Adrenergic lipolysis in human adipose tissue in vitro.

In human adipose tissue in vitro, dose-response curves of lipolytic agents in releasing free fatty acids and glycerol into an albumine-containing medium were followed. Norepinephrine and adrenaline produced about 20% of the maximal effect of isoproterenol, isopropylnorsynephrine about 40%, theophylline more than 100%. Found pD2 values were approximately 7.4 for isoproterenol and norepinephrine, approximately 5.9 for isopropylnorsynephrine. Phentolamine (1 times 10-5 M) elevated the maximal norepinephrine effects up to the isoproterenol maxima. Phenoxybenzamine (1 times 10-5 M) had significantly lower potentiating effects. Phenylephrine depressed lipolytic actions of isoproterenol (1 times 10-6 M) showing the same pI2 value 3.0 as well in human as in rat adipose tissue and exerted per se weak lipolytic effects also. It is concluded neither potentiating actions of alpha-blockers nor depressing effects of phenylephrine in human adipose tissue seem related to affecting adrenergic alpha-receptors. The existence of antilipolytic actions of adrenergic alpha-receptors is questioned.     

Inhibitory effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on lipogenesis in rat adipose tissues

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) inhibited the incorporation of ¹⁴C from ¹⁴C-labelIed glucose, pyruvate, citrate and acetate into fatty acids but it did not inhibit the conversion of ¹⁴C from citrate and acetate into CO 2 , and the citrate conversion into glyceride-glycerol in epididymal and mesenteric adipose tissue from 24h-fasted rats. 5-HT stimulated the formation of lactate from glucose and pyruvate, and increased the ratio of lactate produced/pyruvate taken up. This ratio was similar to the NADH:NAD ratio. These results indicate that 5-HT inhibits fatty acid synthesis in rat white adipose tissue by mechanisms similar to those of the catecholamines.     

Inhibitory effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on lipogenesis in rat adipose tissues.

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) inhibited the incorporation of 14C from 14C-labelled glucose, pyruvate, citrate and acetate into fatty acids but it did not inhibit the conversion of 14C from citrate and acetate into CO2, and the citrate conversion into glyceride-glycerol in epididymal and mesenteric adipose tissue from 24h-fasted rats. 5-HT stimulated the formation of lactate from glucose and pyruvate, and increased the ratio of lactate produced/pyruvate taken up. This ratio was similar to the NADH:NAD ratio. These results indicate that 5-HT inhibits fatty acid synthesis in rat white adipose tissue by mechanisms similar to those of the catecholamines.     

大鼠脂肪组织来源的干细胞向软骨细胞诱导

目的 研究从大鼠附睾处脂肪垫组织中分离到的间充质干细胞在体外诱导为软骨细胞的生物学特性.方法 取SD大鼠附睾处脂肪垫组织,酶消化分离获间充质干细胞,经诱导液在体外诱导6周,观察、检测软骨细胞的生物学特性.结果 大鼠脂肪组织来源的间充质干细胞,诱导5d后倒置显微镜下见形态发生变化;检测到蛋白聚糖,随诱导时间延长含量呈增加趋势;Ⅱ型胶原单克隆抗体免疫荧光染色阳性,逆转录聚合酶链反应从RNA水平验证了Ⅱ型胶原的表达.结论 大鼠脂肪组织来源的间充质干细胞可在体外定向诱导表达为软骨细胞.     

Decrease in lipogenesis and glucose oxidation of rat adipose tissue after chronic ethanol feeding

This investigation was performed to determine whether chronic ethanol feeding affects adipose tissue lipogenesis and glucose metabolism. Female Wistar rats were pair-fed nutritionally adequate liquid diets containing ethanol as 36% of energy or an isocaloric amount of carbohydrate for 3 weeks. Chronic ethanol feeding resulted in a depression of adipose tissue lipogenesis as assessed by labeled glucose incorporation into glyceride glycerol and glyceride fatty acids. Glucose oxidation was also impaired after chronic ethanol feeding. Such changes may contribute to the postprandial hypertriacyglyceridemia observed in alcoholics.     

