甘肃省裕固族地区中老年居民血脂水平的流行病学调查

目的 观察甘肃省裕固族地区中老年居民血脂水平及血脂异常状况,为该地区血脂异常的防治工作提供科学依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,对长期居住在甘肃肃南裕固族自治县的511名中老年居民进行现况调查,检测血浆TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C水平.结果 ①高TC、高TG、高LDL-C血症为该地区人群血脂异常的主要类型,异常发生率分别为42.86%、60.86%、53.62%.②血脂异常与年龄、性别有关.60岁以上女性TC及LDL-C显著高于男性(P＜0.05).③裕固族中老年TC、LDL-C水平高于汉族,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).④高血压组TC、LDL-C水平与血压正常组有显著性差异(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),超重肥胖组TC、TG、LDL-C水平均高于正常体重组(P＜0.05).结论 该地区中老年居民为血脂异常的高发人群,血脂异常与超重肥胖、腹型肥胖、高血压具有显著相关性.     

40岁以上在职人群体质量指数与动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的:通过探讨40岁以上在职人群BMI与动脉粥样硬化(AS)的相关性,为人群AS防治提供科学依据。方法:对参加北京市某三甲医院2018年健康体检,年龄在40岁以上在职人员571例的体检结果进行统计。按我国卫生部在《中国成人超重和肥胖症预防控制指南》中公布的诊断标准,将该人群分为:偏瘦体质量组(6例)、正常体质量组(271例)、超重组(201例)和肥胖组(93例),因偏瘦一组例数较少,所以本次不做研究。比较三组的血压、血脂浓度、血糖浓度和AS指数情况,以及高血压、血脂异常、高血糖和AS发病情况,并分析这些因素与AS之间的关系。结果:收缩压、舒张压、TG、TC、LDL-C、空腹血糖浓度和AS指数均与BMI呈正相关,而HDL-C则相反;高收缩压、高舒张压、高TG血症、高TC血症、高LDL-C症、低HDL-C血症、高空腹血糖和AS发病率均随BMI增长而增高,超重组和肥胖组AS发病率分别为21.9%和48.4%,与正常体质量组的7.7%比较显著增高(P0.01);单危险因素Logistic回归分析显示:男性、年龄增加、超重、肥胖、高收缩压、高舒张压、高TG血症、高TC血症、高LDL-C症、低HDL-C血症、高空腹血糖均为AS危险因素(P0.01);多危险因素Logistic回归分析结果:与AS有关的危险因素有年龄增长、超重、肥胖、高收缩压、高空腹血糖,其中可控危险因素有肥胖、超重、高收缩压和高空腹血糖,特别是肥胖(OR=10.06,95%CI:4.39～23.03,P0.01)和超重(OR=2.76,95%CI:1.40～5.45,P0.01)危险性较大。结论:40以上的在职群体的BMI是其AS发病的相关因素,BMI越高患AS风险越大。由于此人群中超重和肥胖人数占比超过50%,应高度重视。     

90岁以上干部人群血脂、血尿酸代谢特点

目的研究90岁以上干部人群血脂以及血尿酸代谢特点及临床意义。方法选取90岁以上住院干部79名作为长寿老人组(长寿组),60～80岁住院干部81名作为普通老人组对照(普通组)。分别测定血脂,血尿酸,肌酐清除率,体重指数等,并将两组的基础疾病,应用药物进行对比。结果长寿组的总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),载脂蛋白(apo)B,非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平均较普通组显著偏低,HDL-C/TC、HDL-C/LDL-C显著高于普通组。长寿组患高尿酸血症的比例高于普通组,服用降尿酸药物的比例也高于普通组,故两组血尿酸水平无统计学差异。长寿组同时存在高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、超重和(或)肥胖的比例明显低于普通组,差别主要来源于血脂水平以及BMI的差异。结论 90岁以上干部人群血脂整体水平偏低,但HDL-C/TC,HDL-C/LDL-C水平显著偏高;血尿酸水平无差异;同时存在高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、超重和(或)肥胖的人群比例明显低于普通组。     

