多普勒超声血流显像联合血清CA125 CA199在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的探讨多普勒超声血流显像联合血清CA125、CA199在早期卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值。方法对2002年1月至2004年11月广州医学院第二附属医院等2家医院的99例卵巢肿瘤患者及42例对照组妇女分别进行多普勒超声及血清CA125、CA199检测，并分别以血清CA125〉35kU／L、CA125〉100kU／L；CA199〉37kU／L、CA199〉70kU／L；阻力指数（RI）〈0．5、RI〈0．6作为阳性结果，比较各种指标对卵巢恶性肿瘤预测的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果卵巢恶性肿瘤患者血清CA125、CA199水平明显高于对照组和卵巢良性肿瘤组，而良性肿瘤组和对照组间差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。多普勒血流显像，恶性肿瘤组RI显著低于起性肿瘤组。单独应用CA125〉100kU／L敏感性为78．4％，特异性为88．4％，单独应用CA199〉70kU／L敏感性为49．0％，特异性为86.0％。多普勒超声（RI〈0．5）联合上述两种血清学指标，敏感性为94．2％，特异性为95．3％。结论血清CA125、CA199联合多普勒超声血流显像可明显提高卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断的敏感性和特异性。     

LPA、CA125与经阴道彩色多普勒超声联合诊断卵巢上皮癌的临床价值

目的:探讨血浆溶血磷脂酸(LPA)在卵巢上皮癌患者血浆中的表达水平,及其与血清CA125和经阴道彩色多普勒超声(TV-CDUS)联合应用诊断卵巢上皮癌的临床价值。方法:术前检测卵巢上皮癌48例,卵巢良性肿瘤30例的LPA、CA125,以20例健康者作为对照,卵巢肿瘤患者同时经阴道超声评分和TV-CDUS检查。结果:卵巢癌患者LPA水平明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤组和健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),LPA水平在良性肿瘤组与健康对照组之间无显著差异(P0.05)。单独应用LPA、CA125、TV-CDUS检测诊断卵巢癌的敏感性和特异性分别为87.5%、79.16%、81.25%和80%、70%、86%,各组间敏感性和特异性比较,无显著差异(P0.05)。LPA、CA125、TV-CDUS 3项联合检测诊断卵巢癌的敏感性和特异性为95.80%和94%,与单独应用CA125检测特异性比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。LPA诊断卵巢癌的敏感性和特异性与卵巢癌分期和病理类型无关(P0.05),CA125诊断卵巢癌的敏感性和特异性与卵巢癌的分期和病理类型有关(P0.05)。结论:卵巢上皮癌患者血浆LPA水平明显升高,有望成为卵巢上皮癌诊断的敏感指标,联合检测血浆LPA、血清CA125与TV-CDUS有助于术前卵巢癌的诊断。     

血清人附睾蛋白4对卵巢上皮性癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)对卵巢上皮性癌的诊断价值。方法 2007年12月至2008年12月在河北医科大学第二医院采用酶联免疫吸附试验,检测血清HE4在健康妇女、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、卵巢交界性肿瘤及卵巢癌患者血清中的水平。分析血清HE4诊断卵巢上皮性癌的价值。结果在健康妇女、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、卵巢交界性肿瘤及卵巢癌患者术前血清中,HE4的中位数分别为41.10、43.98、65.21、260.90pmol/L;HE4在术前卵巢癌组表达水平均高于前3组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),前3组比较差异均无统计学意义;卵巢癌患者术后血清中HE4的中位数为124.32pmol/L,术前血清水平明显高于术后血清水平(P0.05)。卵巢癌患者术前血清HE4质量浓度与病理类型、血清CA125质量浓度相关。以健康妇女组+良性肿瘤组为参照人群,HE4检测卵巢癌的ROC-AUC为0.960,HE4质量浓度在107.15pmol/L时,其ROC曲线(敏感性+特异性)-1的差值最大,即为最佳界值点。HE4的界值点为107.15pmol/L或150pmol/L时,HE4、CA125单项检测卵巢癌的敏感性差异无统计学意义;CA125单项检测的敏感性低于HE4+CA125联合检测的敏感性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);HE4单项检测的敏感性不低于上述联合检测的敏感性(P0.05)。结论血清HE4水平可能成为卵巢癌的肿瘤标志物,其与CA125联合检测可提高卵巢癌的诊断率。     

