Functional evaluation of the modified Elmslie–Trillat procedure for patello-femoral dysfunction

A series of 28 knees in 27 patients were evaluated at an average of 36 months following surgical treatment for patella dislocation, patello-femoral pain, or a combination of both. All cases were treated by the modified Elmslie–Trillat procedure, which involves a lateral retinacular release and medialisation of the tibial tubercle on a distal pedicle. The evaluation included subjective, objective (Fulkerson and Kujala functional knee scores) and radiographic assessments. Subjectively, eight knees (28%) had excellent results, nine knees (33%) good results and seven knees (25%) fair results, accounting for an overall improvement of 86% over the preoperative status. All the knees in patients with a primary symptom of patella dislocation had an excellent or good subjective result, whilst only four knees (40%) in those patients with a primary symptom of pain and four knees (44%) in those with both pain and dislocation had a good or excellent result. The mean objective knee score was excellent for patients with dislocation only, and fair for those with only pain or both pain and dislocation. There have been no further episodes of dislocation in all patients. Six knees (21%) required later screw removal. The modified Elmslie–Trillat procedure produces a favourable outcome in patients with patella dislocation.     

后稳定或半限制性骨水泥型膝关节假体治疗僵硬膝：治疗前后关节活动功能的改变

背景：重度僵硬膝行膝关节置换的疗效还存在一定争议。 目的：探讨重度僵硬膝关节行人工全膝关节置换的临床效果。 方法：2007-06/2010-05于北京积水潭医院、北京大学第四临床医学院行人工全膝关节置换的僵硬膝患者221例,分为严重受限组(置换前膝关节活动度<65°)63例(99膝),部分受限组(65°≤置换前活动度<90°)158例(230膝),并随机选出同期手术的置换前活动度正常(≥90°)的患者202例(300膝)为对照组。 结果与结论：置换后所有患者的膝关节活动度、美国膝关节协会评分评分及西安大略麦马斯特大学骨性关节炎评分和置换前相比均有明显改善(P < 0.05),置换后严重受限组较置换前增加的活动度和功能要明显高于部分受限组和对照组,且置换后部分受限组较置换前增加的活动度和功能要明显高于对照组,说明重度僵硬膝关节在关节置换后能得到很好的活动度和功能,置换前活动度越差,置换后活动度和功能的改善可能越明显。     

Fixed bearing lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty—Short to midterm survivorship and knee scores for 101 prostheses

BackgroundIsolated unicompartmental knee arthritis is less common laterally than medially. Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) constitutes only 1% of all knee arthroplasty performed. Use of medial UKA is supported by several published series showing good long-term survivorship and patient satisfaction, in large patient cohorts. Results of lateral UKA however have been mixed. We present the short and mid-term survivorship and 5-year clinical outcome of 101 lateral UKAs using a single prosthesis.MethodsOver a 9 year period, 100 patients who satisfied inclusion criteria underwent a lateral fixed-bearing unicompartmental arthroplasty. American Knee Society (AKSS), Oxford Knee (OKS) and modified Western Ontario McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were completed preoperatively and at 1, 2 and 5 years postoperatively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to determine the 2-year and 5-year survivorship, using revision for any cause as end point.ResultsSurvivorship was 98.7% and 95.5% at 2 and 5 years respectively. 1 knee was revised for subsidence of the tibial component and 1 knee for progression of medial compartment osteoarthritis. Of a possible 35 knees in situ at 5 year follow-up, 33 knees were fully scored. Median AKSS, OKS and modified WOMAC scores were 182, 41, and 16 respectively.ConclusionsThe mid-term survivorship and outcome scores at 5-years suggest that lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty provides a valuable alternative to total joint replacement in selected patients with isolated lateral tibio-femoral arthritis at mid-term follow-up.Level II evidence.     

Symmetrical vs asymmetrical total knee replacement--a medium term comparative analysis

Modifications of established implants can result in deleterious effects, as with the Capitol and the matt coated Exeter hips. In 1991 the Kinemax plus modification of the Kinematic knee was introduced in Bristol, the design changes having been made to reduce patello-femoral complications. We carried out a comparative analysis of the prospective recorded data on a consecutive series of 182 total knee replacements (95 Kinematic and 87 Kinemax plus knees) performed between 1991 and 1993. The same instrumentation and surgical technique was used. Since the design had introduced a broader trochlear, offset patella and had changed from an asymmetrical to a symmetrical femoral component, particular attention was paid to tracking and range of movement. All patients were reviewed at 5 years using the Bristol knee score and radiographs. There was no difference in the overall score (both prosthesis scoring 85-86) but the Kinemax plus group with a symmetrical trochlear had a significantly greater improvement in the range of movement (14 degrees as opposed to 4 degrees; P<0.05). In addition, secondary intervention for mal-tracking was significantly less in the Kinemax group. No deleterious effect of the changed geometry was observed. It is concluded that the introduction of a symmetrical femoral component with an offset patella reduced patello-femoral complications without detectable disadvantages.     

