Synergy of enediyne antibiotic lidamycin and temozolomide in suppressing glioma growth with potentiated apoptosis induction

The present work evaluated the synergistic efficacy of an enediyne antibiotic lidamycin (LDM) plus temozolomide (TMZ) against glioma in vitro and in vivo. LDM plus TMZ inhibited the proliferations of rat glioma C6 cells and human glioma U87 cells more efficiently than the single usage of LDM or TMZ. In addition, LDM also potentiated the apoptosis inductions by TMZ in rat C6 cells and human U87 cells. Meanwhile, the results of TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling assay for subcutaneous U87 tumor sections indicated an enhanced apoptosis induction in vivo by LDM plus TMZ, which confirmed the high potency of the combination for glioma therapy. As determined by Western blot, apoptosis signal pathways in C6 cells and U87 cells were markedly affected by the synergistic alteration of P53, bax, procaspase 3, and bcd-2 expression. In both subcutaneous U87 xenograft and C6 intracerebral orthotopic implant model, TMZ-induced glioma growth suppression was dramatically potentiated by LDM. As shown, the combination therapy efficiently reduced the tumor volumes and tumor weights of the human glioma U87 xenograft. Kaplan–Meier assay revealed that LDM plus TMZ dramatically prolonged the life span of C6 intracerebral tumor-bearing rats with decreased tumor size. This study indicates that the combination of LDM with TMZ might be a promising strategy for glioma therapy.     

尼妥珠单抗联合放疗加同期替莫唑胺治疗高分级胶质瘤的初步研究

背景与目的：尼妥珠单抗（nimotuzumab）是抗人表皮生长因子受体（epithelial growth factor receptor,EGFR）人源化单克隆抗体,能够抑制肿瘤细胞增殖并增加放化疗敏感性。本研究运用前瞻性方法对尼妥珠单抗联合放疗加同期替莫唑胺（temozolomide,TMZ）治疗高分级的脑胶质瘤（high-grade glioma,HGG）患者的不良反应和近期疗效进行初步观察。方法：2008年7月—2009年6月期间共17例HGG患者入组,均采用TMZ同期放化疗加TMZ辅助化疗,其中12例新诊断为HGG的患者放疗总剂量为60Gy/30次,3例复发HGG患者为50Gy/25次,2例脑干复发HGG患者为40Gy/20次;放疗期间每天口服TMZ50mg/m2,放疗结束后4周循环口服TMZ;放疗期间每周静脉滴注尼妥珠单抗注射液。记录治疗反应,计算6个月无疾病进展生存率和总生存率。结果：本组病例急性不良反应多为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,没有Ⅲ级以上不良反应,有1例因发生Ⅱ级湿疹性皮炎,从而中断尼妥珠单抗治疗。16例作近期疗效评价,其中PR4例,SD10例,PD2例。6个月无进展生存率和总生存率分别为72.1%和86.3%。其中3例发生肿瘤假性进展。结论：本研究初步显示尼妥珠单抗联合放疗加同期替莫唑胺治疗HGG不良反应较小,患者可以耐受,近期疗效较好,远期疗效尚需进一步观察。     

沉默长链非编码RNA HULC增加脑胶质瘤对替莫唑胺的敏感性

目的:研究HULC在脑胶质瘤中的表达,探讨HULC对脑胶质瘤对替莫唑胺敏感性的影响.方法:Real-time PCR检测HULC基因在脑胶质瘤组织中的表达.构建HULC基因表达沉默载体sh-HULC并转染U251细胞,Real-time PCR检测转染效果.MTT法检测HULC基因表达沉默对于U251细胞的增殖能力及对替莫唑胺敏感性的影响.结果:HULC基因在脑胶质瘤表达显著上调,HULC的高表达与脑胶质瘤的低分化及高分期相关.HULC基因的表达沉默载体能够显著沉默HULC基因的表达.HULC表达沉默的U251细胞的增殖活力下调明显,对替莫唑胺的敏感性明显增加.结论:长链非编码RNA HULC在脑胶质瘤中高表达,沉默其表达能够抑制脑胶质瘤细胞的增殖活力并提高脑胶质瘤细胞对替莫唑胺敏感性.     