eIF-4E、OPN在上皮性卵巢癌患者血清中的表达及临床意义

目的:检测eIF-4E、OPN在上皮性卵巢癌患者血清中的表达,探讨eIF-4E、OPN作为肿瘤标志物,与CA125联合检测的临床意义。方法:采集卵巢上皮性癌46例,卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤16例、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤12例及健康妇女12例的血清标本,用双抗体夹心(ELISA)法检测血清标本中eIF-4E、OPN的浓度,血清CA125浓度用化学发光法检测。结果:卵巢恶性肿瘤组及交界性肿瘤组血清中eIF-4E、OPN、CA125的浓度明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤组及正常对照组。eIF-4E检测阳性率63.04%,OPN检测阳性率76.9%,CA125检测阳性率71.74%,eIF-4E和CA125联合检测阳性率93.48%,OPN和CA125联合检测阳性率89.13%,eIF-4E、OPN及CA125三者联合检测阳性率97.83%。Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵巢癌患者血清中CA125、eIF-4E、OPN浓度明显高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期。结论:eIF-4E、OPN可作为卵巢肿瘤标志物,用于卵巢癌早期诊断,与CA125联合检测有较高的临床应用价值。     

AGR2在卵巢上皮性癌患者血清及癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨卵巢上皮性癌血清和癌组织中人前梯度蛋白2(AGR2)的表达水平与卵巢上皮性癌发生、发展的关系及用于其诊断的意义.方法:采用ELISA法和电化学发光法检测40例卵巢上皮性癌、10例卵巢交界性肿瘤、20例卵巢良性肿瘤及17例健康体检者血清AGR2、CA125水平;采用免疫组化法检测各种卵巢肿瘤组织及因宫颈癌切除卵巢的15例正常卵巢组织中AGR2的表达情况,并结合临床病理参数进行分析.结果:①卵巢上皮性癌及卵巢交界性肿瘤组织AGR2的阳性表达率明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤及正常卵巢组织(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).②卵巢上皮性癌及卵巢交界性肿瘤血清中AGR2水平明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤及健康体检者(P＜0.05).③卵巢上皮性癌血清AGR2水平及癌组织中AGR2的阳性表达率均与临床分期及淋巴结转移相关.④联合检测血清AGR2和CA 125曲线下面积与单独检测CA125、AGR2比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论:AGR2与卵巢上皮性癌的发生、发展有关.联合检测血清AGR2和CA 125对卵巢上皮性癌的早期诊断有参考价值.     

BARD1剪切变异体的自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的临床价值

目的 评价1个新的卵巢恶性肿瘤抗原--乳腺癌易感基因1(BRCA1)相关的具有环状结构域的蛋白(BARD1)剪切变异体(OV-142)的自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值.方法 RT-PCR技术克隆OV-142基因的开放阅读框,构建OV-142的原核表达质粒,表达、纯化OV-142重组融合蛋白;用间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测126例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者、15例卵巢交界性肿瘤患者、42例卵巢良性肿瘤患者血清中OV-142的IgG、IgM型自身抗体的相对含量,并分析自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的临床价值.结果 成功构建了OV-142的原核表达质粒,并获得了OV-142重组融合蛋白.当联合分析OV-142 IgG型自身抗体与CA125时,在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的敏感性为71.4%,高于单独分析IgG(41.3%)或CA125(61.1%);特异性为89.1%,高于单独分析IgG(84.2%)或CA125(88.0%);准确性为81.9%,高于单独分析IgG(66.8%)或CA125(77.1%).结论 OV-142是BARD1的1个剪切变异体,其有可能成为卵巢恶性肿瘤免疫治疗的新靶点.OV-142抗原的IgG型自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中有可能成为CA125的1个重要的补充血清学标志物.     