人工全膝关节置换修复晚期膝关节病变的短期随访

背景：在最近的数十年,人工全膝关节置换被广泛地应用于晚期膝关节病变,如骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎和创伤性骨关节炎等疾病的治疗。全膝关节置换过程中的截骨方法、软组织平衡以及假体旋转定位一直是争论和探讨的问题。 目的：探讨晚期膝关节病变行全膝关节置换的修复效果。 方法：采用人工全膝关节置换修复31例(31膝)晚期膝关节病变,其中骨关节炎26例26膝,类风湿关节炎5例5膝。所有病例均伴有不同程度屈曲挛缩畸形,最大屈曲畸形角度均小于25°。分别对患者在置换前和置换后进行膝关节美国特种外科医院评分,所有31膝均使用固定平台后稳定型人工全膝关节假体。 结果与结论：置换后无早期感染,无假体脱位并发症发生。置换后关节疼痛症状明显缓解、屈曲和内翻畸形均得到明显改善。置换后X射线片显示假体位置良好,下肢力线良好。所有患者均获随访,随访时间6-12个月。膝关节美国特种外科医院评分置换前为(46.4±5.3)分,置换后6个月为(84.6±10.5)分,优良率为84%。提示人工全膝关节置换修复晚期膝关节病变效果确切,但操作较复杂,技术要求精确。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程     

Clinical outcomes of two-stage total knee arthroplasty using articulating cement spacer in patients with infected arthritic knee: A comparison with arthroscopic surgery

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the functional outcomes and recurrence rate of infection between patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery and two-stage total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for infected arthritic knees.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 52 patients (52 knees) with advanced knee joint arthritis who underwent arthroscopic surgery or two-stage TKA using articulating cement spacer (ACS) for knee joint infection between January 2009 and November 2013. Of the 52 patients (52 knees), 38 and 14 patients underwent arthroscopic surgery (AS group) and two-stage TKA using ACS (ACS-TKA group), respectively. Patient-reported outcomes (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and EuroQol-Visual Analog Scales (EQ-VAS)); range of motion; and recurrence rate of infection were evaluated.ResultsRecurrence of infection was observed in 7/38 patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery, all of whom received two-stage TKA using ACS. Regarding the functional outcomes of the ACS-TKA group obtained before conversion to TKA and those of the AS group obtained six months after arthroscopic surgery, the former group had better outcomes for KOOS pain, KOOS activities of daily living, KOOS quality of life, and EQ-VAS. Regarding the functional outcomes of the ACS-TKA group obtained during the last follow-up and after conversion to TKA and those of the AS group who underwent TKA after arthroscopic surgery, no significant between-group differences were observed. The infection recurrence rate was higher in the AS than in the ACS-TKA group.ConclusionsConsidering infection control and functional outcomes, two-stage TKA using ACS can be an effective alternative treatment for patients with infected arthritic knees.     

双膝骨性关节炎患者未行二期膝关节置换的影响因素

背景：双膝骨性关节炎患者,做单侧置换后,很大一部分患者未作二次对侧置换,有很多影响因素。 目的：双膝骨性关节炎患者一期选择性单侧全膝关节置换后未行二期对侧膝关节置换的影响因素分析。 方法：纳入初次一期单侧全膝关节置换的双膝骨性关节炎患者28例28膝,假体均采用施乐辉公司普通型,所有患者一期单侧全膝关节置换后1年内未行二期对侧膝关节置换。记录置换前后HSS评分、膝关节活动范围;同时对28例患者未行二期膝关节置换影响因素进行问卷调查。 结果与结论：2例失访,2例在外院行对侧膝关节置换,最终随访24例24膝,平均随访12.6个月(12-19个月)。膝关节活动范围与HSS评分置换后与置换前比较均显著增加,差异有显著性意义(P =0.007,P =0.409)。问卷调查分析影响患者选择二期手术因素,单因素随访结果围手术期疼痛是主因占到95%以上;多因素随访结果：围手术期的疼痛占95.8%,心理因素占87.5%,医院的软件条件占70.8%,3项原因平均占总因素的84.7%。说明24例24膝未行二期膝关节置换影响因素中置换后围手术期的疼痛、患者的心理因素及医院的软件条件占据主导地位。     