Quality of life in low-grade glioma patients receiving temozolomide

The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of life (QOL) of low-grade glioma (LGG) patients at baseline prior to chemotherapy and through 12 cycles of temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Patients with histologically confirmed LGG with only prior surgery were given TMZ for 12 cycles. QOL assessments by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Brain (FACT-Br) were obtained at baseline prior to chemotherapy and at 2-month intervals while receiving TMZ. Patients with LGG at baseline prior to chemotherapy had higher reported social well-being scores (mean difference = 5.0; p < 0.01) but had lower reported emotional well-being scores (mean difference = 2.2; p < 0.01) compared to a normal population. Compared to patients with left hemisphere tumors, patients with right hemisphere tumors reported higher physical well-being scores (p = 0.01): 44% could not drive, 26% did not feel independent, and 26% were afraid of having a seizure. Difficulty with work was noted in 24%. Mean change scores at each chemotherapy cycle compared to baseline for all QOL subscales showed either no significant change or were significantly positive (p < 0.01). Patients with LGG on TMZ at baseline prior to chemotherapy reported QOL comparable to a normal population with the exception of social and emotional well-being, and those with right hemisphere tumors reported higher physical well-being scores compared to those with left hemisphere tumors. While remaining on therapy, LGG patients were able to maintain their QOL in all realms. LGG patients' QOL may be further improved by addressing their emotional well-being and their loss of independence in terms of driving or working.     

A pilot study using carboplatin,vincristine, and temozolomide in children with progressive/symptomatic low-grade glioma: a Children's Oncology Group study

Background

This study was initiated to test the feasibility and toxicity of a regimen that alternates the administration of weekly carboplatin and vincristine with temozolomide in the management of children with progressive and/or symptomatic low-grade glioma.

Methods

Eligible children received a 10-week induction regimen followed by six 10-week cycles of maintenance chemotherapy. Feasibility was evaluated with short-term and long-term endpoints. Short-term feasibility was evaluated by the ability to complete induction and 1 maintenance cycle in 24 weeks without >25% reduction in either carboplatin or temozolomide. Long-term feasibility was evaluated by the ability to administer induction and 4 maintenance cycles within 60 weeks without >25% reduction in either carboplatin or temozolomide. Efficacy was assessed by response to initial chemotherapy and 5-year event-free survival. Initial pathology was reviewed centrally.

Results

Sixty-six patients were enrolled on the study. It was feasible to deliver the regimen, and toxicity was acceptable. The only significant toxicities were hematologic. Both the short-term and long-term feasibility endpoints were met. The short-term feasibility success rate was 87% (95% CI: 77%–96%) and the long-term feasibility success rate was 79% (95% CI: 68%–90%). The 5-year event-free survival was 46% (95% CI: 33%–58%) and the 5-year survival was 87% (95% CI: 75%–93%).

Conclusion

It was feasible to deliver the combination of weekly carboplatin and vincristine alternating with temozolomide to children with progressive/symptomatic low-grade glioma with acceptable toxicities. This combination appears to be effective in delaying progression. Further trials are needed to establish the relative efficacy of this regimen compared with other regimens in use.     

Phase II trial of continuous low-dose temozolomide for patients with recurrent malignant glioma

Background

In this phase II trial, we investigated the efficacy of a metronomic temozolomide schedule in the treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas (MGs).

Methods

Eligible patients received daily temozolomide (50 mg/m²) continuously until progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival rate at 6 months in the glioblastoma cohort (N = 37). In an exploratory analysis, 10 additional recurrent grade III MG patients were enrolled. Correlative studies included evaluation of 76 frequent mutations in glioblastoma (iPLEX assay, Sequenom) aiming at establishing the frequency of potentially “drugable” mutations in patients entering recurrent MG clinical trials.

Results

Among glioblastoma patients, median age was 56 y; median Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) was 80; 62% of patients had been treated for ≥2 recurrences, including 49% of patients having failed bevacizumab. Treatment was well tolerated; clinical benefit (complete response + partial response + stable disease) was seen in 10 (36%) patients. Progression-free survival rate at 6 months was 19% and median overall survival was 7 months. Patients with previous bevacizumab exposure survived significantly less than bevacizumab-naive patients (median overall survival: 4.3 mo vs 13 mo; hazard ratio = 3.2; P = .001), but those patients had lower KPS (P = .04) and higher number of recurrences (P < .0001). Mutations were found in 13 of the 38 MGs tested, including mutations of EGFR (N = 10), IDH1 (N = 5), and ERBB2 (N = 1).

