针刺“足三里”对猫胃电的影响及神经机理探讨

针刺“足三里”具有特异的调整脾胃功能,治疗胃肠疾患的临床效果。早期文献报道,针刺对胃运动和胃液分泌有调整作用。近年来针刺对胃电影响的报道较多。电针“足三里”可抑制猫胃电慢波的频率和幅度,可减少狗用胃泌素增加胃电的效应,也可增加狗胃电快波的频率和幅度;手法捻针“足三里”可减少兔胃电频率。针刺对实验动物胃电慢波是否具有双向调节作用,电针和手法运针(简称手针)的针效是否相似尚未见具体报道。本工作探讨了针刺对胃电慢波的调整作用,比较了电针和手针的差异,并对其神经机理作了探讨。     

电针“足三里”对扩张胃引起下丘脑外侧区单位放电的影响

<正> 针刺“足三里”穴对胃功能的调整作用,国内外已有大量报导,但主要是以胃运动、胃液分泌或胃电为指标,以中枢神经系统内神经元放电为指标尚未见有报导。我们以往的工作表明,扩张胃的外周传入对下丘脑外侧区(LHA)摄食中枢的     

针刺调节胃电的临床和实验研究

国内有关针刺调节胃功能的报道较多。自五十年代起各地曾先后借助多种方法提供客观指标,以研究针刺某些单穴或穴组对处于不同状态下的人体或动物胃功能的影响,但都着重在胃运动和胃液分泌这二个方面。而胃电慢波是胃收缩节律的控制波,它决定胃蠕动的频率、方向和速度,电活动比机械活动更能反映平滑肌的兴奋性和收缩性,记录胃电比机械记录胃运动更敏感,故胃电作为胃活动的一种指标早已为大家普遍接受。八十年代早期,国内已开展关于胃电的临床和实验研究,现综述如下。一、临床胃电图及针刺的调节作用1.健康人胃电图分析:根据X线鉴定选取表面电极在腹壁上的位置,“胃小弯”在剑突与脐连线的上1/4与下3/4交点处,“胃大弯”在剑突与     

针刺“足三里”对猫胃电传导速度的影响及其机理探讨

<正> 近年来针刺对胃电影响的报道较多。针刺“足三里”对实验动物狗、猫、兔的胃电频率及胃电幅度均有一定程度的影响.且具一定的调整作用。已知胃电起源于胃体上三分之一的胃大弯处,向幽门传导,具有愈近幽门传导速度愈快的特点。胃电在胃的各部分传导速度不同。在胃体一定部位的胃电传导速度是否可变?如果可变,是受什么因素影响?针刺是否具有影响传导速度的作用尚未见报道。本工作探讨了上述问题,比较了电针和手法运针的针效差异,还对其机制作了些研究。     

电针对狗胃分泌的作用

实验在5只带有食道瘘和胃瘘清醒狗进行。胃液通过胃瘘连续收集,每15分钟收集一次。针刺足三里、脾俞和内关等穴位。实验结果表明,针刺穴位可使胃液碳酸氢盐和钠分泌显著增加,胃酸明显减少。电针要比手针作用效果好。针刺对胃酸分泌作用可被局部麻醉药——利多卡因封闭穴位或静脉给予抗胆碱药物——阿托品所阻断。提示针刺对胃分泌作用是通过体壁——内脏反射机制实现,其中胆碱能神经起着重要作用。     

近10年来针刺足阳明胃经对胃肠功能影响的研究概况

本文从对胃肠运动、胃电、结肠电、胃酸分泌、胃肠激素及胃粘膜血流的影响等方面综述了近10年来针刺足阳明胃经穴对胃肠功能影响的研究概况 ,认为研究虽取得了一定进展 ,但仍存在诸多问题需进一步探讨。     

近10年来针刺足阳明胃经对胃肠功能影响的研究概况

本文从胃肠运动，胃电，结肠电，胃酸分泌，胃肠激素及胃粘膜血流的影响等方面综述了近１０年来针刺足阳明胃经穴对胃肠功能影响的研究概况，认为研究虽取得了一定进展，但仍存在诸多问题需进一步探讨。     

针刺对与胃迷走——迷走反射有关迷走传出单纤维放电活动的影响

<正> 胃活动受交感神经和付交感神经的双重支配,其中迷走神经对胃活动的调节比较复杂,这在与胃有关迷走神经对胃电、胃血流影响的复杂性上可以表现出来。已知胃活动受迷走-迷走反射的调节。参于胃迷走-迷走反射的单纤维有不同的放电规律。本工作用引导迷走单纤维放电的方法来探讨针刺是否对胃迷走-迷走反射有影响。实验方法     

胃速愈抗溃疡作用的药效学研究

目的：进行胃速愈抗溃疡作用的药效学研究。方法：分高、低剂量给药,观察胃速愈对应激性溃疡、乙醇致胃粘膜损伤、醋酸烧灼型胃溃疡、胃液分泌、胃液酸度、胃蛋白酶活性的影响,并与对照组、甲氯咪胍治疗组相比较。结果：胃速愈具有明显地抑制大鼠水浸应激性溃疡形成的作用;对无水乙醇引起的胃粘膜损伤及醋酸烧灼型溃疡也有明显的保护作用,并且还能抑制胃液分泌,降低胃液酸度,降低胃蛋白酶活性。结论：胃速愈有明显的抗溃疡作用。     