全膝关节置换治疗类风湿性膝关节炎的早期急性并发症

文题释义：全膝关节置换：是通过手术将人工关节假体置入患者膝关节部位,以替代原有的病损关节,达到缓解疼痛、恢复下肢力线及改善患者生活质量的目的,对治疗类风湿性膝关节炎、膝关节退行性病变等膝关节疾病具有显著疗效。 类风湿性关节炎：是一种病因未明的慢性、以炎性滑膜炎为主的系统性疾病。其特征是手、足小关节的多关节、对称性、侵袭性关节炎症,经常伴有关节外器官受累及血清类风湿因子阳性,可以导致关节畸形及功能丧失。晚期累及膝关节的类风湿性关节炎可行全膝关节置换术可显著改善患者生活质量。 背景：类风湿性关节炎患者行全膝关节置换的数量不断增加,但是目前尚无研究报道类风湿性关节炎患者行全膝关节置换后早期并发症的发生情况及相关危险因素。 目的：探讨类风湿性关节炎患者行初次全膝关节置换后早期急性并发症的发生情况及危险因素。 方法：回顾性分析2013年9月至2019年5月于青岛大学附属医院因类风湿性关节炎行初次全膝关节置换的300例患者(337膝)的资料,其中男62例,女238例,平均(65.61±8.40)岁。所有患者对治疗方案均知情同意,且得到医院伦理委员会批准。收集并记录患者基本信息、并存疾病、术前检查、手术信息、住院其他信息及随访资料,分析患者并发症发生的相关危险因素,并利用受试者工作特征曲线计算相关资料对类风湿性关节炎患者术后30 d内并发症的预测价值。 结果与结论：①共9例患者在术后30 d内出现急性并发症,发生率为3.33%;②多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,并发症组患者手术时间、年龄、病程和术前合并脑血管疾病是类风湿性关节炎患者全膝关节置换后30 d内并发症发生的独立危险因素;③并发症组患者手术时间大于无并发症组(OR=1.023,95%CI：1.001-1.045,P=0.037),年龄大于无并发症组(OR=1.163,95%CI：1.025-1.319,P=0.019),病程大于无并发症组(OR=1.110,95%CI：1.031-1.195,P=0.006),术前合并脑血管疾病比例大于无并发症组(OR=31.736,95%CI：4.053-248.517,P=0.001);④受试者工作特征曲线表明,年龄、病程及手术时间预测类风湿性关节炎患者全膝关节置换后30 d内并发症的曲线下面积分别为0.693,0.865,0.685。 ORCID: 0000-0003-2279-2742(沈瑞) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程     

全膝关节置换治疗氟骨症所致的膝关节损害*

背景：地方性氟骨症膝关节损害是一个复杂的慢性全身性疾病,可造成膝关节骨周,骨质的损害。 目的：观察人工全膝关节置换治疗地方性氟骨症所致的膝关节损害的临床疗效。 方法：纳入2010-03/2011-10依据地方性流行病学、氟斑牙、临床表现及影像学检查确诊由氟骨症所致的膝关节损害患者9例,均行双侧人工全膝关节置换,于置换前及本次随访时根据美国特种外科医院膝关节评分系统进行临床疗效评估。 结果与结论：膝关节置换后,美国特种外科医院膝关节评分结果显示优5例,良3例,可1例。患者治疗后在疼痛、功能以及关节活动度等方面均明显改善。说明人工全膝关节置换是治疗地方性氟骨症所致的膝关节损害的有效方法。 关键词：氟骨症;膝关节损害;膝关节置换;疗效;植入体 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.09.009     

