110例离异家庭初中生心理卫生及适应状况的对照研究

目的：了解离异家庭初中生心理,人格,社交,学习等状况,探讨影响他们再适应的主要因素。方法：对110例研究对象作SCL－90,EPQ,社交回避苦恼量表,学习成绩以及相关因素调查,对适应良好和不良组作特质应对,父母养育方式以及精神卫生,离异时间,抚养对象,亲子关系等对照研究,结果：SCL－90大多数因子分显著高于常模（P＜0．01,P＜0．05）,有自杀观念占23％,人格问卷中P,N,E,一个或多个因子高于常模占56％,社交困难占40％,成绩显著低于平均分（P＜0．05）。适应不良组的消极应对分,父母严厉惩罚,拒绝否认,干涉过度,母亲偏爱分显著高于适应良好组（P＜0．01,P＜0．05）,成绩以及与非监护人关系差（P＜0．05）,监护人心理卫生问题多（P＜0．05）。而离异时间,抚养对象,人口学指标等无显著差异（P＞0．05）,男生个性问题发生率高,成绩差,较女生适应困难。结论：研究对象不良心理,社会交往及学习困难发生率高,影响他们再适应的主要因素有：应对方式,父母养育方式和监护人心理状况以及能否获得非监护人的关爱。     

离异家庭青少年心理、社会支持度的干预研究

目的 探讨综合干预对改善离异家庭青少年不良心理和社会支持状况的作用。方法 对124例离异家庭青少年进行精神卫生(SCL90)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、亲子关系、父母养育方式、经济状况等调查，作多相关分析；把60例SCL—90因子分显著高出常模的个案，分为相匹配的干预组和对照组，对干预组进行12—18个月的综合干预后，复测上述指标。结果 离异家庭青少年的社会支持度与SCL—90各因子分呈显著负相关(P＜0．05，P＜0．01，P＜0．001)，干预后，干预组的SCL90总分和因子分显著低于对照组(P＜0．001)；其社会支持分显著高于对照组(P＜0．01)。结论 综合干预能有效改善离异家庭青少年的不良心理，提高他们的社会支持度。     

离异家庭青少年心理障碍干预效果的相关研究

目的探讨综合干预,对改善离异家庭青少年心理障碍的作用及其影响干预效果的相关因素.方法给30例有情绪障碍和行为问题的的研究对象,作12～18个月的心理治疗,家庭辅导和学校支持系统的设置,在干预前后,进行精神卫生自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷、社交回避苦恼量表、少儿行为量表(CBCL父母问卷)、亲子关系、父母养育方式、基础肌电值等调查测试;在显著和非显著进步组间,作相关因素比较.结果 SCL-90总分及各因子分、CBCL中多数因子分、人格特征中情绪不稳定分、社交焦虑和回避分、基础肌电值均显著低于干预前(P<0.01);显著进步组的医患关系、班主任和父母的配合情况,父母温暖理解分,明显优于非显著进步组(P<0.05,P<0.01),后者的学习、家庭经济、与非监护父/母关系差于显著进步组(P<0.01),父亲拒绝否认、母亲严厉惩罚分高于显著进步组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论综合干预能有效改善离异子女不良心理,有多种因素影响干预效果.     

中学生防御方式与心理健康的相关分析

目的：了解中学生心理防御机制及与心理健康的关系。方法：采用等御方式问卷（DSQ）和症状自评量表（SCL－90）对203名中学生进行调查测评。结果：DSQ4个因子评分在男女性间和报考重点中学与否组间差异无显著性（P＞0．05）,以初三学生SCL－90常模均分为界值,高症状组的不成熟型因子、中间型因子和掩饰度高于低症状组（（P＜0．01）,且与SCL－90总分及躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和其他症呈不同程度的正相关（P＜0．01）;成熟因子在两组间差异无显著见习生 （P＞0．05）。结论中老先生心理总痛苦水平与过多动用不成熟型、中间型防御机制及过度掩饰有关,须引起学校,家庭的高度重视。     

乳腺癌患者心理健康状况的对照研究

目的：了解乳腺癌患者心理健康状况。方法：应用症状自评量表,艾森克个性问卷,生活事件量表对50例乳腺癌患者的心理健康状况进行了检查,并以50名正常人作对照。结果：乳腺癌组SCL－90总分和6个因子分均高于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;负性生活事件量表分显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）;EPQ之E因子分低于对照组,N因子分高于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：乳腺癌患者和的心理健康状况较差。改善乳腺癌患者的心理健康状况,对该病的康复和预后有重要意义。     

