血管紧张素转换酶2基因多态性与高血压合并缺血性脑卒中

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶2 (ACE2)基因G9570A多态性与中国南方高血压患者发生缺血性脑卒中的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性 (PCR-RFLP)的方法，检测136例单纯原发性高血压患者及139例原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中患者的ACE2基因，同时测定颈动脉内膜中层厚度及血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ水平，并进行组间对照研究，探讨ACE2基因G9570A多态性与原发性高血压患者中缺血性脑卒中发病的相关性。结果 原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组A等位基因频率分布高于原发性高血压组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组携带A/AA基因者血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ水平高于携带G/GG基因者, 差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在男性原发性高血压合并缺血性脑卒中组携带A基因者颈动脉内膜中层厚度高于携带G基因者, 差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 原发性高血压患者中，携带A/AA基因者发生缺血性脑卒中的危险性相对较大，原因可能与其血管紧张素Ⅱ水平较高有关。     

血管紧张素转换酶2基因多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）的方法，检测156例原发性高血压患者，158例原发性高血压合并脑卒中患者及169例健康人群的ACE2基因，并进行组间对照研究，推测ACE2基因G9570A多态性与原发性高血压合并脑卒中发病的相关性。结果男性和女性原发性高血压组G等位基因频率分别为69．8％、57．1％，高于对照组的55．0％、44．2％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压组GG基因型的频率为32．8％，高于对照组的15．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。男性和女性原发性高血压合并脑卒中组A等位基因频率分别为57．3％、62．3％，高于原发性高血压组的30．2％、42．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；两组ACE2基因型分布不同，原发性高血压合并脑卒中组AA基因型的频率为37．7％，高于原发性高血压组的18．6％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论ACE2基因G9570A多态性与我国南方汉族人原发性高血压合并脑卒中可能具有一定相关性。携带A／AA基因的人群发生原发性高血压合并脑卒中的危险性相对较大。     

ACE2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的 研究血管紧张素转化酶2（angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE2）基因多态性与广东地区原发性高血压的相关性.方法 高血压组选择门诊与住院的汉族无血缘关系的原发性高血压369例,男194例,女175例;对照组为同期体检的广东地区健康汉族居民199例,男101例,女98例.排除冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病及肝功能不良、肾功能不良.按照性别分为两组,采用病例对照的原则,应用聚合酶链反应和限制性内切酶片段长度多态性（polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP）的方法检测ACE2基因G9570A多态性,并随机抽取20份标本进行基因测序以核实基因分型.在分析各亚组的年龄、体重指数、血压及生化指标的基础上综合分析ACE2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系.结果 高血压组G等位基因频率：男75.3%,对照组男60.4%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.0086,P=0.0081）,高血压组,女57.4%,对照组45.4%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.9443,P=0.0084）;女高血压组GG基因型的频率明显高于对照组（χ2=12.9499,P=0.0015）;G等位基因人群发生高血压的风险高于A等位基因人群,男OR：1.9945,95% CI：1.1916～3.3385,P=0.0082;女OR：1.603,95% CI：1.1274～2.2792,P=0.0085.结论 ACE2-G9570A多态性与原发性高血压相关;携带G等位基因的男性和仅仅携带G基因的女性人群发生高血压的危险性相对较大,提示ACE2基因可作为原发性高血压的候选易感基因.     

原发性高血压血管紧张素转换酶2基因多态性与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法:采用病例对照研究方法,以社区人群中确诊的96例原发性高血压患者为研究对象(病例组),以性别、年龄相匹配的健康人为对照组,测定空腹血糖、胰岛素,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测其ACE2基因G9570A多态性。结果:与对照组比较,病例组G9570A基因多态性构成无显著差异;病例组中男性病例基因表型A组HOMA-IR高于G组,女性病例基因表型AA组HOMA-IR高于AG组及GG组。结论:高血压人群ACE2基因多态性与胰岛素抵抗存在一定关系,基因型A/AA可能是高血压患者胰岛素抵抗的遗传易感指标。     