2018年深圳市初治HIV感染者血脂异常患病率及影响因素分析

目的了解深圳市初治HIV感染者血脂异常的患病率及其高危因素。方法以2018年深圳市第三人民医院收治的未接受过抗反转录病毒治疗的成年HIV感染者作为研究对象,收集其基本特征和临床资料,分析纳入对象的TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C的平均水平,血脂异常总患病率及高TC、高TG、高LDL-C和低HDL-C的患病率。采用多变量Logistic回归模型分析各项血脂异常的影响因素。结果共纳入1195例初治HIV感染者,血脂异常率为49.04%(586/1195),其中男、女患病率分别为49.86%和39.80%(χ2=3.649,P=0.056);高TC、高TG、高LDL-C和低HDL-C的比率分别为13.31%(159/1195)、15.40%(184/1195)、33.72%(403/1195)和9.21%(110/1195)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄大(≥35岁)和肥胖是高TC的独立危险因素;年龄大、超重、肥胖、CD4/CD8比值低是高TG的独立危险因素;男性、糖尿病、超重、肥胖、CD4/CD8比值低、WHO HIV临床分期IV期、HIV RNA≥105 IU/ml是低HDL-C的危险因素;糖尿病、超重、肥胖、CD4/CD8比值低、HIV RNA载量≥105 IU/ml是高LDL-C的危险因素。结论初治HIV感染者血脂异常的患病率高,影响血脂异常的危险因素包括以年龄大、超重、肥胖、糖尿病等为主的传统因素和以低CD4/CD8比值、WHO HIV临床分期晚、高HIV RNA载量等为主的HIV感染相关因素。建议在临床上对初治的HIV感染者常规筛查血脂,对具有其他代谢异常因素的WHO HIV临床分期晚期人群进行重点的筛查和评估。     

秦皇岛市机关工作人员超重、肥胖及血脂异常发生情况的调查分析

目的调查分析秦皇岛市机关工作人员超重、肥胖及血脂异常发生情况。方法选取2014年3月—2015年1月在秦皇岛市第一医院进行健康体检的秦皇岛市机关工作人员共5 198人。询问受试者性别、年龄;记录受试者身高、体质量,并计算体质指数(BMI);采用酶比色法检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平。结果被调查者超重率为34.89%(1 814/5 198)、肥胖率为15.79%(821/5 198);其中男性超重率为45.12%(1 069/2 369)、肥胖率为25.83%(612/2 369),均高于女性的26.33%(745/2 829)、7.39%(209/2 829)(P0.05);各年龄段男性超重率和肥胖率均高于女性(P0.05)。被调查者高TC、高TG、低HDL-C和高LDL-C发生率分别为41.65%(2 165/5 198)、24.53%(1 275/5 198)、12.54%(652/5 198)、12.47%(648/5 198);男性高TC、高TG、低HDL-C和高LDL-C发生率分别为43.27%(1 025/2 369)、36.85%(873/2 369)、20.18%(478/2 369)、15.03%(356/2 369),分别高于女性的40.30%(1 140/2 829)、14.21%(402/2 829)、6.15%(174/2 829)、10.32%(292/2 829)(P0.05)。22~40岁男性高TC发生率高于女性,41~60岁男性高TC发生率低于女性,各年龄段男性高TG、低HDL-C发生率均高于女性,除51~60岁外其他年龄段男性高LDL-C发生率均高于女性(P0.05)。结论秦皇岛市机关工作人员超重、肥胖和血脂异常发生率较高,且男性超重、肥胖和血脂异常发生率高于女性。     

不同老年人群同型半胱氨酸、尿酸及血脂水平关系分析

目的 探讨分析老年阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者、非长寿健康体检老人和长寿健康体检老人外周血血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、尿酸(UA)和血脂的水平差异及意义。方法 选择65岁以上阿尔茨海默病患者60例作为AD组、65～89岁非长寿健康体检老人60例作为非长寿组、90岁以上长寿健康体检老人60例作为长寿组。测定血清Hcy、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、UA、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平。结果 除UA、TC和HDL-C外,BUN、Cr、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C和Hcy水平差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.001)。与非长寿组比较,AD组Cr、LDL-C、Hcy水平及长寿组BUN、TG、LDL-C、Hcy水平更高(P<0.05或P<0.001);与长寿组相比,AD组Cr水平更高,BUN、TG水平更低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,经校正性别与年龄后,模型1(单独纳入非长寿组)TG、LDL-C、Hcy水平升高以及模型2(非长寿组合并长...     

