高效液相串联质谱法测定制草乌中单酯型生物碱的含量

目的: 采用高效液相色谱－三重四极杆质谱串联法( HPLC－MS /MS) 技术,建立检测制草乌中单酯型
生物碱含量的分析方法。方法: 液相色谱采用Waters XTerra C₁₈色谱柱( 150mm×2．1mm,3．5μm) ; 流动相: 乙腈
( 含0．1%甲酸) －水( 含0．1%甲酸) ( 60: 40) ; 流速: 0．3mL/min; 柱温: 30℃。结果: 建立了HPLC－MS /MS 技术测定
制草乌中单酯型生物碱含量的方法,苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱和苯甲酰新乌头原碱线性范围分别为
21．56～ 431．1ng /mL,19．56～ 391．2ng /mL,19．33～ 386．5ng /mL,线性关系良好,r＞0．995,平均加样回收率在93．0% ～
111．7%之间,相对标准偏差( RSD) 在4．4%～ 5．5%之间,并测定了不同来源制草乌中单酯型生物碱含量。结论:
液－质联用方法具有灵敏度高、专属性强的特点,适用于单酯型生物碱的检测。     

HPLC 法测定尼群地平片的含量

目的:采用高效液相法对尼群地平片进行含量测定。方法: 色谱柱为Diamonsil( TM) － C18 ( 250 mm
× 4． 6 mm,5μm) ,流动相为甲醇－水( 70: 30) ,检测波长为237nm,流速为1． 0 mL/min,进样量为10μL。结果: 在
此条件下,尼群地平进样量在0 ～ 2． 5μg 范围内线性关系良好( Ｒ2 = 0． 9996) ,平均回收率为100． 18% ( n = 9) 。
结论:本方法简便、准确、快捷,重复性良好,可用于尼群地平片剂的含量测定和质量控制。     

两种比色法测定荞麦降糖颗粒中总黄酮的含量

目的: 通过比较NaNO₂－Al( NO₃)₃－NaOH 法和AlCl₃法的差异，建立荞麦降糖颗粒中总黄酮含量的
比色分析方法。方法: 以乙醇为溶剂进行回流提取，并以芦丁为对照品，分别以NaNO₂ －Al( NO₃)₃ －NaOH 和
AlCl₃为显色剂，分别在516nm 和417nm 处用可见分光光度法测定荞麦降糖颗粒中总黄酮含量。结果: 建立硝酸
铝法芦丁浓度－吸光度关系的回归方程方程式y = 0．01201x－0．0291，R² = 0．9994，回收率为100．2%。同时也建立
三氯化铝法芦丁浓度－吸光度关系的回归方程方程y = 0．02992+0．00473，R² = 0．9996，回收率为99．75%。结论:
AlCl₃法操作简便快速、专属性强，更适用于荞麦降糖颗粒中总黄酮的含量测定。     

离子色谱法测定门冬氨酸钾镁注射液中富马酸的含量

目的:建立离子色谱法测定门冬氨酸钾镁注射液中富马酸含量的检测方法。方法: 采用抑制型电导
检测器,Dionex Ionpac AS11－HC 色谱柱,Dionex Ionpac AG11－HC 保护柱,柱温30℃,氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,梯
度洗脱( KOH: 0～ 43min,10mmol; 43～ 50min,70mmol) 。结果:富马酸在0．5383～ 10．7650μg /mL 浓度范围内线性关
系良好( r = 0．9998) ,精密度的RSD 为1．82%。结论:该方法简便快速、灵敏准确、专属性强,可用于测定门冬氨酸
钾镁注射液中富马酸的含量。     

RP－HPLC 法测定蒙药清热八味胶囊中肉桂酸的含量

目的: 建立蒙药清热八味胶囊中肉桂酸的含量测定方法。方法: 采用反相高效液相色谱( RP －HPLC) 法,
色谱柱Diamosil C18柱( 4． 6mm×250mm,5μm) ,流动相: 水－乙睛－甲醇－乙酸( 61 ∶ 34 ∶ 5 ∶ 0． 1) ; 检测
波长: 为267nm,流速: 1mL/min,进样量: 10μL。结果: 肉桂酸的线性范围0． 030 ～ 0． 240μg( r = 0． 9999) ,平均加
样回收率( n = 9) 99． 986%,RSD 1． 49%。结论: 本法准确、简便,重复性好,可作为蒙药清热八味胶囊的质量控
制方法。     

HPLC 法测定山苦荬中绿原酸的含量

目的:建立测定山苦荬中绿原酸含量的方法。方法:采用HPLC,色谱柱为Phenomenex C18( 250×4．6
mm 5μm) 柱,流动相为乙腈: 0．1%磷酸( 7: 93) ,流速为1．0mL·min－1,检测波长为327nm。结果:绿原酸在39．72～
595．5μg 范围内呈良好的线性关系( r = 0．9999) ,平均回收率为99．2%,RSD 为1．45%( n = 6) 。结论: 该方法简便、
准确、可靠,可用于山苦荬中绿原酸的含量测定。     