慢性乙型肝炎心理干预的疗效观察

目的：探讨心理干预慢性乙型肝炎治疗中支持治疗效果。方法：对150例病人应用药物＋心理治疗或单纯药物治疗，在治疗前后应用SCL－90自评量表进行评分比较。结果：两组治疗前SCL－90评分比较无差异（P＞0．05），治疗组治疗前后差异较明显（P＜0．01），对照组治疗前后抑郁及躯体化在子分增高（P＜0．05），偏执及精神病性因子分降低（P＜0．05），其余无差异（P＞0．05），两组治疗后相比均有差异（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。肝功能两组治疗后均有改善，而治疗组改善更为明显，两组治疗后比较有差异（P＜0．05）。结论：心理干扰对慢性乙型肝炎患者是一种良好的支持疗法。     

11O例离异家庭初中生心理卫生及适应状况的对照研究

目的了解离异家庭初中生心理、人格、社交、学习等状况,探讨影响他们再适应的主要因素.方法对110例研究对象作SCL-90、EPQ、社交回避苦恼量表、学习成绩以及相关因素调查,对适应良好和不良组作特质应对、父母养育方式以及精神卫生、离异时间、抚养对象、亲子关系等对照研究.结果 SCL-90大多数因子分显著高于常模(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),有自杀观念占23%,人格问卷中P、N、E,一个或多个因子高于常模占56%,社交困难占40%,成绩显著低于平均分(P＜0.05).适应不良组的消极应对分、父母严厉惩罚、拒绝否认、干涉过度、母亲偏爱分显著高于适应良好组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),成绩以及与非监护人关系差(P＜0.05),监护人心理卫生问题多(P＜0.05).而离异时间、抚养对象、人口学指标等无显著差异(P＞0.05),男生个性问题发生率高,成绩差,较女生适应困难.结论研究对象不良心理、社会交往及学习困难发生率高,影响他们再适应的主要因素有:应对方式、父母养育方式和监护人心理状况以及能否获得非监护人的关爱.     

演习各阶段舰员应激反应特点的研究

目的：了解演习各阶段舰员应激反应的特点，为探讨防治过度应激反应的措施提供依据。方法：采用SCL－90症状自评量表和应激评定量表，对40名舰员进行问卷调查。结果：SCL－90症状自评量表各因子分演习前，学习中比平时显著增高（P＜0．01和P＜0．05），演习后与演习前比较，各因子分显著降低（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）；演习不同阶段应激反应状态由高到低顺序为演习中，演习前，演习后。应激评定量表的各因子分值与SCL－90的焦虑，抑郁，躯体化因子分值呈显著正相关。结论：在模拟实战的演习中，舰员发生了一过性的高度应激反应状态。在评定应激反应状态方面，应激评定量表与SCL－90症状自评量表具有相同的价值。     

集训期新兵心理应激及影响因素研究

目的：探讨集训期新兵心理应激及相关影响因素,为新兵心理素质训练和心理健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查法,整群抽取2013年某部集训期新兵共720名,应用应激反应问卷（SRQ）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）、症状自评量表（SCL‐90）进行团体心理测试和分析。结果集训期新兵SCL‐90总分和各因子分均显著低于2000年新兵常模（P＜0．01）;与2004年中国军人SCL‐90常模比较,躯体化、焦虑、恐怖因子分显著高于国内军人,敌对性、偏执因子分显著低于国内军人（P＜0．05）,独生子女及兵源所在地为城镇户口的新兵心理应激反应较重,不同文化程度新兵心理应激总分和各因子分比差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。相关分析结果显示,SCL‐90总分、SRQ总分与情绪稳定性、消极应对方式呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）,与内外倾、掩饰性呈显著负相关（P＜0．01）,SCL‐90总分与SRQ总分呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）。回归分析结果显示,对集训期新兵心理应激有显著预测作用的因子依次为：消极应对、稳定性、内外倾、精神质、是否独生子女。5个变量的决定系数R2＝0．558,F＝163．65,P＜0．01。结论2013年集训期新兵整体心理健康状况良好,个体心理健康状况、个性特征和应对方式对集训期新兵心理应激有显著预测作用。     

高原汽车兵心理健康状况及相关因素分析

目的：了解汽车兵在高原条件下的心理健康状况及相关因素，为部队心理卫生保健提供依据。方法：采用艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、症状自评量表（SCL－90）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和生活事件量表（LES）对高原汽车兵进行个性测定和心理卫生状况调查。结果：高原汽车兵EPQ－E分低于全军常模，EPQ－N、EPQ－P分高于全军常模（P＜0．01），EPQ－L无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。大多数SCL－90因子分高于全军常模及普通高原军人（P＜0．01－0．05）。高原汽车兵的心理健康水平与EPQ－N、EPQ－P分及生活事件成正相关，与EPQ－E、EPQ－L及社会支持成负相关。多元回归分析表明，EPQ的N、P因子、负性事件，主观支持、军龄和社会支持总分等因素是影响高原汽车兵心理健康的几个重要因素。结论：高原汽车兵存在较多的心理问题，可能与其居住环境、工作性质及个性特征、社会支持等多种因素有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.