广东省2型糖尿病超重及肥胖患者心血管危险因素现况与控制现状的调查

目的探讨广东省T2DM超重及肥胖患者心血管危险因素的现况与控制现状。方法 2011年8月至2012年3月,对广东省各地区二级以上医院门诊就诊及住院的已确诊T2DM超重及肥胖患者3056例行横断面调查。结果腹型肥胖、高血压、血脂异常及MS的患病率分别为84.8%、66.5%、87.8%和86.0%,肥胖患者患病率高于超重患者(P0.05)。FPG和HbA1c控制达标率分别为40.6%和25.7%,BP控制达标率为23.9%,TG、LDL-C和HDL-C控制达标率分别为44.2%、31.9%和41.9%。超重患者较肥胖患者BP及TG达标率升高(P0.05);超重和肥胖患者的FPG、HbA1c、HDL-C及LDL-C达标率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论广东省T2DM超重及肥胖患者中MS、高血压、腹型肥胖及血脂异常等心血管危险因素的患病率高,血糖、BP及血脂的控制达标率低,迫切需要采取积极措施控制心血管危险因素。     

东莞市东部地区35岁以上居民血脂水平及分布特征

目的探讨东莞市东部地区35岁以上居民血脂水平及分布特征。方法 2011年7月至2012年4月,采用整群抽样的方法,对东莞市横沥镇35岁及以上的19 058户籍居民进行问卷调查及总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)检测。结果完成问卷调查、血脂检测共9 921人。血脂异常标化患病率为35.47%。TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C浓度分别为(5.20±1.02)mmol/L、(1.56±1.34)mmol/L、(1.49±0.38)mmol/L、(3.03±0.90)mmol/L。血脂异常类型以高TG、高TC为主。男性49岁以下年龄段组的TC、LDL-C浓度及LDL-C血症患病率较女性同年龄段组高,50岁以上较女性低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女间TC、TG、HDL-C浓度及高TC、高TG、低HDL-C血症患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论东莞市东部地区35岁以上居民TC、TG、LDL-C浓度及高TC、高TG、高LDL-C患病率较高;血脂异常类型以高TG、高TC为主;中年男性及更年期以后女性血脂水平较高。     

青少年腰围与代谢综合征相关性分析

目的 探讨青少年腰围与代谢综合征(MS)之间的关系.方法 选取2006年河北省秦皇岛市流行病学调查中检出的18岁腹型肥胖青少年49例,随机选取同期18岁腹围正常青少年49名,测量所有入选者的身高、体重、腰围、血压、空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),比较两组MS检出率,分析腰围与MS的关系.结果 腹型肥胖组中MS检出6例(12.2%).腹型肥胖组95.9%存在至少1种MS组分.男女腹型肥胖组青少年体重、体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、TG明显升高,HDL-C明显下降.超重肥胖、高血压、高SBP、高DBP、高TG和低HDL-C检出率均明显高于对照组.腰围与BMI(r=0.694)、体重(r=0.878)、SBP(r=0.508)、DBP(r=0.391)、LDL-C(r=0.398)呈显著正相关(P＜0.05).结论 腹型肥胖与MS密切相关,腰围测量有助于青少年MS筛查.     

