脱细胞真皮基质医用组织补片在鼻唇沟充填中的应用

目的 探索脱细胞真皮基质医用组织补片在鼻唇沟充填术中的应用,并对各种材料充填效果进行初步评价.方法 自2005年3月至2006年6月,经口内入路、松解、剥离鼻唇沟皮下粘连,应用脱细胞真皮基质医用组织补片充填于鼻唇沟凹陷皮下,所有病例随访3个月～6个月.结果 本组23例病人除1例因放置不平取出重放,另1例因放置腔隙出血、青紫,清创后重新放置,其余21例均取得满意效果.结论 鼻唇沟皱纹祛除术,除中面部切开拉紧皮肤筋膜效果肯定外,其他的充填材料虽然有效,但效果不是很满意或容易复发.脱细胞真皮基质医用组织补片用鼻唇沟充填术不仅有良好的组织相容性,手术操作简单、损伤小、易成活等特点,充填效果满意,并且在鼻唇沟参与动态表情方面不会随面部运动显现充填物轮廓,是一种理想的鼻唇沟充填的新型生物材料.     

Achilles Tendon Augmented Repair Using Human Acellular Dermal Matrix: A Case Series

Achilles tendon ruptures are common in the general population, especially among members of the older demographic occasionally active in sports. Operative treatments provide a lower incidence of rerupture than do nonoperative treatments, although surgical complications remain a concern. The use of a human acellular dermal matrix to augment Achilles tendon repair might reduce the incidence of complications. In the present case series, we describe the outcomes of 9 patients who underwent Achilles tendon repair with acellular dermal matrix augmentation. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Foot Function Index-Revised long form, and the clinical results were recorded. After a mean average follow-up period of 14.4 (range 12.0 to 20.0) months, the mean Foot Function Index-Revised long form score was 33.0%?±?4.2%. No cases of rerupture or complications that required additional treatment occurred during the observation period. The outcomes we have presented support further evaluation beyond this case series for using a human acellular dermal matrix to augment Achilles tendon repairs.     

Trapeziectomy and Abductor Pollicis Longus Suspensionplasty Combined with Extensor Pollicis Brevis Tenodesis for Management of Thumb Basal Joint Osteoarthritis and Metacarpophalangeal Hyperextension

Metacarpal joint hyperextension is common cause of postoperative dissatisfaction after trapeziectomy in the management of basal thumb osteoarthritis. The senior author uses this technique to address this biomechanical problem at the time of trapeziectomy.     

Vaginoplasty with Acellular Dermal Matrix after Radical Resection for Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Various methods are available for vaginoplasty, but many of them have the drawbacks including surgical complexity and postoperative pain at the donor site. We herein evaluated the outcomes of vaginoplasty using tissue-engineered biomaterial graft. This study included 16 early stage cervical cancer patients who received curative surgery in combination with radiotherapy. They underwent vaginoplasty with tissue-engineered biological material, acellular dermal matrix (ADM). After treatment, a vaginal dilator was advised to be used for 6 months to prevent contraction of vagina. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the anatomic changes of vagina before and after treatment, and the sexual outcomes at 12-month after treatment. The procedure was safe with no intra-operative complications reported. The mean operation time was 1.7 ± 0.3 hours, with 11/16 patients had blood loss < 50 mL during surgery. Generally, epithelialization was observed in 2-week after treatment. At the 1-year follow-up visit, the mean vaginal width was increased significantly from 1.31 ± 0.4 cm before surgery to 4.13 ± 0.43 cm after surgery (p = 0.034). The vaginal length was also increased from 5.97 ± 0.59 cm to 9.25 ± 0.66 cm (p < 0.001). Majority of the patients (12/16) reported satisfactory sexual life. The use of ADM in vaginoplasty was a safe and effective procedure that provided satisfactory sexual function for patients with vaginal abnormalities after cervical cancer treatment.     

Acellular Dermal Allograft for Sellar Repair after Transsphenoidal Approach to Pituitary Adenomas

Objectives Our practice has transitioned from using fat autograft to acellular dermal matrix (AlloDerm, LifeCell Corp, Woodlands, Texas, USA). We present the largest series to our knowledge of AlloDerm for sellar floor repair after transsphenoidal approach to pituitary adenoma and compare rates of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak with an earlier cohort of patients whose CSF leaks were repaired with fat autograft.Design This is a retrospective cohort study comparing sellar repair with fat autograft versus inlay Alloderm between the years 2003 and 2012. The primary end point was postoperative CSF leak.Results A total of 429 patients (368 primary; 83 revision operations) without intraoperative lumbar drainage were included. A total of 18 postoperative CSF leaks were observed (3.9%). Intraoperative CSF leak occurred in 160 cases (35.5%). Among this subset of patients with intraoperative CSF leak, 95 underwent repair with AlloDerm and 46 underwent repair with fat autograft, with postoperative CSF leak rates of 8.4% and 15.2%, respectively (p = 0.34, chi-square test); 19 patients underwent repair with other techniques or no repair at all, with postoperative leak rate of 0%.Conclusions AlloDerm is an effective alternative to fat autograft in cases of low-flow CSF leak following transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma.     

