近视眼患者配戴硬性透气性接触镜后残余像差对视觉质量的影响

目的对近视眼患者配戴硬性透气性接触镜(RGPCL)后残余像差对视觉质量的影响进行分析。方法近视眼患者46例(87只眼),均配戴RGPCL进行视力矫正。配戴3个月内,采用自适应光学系统在4 mm直径人工瞳孔下测量和矫正RGPCL配戴眼的残余像差,同时对2、4、8、16、32cpd五个空间频率下MTF值、CSF值等指标进行统计分析,并评价配戴RGPCL后残余像差对视觉质量的影响。结果与配戴RGPCL残余像差矫正前相比,矫正后患者近视眼总像差RMS值、总低阶像差RMS值、总高阶像差RMS值到明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。且配戴RGPCL残余像差矫正后近视眼在各个空间频率下的MTF值均有明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。但残余像差矫正前后CSF值比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论硬性透气性接触镜在4 mm瞳孔直径下通过自适应光学系统矫正可以减小残余像差,获得理想的视觉质量。     

Tscherning波阵面像差仪测量眼高阶像差的临床研究

目的:借助波阵面像差仪研究正视眼及屈光不正眼的高阶像差. 方法: 40人77只正视眼及屈光不正眼,散瞳后用基于Tscherning原理的波阵面像差仪进行测量,记录高达6阶的波阵面像差Zernike系数和均方根值,并进行统计学分析. 结果: 7 mm瞳孔下,受检对象的总体高阶像差zernike系数C06,C07,C08,C12,C13,C14,C24,C26,C27与0相比差异有统计学意义;4 mm瞳孔下,C06,C10,C12,C23,C24与0相比差异有统计学意义.除第2阶像差均方根(RMS2)以外,正视眼及近视眼各阶像差平均RMS值在7 mm与4 mm瞳孔下,差异均无统计学意义.40岁及以下者与40岁以上者相比,在7 mm瞳孔时,两者第3阶像差均方根(RMS3)差异有统计学意义;而在4 mm瞳孔时,两者第6阶像差均方根(RMS6)及高阶像差均方根(RMSh)差异均有统计学意义. 结论: 正常人眼的光学系统中存在一定的高阶像差,尤其是在瞳孔开大的情况下,高阶像差更为显著;正视眼与近视眼的高阶像差差异无统计学意义;40岁以上者所存在的高阶像差大于40岁及以下者.     

不同瞳孔直径下非球面人工晶状体高阶像差的观察

目的 观察不同瞳孔直径下非球面与球面人工晶状体植入眼内的高阶像差.方法 回顾性选择单纯老年性白内障患者76例(88眼),按照植入非球面或球面人工晶状体的类型不同分为两组:非球面人工晶状体(KS-3Ai)组38例(45眼),球面人工晶状体(KS-3)组38例(43眼).入选患者均行白内障超声乳化吸除术分别植入预装式非球面或预装式球面人工晶状体.术后3个月检查瞳孔分别标定为6、5、4mm的高阶像差[包括四阶像差均方根(RMS4)、球差C12 (Z40)、总高阶像差均方根(RMSh)].结果 瞳孔4mm的非球面组球差C12低于球面组,差异有统计学意义(P=000).瞳孔5mm的非球面组球差C12 低于球面组,差异有统计学意义(P=000).瞳孔4、5mm的四阶像差均方根、高阶像差均方根、非球面与球面组的差异无统计学意义. 瞳孔6mm的非球面组球差C12低于球面组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).四阶像差均方根非球面组低于球面组,两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.004).高阶像差均方根非球面组低于球面组,两者差异有统计学意义(P=0.012).结论 瞳孔4、5mm时,非球面人工晶状体较普通的球面人工晶状体仅降低球差,不能降低总的高阶像差,非球面人工晶状体更加适合瞳孔在5mm以上的患者.     

新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性的高阶像差分析

目的 通过与对侧眼进行比较,了解新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性(neovascular age-related macular degeneration,nAMD)患眼高阶像差分布特征,并探讨nAMD眼高阶像差与视力的关系。 方法 使用美国Bausch & Lomb公司的ZywaveⅡ像差分析仪对32例确诊单眼nAMD的患者进行双眼像差检查,对检查结果中的6 mm 瞳孔下的Zernike多项式的像差均方根值(RMS)进行统计,比较nAMD眼与对侧眼的高阶像差分布, 对nAMD眼像差RMS值与最佳矫正视力对数值(LogMAR)视力进行相关分析。 结果 nAMD眼与对侧眼相比,总高阶像差(HOAs)、三阶像差(RMS3)、球差(SA)、彗差(Coma)、水平彗差(Coma along x axis)、水平三叶草(Horizontal trefoil)的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),nAMD眼高于对侧眼。慧差和垂直三叶草(Vertical trefoil)与LogMAR视力存在正相关关系(r_s=0.377, P=0.034; r_s=0.416, P=0.018)。 结论 nAMD眼的高阶像差较对侧眼增加,增大的高阶像差可能对远矫正视力产生影响。在nAMD视功能评估中,应加入高阶像差的评估。     

近视眼高阶像差的测量及分析

目的　探讨近视眼的高阶像差与屈光度之间的关系。方法　10 3眼按屈光度分为正视眼组(2 6眼)、低度近视组(2 3眼)、中度近视组(2 9眼)和高度近视组(2 5眼) ,使用Shack- Hartmann原理设计的WASCA波前像差仪,测量瞳孔直径设定为6mm时的高阶像差的Zernike系数,并计算出各高阶像差的均方根。结果　各组高阶像差的均方根值均无统计学意义上的差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ,屈光度与高阶像差均方根之间不存在相关关系。结论　近视眼屈光度的增加对高阶像差没有明显的影响。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后瞳孔大小与波前像差的关系分析