Conclusions

In spite of a heavily pretreated population, including nearly half of patients having failed bevacizumab, the primary endpoint was met, suggesting that this regimen deserves further investigation. Results in bevacizumab-naive patients seemed particularly favorable, while results in bevacizumab-failing patients highlight the need to develop further treatment strategies for advanced MG.

Clinical trials.gov identifier

{"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT00498927","term_id":"NCT00498927"}}NCT00498927 (available at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/{"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT00498927","term_id":"NCT00498927"}}NCT00498927)     

Cilengitide modulates attachment and viability of human glioma cells,but not sensitivity to irradiation or temozolomide in vitro

Cilengitide is a cyclic peptide antagonist of integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 that is currently being evaluated as a novel therapeutic agent for recurrent and newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Its mode of action is thought to be mainly antiangiogenic but may include direct effects on tumor cells, notably on attachment, migration, invasion, and viability. In this study we found that, at clinically relevant concentrations, cilengitide (1–100 μM) induces detachment in some but not all glioma cell lines, while the effect on cell viability is modest. Detachment induced by cilengitide could not be predicted by the level of expression of the cilengitide target molecules, αvβ3 and αvβ5, at the cell surface. Glioma cell death induced by cilengitide was associated with the generation of caspase activity, but caspase activity was not required for cell death since ectopic expression of cytokine response modifier (crm)-A or coexposure to the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk was not protective. Moreover, forced expression of the antiapoptotic protein marker Bcl-X_L or altering the p53 status did not modulate cilengitide-induced cell death. No consistent effects of cilengitide on glioma cell migration or invasiveness were observed in vitro. Preliminary clinical results indicate a preferential benefit from cilengitide added to temozolomide-based radiochemotherapy in patients with O⁶-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter methylation. Accordingly, we also examined whether the MGMT status determines glioma cell responses to cilengitide alone or in combination with temozolomide. Neither ectopic expression of MGMT in MGMT-negative cells nor silencing the MGMT gene in MGMT-positive cells altered glioma cell responses to cilengitide alone or to cilengitide in combination with temozolomide. These data suggest that the beneficial clinical effects derived from cilengitide in vivo may arise from altered perfusion, which promotes temozolomide delivery to glioma cells.     

A rapid and systematic review of the effectiveness of temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma

A rapid and systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of temozolomide in the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma was commissioned by the NHS HTA Programme on behalf of NICE. The full report has been published elsewhere. This paper summarizes the results for the effectiveness of temozolomide in people with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. The review was conducted using standard systematic review methodology involving a systematic literature search, quality assessment of included studies with systematic data extraction and data synthesis. One randomized controlled trial and four uncontrolled studies were identified for inclusion. The key results were that temozolomide may increase progression-free survival but has no significant impact on overall length of survival. The main effect from temozolomide may have been in those patients who had not received any prior chemotherapy regimens, however further randomized controlled trials are required to confirm this suggestion. Temozolomide appears to produce few serious adverse effects and may also have a positive impact on health-related quality of life. Overall the evidence-base is weak and few strong conclusions can be drawn regarding the effectiveness of temozolomide. Large, well-designed randomized controlled trails conducted in a wider patient population are needed.     

Phase II study of primary temozolomide chemotherapy in patients with WHO grade II gliomas.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of temozolomide in patients with World Health Organisation (WHO) grade II gliomas treated with surgery alone using imaging and clinical criteria. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with histologically verified WHO grade II gliomas (17 astrocytoma, 11 oligodendroglioma, two mixed oligoastrocytoma) following surgery 2-104 months (median 23 months) after initial diagnosis received temozolomide 200 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days, on a 28-day cycle, for a maximum of 12 cycles or until tumour progression. Median age was 40 years (range 25-68 years). Median follow-up from entry into the study was 3 years [range 23-47 months (for patients alive)]. Objective response was assessed by 3-monthly magnetic resonance imaging and monthly health-related quality of life (HQoL) and clinical assessment. Tumour size was measured as the high signal intensity area on fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequences. Responses were assessed using change in the product of two perpendicular diameters as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), minimal response (MR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). RESULTS: Twenty-nine of 30 patients entered into the study were evaluable for response. Three patients had a PR, 14 MR, 11 SD and one PD. Twenty-four patients received 12 cycles of chemotherapy. Of 29 evaluable patients, three discontinued after four, five and six cycles and two after 10 cycles. Nine patients progressed (three during chemotherapy-one PD and two initial SD-and six after completion of chemotherapy); five had evidence of transformation. The 3-year progression-free survival was 66%. Five patients died; the actuarial 3-year survival was 82%. Ninety-six per cent of patients with impaired HQoL had improvement in at least one HQoL domain. There was improvement in 115 of the 207 domains (56%). Fifteen of 28 patients (54%) with epilepsy had reduction in seizure frequency, of whom six became seizure free. Six patients had transient grade III/IV haematological toxicity (11 episodes; 3.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Temozolomide has single-agent activity in patients with WHO grade II cerebral glioma, with modest improvement in quality of life and improvement in epilepsy control. On present evidence, temozolomide cannot be considered as primary therapy without formal comparison with other treatment modalities.     