Use of Homologous Acellular Dermal Matrix for Abdominal Wall Reconstruction in Rats

Homologous acellular dermal matrix graft (HADMG) has been used for the reconstructions of bowel, bladder, or urethra, but its suitability in the reconstruction of abdominal wall has not been tested. Therefore an experimental study was performed to evaluate the use of HADMG for the reconstruction of abdominal wall defects in weanling rats. Thirty weanling Wistar rats were used. A patch of abdominal wall 20 × 20 mm in dimension was removed. The defects were reconstructed with HADMGs that were derived from rat skin and prepared through a detergent enzymatic method. The reconstructed abdominal walls were evaluated as hernia rate and graft take ratio, excised and prepared for histological examination at 21 (n = 10), 40 (n = 10), and 90 (n = 10) days postoperation. The healing of repaired abdominal walls was uneventful. Histological evaluation demonstrated the migration of fibroblasts and neovascularization within the HADMG. Hernia in four rats were developed at 90 days. Neither significant wound contraction nor inflammation was seen at 21, 40, and 90 days after surgery in wounds receiving HADMGs. Thus, the use of a HADMG for reconstructing the abdominal wall in weanling rats has not given rise to any complications. HADMG has progressively remodeled into fibrous tissue. It appears to represent an important alternative substitute for the reconstruction of abdominal wall.     

脂肪干细胞通过旁分泌作用改善异种脱细胞真皮基质体内植入效果的机制研究

目的 探讨脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)在异种脱细胞真皮基质(HADM)微环境中能否有效发挥其旁分泌功能,从而改善HADM体内植入的效果。方法 将ADSCs分别接种于HADM及培养皿上。分别收集两组细胞的总RNA,通过q RT-PCR检测ADSCs旁分泌基因的表达。将ADSCs预处理前后的HADM分别植入大鼠体内,4周后取材行组织学观察。结果 在HADM上培养的ADSCs与在普通培养皿上培养的ADSCs相比,其促血管形成因子(VEGF、HGF、bFGF)、炎症调节因子(TGF-β、i NOS、TSG-6、COX-2)及干性因子(SOX-2)均有所上调。经ADSC体外预培养后的HADM与未经处理的HADM相比,体内植入后表现出更好的血管化能力且炎症反应也更低。结论 HADM能为ADSCs发挥旁分泌作用提供合适的微环境,且HADM经过ADSCs体外预培养,其血管化程度更高,而炎症反应则得以缓解及局限化。     

Long-term Outcome of Cruroplasty Reinforcement with Human Acellular Dermal Matrix in Large Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia

Background Laparoscopic repair of a large hiatal hernia using simple sutures only for the cruroplasty is associated with a high recurrence rate. The solution was to place synthetic mesh over the cruroplasty thereby decreasing recurrence rates in exchange for complications, such as gastric and esophageal erosions. Our initial report investigated the use of human acellular dermal matrix (AlloDerm) as a more suitable alternative. This study highlights our long-term results > 1 year of cruroplasty reinforcement with AlloDerm in the repair of large hiatal hernias. Methods and Material This is a retrospective study performed at our university. Between 2005 and 2006, 52 consecutive patients with large hiatal hernias had the cruroplasty site reinforced with AlloDerm. The variables analyzed were age, sex, weight, height, hiatal hernia size, operative time, length of hospital stay, follow-up, and postoperative complications. Results The mean for age was 56.7 years, for weight was 87.9 kg, for height 117 cm, for hernia size was 5.75 cm, operative time was 121 min, and for hospital stay was 1.36 days. Complication included pneumothorax, 3 (5.5%); atelectasis, 1 (1.9%); urinary retention, 1 (1.9%); and recurrence, 2 (3.8%). Conclusion Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with reinforcement using human acellular dermal matrix can be performed safely with a short hospital stay and low rate of complications, especially a low rate of recurrence.     