目的 探讨瞳孔直径对准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)后高阶像差的影响.方法 对150例(300眼)近视眼患者于LASIK术前及术后3 d、1周、1个月分别检测瞳孔直径为3 mm和6 mm下各像差成分均方根(RMS)值,包括低阶像差(RMSL)、总体高阶像差(RMSH)、慧差(RMS3)、球差(RMS4)、次级慧差(RMS5).结果 LASIK术后不同时间(3 d、1周、1个月)患者瞳孔直径3 mm、6 mm下的RMSL较术前显著下降,而RMSH、RMS3、RMS4、RMS5则较术前显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后不同时间,瞳孔直径6 mm组的RMSH、RMS3、RMS4、RMS5均显著高于瞳孔直径3 mm组,而RMSL则显著低于瞳孔直径3 mm组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 LASIK术后患者的高阶像差较术前显著增高,RMSL较术前显著降低;且术后的高阶像差随瞳孔直径的增大而增加.     

瞳孔自然散大下近视眼高阶像差的临床分析

目的:探讨在瞳孔自然散大状态下近视眼高阶像差的分布以及屈光度、年龄等对高阶像差的影响。方法:采用美国VISX公司WaveScan波前像差仪对LASIK术前的140例(280眼)进行检查,在暗室内瞳孔自然散大6mm时的高阶像差RMS值(均方根)及Zernike系数,根据年龄、屈光度进行分组比较研究。结果:在暗室瞳孔自然散大的状态下,总高阶像差RMS均值为(0.251±0.089)μm,从三阶像差到六阶像差RMS值呈递减趋势,三阶彗差、三级散光及四阶球差的RMS值最为显著。高阶像差随近视程度的加深而增加,总高阶像差RMS值(RMSh)、三阶到六阶各阶的RMS值、三阶彗差的RMS值、三级散光RMS值、四阶球差RMS值与近视程度有显著差异(P<0.05)。三阶彗差与三级散光RMS值随年龄增长而增加。结论:高阶像差的个体差异较大,其中RMS值从三阶到六阶呈递减趋势,以三阶彗差、三级散光、四阶球差的RMS值最显著,高阶像差随近视程度的增加而增大,三阶彗差、三级散光RMS值随年龄增长而增大。     

隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响

【目的】了解软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响，探讨硬性透气性隐形眼镜减缓近视发展的可能机制。【方法】矫正视力正常的近视眼志愿者20人40眼，用像差仪检查同一志愿者配戴前、配软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜后的波前像差。【结果】同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较，第2．4阶像差明显减小（P〈0．05），而配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较，第2、3、6阶像差明显增加（P〈0．05）。合并有散光的同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较，第2、4阶像差明显减小（P〈0．05），配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较，第4、6、7阶像差明显增加（P〈0．05）。【结论】硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可明显减小近视眼的波前像差，从而改善其视网膜成像质量；配戴软性隐形眼镜则可增加近视眼的波前像差。硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可能通过改善视网膜物像质量而减缓青少年近视的进一步发展。     

虹膜定位波前像差引导的LASIK治疗近视散光术后视觉质量的研究

[目的]评估虹膜定位联合波前像差引导的LASIK治疗近视散光的临床疗效及视觉质量。[方法]选取柱镜≥-1.0D的近视散光患者随机分为两组,分别接受虹膜定位联合波前像差引导的LASIK（82例,130眼）和常规LASIK（77例,118眼）治疗,比较术后3月、6月及1年裸眼视力、残余散光度、高阶像差和对比敏感度。[结果]术后各时期,虹膜定位组裸眼视力均优于常规组（P〈0.05）;虹膜定位组残余散光度均低于常规组（P〈0.05）;虹膜定位组高阶像差各项均低于常规组,其中术后3月两组RMSh、Coma及RMS6差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,术后6月两组RMSh、Coma、Trefoil、RMS3及RMS6差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,术后1年两组RMSh、Coma及RMS3差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。术后1年,虹膜定位组（除Trefoil）和常规组高阶像差各项均较术前明显增加（P〈0.05）。术后1年,虹膜定位组对比敏感度在暗光及暗光＋眩光状态下所有频段均明显好于常规组（P〈0.05）。[结论]虹膜定位联合波前像差引导的LASIK能有效治疗近视散光,提高术后视觉质量。     

隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响

【目的】了解软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴对近视眼视网膜成像质量的影响, 探讨硬性透气性隐 形眼镜减缓近视发展的可能机制。【方法】矫正视力正常的近视眼志愿者20 人40 眼, 用像差仪检查同一志愿 者配戴前、配软性和硬性透气性隐形眼镜后的波前像差。【结果】同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴 前的波前像差比较, 第2、4 阶像差明显减小( P< 0.05) , 而配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前的波前像差比较, 第 2、3、6 阶像差明显增加( P< 0.05) 。合并有散光的同一受试者配戴硬性透气性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较, 第2、 4 阶像差明显减小( P< 0.05) , 配戴软性隐形眼镜后与配戴前比较, 第4、6、7 阶像差明显增加( P< 0.05) 。【结论】 硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可明显减小近视眼的波前像差, 从而改善其视网膜成像质量; 配戴软性隐形眼镜则 可增加近视眼的波前像差。硬性透气性隐形眼镜配戴可能通过改善视网膜物像质量而减缓青少年近视的进一 步发展。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.