卫生服务领域开展政府购买服务的可行性探讨

政府购买公共服务的方式既体现了政府应承担的责任,又适应了市场经济发展的规律,有利于社会公共服务体系的可持续性发展。自＂十一五＂期间,政府购买公共服务已经成为我国部分地区（上海、北京等）公共服务体制改革的主要思路之一。文章通过系统阐述政府购买公共服务的基本概念、理论依据以及试点情况,探索卫生服务领域开展政府购买的理论依据。     

Choline: an essential nutrient for public health

Choline was officially recognized as an essential nutrient by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1998. There is significant variation in the dietary requirement for choline that can be explained by common genetic polymorphisms. Because of its wide-ranging roles in human metabolism, from cell structure to neurotransmitter synthesis, choline-deficiency is now thought to have an impact on diseases such as liver disease, atherosclerosis, and, possibly, neurological disorders. Choline is found in a wide variety of foods. Eggs and meats are rich sources of choline in the North American diet, providing up to 430 milligrams per 100 grams. Mean choline intakes for older children, men, women, and pregnant women are far below the adequate intake level established by the IOM. Given the importance of choline in a wide range of critical functions in the human body, coupled with less-than-optimal intakes among the population, dietary guidance should be developed to encourage the intake of choline-rich foods.     

The role of home care service in family care of developmentally disabled children: an exploratory study.

Recent concern about the needs of developmentally disabled children living at home has led to increased attention to family support programs. Home care service is one family support option which should be viewed as a basic fundamental support strategy. An exploratory study of a small number of families caring for developmentally disabled children in New York City indicates that publicly-funded home care produces a great number of benefits for this special population.     

Preparing a well-written report: an essential skill for the public safety officer

In this basic introduction and refresher to the art of report writing, the author points out that, besides the importance of the report to the successful handling on an incident, public safety officer reports have a direct relationship to their professionalism. He stresses that sloppy, incomplete and/or incorrect reports can further a perception that the officer is an incompetent and/or ineffective public safety officer.     

Exploring lack of trust in care providers and the government as a barrier to health service use

OBJECTIVES: We examined associations between trust of health care providers and the government and health service use and outcomes. METHODS: Interviews with a sample of 611 HIV-positive individuals included an attitudinal assessment measuring beliefs concerning the creation of AIDS, information being withheld about the disease, and trust of care providers. RESULTS: Trust in care providers was associated with increased HIV-related out-patient clinic visits, fewer emergency room visits, increased use of antiretroviral medications, and improved reported physical and mental health. Trusting the government was associated with fewer emergency room visits and better mental and physical health. More than one quarter of the respondents believed that the government created AIDS to kill minorities, and more than half believed that a significant amount of information about AIDS is withheld from the public. Ten percent did not trust their provider to give them the best care possible. CONCLUSIONS: Distrust may be a barrier to service use and therefore to optimal health. Distrust is not isolated in minority communities but also exists among members of nonminority communities and equally interferes with their use of services and health outcomes.     

The national health care crisis: an analysis of proposed solutions.

The health care system in the United States faces a deepening crisis. Although the United States spends more on health care than any other industrialized nation, its citizens are less healthy and less satisfied with their health care than those in countries that spend less. This article provides an overview of the current crisis in the health care system, examines recent proposed solutions to reform the system, and analyzes these proposals in light of the values of professional social work.