卵巢肿瘤患者血浆溶血磷脂酸水平及其受体Edg-4表达的研究

目的探讨卵巢肿瘤患者血浆溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)水平及其受体Edg-4在卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达情况。方法2002-01-2004-01扬州大学临床医学院测定57例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者、66例卵巢良性肿瘤患者及37例健康对照者血浆LPA水平和血清CA125水平,比较两者在诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤中的敏感性和特异性。并用RT-PCR方法检测其中18例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者及24例卵巢良性肿瘤患者肿瘤组织Edg-4mRNA的表达情况。结果卵巢恶性肿瘤患者、卵巢良性肿瘤患者及健康对照者血浆LPA水平分别为(5.63±2.35)μmol/L、(2.80±1.13)μmol/L、(2.51±1.08)μmol/L,前者血浆LPA水平与后两者相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);后两者之间血浆LPA水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LPA和CA125在诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性和特异性方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。18例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者肿瘤组织中有16例Edg-4mRNA表达阳性,24例卵巢良性肿瘤患者肿瘤组织中有11例Edg-4mRNA表达阳性,两者在Edg-4mRNA表达方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论卵巢恶性肿瘤患者血浆LPA水平明显高于良性肿瘤患者和健康对照者;大多数卵巢恶性肿瘤患者表达Edg-4受体,部分卵巢良性肿瘤患者表达Edg-4受体,血浆LPA及其受体Edg-4可能成为治疗卵巢恶性肿瘤的新靶点。     

IOTA SR与CA125、HE4、ROMA、RMI1、GI-RADS对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断价值比较

目的探讨糖链多肽抗原125(CA125)、人附睾蛋白4(HE 4)、恶性肿瘤风险算法(ROMA)、恶性风险指数1(RMI1)、国际卵巢肿瘤分析简单规则(IOTA SR)、妇科影像报告与数据系统(GI-RADS)在卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断中的价值。方法选取2019年7月至2020年7月于锦州医科大学附属第一医院83例行附件手术并经术后病理检查确诊的卵巢肿瘤患者,术前行常规检查、血清CA 125、血清HE 4及妇科超声检查,计算ROMA值、RMI1值,根据超声结果进行IOTA SR评分及GI-RADS评分。使用推荐的临界值计算每种方法的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和约登指数,计量资料构建受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及计算曲线下面积(AUC)。结果卵巢恶性肿瘤组与卵巢良性肿瘤组相比,血清CA125、血清HE4、ROMA、RMI1水平显著升高,且均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对于卵巢良恶性肿瘤诊断,敏感度:CA125>ROMA>IOTA SR>RMI1>HE4=GI-RADS,特异度:HE4>IOTA SR>ROMA>GI-RADS>RMI1>CA125,约登指数:IOTA SR>ROMA>HE4>RMI1=GI-RADS>CA125,AUC:ROMA>RMI1>HE4>CA125,CA125约登指数明显低于其余各组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),IOTA SR、ROMA、HE4、RMI1、GI-RADS各组间约登指数有差异,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论IOTA SR在卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断中有较高的敏感度与特异度,诊断效能较高。     

应用多项肿瘤标记物检测卵巢恶性肿瘤的研究

目的为了提高卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断的特异性及敏感性,加强术后患者的病情追踪。我们应用５项肿瘤标记物ＳＡ,ＬＳＡ,ＣＡ１２５,ＣＰ２,６Ｂ１１Ａｂ２进行临床观察。方法对６７例卵巢恶性肿瘤及３３例卵巢良性肿瘤患者进行血清检测,以３８例正常妇女进行对照。结果单纯应用ＣＡ１２５诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性及特异性分别为８３６％及８５９％,而５项肿瘤标记物中以任意３项及３项以上阳性为标记物诊断阳性时,检测卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性及特异性分别为８６６％及９４４％。临床Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者的５项肿瘤标记物联合检测的特异性及敏感性,较ＣＡ１２５单项检测有明显提高。结论５项肿瘤标记物联合检测,对提高卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断的准确性及术后监测有一定意义     

血浆溶血磷脂酸诊断早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤价值初探

目的:初步探讨血浆溶血磷脂酸(LPA)诊断早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤的潜在价值.方法:分别测定31例早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤(Ⅰ～Ⅱ期),20例卵巢良性肿瘤,20例卵巢巧克力囊肿及20例正常妇女血浆LPA和血清癌抗原125(CA125)水平.结果:早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤组、卵巢良性肿瘤、卵巢巧克力囊肿组、正常妇女组血浆LPA水平分别为4.12±1.36 μmol/L、1.74±0.71μmol/L、2.99±1.28μmol/L.、1.85±0.35μmol/L,早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤组血浆LPA水平高于卵巢良性肿瘤组及卵巢巧克力囊肿组及正常妇女组(P均＜0.05).血浆LPA和血清CA125诊断早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤的敏感性分别为80.65%和54.84%,血浆LPA水平在诊断早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤的敏感性方面要优于CA125(P＜0.05);但两者的特异性分别为85.00%、76.67%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤组血浆LPA水平高于卵巢良性肿瘤组及卵巢巧克力囊肿组及正常妇女组,敏感性优于CA125,血浆LPA检测对诊断早期卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤可能具有一定的积极意义.     

The diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasms

Ovariancanceristhemostfrequentcauseofdeath fromgynecologicalcancer.Almost90%ofpatientsare diagnosedwithmetastaticdiseaseinthepelvisorabdo menandforthesepatients5yearsurvivalratesareless than30%.Incontrast,thesmallproportionofpatients diagnosedwithstageIovariancancerconfinedtotheo varieshavea5yearsurvivalrateinexcessof90%[1].Tumormarkerisakindofsubstancecorrelatedwiththe occurrenceoftumor.Itarisesfromthetumortissue,ex istsinthetumor,orexcretesintobloodorotherbody fluid[2].Nowadaysmorethan100ki…     

The diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasms

Objective:To study the diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasm.Methods:Sera obtained from 430 patients with ovarian masses (110 cases were malignant ovarian tumors,320 cases were benign ovarian tumors) before operation,and from 50 healthy women as control.Serologic examination of tumor markers included CA125,TSGF,SA,CEA,AFP,HCG and Fer.Results:The serum levels of CA125,TSGF,SA and Fer in patients with ovarian cancer were higher than those in patients with benign ovarian tumors (P<0.05),also in control group (P<0.05).In the diagnostic value of application for malignant ovarian neoplasm,CA125,TSGF and SA were better than the others.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of ovarian cancer were 86.4%,82.8%and 83.7% respectively for CA125 alone,78.2%,81.3%and 80.5% for TSGF alone,74.5%,81.9%and 80.0% for SA alone,whereas 95.5%,45.6%and 58.4% for multiple tumor markers combined in which 1 or more indices showed positive,93.6%,80.6%and 84.0% for that in which 2 or more indices showed positive,and 87.3%,90.3%and 89.5% for that in which 3 or more indices show positive.Conclusion:multiple tumor markers examination could improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer,and examination of CA125,TSGF and SA combined is most ideal.     

Significance of CA 125 serum level in discrimination between benign and malignant masses in the pelvis

Aim Our aim was to confirm that preoperative CA 125 serum level can be useful for discrimination between benign and malignant masses in the pelvis.Methods Preoperative CA 125 serum level was analyzed retrospectively in 121 patients who had surgery because of a malignant ovarian tumor and in 91 patients with benign masses in the pelvis. The cutoff serum level CA 125 between benign and malignant masses in the pelvis was 35 and 65 IU/ml.Results Of those patients with a malignant ovarian tumor, 65.3% had menopause whereas only 31.5% of those with a benign tumor did so. The average age of the patients with a malignant tumor was 54.2 years and of those with a benign tumor 46.8 years. The preoperative CA 125 serum level was higher than 35 IU/ml in 80.2% and higher than 65 IU/ml in 72.7% of all analyzed patients with a malignant tumor, whereas it was 23.9% and 9.8% respectively in patients with a benign mass. In early stage ovarian cancer disease (borderline stage, I/II) the preoperative CA 125 serum level was higher than 35 IU/ml in 67.8% and in 52.5% higher than 65 IU/ml. In advanced stages (III/IV), it was higher than 35 and 65 IU/ml in 96.1%. After therapy the CA 125 serum level dropped below 35 IU/ml in 70.8% and after three chemotherapy courses in 78.1%. A CA 125 level less than 35 IU/ml was achieved by therapy in 84.2% patients with an early stage disease (I/II) and in 62.1% in advanced stages (III/IV). The calculated sensitivity was 80.2% and negative 74.5% (CA 125 higher than 35 IU/ml) and 72.7%, 90.2%, 90.7%, 71.6% respectively (CA 125 higher than 65 IU/ml).Conclusion Preoperative determination of CA 125 is a very useful method to discriminate between benign and malignant masses in the pelvis.     