YB-1 dependent virotherapy in combination with temozolomide as a multimodal therapy approach to eradicate malignant glioma

The human Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is known to be a promising target for cancer therapy. We have demonstrated that YB-1 plays an important role in the adenoviral life cycle by regulating the adenoviral E2-gene expression. Thus, we studied the oncolytic effect of the recombinant adenovirus Ad-Delo3-RGD, in which the transactivation domain CR3 of the E1A protein is ablated to enable viral replication only in YB-1 positive cancer cells. In vitro Southern Blot analysis and cytopathic effect assays demonstrate high anti-glioma potency, which was significantly increased in combination with temozolomide (TMZ), daunorubicin and cisplatin. Since vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to promote the hypervascular phenotype of primary, malignant brain tumors, we also tested Ad-Delo3-RGD in regard to the inhibition of VEGF expression. Indeed, we found that Ad-Delo3-RGD induced VEGF down regulation, which was even amplified under hypoxic conditions. Tumor-bearing nudemice treated with the YB-1 dependent oncolytic adenovirus showed significantly smaller tumors than untreated controls. Furthermore, combination therapy with TMZ led to a regression in all treated animals with complete tumor regression in 33 % of analyzed mice, which was verified by bioluminescence imaging and histological studies. In addition, histopathological evaluation revealed enhanced apoptosis and a reduction in tumor vessel formation, indicating that Ad-Delo3-RGD has an anti-angiogenic effect in addition to its oncolytic capacity in vivo. Hence, our results demonstrate that the combination therapy of YB-1 dependent virotherapy and TMZ is effective in a xenograft glioma mouse model and might be useful in a YB-1 based clinical setting.     

鸦胆子油乳联合阿帕替尼及替莫唑胺治疗复发性恶性脑胶质瘤

目的 探讨鸦胆子油乳联合阿帕替尼及替莫唑胺治疗复发性恶性脑胶质瘤患者的临床疗效、免疫功能影响及不良反应.方法 选取2016年6月至2018年12月期间郑州大学第一附属医院复发性恶性脑胶质瘤患者52例,随机分为2组,A组26例应用阿帕替尼及替莫唑胺治疗,B组26例应用鸦胆子油乳联合阿帕替尼及替莫唑胺治疗,比较2组临床疗效...     

Monitoring temozolomide treatment of low-grade glioma with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Assessment of low-grade glioma treatment response remains as much of a challenge as the treatment itself. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) and imaging were incorporated into a study of patients receiving temozolomide therapy for low-grade glioma in order to evaluate and monitor tumour metabolite and volume changes during treatment. Patients (n=12) received oral temozolomide (200 mg m(-2) day(-1)) over 5 days on a 28-day cycle for 12 cycles. Response assessment included baseline and three-monthly magnetic resonance imaging studies (pretreatment, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months) assessing the tumour size. Short (TE (echo time)=20 ms) and long (TE=135 ms) echo time single voxel spectroscopy was performed in parallel to determine metabolite profiles. The mean tumour volume change at the end of treatment was -33% (s.d.=20). The dominant metabolite in long echo time spectra was choline. At 12 months, a significant reduction in the mean choline signal was observed compared with the pretreatment (P=0.035) and 3-month scan (P=0.021). The reduction in the tumour choline/water signal paralleled tumour volume change and may reflect the therapeutic effect of temozolomide.     