罗痛定对大鼠胃酸分泌和胃蛋白酶活性的影响

检验罗痛定对大鼠胃酸分泌和胃蛋白酶活性的影响。结果，与对照组相比，罗痛定对胃蛋白酶活性无影响，但其中、高剂量组对胃总酸排出量和胃液分泌有显著抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）。胃液ｐＨ与总酸度间呈负性相关（ｒ＝－０．９８１８）。     

电针对红霉素引起家兔胃肠电紊乱的调整作用

在20只家兔记录胃结肠肌电活动。静脉注射红霉素建立胃肠道紊乱模型。研究电针对胃肠电活动的调整效应，观察切除膈下迷走神经后对电针效应的影响。空腹正常家兔胃电频率4．47±1．23cpm，幅值1．90±0．27mV。近端结肠电频率为8．33经±2．61cpm，幅值0．51±0．12mV，远端结肠电频率为674±2．68cpm，幅值0.35±0．1mV。注射红霉素（7mg/kg）后经3．8±1．4min潜伏期，持续36．5±4．5min的胃结肠电频率、幅值增高，出现巨大收缩波。电针足三里后可使胃肠电频率幅值下降，潜伏期和持续期缩短，离散度减小，降低巨大收缩波出现。切除迷走神经后电针效应不明显，胃肠电更为紊乱，说明迷走神经在针刺调整效应中起重要作用。     

狗针麻胃大部切除手术中血浆去甲肾上腺素(NA)水平和多巴胺β羟化酶(DβH)活性的变化

<正> 过去我们以血浆中促使去甲肾上腺素(NA)合成酶——多巴胺β羟化酶(DβH)活性,作为交感神经活动的指标,曾观察了交感神经活动与针麻效果的关系,针麻效果好者,DβH活性不变或略为降低,提示针刺能使交感神经在手术创伤的强烈刺激下保持相对稳定的状态。但是,DβH活性的高低只能间接反映血浆中NA的水平,而直接测定血浆中NA水平才能更直接地反映交感神经活动状态。同时既观察DβH活性,又测定血浆NA的水平,从两者的变化关系,更能     

Time course of changes in nail fold microcirculation induced by acupuncture stimulation at the Waiguan acupoints

Acupuncture has been used widely to treat disease; however, the time course for acupuncture to have an effect remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the time course of changes in nail fold microcirculation (NFM) induced by acupuncture stimulation (AS) at the right and left Waiguan acupoints (WAs). A total of 38 healthy female volunteers, age range from 21 to 33, were studied. We recorded NFM of the right middle finger before, and 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min after initiating AS; NFM was also recorded 5 min and 10 min after secessions of AS. Nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 levels were measured from the left cubital vein, before AS and 10 min after stopping AS. The results indicated that capillary density of NFM increased 5 min after AS at the right Waiguan acupoint (WA); however, similar changes were not noted at the left WA. The capillary density decreased beginning 15 min after AS at the right and left WA. Capillary red blood cell velocity increased 5 min and 10 min after AS at the right and left WAs, but decreased 5 min and 10 min after stopping AS at the left WA. NO and endothein-1 levels were similar before AS and 10 min after stopping AS. Therefore, we suggest that a segmental effect of the spinal nerve contributes to the increasing capillary density of NFM induced by AS. The effect of acupuncture on NFM lasts about 10-15 min. The changes of balance between the sympathetic nerve activities and parasympathetic nerve activities may be induced by AS.     

针刺对缺血再灌注后心脑组织细胞基因表达的影响

随着人口老龄化 ,心脑血管疾患日益增多 ,心脑等脏器疾病是造成临床致死、致残的主要原因 ,目前仍采用综合防治方法。针刺对心脑缺血再灌注有防治作用 ,但其作用机制还不完全清楚。本文汇总了近几年从基因水平研究针刺对缺血再灌注的作用的文献 ,主要描述了针刺对缺血再灌注后心脑组织细胞的基因变化的影响 ,包括热休克蛋白、原癌基因、细胞因子、Bcl 2等 ,并描述了作用机制 ,从而概括地说明针刺在缺血再灌注后损伤中发挥的作用     

Electro-acupuncture of Foot YangMing regulates gastric activity possibly through mediation of the dorsal vagal complex

Acupuncture at some specific acupoints of Foot Yangming can regulate gastric activity. However, its precise mechanism remains unknown. In our study, the effects and mechanism of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Tsusanli (ST 36), Shangchuhsu (ST 37) on the regulation of gastric activity were observed. EA at Tsusanli showed that gastric electric change had a significantly higher frequency and wave amplitude as compared to that of the Shangchuhsu group and other groups. EA at Shangchuhsu demonstrated the change of gastric electric was greater than that of the non-acupoint group and the control group. After bilateral vagotomy, the change of electro gastric graph (EGG) of EA at Tsusanlis was not significant compared to the control group. In the mean time, we have observed the electric discharge of the neurons in NTS and DMV. The frequency of electro-physiological activity in nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV) in Tsusanli group and Shangchuhsu group were markedly increased compared with that in other groups. The results have indicated that EA at Tsusanli and Shangchuhsu not only regulate gastric activity, but also activate neurons in NTS and DMV significantly. Our study suggests that the effect of EA at Tsusanli and Shangchuhsu on the gastric activity may partially depend upon integrated nerve pathway and related central neurons in dorsal vagal complex.     