血管紧张素转化酶基因多态性与老年人高血压合并左心室肥厚的探讨

目的 探讨血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）基因插入／缺失（I／D）多态性与老年人高血压合并左心室肥厚（LVH）的关系。同时测定血清ACE水平,观察与ACE基因多态性的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术102例老年人进行ACE基因I／D多态性检测,其中正常对照者41例,高血压无心脑血管合并症（CCVD）患者35例,高血压合并LVH者26例。同时,用紫外分光光度法测定其中32例正常人和29例高血压病患者的血清ACE浓度。结果 高血压合并LVH组DD基因型频率0．385和D等位基因频率0．596分别显著高于正常对照组的0．122和0．378（均为P＜0．05）,以及高血压无CCVD组的0．114和0．386（均为P＜0．05）。同时发现DD型者血清ACE水平显著高于Ⅱ型（P＜0．05）。结论 ACE基因缺失多态性可能是老年高血压合并LVH易患者的重要遗传标志。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与原发性高血压病关系的研究──粤东地区人群研究

原发性高血压为一多因素性疾病，其遗传机制与多种基因变异有关，尤其与编码肾素血管紧张素系统的基因相关。为探测血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因多态性与原发性高血压发生的关系，本文应用聚合酶链反应检测粤东地区60例原发性高血压病患者和60例正常人ACE基因插入／缺失多态性。结果表明正常组缺失型等位基因出现的相对频率为0．375，原发性高血压组缺失型等位基因出现的相对频率为0．492，两者差别无显著意义（P＞0．05）。我们认为ACE基因插入／缺失多态性与原发性高血压无密切关系，不宜作为该地区原发性高血压的诊断基因。     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与周围动脉闭塞性疾病的关系

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因插入／缺失（I／D）多态性与周围动脉闭塞性疾病（PAOD）的关系。方法运用PCR法检测100例高血压合并周围动脉闭塞性疾病患者、150例高血压患者和126例健康人的ACE基因型，分析比较各组ACE基因I／D多态性分布的差异。结果高血压合并周围动脉闭塞性疾病组的ACEDD基因型频率（0．23）及D等位基因频率（0．44）高于高血压组（0．11和0．34，P〈0．05）和正常对照组（0．10和0．33，P〈0．01），而高血压组与正常对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论1．ACED等位基因可能是周围动脉闭塞性疾病的易感基因。2．ACE基因I／D多态性可能与高血压的发病无关。     

血管紧张素转化酶2基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的研究血管紧张素转化酶2基因（ACE2-G8790A）单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与原发性高血压的关系。方法用PCR—RFLP及电泳分析法进行基因分型,SPSS软件分析各等位基因与原发性高血压的相关性。结果高血压患者与对照组的基因型、等位基因频率比较均有显著性差异（P=0．020,0．001）。高血压组GG、GA和AA基因型在女性中的分布频率分别为29．2％、42．4％和28．4％,女性对照组相应基因型的频率分别为29．3％、56．6％和14．1％,两组比较有显著性差异;G,A等位基因频率在高血压组分别为53．0％和47．0％,对照组相应的等位基因频率为63．3％,36．7％,两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论ACE2-G8790A基因多态性与原发性高血压相关。     

ACE、AT1R基因多态性与孕龄期子宫内膜异位症患者遗传易感性的关系

目的：探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因A2350G、血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体（AT1R）基因A1166C多态性与孕龄期妇女Ⅲ、Ⅳ期子宫内膜异位症（ Ems）遗传易感性的关系。方法以Ⅲ、Ⅳ期Ems患者78例（病例组）及非Ems患者82例（对照组）为研究对象。采用PCR-RFLP技术分析两组ACE基因A2350G、AT1R基因A1166C多态性分布。结果病例组ACE基因A2350G基因型AA、AG、GG携带率分别为62．82％、34．62％、2．56％,A、G等位基因分布频率分别为80．13％、19．87％;对照组分别为86．59％、12．20％、1．20％和92．68％、7．32％;P均＜0．05。病例组AT1R基因A1166C基因型AA、AC携带率分别为85．90％、14．10％,A、C等位基因分布频率为92．95％、7．05％;对照组分别为87．80％、12．20％和93．90％、6．10％;P均＞0．05。结论携带ACE基因G等位基因的孕龄期妇女患Ⅲ、Ⅳ期Ems的危险性增加,AT1R基因多态性可能不是Ems发生的独立危险因素。     

