis in primary hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM To investigate the clinical features of FADD and TRADD expressions in primary hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) and to determine their relationship with hepatic apoptosis. METHODS FADD and TRADD expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry and hepatic apoptosis were determined by in situ endlabeling ( ISEL). RESULTS Ten (25.6%) cases of HCC were detected to express FADD protein. The positive rate in HCC is lower than that in non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues (62.5%) (P＜0.05). In those of grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ, 8 (38.1%) cases were FADD positive, while only 2/18 (11. 1%) cases of grade Ⅲ - Ⅳ had detectable FADD protein (P＜0.05). No relationship was found between FADD expression and other clinical features,such as gender, age, tumor size, differentiation or metastasis. ISEL positive cells can be seen in all cases of HCC. The hepatic apoptosis was associated with FADD expression as more apoptotic cells were detected in those cases which had moderately to strongly positive FADD, as compared with negative or weak positive FADD cases (P＜ 0.05). No relationship was found between FADD expression and hepatic apoptosis in non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues. Fifteen of 39 (38.5%) cases of HCC were found positive for TRADD protein, and similar positive rate (37.5%) in non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues (P ＞0.05). The expression of TRADD is correlated with HCC differentiation,as only 22.2% of moderately to highly differentiated HCC showed positive TRADD protein, while as high as 52.4% of poorly differentiated HCC had TRADD (P＜0.05). No relationship was found between TRADD expression and gender, age, tumor size or grade or metastasis, although 42.9% of HCC of grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ showed positive TRADD which was slightly higher than that of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ (33.3%,P ＞ 0.05). Hepatic apoptosis was not related to TRADD expression in HCC or non-cancerous adjacent liver tissues. CONCLUSION Loss of FADD expression plays an important role in HCC carcinogenesis, and expression of TRADD also contributes to HCC development. The cell apoptosis in HCC is associated with FADD expression. However, the expression of TRADD does not correlate well with hepatic apoptosis in HCC.     

生存素、p27和PTEN在肝细胞癌中的表达及临床病理意义

目的 探讨生存素蛋白、生存素mRNA、p27蛋白、p27 mRNA和第10号染色体同源丢失性磷酸酶张力蛋白基因(PTEN)蛋白在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达及其临床病理意义.方法 自制组织芯片,采用免疫组织化学和原位杂交法检测生存素蛋白、p27蛋白、PTEN蛋白和生存素mRNA、p27 mRNA在141份肝细胞癌、128份癌旁肝组织、97份远癌肝组织及17份正常肝组织中的表达,探讨各指标的关系并建立预测肝癌发生的模型.结果 肝癌组中生存素蛋白(Ridit值的95%CI为0.689±0.048,P《0.01)、生存素mRNA(Ridit值的95% CI为0.690±0.049,P《0.01)和p27蛋白(Ridit值的95% CI为0.556±0.053,P《0.05)表达明显增高,PTEN(Ridit值的95% CI为0.282±0.048)表达明显下降(P《0.01);肝癌中生存素的表达与p27、PTEN表达均显著相关;生存素mRNA、p27蛋白和PTEN蛋白对判断肝癌发生与否有重要意义.结论 生存素mRNA、p27蛋白的表达上调和PTEN蛋白的表达下调可作为判断肝癌发生的有价值指标.     

肝癌及癌旁肝组织的高尔基体差异蛋白质分析

目的 筛选并鉴定肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组中差异表达的蛋白质,从高尔基体层面解释肝癌的发生和发展机制,为早期诊断和抗癌药物的研发提供线索.方法 应用亚细胞比较蛋白质组学研究方法,比较分析肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组.收集肝癌患者手术切除的癌组织和癌旁肝组织标本,蔗糖密度梯度离心法分离高尔基体.建立并优化两种组织高尔基体的双向电泳方法,用PD-Quest软件分析差异表达的蛋白质点,然后用质谱仪获取相应蛋白点的肽质指纹图谱,联网到Swiss-Prot蛋白质组数据库鉴定获得的差异蛋白质点,最后用Western blot验证双向电泳结果.蛋白质相对表达量的比较采用配对t检验.结果 获得了分辨率和重复性均较好的双向电泳银染图谱.与癌旁肝组织相比,肝癌高尔基体蛋白质组有包括膜联蛋白5在内的27个蛋白质位点表达上调,包括染色体修饰蛋白2b在内的20个蛋白质位点表达下调,初步鉴定出了其中17个蛋白质,并用Western blot从蛋白质水平上验证了双向凝胶电泳结果.结论 肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组具有不同的蛋白质位点,这些差异表达的蛋白质涉及到细胞的能量代谢、肿瘤的侵袭和转移,细胞周期调控等方面,为进一步阐释高尔基体在肿瘤的发生和发展中所起的作用提供了有价值的信息.     