生物补片人工阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道

目的探讨生物补片人工阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道的疗效。方法2010年3月～2013年3月,行生物补片人工阴道成形术治疗21例先天性无阴道,于直肠及尿道膀胱间隙人工造穴,百得塞补片置入造穴腔,并指导患者定期更换模具。结果21例手术均获成功,术后8周人工阴道即完全黏膜化,阴道壁柔软、红润,阴道深度〉8cm,宽度〉3横指。随访9～18个月,有性生活患者（14例）性生活满意。结论生物补片人工阴道成形术是治疗先天性无阴道的可行方法。     

脱细胞真皮基质治疗伴高位盲瘘的复杂性肛瘘疗效观察(附39例报告)

目的探讨高位盲瘘的微创治疗方法,研究脱细胞真皮基质在高位盲瘘治疗中的应用价值。方法 39例高位盲瘘患者,手术分2期进行,经括约肌或括约肌间肛瘘合并高位盲瘘Ⅰ期齿线下瘘管切开、内口挂线并高位盲瘘旷置引流,括约肌上肛瘘切开内口并高位盲瘘旷置引流;Ⅱ期高位盲瘘脱细胞真皮基质填塞治疗。观察Ⅱ期手术时间、术中出血、术后疼痛、住院总天数、住院总费用及复发率等临床及相关指标。结果 39例患者中有26例获得Ⅰ期治愈,13例患者治疗失败,改行肛瘘切开挂线术后痊愈。高位盲瘘脱细胞真皮填塞术手术治愈率66.7%。括约肌上并发高位盲瘘治愈2例,治愈率100%,经括约肌并发高位盲瘘治愈6例,治愈率50%,括约肌间并发高位盲瘘治愈18例,治愈率72%。结论应用脱细胞真皮基质材料治疗高位盲瘘具有损伤小、愈合时间短、肛门失禁率低、外形保留好等优势,值得进一步推广。     

脱细胞真皮基质预制人工皮瓣的血管化研究

目的 ADM联合自体表皮构建人工皮瓣模型,探讨人工皮瓣血管化所需时间.方法 利用F344雄性大鼠构建人工皮瓣模型,分别在术后第3、7、14、21和28天取材,HE染色、CD31+免疫组化进行血管化检测,术后7d进行大鼠人工皮瓣模型微血管造影.结果 术后各时间点人工皮瓣均成活良好,无感染或坏死;HE染色及CD31+免疫组化显示,血管样结构数量随术后时间的延长而逐渐增多,除第21、28天血管数量无显著性差异外(P＞0.05),其余各时间点之间血管数量均有显著性差异(P＜0.05);微血管造影显示,去除ADM的人工皮瓣血管数量明显少于ADM去除前.结论 脱细胞真皮基质联合带知名血管的筋膜、自体表皮可以成功预制人工皮瓣.术后第3天人工皮瓣开始出现血管化迹象,第7天左右与筋膜组织建立相对可靠的血运,第21天左右基本完成血管化过程.     

无细胞异种真皮基质动物移植实验和临床应用观察

目的为降低异种(猪)真皮组织的抗原性,探讨其临床复合移植的可行性。方法健康小猪中厚皮,半数经戊二醛交联,采用胰蛋白酶和TritonX-100等处理,分别制成未交联(sADM0)和交联型(sADM1)网状脱细胞真皮基质,通过动物实验和临床应用,观察二种sADM移植效果和组织学变化情况。结果(1)兔皮下埋植sADM0早期自体组织细胞侵入迅速,炎症反应重,皮片降解和收缩明显,8周后外观和组织学均难辨别,而sADM1早期组织相容性较差,炎性反应轻,皮片降解和收缩均不明显,至30周时,其外观和组织学结构仍较完整。(2)10例烧伤患者Ⅲ度创面和1例胸部瘢痕切除后,以自体薄中厚皮(TTS)和自体刃厚皮或超薄皮(OTS)为对照,进行sADM+OTS复合移植,19块复合皮平均成活率为78.9%,与TTS组无显著差异。其中sADM0+OTS组早期炎症反应和创面收缩明显,外观效果与OTS组相当;在sADM1+OTS组,早期炎症反应和创面收缩较轻,外观平整,触软,与TTS组相当,但其中有3例患者的6块创面在术后13～20周时,复合皮出现破溃、sADM1外露及组织学异物巨噬细胞等排异反应。结论临床用交联型sADM作复合皮的真皮替代物,...     

应用软组织充填材料隆鼻术

目的探寻一种不仅外形美观逼真,手感也可以达到柔软自然效果的隆鼻材料和方法。方法应用膨体聚四氟乙烯和脱细胞真皮基质等软组织补片作为软组织充填材料进行隆鼻手术。结果本组158例患者,术后随访鼻外形均良好,手感自然,无免疫排斥反应、假体外露、假体活动等情况发生。结论膨体聚四氟乙烯（ePTFE）和脱细胞真皮基质（ADM）等软组织补片在隆鼻整形中操作方便,外形美观自然,手感可以以假乱真。手术不仅可以有效地增加鼻背的高度,而且也可以有效地延长鼻子的长度,抬高鼻尖。