老年人体质指数与代谢指标及心脑血管疾病的关系

目的探讨老年人体质指数(BMI)与代谢指标及心脑血管疾病的关系。方法随机整群抽样法以任丘市60~70岁的常住居民5 010例为调查者,进行面对面健康问卷调查、人体测量、实验室检测。结果 5 010例调查者中,平均BMI为24.90 kg/m~2(22.30~27.20 kg/m~2),女性BMI、超重及肥胖、代谢综合征的比例显著高于男性,随着年龄增长,BMI、超重及肥胖的比例逐渐下降(P<0.01);随着BMI的增加,腰围、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿酸(UA)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)水平逐渐增高,而平均年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)则逐渐降低(P<0.01),代谢综合征及其组分中的中心性肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症患病率增加,高TC血症及高LDL-C血症、高UA血症的患病率及抗血小板药物使用率同样随着BMI的增高而增加,而吸烟的比例逐渐降低(P<0.01)。结论随着BMI的增加,老年人多种代谢指标异常明显增加,因此对老年超重及肥胖人群应充分关注,加强健康教育,控制体重等心脑血管疾病危险因素,以提高老年人生存质量。     

南京某医院中青年体检人群高血压前期和高血压病流行现状及其危险因素分析

目的通过分析中青年群体高血压前期和高血压病的患病现状及可能危险因素,为相应疾病防控提供研究依据。方法选取南京鼓楼医院体检中心2009—2016年的中青年(18~44岁为青年,45~59岁为中年)体检人群作为研究对象,通过分析该人群的体检资料,探讨高血压前期[收缩压120~139 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)和/或舒张压80~89 mmHg]和高血压病的流行现状及其危险因素。结果调查总人群为142857例,高血压前期患者有64220例,高血压患者有3912例,高血压总患病率为9.74%,男性为12.51%,女性为5.82%。高血压前期总患病率为44.95%,男性为53.31%,女性为33.15%。中年组中,高血压前期患病率为51.68%,高血压病患病率为15.13%,而这两个指标在青年组分别为37.95%和4.13%。2013—2016年高血压前期和高血压病患病率分别为45.37%和10.65%,均高于2009—2012年的44.52%和8.78%。此外,中青年体检人群中高血压前期组合并血糖、血脂、糖脂代谢异常的检出率均高于正常血压组,低于高血压组(P<0.001)。多因素分析显示,年龄、超重/肥胖、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症及高胆固醇血症与男性高血压前期密切相关,而年龄、超重/肥胖、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症及高低密度胆固醇血症与男性高血压病和女性高血压前期及高血压病密切相关。结论中年、超重/肥胖、高血糖、高甘油三酯血症及高胆固醇血症均为中青年男性和女性体检人群高血压前期和高血压患病的可能危险因素,需要强化对上述因素的干预。     

Prevalence of malnutrition and associated metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease in older adults from Northwest Mexico

This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of malnutrition and several metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease in 287 apparently healthy older adults from Northwest Mexico. Also, the impact of overweight and obesity on metabolic risk factors was assessed. Nutritional status was determined using serum albumin levels and anthropometry. Vitamin status was also assessed. Metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease were evaluated. The prevalence of undernutrition was 15.3%. Also, vitamin E deficiency was common (18%). On the contrary, 44.9% of men and women were in overweight and 24% were obese. A 50.9% of the older adults had hypertension, 52.6% hypercholesterolemia (HC), 38.3% hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), 26.1% impaired fasting glucose and 26.1% impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). HC and low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly more prevalent in women than in men. Mean adjusted values of fasting glucose, high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio ≥5, triglycerides (TG) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher in subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m². Undernutrition, obesity and vitamin E deficiency, as well as several metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease coexisted in this studied group. Overweight and obesity were the most prevalent findings. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² was the common factor explaining most of the metabolic abnormalities. However, due to the sample size and the design of the study, the results must be seen with caution and cannot be generalized.     

Correlation between fatty liver and coronary risk factors: a population study of elderly men and women in Nagasaki, Japan.