大鼠脂肪干细胞的体外分离培养及对脂肪颗粒移植的影响

目的分析体外大鼠脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)混合脂肪移植后的存活情况。方法无菌条件下切取大鼠腹股沟脂肪组织,消化、分离培养得到第3代ADSCs,行成骨诱导(茜素红染色)和成脂诱导(油红O染色)。用CM-Dil荧光标记第3代ADSCs,24只大鼠每只背部皮下3处分别植入1.5ml脂肪颗粒、1.5ml荧光标记的ADSCs(密度为5×107个细胞/ml)和0.9ml荧光标记的ADSCs+0.6ml脂肪颗粒。术后2周、1个月和3个月每次取出8只大鼠的移植物,石蜡切片HE染色观察病理变化,冰冻切片荧光显微镜下观察ADSCs定位。结果 ADSCs成骨诱导2周后茜素红染色阳性,成脂诱导3周后油红O染色阳性。ADSCs与脂肪颗粒混合移植能明显改善脂肪组织的病理学变化。结论体外分离培养的大鼠ADSCs具有成骨、成脂分化的潜能,能改善脂肪颗粒移植时的脂肪组织的液化吸收现象。     

Some adrenergic beta-blocking agents affecting lipolysis in human adipose tissue in vitro.

Antagonistic actions of beta-blocking drugs on isoproterenol-induced lipolysis were studied in human omental adipose tissue. Competitive interaciton characterized by the following pA2 values was found: propranolol 8.7; trimepranol 8.7; practolol 7.1; H 35/25 6.0. The plot of pA2 values of these drugs for human versus rat adipose tissue is linear with slope 2.0 indicating a higher differentiation of beta-antagonist actions in human than in rat adipose tissue.     

Inhibition by glucocorticoids of prostaglandin release from adipose tissue in vitro.

1 When rabbit chopped adipose tissue was incubated with a lipolytic agent (adrenocorticotrophic hormone, ACTH1-24, 0.1 microng/ml) in Krebs solution, prostaglandin E2 was formed in the tissue and about the same amount was found in the medium. 2 In the presence of indomethacin (1 microng/ml) the appearance of prostaglandin E2 was almost abolished both in the tissue and in the medium. 3 When the incubation was carried out in the presence of hydrocortisone or betamethasone (1-10 microng)ml) the concentration of prostaglandin E2 leaking or carried into the medium was significantly reduced, whereas that remaining in the tissue was significantly increased. This action of the steroids was not reversed by increasing substrate (arachidonic acid) concentration in the medium. 4 The steroids did not affect lipolysis, nor did they influence prostaglandin metabolism since such activity was not detectable in the adipose tissue. 5 Anti-inflammatory steroids therefore did not reduce prostaglandin formation but increased the tissue/medium ratio, which supports the view that they inhibit the release of prostaglandins after these have been synthesized.     

重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活物对家兔实验性肺栓塞溶栓作用的初步研究

目的　观察重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（ｒｔ－ ＰＡ）对兔肺栓塞的溶栓作用。方法　１２５Ｉ 标记人纤维蛋白原,体外制备１２５Ｉ 标记血栓,从颈静脉注入致肺栓塞。２－０ ｈ 内静滴２－１６,０－５４ 和０－２７ ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ 的ｒｔ ＰＡ,与ＮＳ和２０ ０００ ＩＵ·ｋｇ－ １ 链激酶（ＳＫ） 比较。测定药物处置后心肺残留１２５Ｉ 血栓放射性评价药物的溶栓作用。结果　ｒｔ ＰＡ各组的溶栓率分别为５６ ％ ±２１％ ,４０ ％ ±１４％ ,２６ ％ ±１２％ ,ＮＳ和ＳＫ 组分别为６ ％ ±３ ％ 和４３ ％ ±１５％ 。给药组的溶栓率均显著高于ＮＳ对照;ｒｔ ＰＡ高剂量组明显高于低剂量组。给药前后出血时间和纤维蛋白原含量与ＮＳ对照无明显变化。结论　ｒｔ ＰＡ有依赖于剂量的明显溶栓作用     