Metformin and temozolomide act synergistically to inhibit growth of glioma cells and glioma stem cells in vitro and in vivo

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor in adults. In spite of advances in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis of patients with GBM has remained dismal. The fast recurrence and multi-drug resistance are some of the key challenges in combating brain tumors. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) which are considered the source of relapse and chemoresistance, the need for more effective therapeutic options is overwhelming. In our present work, we found that combined treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) and metformin (MET) synergistically inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in both glioma cells and GSCs. Combination of TMZ and MET significantly reduced the secondary gliosphere formation and expansion of GSCs. We first demonstrated that MET effectively inhibited the AKT activation induced by TMZ, and a combination of both drugs led to enhanced reduction of mTOR, 4EBP1 and S6K phosphorylation. In addition, the combination of the two drugs was accompanied with a powerful AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, while this pathway is not determinant. Xenografts performed in nude mice demonstrate in vivo demonstrated that combined treatment significantly reduced tumor growth rates and prolonged median survival of tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, TMZ in combination with MET synergistically inhibits the GSCs proliferation through downregulation of AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. The combined treatment of two drugs inhibits GSCs self-renewal capability and partly eliminates GSCs in vitro and in vivo. This combined treatment could be a promising option for patients with advanced GBM.     

Antitumor effect of fibrin glue containing temozolomide against malignant glioma

Temozolomide (TMZ), used to treat glioblastoma and malignant glioma, induces autophagy, apoptosis and senescence in cancer cells. We investigated fibrin glue (FG) as a drug delivery system for the local administration of high‐concentration TMZ aimed at preventing glioma recurrence. Our high‐power liquid chromatography studies indicated that FG containing TMZ (TMZ‐FG) manifested a sustained drug release potential. We prepared a subcutaneous tumor model by injecting groups of mice with three malignant glioma cell lines and examined the antitumor effect of TMZ‐FG. We estimated the tumor volume and performed immunostaining and immunoblotting using antibodies to Ki‐67, cleaved caspase 3, LC3 and p16. When FG sheets containing TMZ (TMZ‐FGS) were inserted beneath the tumors, their growth was significantly suppressed. In mice treated with peroral TMZ plus TMZ‐FGS the tumors tended to be smaller than in mice whose tumors were treated with TMZ‐FGS or peroral TMZ alone. The TMZ‐FGS induced autophagy, apoptosis and senescence in subcutaneous glioma tumor cells. To assess the safety of TMZ‐FG for normal brain, we placed it directly on the brain of living mice and stained tissue sections obtained in the acute and chronic phase immunohistochemically. In both phases, TMZ‐FG failed to severely damage normal brain tissue. TMZ‐FG may represent a safe new drug delivery system with sustained drug release potential to treat malignant glioma.     

Phase II trial of temozolomide in children with recurrent high-grade glioma

SummaryPurpose The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of Temozolomide (TMZ) administered for 5 consecutive days in three daily dosing in children with recurrent or refractory high-grade glioma.Patients and methods Twenty-four patients with a median age of 10.5 years were enrolled onto this open-label, multicenter, phase II study. The patients were previously treated with surgical resection (17 of 24), radiotherapy (19 of 24) and chemotherapy (18 of 24). Therapy was administered orally three times a day for 5 consecutive days at the dose of 200 mg/m²/d×5 for chemotherapy naive patients. In patients heavily pretreated with chemotherapy the starting dose was of 150 mg/m²/d×5.Results A total of 95 cycles were administered. The median progression free-survival (PFS) was 3 months for the entire group while disease stabilization was obtained in 7 patients (29.1%), all with supratentorial tumors. No CR or PR was observed. TMZ treatment showed a limited toxicity. Thrombocytopenia was the most common hematological adverse effect.Our data suggest a marginal activity of TMZ in children with recurrent high-grade glioma.     

Temozolomide rechallenge in recurrent malignant glioma by using a continuous temozolomide schedule: the "rescue" approach

BACKGROUND.

Despite advances in first‐line therapy, there are few data on treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at recurrence. Temozolomide (TMZ) is well tolerated and may have activity despite prior TMZ exposure if novel dose schedules are used.

METHODS.

The authors reviewed their experience with a continuous TMZ schedule (50 mg/m² daily), given at progression after conventional 5‐day TMZ. Patients were reported in 3 groups: 1) GBM after progression on conventional TMZ; 2) GBM at first recurrence after completion of standard concomitant and adjuvant TMZ; and 3) patients with other anaplastic gliomas at second relapse on conventional TMZ.

RESULTS.