The relation between fatty liver, detected by ultrasonography as a marker of visceral fat accumulation, and coronary risk factors was studied in 810 elderly men and 1,273 elderly women in Nagasaki, Japan from 1990 to 1992. The prevalence of fatty liver was 3.3% in the male and 3.8% in the female non-obese participants (BMI, body mass index < 26.0 kg/m2) and 21.6% in the male and 18.8% in the female obese participants (26.0 kg/m2 < or = BMI). Fatty liver was significantly (p < 0.01) related to hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in the men and to hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low-HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance (DM+IGT) in the women independent of age, obesity, smoking and drinking. Non-obesity with fatty liver, rather than obesity with or without fatty liver, had the highest odds ratio for hypertension and low-HDL cholesterol in the men and for hypercholesterolemia, low-HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia and DM+IGT in the women. The prevalence of fatty liver is the same in elderly men and women, and fatty liver is an independent correlate of coronary risk factors in the elderly.     

The metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth and the role of insulin sensitivity

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is highest among Hispanic adults. However, studies exploring the metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth are lacking. Subjects were 126 overweight children (8-13 yr of age) with a family history for type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome was defined as having at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Insulin sensitivity was determined by the frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, systolic and diastolic hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance was 62, 67, 26, 22, 4, and 27%, respectively. The presence of zero, one, two, or three or more features of the metabolic syndrome was 9, 22, 38, and 30%, respectively. After controlling for body composition, insulin sensitivity was positively related to HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01) and negatively related to triglycerides (P < 0.001) and systolic (P < 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05). Insulin sensitivity significantly decreased (P < 0.001) as the number of features of the metabolic syndrome increased. In conclusion, overweight Hispanic youth with a family history for type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, and this appears to be due to decreased insulin sensitivity. Improving insulin resistance may be crucial for the prevention of chronic disease in this at-risk population.     

Cardiometabolic risk factors in the Agarwal business community in India: Jaipur Heart Watch-6

Background

Agarwal is one of the largest business communities in India. To determine prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their distribution according to educational status (ES) in this community we performed a study.

Methods

1781 (men 1039, women 742) of 2500 selected subjects (71.2%) were evaluated and fasting blood sample obtained in 1130.

Results

Age-adjusted prevalence of risk factors was tobacco use 12.2%, sedentary habits 54.2%, overweight/obesity 54.4%, obesity 19.5%, abdominal obesity 61.2%, hypertension 36.0%, diabetes 19.2%, hypercholesterolemia ≥200 mg/dl 25.8%, low HDL cholesterol 29.2%, hypertriglyceridemia 32.8% and metabolic syndrome 22.3%. Low ES subjects had significantly greater prevalence of sedentary habits, low fruit/vegetable intake, hypertension, low HDL cholesterol and diabetes.

Conclusions

Cardiometabolic risk factors are highly prevalent in the Agarwal business community. Prevalence is greater in subjects with low educational status.     

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in a primary health care center in Trinidad

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has increased sharply in the developing countries and because Type 2 diabetic patients are at increased risk for CVD, we assessed CVD risk factors in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients presenting in a primary health care center in Trinidad. Fasting and 2 h postprandial blood samples were collected from 387 (269 females, 118 males) newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients (mean age: 53.1+/-6.6 years) for the determination of plasma glucose, creatinine, cholesterol (chol), triglyceride (TG) and % glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) concentrations. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were also measured. There were high prevalence rates of obesity (37%), overweight (35%), hypertension (21%), hypercholesterolemia (25%) and hypertriglyceridemia (22.3%) among the patients and these were significantly higher in women than men (P<0.001). Patients of Indian descent had a significantly higher prevalence of diastolic hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia compared with patients of African origin or mixed race (P<0.001). In comparison with males, female diabetic patients were at greater risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection of CVD risk factors and treatment, particularly in women, may be beneficial management strategy in all local diabetic clinics in Trinidad.     