ACE基因、CYP11B2基因多态性联合分析与原发性高血压合并缺血性脑血管病的相关性研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因I／D多态性和醛固酮合酶（CYP11B2）基因-344T／C多态性联合分析与原发性高血压（EH）及合并缺血性脑血管病（ICVD）的关系。方法运用聚合酶链反应（PCR）、限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）等技术检测正常对照（NE）组305例、单纯高血压（SEH）组324例和高血压合并缺血性脑血管病（ICVD）组297例的ACE、CYP11B2基因型，结合临床资料统计分析。结果ACE基因DD型及D等位基因频率在ICVD组显著高于NE组和SEH组（P〈0．0125），在SEH组与NE组问无显著差异；CYP11B2三种基因型在各组分布差异无显著性；ACE基因DD型＋CYP11B2基因TC／CC型分布在三组间有显著差异（P〈0．05），DD—TC／CC频率在ICVD组显著高于NE组和SEH组（P〈0．0125），在SEH组与NE组间差异无显著性；Logistic回归分析提示，年龄、体重指数（BMI）、血清总胆固醇（CHOL）、血糖（GLU）、基因联合DD—TC／CC是EH人群发生ICVD的独立危险因素，而ACE基因DD型未进入回归方程。结论ACE基因I／D多态性和CYP11B2基因-344T／C多态性与高血压无明显关系，但在高血压人群中，年龄、BMI、CHOL、GLU、ACE基因DD型＋CYP11B2基因TC／CC型可能是其发生ICVD的独立危险因素，ACE基因与CYP11B2基因可能存在协同作用。     

血管紧张素转换酶2基因A9570G多态性与高血压合并左心室肥厚的相关性研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶2基因(ACE2)A9570G多态性与高血压合并左心室肥厚的关系。方法选择高血压合并左心室肥厚(LVH)患者172例(LVH组)、高血压未合并LVH患者153例(NLVH组)以及对照组80例,应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法检测入选者ACE2基因A9570G多态性,按性别分别比较不同组别中基因型分布及等位基因频率的差异。结果在女性,3组间等位基因频率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.007),基因型分布差异也有统计学意义(P=0.034),其中LVH组GG基因型及G等位基因频率分别为30.0%和61.0%,高于NLVH组(18.7%和44.8%)及对照组(15.0%和40.0%)。在男性,3组间等位基因/基因型频率比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.002),其中LVH组G基因型/等位基因频率为69.0%,高于NLVH组(47.6%)及对照组(40.0%)。结论 ACE2基因A9570G多态性与高血压患者左心室肥厚相关。     

血管紧张素转换酶2基因的多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的关系

目的:探讨血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)基因的多态性与皖北汉族人冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病,CHD)的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法,检测120例CHD患者与109例对照人群(排除CHD患者及健康体检者)的ACE2基因,并进行组间对照研究ACE2基因的多态性与CHD的相关性。结果:在男性CHD患者中,G等位基因的频率明显高于对照组(分别为77.6%、60.7%,P0.05);在女性CHD患者中,携带G等位基因的基因型GG型、AG型的分布频率略高于对照组(分别为43.2%、29.5%和32.1%、28.3%),差别无统计学意义。结论:ACE2基因的多态性与皖北男性汉族人群CHD的发病可能存在相关性,携带G等位基因的男性人群发生CHD的危险性相对较大。     