CA_(125)、CA_(19.9)、CEA在卵巢上皮性交界性肿瘤中的临床价值

目的 :探讨测定血清CA12 5、CA19.9、CEA在诊断卵巢上皮性交界性肿瘤中的临床价值。方法 :回顾分析卵巢交界性肿瘤 5 0例血清CA12 5、CA19.9、CEA水平与临床资料。结果 :浆液性及粘液性肿瘤中CA12 5的阳性率分别为 5 3.85 %和 60 % ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,临床分期晚者CA12 5阳性率有增高趋势 ;粘液性肿瘤中CA19.9的阳性率为 4 3.75 % ;CEA阳性率为 12 % ,仅见于粘液性或以粘液性为主的肿瘤中 ;与术前相比 ,术后CA12 5、CA19.9水平及阳性率均显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :CA12 5、CA19.9对卵巢上皮性交界性肿瘤的术前诊断及疗效监测有一定价值 ,CEA则在鉴别组织学类型中有一定价值。     

人附睾蛋白4与癌抗原125在卵巢癌二元论模型中的应用

目的：探讨血清人附睾蛋白4（HE4）、CA125对上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）二元论模型的应用价值。方法：选取2012年2月-2013年4月间因盆腔包块或卵巢囊肿住院拟行手术的患者,包括妇科炎症65例,子宫内膜异位症（EMs）509例,卵巢良性肿瘤887例,卵巢交界性上皮瘤73例,EOC 132例（Ⅰ型78例,Ⅱ型54例）,以及正常妇女71例。采用电化学发光法检测其血清HE4、CA125水平,并评估其应用价值。结果：EOC患者血清HE4和CA125水平与国际妇产科联盟（FIGO）分期呈正相关（rs分别为0.534,0.541,均P=0.000）;各期Ⅱ型EOC HE4、CA125表达水平高于同期Ⅰ型EOC,高级浆液性癌高于低级浆液性癌,各期EOC HE4表达水平高于妇科良性疾患各组（P＜0.05）;Ⅰ期EOC患者血清CA125表达与妇科炎症、EMs组差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期Ⅰ型EOC患者血清CA125表达与EMs组差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。 HE4、CA125检测EOC的受试者工作曲线下面积（ROC-AUC）分别为0.877,0.786;准确度为90.0%,70.5%;敏感度67.4%,69.7%;特异度92.1%,72.6%;约登指数0.595,0.403。结论：HE4单项检测EOC的特异度优于CA125,单独血清HE4及其与CA125联合检测对EOC早期诊断、分期、病理分型及预后评估都有一定意义,可以作为诊断EOC的重要指标。     

Preoperative evaluation of CA 125 and CA 19-9 serum levels in patients with ovarian masses

Serum CA 125 and CA 19-9 were presurgically measured in 40 patients with ovarian carcinoma and in 108 with benign ovarian pathologies. The sensitivity for ovarian carcinoma of CA 125 (cut-off value = 65 U/ml) and CA 19-9 (cut-off value = 40 U/ml) were 67.5% and 37.5% respectively. In particular serum CA 125 was elevated in 71.9% of non-mucinous and in 50% of mucinous carcinomas, while serum CA 19-9 was high in 25% of non-mucinous and in 87.5% of mucinous malignancies. The correlation of CA 19-9 with mucinous histotype was significant. Elevated serum levels of CA 125 and CA 19-9 were observed respectively in 14.7% and in 13.8% of benign adnexal masses. The percentages of elevated serum marker levels were significantly higher in patients with ovarian carcinoma than in women bearing benign ovarian pathology (P less than 0.001 for CA 125; P less than 0.01 for CA 19-9). Serum CA 125 and CA 19-9 alone cannot clarify the nature of an adnexal mass. However, the measurement of serum levels of these markers could give additional information to other diagnostic methods, such as ultrasonography, for discriminating benign from malignant ovarian pathologies.     

Epithelial ovarian tumors and CA125 in premenarchal girls

PURPOSE: This is a review of our 18-year experience with premenarchal girls with epithelial ovarian tumors. Special attention was focused on the predictive value of CA125 serum levels. METHODS: Analysis of premenarchal patients with resected or biopsied ovarian masses from 1988 to 2005 was performed. Patient age, clinical presentation, operative procedures, histologic type of tumor, treatment and outcome were obtained. RESULTS: Six premenarchal girls (aged from 6 to 14 years) were surgically treated for epithelial tumors, representing 13% of all ovarian tumors at this age. Histological findings revealed cystadenoma in four girls, one with a mucinous borderline tumor and one with undifferentiated carcinoma. Tumor volume was higher than 400 cm3 in four girls. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of CA125 level for ovarian malignant epithelial tumors were 0.50, 0.50, and 0.33, respectively. The premenarchal girl with undifferentiated carcinoma in Stage III died after six months in spite of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Ovarian epithelial tumors in premenarchal girls show important growth potential and a relatively high malignancy rate with great influence of borderline neoplasms. CA125 is a tumor marker with low sensitivity and specificity for detection of epithelial ovarian malignancy in this age group.     