Abnormal beta-catenin gene expression with invasiveness of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in China

AIM: To study the abnormal expression of beta-catenin gene and its relationship ith invasiveness of primary hepatocellular carcinoma among Chinese people. METHODS: Thirty-four hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens and adjacent para-cancerous tissues, 4 normal liver tissues were immunohistochemically stained to study subcellular distribution of beta-catenin. Semiquantitive analysis of expression of beta-catenin gene exon 3 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The relationship between expressions of both beta-catenin protein, mRNA and clinicopathological characteristics of HCC was also analyzed. RESULTS: Immuno-histochemistry showed that all normal liver tissues and para-cancerous tissues examined displayed membranous type staining for beta-catenin protein, occasionally with weak expression in the cytoplasm. While 21 cases (61.8%) of HCC examined showed accumulated type in cytoplasms or nuclei. The accumulated type Labling Index (LI) of cancer tissue and para-cancerous tissue was (59.9 +/- 26.3) and (18.3 +/- 9.7) respectively (P<0.01). Higher accumulated type LI was closely related with invasiveness of HCC. Results of RT-PCR showed the beta-catenin gene exon 3 mRNA Expression Index (EI) of 34 HCCs was higher than that of para-cancerous tissue and normal liver tissue. Using in situ hybridization, the signal corresponding to beta-catenin gene exon 3 mRNA was particularly strong in cytoplasm of HCC when compared with those of para-cancerous and normal liver tissues. Over expression of beta-catenin exon 3 was also found to be correlated with high metastatic potential of HCC. CONCLUSION: Abnormal expression of beta-catenin gene may contribute importantly to the invasiveness of HCC among Chinese people.     

Clinicopathological significance of expression of paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the relationship of expression of paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN proteins with clinicopathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Fifty-one patients who underwent HCC resection were recruited in the study. Paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN proteins in HCC tissues were detected with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Of 51 cases of HCC, 23 (45%) exhibited paxillin protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 24 (57%) exhibited positive expression. Positive paxillin protein expression was associated with low differentiation (r= 0.406, P= 0.004), with the presence of portal vein thrombosis (r = 0.325, P = 0.021), with extra-hepatic metastasis (r=0.346, P=0.014). Of 51 cases of HCC, 28 (55%) exhibited syndecan-1 protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 23 (55%) exhibited positive expression. Positive snydecan-1 protein expression was associated with well differentiation (r=0.491, P=0.001), with no extra-hepatic metastasis (r=0.346, P=0.014). Of 51 cases of HCC, 28 (55%) exhibited EMMPRIN protein positive expression. Of 42 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, 21 (50%) exhibited positive expression. Expression of EMMPRIN protein was not associated with serum AFP level, HBsAg status, presence of microsatellite nodule, tumor size, presence of cirrhosis and necrosis, differentiation, presence of portal vein thrombosis, extra-hepatic metastasis, disease-free survival and overall survival (P>0.05). Expression of paxillin protein was correlated conversely with the expression of syndecan-1 protein in HCC (r = -0.366, P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: Expression of paxillin and syndecan-1 proteins in HCC may affect its invasive and metastatic ability of the tumor. There may be a converse correlation between the expression of paxillin and syndecan-1 protein in HCC. Expression of EMMPRIN protein may be detected in HCC, but it may play little role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC.     

肝细胞癌变过程中核因子-κB及其基因的动态表达与定量分析

目的 观察肝癌形成过程中核因子-κB(NF-κB)及NF-κB mRNA动态表达与作用机制.方法 雄性SD大鼠以2-乙酰氨基芴制备肝癌模型,经病理组织学分析肝细胞形态学变化,定量观察NF-κB动态变化,以巢式PCR分析NF-κB mRNA的表达.并以自身配对法收集经手术切除后的肝癌及其癌周组织,定量分析肝癌组织中NF-κB表达及病理学特征. 结果诱癌后在肝细胞呈颗粒样变性,不典型增生,肝细胞癌形成,NF-κB及基因表达呈梯度增加.NF-κB阳性表达呈棕黄色颗粒状染色,癌组织NF-κB点灶状表达,定位于胞质和细胞核,癌周组织NF-κB主要定位于胞质,未见细胞核阳性.癌变过程中NF-κB mRNA表达明显增强.人肝癌组织NF-κB(69.3±40.2)pg/mg,明显高于癌周组织(21.0±17.2)pg/mg(t=6.54,P＜0.01).癌组织NF-κB表达阳性率为100%,癌周组织为68.6%(X2=13.05,P＜0.01).其表达与肿瘤分化程度,肿瘤数目和肿瘤直径无关. 结论 NF-κB异常表达与肝癌的发生发展有关,表达抑制有助于肝痛治疗.     