高血压伴左心室肥厚患者ACE2350G/A及Chymase基因多态性与心房颤动的关系

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶基因2350G→A单核苷酸多态性（ACE2350G/A）及胃促胰酶（Chymase）基因多态性在高血压伴左心室肥厚（LVH）人群中心房颤动（房颤）及非房颤患者中的分布,探讨高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生的分子遗传学机制,为房颤的防治提供临床和实验依据.方法 2010年8月至2013年6月泰州市人民医院收治的408例高血压伴LVH住院患者,根据有无房颤分为LVH-房颤组和LVH组,利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）及限制性酶切技术进行检测ACE2350G/A及Chymase基因的CMA/B多态性.结果 LVH-房颤组ACE2350基因G、A等位基因的频率明显高于LVH组（x2=5.503,P=0.019）.ACE2350基因多态性与高血压伴LVH患者房颤相关.CMA/B基因在房颤组与LVH组G、A等位基因频率差异无统计学意义（x2=0.933,P=0.334）,CMA/B基因与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生无显著相关.与正常人相比,各类型LVH患者的CMA/B基因的GG,AA及G、A等位基因频率差异均有统计学意义.结论 ACE2350基因多态性与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生相关,AA基因型增加房颤的发生风险,A等位基因为房颤发生的危险基因.CMA/B基因与高血压伴LVH患者房颤发生无显著相关.     

Association of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene G2350A dimorphism with essential hypertension

Although the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a strong candidate gene for hypertension, the extensively studied insertion-deletion dimorphism in intron 16 was not found to be associated with it. Several new polymorphisms in the ACE gene were identified, among which a dimorphism in exon 17, ACE G2350A, has a significant effect on plasma ACE concentrations. To assess the value of genotyping the ACE G2350A dimorphism in a genetically homogeneous population, we carried out a retrospective, case-control study of dimorphism G2350A for a putative association with essential hypertension (EH) in a Gulf population (Emirati)--an ethnic group characterized by no alcohol intake and no cigarette smoking. We investigated a sample population of 254 Emirati, comprising 136 normotensive controls, and 118 patients with clinical diagnoses of EH. ACE G2350A alleles were visualized by assays based on polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis. The ACE G2350A dimorphism showed an association with EH (chi2=6.71, 2 df, P=0.05). Further analysis revealed that the ACE G/G 2350 genotype was positively associated (OR=1.06-3.07, P=0.02) with EH. This is the first association study of the ACE G2350A dimorphism with EH, and the positive result might indicate that ACE could be a QTL for EH as originally thought.     

Gene polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system and early development of hypertension

BACKGROUND: A case-control association study was conducted to investigate a possible involvement of polymorphisms of three renin-angiotensin system genes: ACE (I/D and T-3892C), AGT (M235T and T174M), and AT1R (A1166C) in the early development of hypertension. METHODS: One hundred nineteen hypertensive and 125 normotensive participants aged 18 to 40 years were selected from a broader sample representative of the general population of Croatia. The selection criteria for hypertensive cases were systolic blood pressure (BP) higher than 140 mm Hg or diastolic BP higher than 90 mm Hg and a history of hypertension according to patient interview. RESULTS: Among the polymorphisms investigated, only those located on the ACE gene were associated with hypertension. For ACE I/D, the odds ratio for hypertension of DD versus II homozygote individuals was 2.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-5.25) and for ACE T-3892C, the odds ratio of CC versus TT individuals was 2.32 (95% CI 1.05-5.10). Both polymorphisms of the ACE gene were in tight linkage disequilibrium. Of the investigated risk factors for hypertension, only body mass index (BMI) showed an influence on the early development of hypertension, acting independently of the ACE polymorphism. Their additive effect gives rise to 86% of hypertensives in subjects having both the DD genotype and BMI >or=30 kg/m(2). CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides evidence of the association of the ACE gene polymorphisms and premature hypertension. In addition, BMI proved to be another important predictor of the disorder acting independently of the ACE gene.     

Association of ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms with essential hypertension in the northernmost province of China

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, as a strong candidate gene for essential hypertension(EH), has been extensively studied. In this study, we carried out a population-based case-control study to explore whether ACE gene I/D and A2350G polymorphisms could consider to be risk factors for EH. A total of 2040 subjeces were recruited from Chinese Han in this study, out of which 1010 were cases and 1030 were normotensive individuals. ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and A2350G polymorphism was detected after restriction enzyme digestion with BstuI. Besides, we choosed 10% samples randomly sequencing to verify the accuracy of results. Genotype and allele frequencies distribution of I/D and A2350G in EH and control groups were significantly different. After grouped by sex or age, there were still statistical significances for two polymorphisms. In dominant and recessive model of A2350G, we found significant differences between two groups, respectively. For ACE I/D polymorphism, we observed that the existence of dramatical difference in dominant model between two groups, while in recessive model, marginally significant difference was found. Among the four haplotypes composed by ACE gene A2350G and I/D, haplotype G-D reached the statistical significance in two groups, and exhibited to be a risk factor for the development of EH, whose P < 0.001 and OR 95%CI = 1.639(1.435–1.872), while the other haplotypes were the protective factors and decreased the susceptibility to EH(P < 0.05). ACE gene A2350G and I/D polymorphisms were associated with increasing the risk of suffering from EH in the northernmost province of China individuals, with D allele and G allele individuals had a higher risk of EH(OR = 1.443, 95%CI = 1.273–1.636 and OR = 1.481, 95%CI = 1.303–1.684).     