Clinical evaluation of MRI in the diagnosis of borderline ovarian tumors

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical potential of contrast-enhanced MRI with Gd-DTPA (gadopentetate dimeglumine) in the diagnosis of borderline ovarian tumors. METHODS: Thirteen patients with 14 borderline ovarian tumors were evaluated with serum levels of four tumor markers (CA125, CA19-9, SLX and CEA) and contrast-enhanced MRI. RESULTS: Among the 13 patients, five had normal serum levels of all four tumor markers, and five had high serum levels of plural tumor markers. The positive rates of CA125, CA19-9, SLX, and CEA were 46.2% (6/13), 38.5% (5/13), 30.8% (4/13), and 7.7% (1/13), respectively. With contrast-enhanced MRI, all 13 patients were diagnosed as having malignant tumors using the widely accepted criteria of MRI findings for the diagnosis of malignant ovarian tumors. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, all 14 borderline tumors had similar MRI findings to those of malignant tumors and were diagnosed as ovarian cancers with contrast-enhanced MRI, unrelated to the serum levels of tumor markers.     

Use of CA 125 monoclonal antibody to monitor patients with ovarian cancer

The monoclonal antibody (mAb) OC 125 reacts with an antigen on human ovarian carcinoma (OVCA) cells that is also shed into the body fluids and can be detected in patients' sera and/or ascites with a radioimmunometric assay. For the present study, serum CA 125 levels of patients (n = 36) with different stages of OVCA were investigated. Serum levels seem to correlate with tumor burden. In stages I and II (n = 12), 33% of patients were CA 125 positive, whereas 70% of stage III and IV patients (n = 24) were CA 125 positive. Mean serum levels were in 93 U/ml (stages I, II) and 279 U/ml (stages III, IV). CA 125 levels in ascites and in pleural effusions were manyfold higher than serum levels of the same patients (P less than 0.0001). Immunohistochemical investigations of CA 125 in different ovarian tumors (n = 91) revealed that 85% of malignant and 75% of borderline serous cystadenocarcinomas had detectable CA 125 surface expression. Furthermore, 71% of benign tumors showed the CA 125 epitope, whereas mucinous tumors were negative for this marker. One of six ovarian cancer cell lines was CA 125 positive, whereas in 6 of 11 patients, ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells (fresh and gradient isolated) were positive for this marker. The proportion of positive cells ranged from 10 to 90% in these samples. Intraperitoneal recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) therapy resulted in an increase in the number of cells reacting with CA 125. The results of monitoring in patients receiving different therapeutic regimens and/or agents demonstrate the usefulness of this marker.     

CA 125 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the differential diagnosis of epithelial ovarian tumors

Tumor markers have been investigated in differentiation of benign and malignant tumors. We analyzed CA 125 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in serum and cyst fluid in patients with epithelial ovarian tumors. Serum and tumor cyst fluid of 50 patients with ovarian epithelial tumors (7 malignant, 3 bordeline and 40 benign) were assayed for VEGF by ELISA and CA 125 levels by chemoluminescence. CA 125 serum levels were significantly higher in patients with malignant and borderline tumors than in patients with benign cysts (p = 0.0005). CA 125 cyst fluid contents were comparable for malignant, borderline and benign ovarian tumors (p = 0.39). Significantly higher levels of VEGF were present in cyst fluid for malignant and borderline tumors compared with benign cysts (p < 0.0001); however, serum levels of VEGF were similar among all patients (p = 0.25). The CA 125 serum levels correlated with matched VEGF cyst fluid levels (r = 0.44, p = 0.0015). Serum CA 125 and cystic VEGF were good methods to differentiate benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. Patients with elevated intracystic VEGF levels presented significantly higher CA 125 serum levels, although the CA 125 intracystic content overlapped. The angiogenesis and enhancement of vascular permeability induced by VEGF represents a new hypothesis for the release of the CA 125 antigen into the circulation in patients with ovarian epithelial neoplasm.