塞来昔布对正常大鼠心室结构和功能的影响及机制

目的: 探讨塞来昔布( Celecoxib) 对正常Wister 大鼠心室结构和功能的影响及可能的作用机制。
方法: 无创测动脉血压,观察血压变化。超声心动图评价心室功能的改变。左心室组织切片苏木精－ 伊红( HE) 染
色观察大鼠心室结构的变化。ELISA 法检测血浆及心肌组织中肿瘤坏死因子－ α( TNF － α) 、白细胞介素－ 10
( IL － 10) 、前列环素( PGI₂) 、血栓素A₂( TXA₂) 的含量; TUNEL 法检测左心室心肌细胞凋亡情况。结果: Celecoxib
用药2wk 后射血分数( EF) 和左心室短轴缩短率( FS) 显著升高( P ＜ 0． 05) ,血浆中TNF － α 显著降低
( P ＜0． 05) ,心肌组织中PGI₂显著增加( P ＜ 0． 05) ,TXA₂显著减少( P ＜ 0． 05) ; 用药4wk 后CO 显著升高( P ＜ 0． 05) ;
PGI₂减少,血浆中TXA₂显著升高( P ＜ 0． 05) ,IL － 10 显著降低( P ＜ 0． 05) 。结论: Celecoxib 可使大鼠左心室收
缩功能有所提高,可以调节心脏局部前列环素和血栓素A₂的比例平衡,同时调节整体TNF － α、IL － 10 含量。     

紫外可见分光光度法测定蒙药复方述达格－4 中总内酯的含量

目的: 建立蒙药复方述达格－4 中总内酯的含量测定方法。方法: 以异土木香内酯为对照品,以盐
酸、三氯化铁为显色剂,采用紫外可见分光光度法测定述达格－4 中总内酯的含量。结果: 异土木香内酯在0．842
～ 5．052mg 范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系Y = 0．1493X+0．1399( r = 0．9995) ,平均加样回收率为98．43%,RSD
= 1．69%( n= 6) 。结论: 该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于述达格－4 中总内酯含量的测定。     

多发性骨髓瘤病人血Hcy、β2 －MG 及ESR 的检测及其临床意义

目的: 检测多发性骨髓瘤( multiple myeloma,MM) 病人不同发展阶段血同型半胱氨酸( homocysteine,
Hcy) 、β₂ 微球蛋白( β2 －microglobulin,β₂－MG) 及血沉( erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR) 水平,以探讨这些因子
在MM 的诊断、治疗及预后判断中的临床意义。方法: 选择MM 病人30 例,正常对照组20 例,测定其血Hcy、β₂－MG
及ESR 水平对结果比较分析,并对MM 病人进行治疗前、后不同阶段进行动态检测。结果: ( 1) AL 组初诊
时血Hcy、β₂ －MG 及ESR 均明显升高,与正常对照组比较有显著性差异( P＜0． 05、P＜0． 05 及P＜0． 01) ; ( 2) 初诊
时MM 病人血浆Hcy、β₂ －MG 及ESR 水平在不同分期之间差异有统计学意义( P＜0． 05 及P＜0． 01) ; ( 3) 经过4
个疗程的治疗后,达到完全缓解［包括完全缓解( CR) 和非常好的部分缓解( VGPR) ］时,血Hcy、β₂ －MG 及ESR
基本恢复正常,与正常对照组比较无显著差异( P＞0． 05) ; ( 4) 经过4 个疗程的治疗后,未达到缓解［包括部分缓
解( PR) 、疾病稳定( SD) 、病情进展( PD) 和完全缓解后复发］时,上述因子与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义( P
＞0． 05) ; ( 5) 相关性分析显示,MM 病人组血Hcy 水平与β₂－MG 及ESR 均为正相关［( r = 0． 71,P＜0． 01) 和( r
= 0． 45,P＜0． 05) ］。结论: 动态监测MM 病人血Hcy、β₂ －MG 及ESR 水平,可作为MM 病情进展、疗效过程及预
后判断的重要参考指标。     

HPLC 法测定复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量

目的: 建立高效液相法测定复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量方法。方法: 采用资生堂CAPCELL
PAK C18 色谱柱; 以甲醇－水( 70: 30) 为流动相; 流速1．0mL/min; 柱温: 25℃; 检测波长: 240nm,等度洗脱。结果:
醋酸曲安奈德的线性范围为10～ 50μg /mL( r = 0．9991,n = 5) ,平均回收率为101．3%,RSD 为0．9%。结论: 该方法
可用于复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量测定; 舒霜不同批次间含醋酸曲安奈德量不存在较大差异。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.