血管紧张素转换酶2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因多态性与高血压左心室肥厚的相关研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因多态性在高血压伴左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)、高血压人群、健康体检者中的分布,探讨高血压患者LVH发生的分子遗传机制。方法选取高血压住院患者205例,根据有无LVH,分为LVH组105例和原发性高血压组100例;同时选取健康体检者101例作为对照组,利用PCR-RFLP进行检测ACE2350G/A及胃促胰酶基因CMA/B多态性。结果与对照组比较,LVH组ACE2350基因AA基因型(25.7%vs 13.9%)和A等位基因频率(51.4%vs 39.6%)均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组CMA/B基因G、A等位基因频率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ACE2350基因多态性与高血压患者LVH发生显著相关,AA基因型增加LVH的发生风险,A等位基因频率为LVH发生的危险基因。CMA/B基因与高血压患者LVH发生无显著相关性。     

血管紧张素原基因和血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与高血压

目的　研究中国人群中血管紧张素原 (AGT)基因单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)及血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因插入 /缺失多态与高血压病的关系。方法　在 3 4 5例高血压病患者与 2 0 6名血压正常人中采用PCR RFLP法检测AGT基因A 2 0C ,A 6G和M 2 3 5T的多态性 ,用PCR法检测ACE基因 16内含子Alu片段插入 /缺失多态 ,同时用EM算法进行两位点连锁不平衡分析。结果　在M 2 3 5T和A 2 0C ,M 2 3 5T和A 6G ,A 2 0C和A 6G位点观察到了连锁不平衡 (P <10 - 4)。病例 对照检验显示T2 3 5等位基因频率在高血压组中高于对照组 ,且高血压病患者中ACE (DD +ID) +AGT TT2 3 5基因型频率高于对照组。结论　受检人群中AGT基因各多态频率处于两两连锁不平衡 ,但AGT基因即T2 3 5位点以隐性作用方式与高血压关联 ,T2 3 5等位基因与ACE D等位基因在高血压病发生中具协同作用     

alpha-adducin and angiotensin I-converting enzyme polymorphisms in essential hypertension

This study focused on two genes that have previously been implicated in hypertension and may influence renal sodium handling, adducin, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). We compared their polymorphic frequencies and interaction in patients with essential hypertension (n=128) and individually age- and gender-matched normotensive control subjects. The alpha-adducin G460W polymorphism was genotyped by DNA amplification and restriction digestion. The ACE I/D polymorphism was assayed by a triple-primer method, with a "nested" polymerase chain reaction primer situated completely within the insertion sequence of the I: allele. The distributions of genotypes and alleles for the two polymorphisms were not significantly different between the case and control populations, and the cross-classification of cases by alpha-adducin and ACE genotype gave a distribution similar to that of control subjects. We have previously reported that the distributions of genotypes for two linked polymorphisms in the aldosterone synthase gene (one in the steroidogenic factor-1 [SF-1] binding site and the other an intronic conversion [IC]) were significantly different between this cohort of essential hypertensives and matched control subjects. The cross-classification of cases by alpha-adducin and SF-1, alpha-adducin and IC, ACE and SF-1, and ACE and IC genotype gave a distribution similar to that of control subjects. Hence, no evidence was found to suggest an association between either the alpha-adducin G460W or the ACE I/D polymorphism and hypertension in a careful case-control study. Furthermore, the alpha-adducin G460W, ACE I/D, and aldosterone synthase SF-1 and IC polymorphisms do not appear to interact in our hypertensive population.