人脂肪间充质干细胞分离培养及其生物学特性的实验研究

目的探索人脂肪间充质干细胞（adipose tissue—derived mesenchymal stem cells，ADMSCs）分离培养的方法及体外扩增的条件，观察ADMSCs的生物学特性。方法以腹部手术患者皮下脂肪组织为材料，采用I型胶原酶消化法及贴壁法分离培养ADMSCs，在含10％胎牛血清的低糖DMEM培养基中贴壁培养，倒置显微镜观察，流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记CD29、CD44、CD105、CD31、CD34、CD106的表达，透射电镜及扫描电镜下观察ADMSCs超微结构，流式细胞仪测定细胞周期。结果原代和传代细胞呈梭形外观，生长增殖能力良好。CD29、CD44、CD105均呈阳性表达，阳性率分别为95.3％、98．6％和86．5％；而CD31、CD34、CD106阳性率分别为3．5％、2．6％、1．3％。透射电镜观察显示ADMSCs表现出早期幼稚细胞形态的特点，流式细胞仪检测显示84．8％的细胞处于G0/G1期。结论酶消化法能有效地从人脂肪组织分离培养人ADSCs，细胞生长稳定，增殖能力活跃，为今后ADMSCs的分离培养提供了更简单有效的方法。     

Predictors of the total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB) in human adipose tissue. A pilot study

The estrogenicity of biological extracts tested by appropriate bioassay is a standard method to evaluate the total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB). Information has been published on the combined effect of xenoestrogens after removing endogenous hormones. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the combined estrogenicity of endogenous and xenoestrogens in human adipose tissue samples with and without HPLC fractionation. The results suggest that both approaches may be useful to study interaction between xenoestrogens and endogenous hormones. TEXB of the whole extract provides information about the overall estrogenicity to which humans are exposed, useful to assess the potential contribution to health outcomes. Additionally, it is possible to identify the source and potency of the estrogenicity by using the method with fractionation, distinguishing the effect of organohalogenated chemicals (alpha-fraction) from that of endogenous hormones and more polar xenoestrogens (beta-fraction). Both methods are an integrative measure of internal estrogen load.     

In vitro effects of glucidamine on adrenergic stimulated lipolysis and on lipoprotein lipase activity in human adipose tissue

Glucidamine, a purified glycoprotein-mucopolysaccharide complex displays dose-dependent lipolytic effect on human adipose tissue in vitro. On adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity glucidamine exhibits an heparin-like effect in eluting the enzyme from the tissue stores to the medium of incubation. No activating effects of glucidamine on lipoprotein lipase eluted from human adipose tissue was observed.     

三硝基甲苯对离体人红细胞毒性的研究

将TNT与离体人红细胞温育观察了TNT对红细胞的毒性。结果表明,TNT可诱发人红细胞高铁血红蛋白和超氧阴离子自由基,两者同时形成,并伴有还原型谷胱甘肽的耗竭。这些影响呈明显的剂量-效应和时间-效应关系。     

海参活素抗疲劳作用的初步研究

目的研究海参活素的抗疲劳作用。方法采用动物抗疲劳作用实验方法 ,设低、中、高 3个剂量组30 0、6 0 0、1 2 0 0mg·kg·d- 1,另设空白对照组 (生理盐水 ) ,按剂量设计连续给小鼠受试物 1 5d。结果低剂量海参活素可明显延长小鼠爬杆时间 ,降低小鼠运动后血清尿素氮和血乳酸含量 ,升高血糖和肝糖原含量。结论初步研究表明 ,海参活素具有一定的抗疲劳作用