目前对针灸治疗多囊卵巢综合征的认识：基础和临床研究

To summarize the treatment of acupuncture for polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） in view of scientific principles and basic and clinical data. The relevant literatures have been retrieved through MEDLINE computerization. A control trial of 3 cases indicates ovulation induction of acupuncture. Basic and clinical study verifies that electro-acupuncture （EA） can regulate the disturbed endocrinal, neuroendocrinal and sympathetic nervous systems in PCOS women. It is known publicly that the high-class central activity is enhanced in human body after acupuncture and EA treatment because a series of neuropeptids are released, which is quite important in regulating central and peripheral nerve impulse of hypothalamus-pitu- itary-ovary （HPO） axis and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis E2.31. EA has been applied repeatedly to the women who are diagnosed definitely as PCOS and has been found long-term therapeutic effects on neuroendocrinal parameters and ovulation induction. But, this study has not explained the mechanism of these efficacies. The basic study of laboratory evaluation on EA indicates that the regulation of EA on ovary function is relevant with the adjustment of sympathetic nervous system activity.     

腹式全子宫切除术在常规硬膜外麻醉下加用针刺后的作用探讨

本文通过142例腹式全子宫切除术患者，分为常规硬膜外麻醉及常规硬膜外麻醉加针刺两组进行临床及实验对比观察。结果表明：（1）针刺在麻醉中对高血压患者有良好调整作用；（2）能减少因麻醉及手术对机体循环系统的干扰；（3）有增强硬膜外麻醉效果的作用；（4）患者本后发热少；（5）可增强机体细胞免疫功能。此种复合麻醉法，尤其适用于老年人、危重患者、心血管系统疾患或其它合并症患者。故倡导使用硬膜外麻醉加针刺的复合麻醉方法。     

The physiological mechanisms of 2 Hz electroacupuncture: a study using blink and H reflex

Our previous studies have shown that the cerebral cortex modulates the physiological mechanisms of acupuncture. However, the role of the brain stem and spinal cord in acupuncture remains unclear. The present study investigated the action of the brain stem and spinal cord in acupuncture. A total of eight healthy adult volunteers were studied. Electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve in the supraorbital foramen was used to evoke the blink reflex. Electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve in the right popliteal fossa was used to evoke the H reflex. Electroacupuncture (EA) of 2 Hz was applied to the Zusanli acupoint in the right or left leg. The area of the R1 and R2 components of the blink reflex, and the greatest H/M ratio and H-M interval of the H reflex were measured before EA, during EA and at various post-EA periods. These data were analyzed quantitatively by a computerized electromyographic examination system. The results indicate that EA did not change the R1 and ipsilateral R2 components of the blink reflex. EA depressed the contralateral R2 component of the blink reflex 10 minutes and 40 minutes after the start of EA, but not after 5 minutes. EA applied to the Zusanli acupoint did not change the H/M ratio or the H-M interval of the H reflex. The results of this study indicate that 2 Hz EA of the Zusanli acupoint does not change the R1 component of the blink reflex, and the H/M ratio and the H-M interval of the H reflex, suggesting that 2 Hz EA does not change the monosynaptic reflex in the brain stem and spinal cord in humans. We also found that EA at 2 Hz depressed the contralateral but not the ipsilateral R2 component of the blink reflex, suggesting that longer pathways, perhaps including the cerebral cortex, may play a role in the physiological mechanisms responsible for the effectiveness of acupuncture.     

针灸星状神经节治疗失眠的机制研究

以星状神经节为主要针刺部位,探讨针灸治疗失眠的可能机制。神经系统、内分泌系统、免疫系统和调控睡眠-觉醒的中枢在机体过度觉醒中发挥作用引起失眠。针灸星状神经节可降低交感神经张力,恢复自主神经系统平衡,调节内分泌和免疫系统,并从整体上恢复脑区域的整合功能,提示星状神经节可作为针灸治疗失眠常规选穴以外的1个有效针刺部位。     

针刺调节心脏植物神经的实验研究

目的 :观察针刺对心脏植物神经的调节作用。方法 :采用心率变异性频谱分析法 ,对心脏植物神经做药物的逆同向干预后的针刺效应进行分析研究。结果 :植物神经被部分阻断后 ,针刺效应具有去药物干预样的作用。结论 :针刺疗法具有双向的良性调节作用 ,对心率变异性的调节必须依赖于植物神经 ,对心肌具有保护作用