高原红细胞增多症动脉粥样硬化危险因素分析

目的检测高原红细胞增多症(HAPC)有关血脂、血压、体重指标并分析其与动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法在海拔2800 m青海格尔木地区选择HAPC患者86例和健康对照人群200例,清晨空腹状态下检测血压、体重、心率等生理参数及血脂指标,并进行比较分析。结果 HAPC组较对照组:(1)血TG、LDL升高,HDL、ApoA1降低,动脉硬化指数增高及ApoA1/ApoB比值降低,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、混合型高脂血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症的比例较对照组明显增高,其中高甘油三酯血症的检出率高于其他血脂增高类型,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。(2)体重、体质指数、心率较对照组明显增高,肥胖、高血压的检出率较对照组明显增高,且高血压以舒张压增高为多见,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 HAPC具有血脂紊乱、高血压、肥胖这三种重要的动脉粥样硬化高危因素,提示其发生动脉粥样硬化及其相关疾病的危险性增高。     

Health status, blood and anthropometrical indices from Greek old and nonagenarian subjects

As the elderly population is increasing rapidly, there is a lot of scientific interest in clarifying the differential life-style, genetic, biochemical and molecular factors contributing to mortality or exceptional longevity. Within the framework of the ZINCAGE project, 249 old (60-85 years) and nonagenarian Greek subjects (>/=85 years old) were recruited and anthropometrical, blood and biochemical indices as well as blood pressure measurements were obtained. Based upon the inclusion criteria, 214 of them were characterized as healthy (136 female, 78 male), while those characterized as non-healthy were excluded from the statistical analysis. The findings indicated an 88.4% prevalence of overweight and obesity in elderly (91.2% in women, 83.3% in men), while a significant decrease in body mass index with age was recorded. Hypercholesterolemia was observed in 75.3% of elderly women and in 69.2% of men. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate value was increased in 27.6% of all healthy elderly, while zinc deficiency was observed in 18.7% of elderly. Over 85.0% of all healthy elderly were within normal range for all other hematological analysis. Blood analysis confirmed the good health status of the elderly recruited as healthy, except for the high prevalence of obesity and hypercholesterolemia.     

北京市老年人体重指数与代谢指标及心脑血管疾病的关系

目的分析北京市城乡老年人体重指数(BMI)与各代谢指标及心脑血管疾病的关系。方法2000年起对一个流行病学队列研究人群1827例老年人进行身高、体重、血压测量和多项血液代谢指标的检查,同时进行人口学因素及心脑血管疾病的调查。结果女性BMI、超重及肥胖显著高于男性;随着年龄增长,BMI、超重及肥胖的比例显著下降;患代谢综合征的女性高于男性。随着BMI的增加,收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、TG逐渐增高,而平均年龄逐渐降低;代谢综合征及其各组分中的高血压、空腹血糖异常、糖尿病、高TG血症增加,高TC血症及高LDL-C血症也显著增加;冠心病患病率增高。结论随着BMI的增加,老年人多种代谢异常明显增高。     

泸州市社区老年人群超重、肥胖患病率及特点分析

目的:了解泸州市社区老年人群超重和肥胖的流行特点及其高血压、高血糖、高血脂的患病情况。方法:通过多级抽样方法,对泸州市社区60岁以上居民进行问卷调查、体格检查、生化检测。体质量指数(BMI)≥28.0为肥胖,24.0～27.9为超重。结果:共收集有效资料4 445份,平均BMI为24.1±3.4,男性与女性BMI不同(P<0.001)。样本人群超重和肥胖患病率分别为38.25%、12.78%;各年龄段超重率不同(P<0.05),60～69年龄段超重率最高(P<0.05),随年龄的增长,超重率有下降趋势(P<0.001);男、女性肥胖率分别为10.01%、14.69%(P<0.001),各年龄组肥胖率差异无统计学意义。高血压、高血糖、高三酰甘油等患病率随BMI升高而增加(P<0.05),在超重、肥胖组的患病率高于BMI<24.0组(P<0.05)。结论:被调查人群超重和肥胖患病率超过50%,其高血压、高血糖、高血脂患病率达40%以上;老年人超重、肥胖问题严峻,控制老年超重和肥胖刻不容缓。