微小RNA-223及其标靶基因c-myc在肝癌发病中的作用

目的 探讨微小RNA-223(miR-223)对原癌基因c-myc的调控及其在肝癌发病中的作用.方法 通过实时定量聚合酶链反应和Western blot检测正常肝脏组织、癌旁组织、肝癌组织及肝癌HepG2细胞、胎肝L02细胞中miR-223和c-myc的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平.构建miR-223模拟物(mimics)上调肝癌细胞HepG2中miR-223表达后,实时定量聚合酶链反应和Western blot 检测HepG2细胞中c-myc表达水平的变化.分别用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析进行两组及多组数据间的比较,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 miR-223在正常肝组织、癌旁组织和肝癌组织中的相对表达量分别为0.055±0.015、0.030±0.008和0.020±0.016,肝癌组织低于正常肝组织(t=-0.031,P＜0.05).miR-223在HepG2细胞中的表达较L02细胞下调(0.005±0.003比0.011±0.006,t=12.74,P＜0.01).c-myc mRNA在正常肝组织、癌旁组织和肝癌组织中的相对表达量分别为0.029±0.023、0.136±0.071和0.425±0.026,肝癌组织高于正常肝组织(t=-0.317,P＜0.05);c-myc蛋白在正常肝组织、癌旁组织和肝癌组织中的相对表达量分别为0.137±O.015、0.299±0.033和0.439±0.027,差异有统计学意义(F=103.35,P＜0.01).miR-223 mimics转染HepG2细胞后,c-myc蛋白在空白组、转染组和阴性对照组的相对表达量分别为0.423±0.041、0.116±0.015和0.432±0.034,转染组较其他两组明显降低(F=94.93,P＜0.05).结论 miR-223在肝癌组织中表达下调,丧失其对c-myc表达的抑制而导致c-myc异常高表达可能是肝癌发生的重要机制.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the regulatory role of microRNA-223 (miR-223) on c-myc and its role in hepatocarcinogenesis.Method miR-223 and c-myc mRNA expressions in normal tissue,paraneoplastic tissue,liver cancer tissue and liver cancer cells were tested with microRNA microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).C-myc protein expression was detected by Western blot.MiR-223mimic was transfected into HepG2 cells and the expression changes of c-myc mRNA and protein were tested with qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively.Results MiR-223 was down-regulated by 61.53% and 30.77% respectively in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues as compared to normal liver tissues and the expression of miR-223 was also decreased in HepG2 cell as compared to fetal liver cells L02,whereas the expressions of c-myc mRNA and protein increased in paraneoplastic and HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues.It prompts that the expressions of miR-223 and c-myc are negatively correlated.No obvious difference found among c-myc mRNA expressions after miR-223 mimics transfection.Conclusions The cmyc abnormal high-expression may play a dynamic role in hepatocarcinogenesis due to the miR-223 downregulation.     

人肝癌父系表达基因10的遗传印记状态

目的 研究人肝癌组织及肝癌细胞株中父系表达基因10(PEG10)的遗传印记状态.方法 从40例肝癌及其癌旁组织、15例正常肝组织、5株肝癌细胞(PLC/PRF/5、SMMC 7721、HepG2、Hep3B、SK-HEP-1)、2株正常肝细胞(changliver、HL7702)中提取基因组DNA,针对PEG10基因单核苷酸多态性位点设计引物进行PCR,扩增片段经测序分析基因型;从杂合样本中提取总RNA进行RT-PCR,对扩增产物测序以检测等位基因表达状态,同时进行实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测PEG10表达水平.计量资料以均数±标准差(-x±s)表示,组间比较用t检验与方差分析;两组率的比较用x2检验.结果 40例肝癌及其癌旁组织中16例呈杂合状态,15例正常肝组织中3例呈杂合状态,肝癌细胞HepG2扩增片段测序检测到一杂合突变位点,其余组织及细胞株均为纯合状态.杂合样本中,82.4%(14/17)肝癌样本(包括组织及肝癌细胞株)中PEG10基因呈双等位基因表达,发生印记丢失;17.6%(3/17)肝癌样本呈单等位基因表达,提示印记存在.PEG10在癌旁及正常肝组织中几乎不表达.发生印记丢失的肝癌组织与印记存在的肝癌组织相比,PEG10表达水平的差异无统计学意义(t=1.311,P＞0.05).结论 大多数肝癌组织中存在PEG10印记丢失现象,PEG 10印记状态与其在肝癌组织中的表达水平无明确关系.