In Group 1, 21 patients with a median age of 54 years (range, 33 years‐68 years) received a median of 3 cycles (range, 2‐12 cycles) of continuous TMZ at 50 mg/m². Overall clinical benefit (complete response, partial response, and stable disease) was 47%, with 6‐month progression‐free survival (PFS) of 17%. In Group 2, 14 patients with GBM, median age 52 years (range, 38 years‐62 years) received continuous TMZ at progression after initial TMZ/radiotherapy (RT) and adjuvant TMZ. The median interval after adjuvant TMZ was 3 months (range, 2 months‐10 months). A median of 5 cycles of TMZ was given, and 6‐month PFS was 57%. In Group 3, 14 patients with a median age of 49 years (range, 34 years‐56 years) received continuous TMZ; 2 partial responses and 6 with stable disease were seen, with a 6‐month PFS of 42%. Toxicities were mild and well tolerated; lymphopenia was common but no serious opportunistic infections were identified.

CONCLUSIONS.

Although retrospective, our results demonstrate that continuous daily administration of TMZ is an active regimen despite prior TMZ therapy. The excellent tolerability of this regimen may allow future combination with other alkylating agents or with novel therapies. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.     

替莫唑胺不同服药方案治疗脑胶质瘤术后复发的疗效观察

目的:观察替莫唑胺不同服药方案法治疗脑胶质瘤术后复发患者的疗效及安全性。方法:选择住院治疗的57例脑胶质瘤术后复发的患者作为研究对象,其中标准组31例患者采用替莫唑胺剂量为150~200 mg/(m2·d）,一日一次,连用5天,每28天为一个周期;对照组26例患者应用替莫唑胺剂量为75~100 mg/(m2·d）,一日一次,连用21天,每28天为一个周期,2个周期后评估两组之间的近期疗效及不良反应,并随访两组患者的无进展生存期（PFS）及总生存期（OS）。结果:标准组患者治疗2个周期后影像学检查结果表明,肿瘤完全缓解3例(9.67％),部分缓解11例(35.48％),稳定12例(38.70％),进展5例(16.13％),疾病控制率为83.87％;而对照组患者分别为2例(7.69％)、9例(34.62％)、11例(42.31％)、4例(15.38％)及疾病控制率为84.62％,两组完全缓解率和疾病控制率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。入组患者随访结果表明,标准组31例PFS为2～14个月,中位PFS为8个月,OS为4～21个月,中位OS为13个月;对照组26例患者PFS为3～12个月,中位PFS为7个月,OS为5～19个月,中位OS为12个月。两组PFS及OS比较差无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。不良反应为胃肠道反应、骨髓抑制及肝肾功损害为主,但两组之间比较骨髓抑制有差异。结论:替莫唑胺不同服药方案治疗脑胶质瘤术后复发的患者均可以取得较好的疗效,两种方案对患者的远期生存影响无明显差异,其不良反应可耐受。     

立体定向放射治疗联合替莫唑胺治疗复发性脑胶质瘤的疗效

目的:探究立体定向放射治疗联合替莫唑胺治疗复发性脑胶质瘤的临床疗效。方法:纳入2013年01月至2016年03月我院肿瘤科收治的43例复发性脑胶质瘤患者临床资料,所有入组患者均符合脑胶质瘤诊断标准,复发后经磁共振成像（MRI）影像学检查均诊断为原发肿瘤体积增大或出现新发肿瘤病灶;根据随机法将所有入组患者进行分组,对照组20例,行单纯立体定向放射治疗(SRT);观察组23例,行SRT＋替莫唑胺治疗(TMZ)。将所得数据录入SPSS 17.0统计软件进行分析,观察对比两组患者近期临床疗效、生活质量改善情况及治疗后出现不良反应的发生率,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析两组患者2年内累积生存情况,观察组间差异是否具有统计学意义。α=0.05为检验标准。结果:观察组患者近期临床疗效整体优于对照组,有效率及局部控制率均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组患者治疗后生活质量改善情况高于对照组（95.65％ vs 80.00％）。观察组患者的中位生存期为12个月（95%CI:7.802~12.963）,对照组患者的中位生存期为9个月（95%CI:5.019~9.689）,两组中位生存期组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组患者治疗后不良反应的总发生率无显著差异（40.00％ vs 43.48％,P＞0.05）。结论:立体定向放射治疗联合替莫唑胺治疗复发性脑胶质瘤疗效显著、安全,对提高患者生存率有积极影响。