全膝关节置换后双下肢长度及相关功能变化

文题释义： 膝关节置换：一种治疗膝关节终末期病变的手术方式，可明显减轻患者膝关节疼痛，改善膝关节功能，但尚有约20%患者存在术后不满意情况，需进一步研究加以改善。 下肢全长片：完整呈现全部下肢解剖结构的影像记录方法，可用于评估下肢总体力线(髋膝踝角)及下肢功能长度，为膝关节置换提供术前参考及术后功能评价。 背景：膝关节置换后功能不佳的原因有许多，下肢不等长作为其中的一种，对膝关节置换后功能的影响程度尚未被充分研究。 目的：分析全膝关节置换后患者下肢不等长的变化程度、可能影响因素及功能变化。 方法：收集徐州医科大学附属医院骨科自2016年10月至2018年9月行全膝关节置换患者107例(124膝)，男23例，女84例。单侧全膝关节置换90例(90膝)，双侧全膝关节置换17例(34膝)，其中分次双侧全膝关节置换且间隔时间超过6个月的3例(6膝)并入单膝组；因此单膝组共93例(96膝)，双膝组14例(28膝)。患者对治疗及试验方案知情同意，且得到医院伦理委员会批准。分别于术前、术后10 d及术后6个月拍摄患者站立位下肢全长正位片并测量记录下肢长度及髋膝踝角，大体测量膝关节屈曲挛缩角并记录美国特种外科医院膝关节评分。 结果与结论：①全膝关节置换后患者下肢长度随着畸形矫正而增长，术后6个月下肢长度长于术后10 d，术后10 d 时70.2%的患者下肢增长，术后6个月79.0%的患者肢体增长；②术后10 d及术后6个月时，术后屈曲挛缩角矫正量与术后下肢长度变化量呈正相关；③术侧肢体延长程度与术后美国特种外科医院膝关节评分增量呈正相关；④术前与术后下肢不等长发生率接近，术前为45.1%，术后10 d为 55.3%，术后6个月为46.0%；⑤术前及术后6个月下肢不等长受双下肢畸形差值影响，术前的影响因素为双下肢髋膝踝角差值及双下肢屈曲挛缩角差值；术后6个月时影响下肢不等长的因素是双下肢屈曲挛缩角差值；术前及术后6个月时下肢不等长影响双下肢美国特种外科医院膝关节评分差值。 ORCID: 0000-0002-9642-4136(唐金龙) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

Total knee arthroplasty in a patient with nail-patella syndrome (NPS)

Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) or hereditary onycho-osteodyaplasia is a rare genetic condition involving a mutation in the LMX1B gene affecting nails, elbows, knees, and pelvis. Due to the regulatory functions of the gene in many developmental processes through the body, patients with NPS experience wide-ranging musculoskeletal problems including patellar instability, fingernail anomalies, iliac exostoses/horns, and elbow abnormalities. The patellar changes often involve aplasia, hypoplasia, and chronic dislocation. Due to these musculoskeletal involvement, arthritis of joints can occur in patients with NPS causing severe pain and disability. This is a case report of a patient with NPS who underwent a total knee arthroplasty for symptomatic knee arthritis.     

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: an intermediate report of survivorship after the introduction of a new system with analysis of failures

We describe the outcome of a series of 66 consecutive porous coated low contact stress (LCS) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) cases performed in 52 patients for osteoarthritis (OA) by a single surgeon. Both survival, using the endpoint of revision for any cause, and knee function, using the Oxford knee score (OKS) as a validated outcome measure, were established in a retrospective review. At an average postoperative follow-up period of 5.9 years (range 5.1-6.6), there were 8 knees in patients who had died and 58 knees in those who were still living. We established the status of all knees, and prosthesis survival at 5 years was 89.7% (95% confidence interval, 81.6% to 97.7%). Technical errors were responsible for four of six failures and included progression of lateral compartment OA due to overcorrection, a medial tibial stress fracture due to poor pin placement, and a case where cement was required and poor cementing technique lead to early tibial component loosening. In the remaining 52 knees, the average preoperative OKS had improved significantly (p<0.0001) from 37.0 (range, 17-49) to a postoperative score of 20.5 (range, 13-32). We conclude that the functional results following UKA compare favourably to total knee arthropasty (TKA); however, the survivorship of this series does not match that of published reports of TKA. The introduction of a new system of UKA includes the risk of early failures due to surgeon error, even when a surgeon is competent in UKA, warranting careful surveillance during this period.     

High early revision rate with the FPV patello-femoral unicompartmental arthroplasty

BackgroundUnicompartmental patellofemoral arthroplasties are uncommon however numbers are increasing and there are a variety of new prostheses available. The Femoro-Patella Vialla (FPV, Wright Medical) device was the second most commonly used patellofemoral unicompartmental prosthesis in the 2012 British National Joint Register. There are however no published outcomes data for this device.Method52 consecutive cases were studied prospectively using Oxford Knee Score and American Knee Society Scores pre-operatively and at follow up to a minimum of two years.ResultsOverall Oxford Knee Scores improved from 30 points pre-operatively (36.6%) to 19 points (60%) at one-year. American Knee Society Knee scores improved from 51 points pre-operatively to 81 points at one-year. Function scores improved from 42 points pre-operatively to 70 points at one-year. 13 (25%) patients had an excellent outcome with pain abolished and near normal knee function. 11 (21%) patients gained very little improvement and scored their knees similar or worse to their pre-operative state. There were no infective or thromboembolic complications. Seven cases have been revised to a total knee replacement for on-going pain in six cases and progression of arthritis in the tibio-femoral compartments in one case. The patellar button was found to be very poorly fixed in all cases that were revised.ConclusionEarly results with the FPV prosthesis demonstrate that successful outcomes can be achieved however the results were unpredictable and a significant minority of patients had on-going symptoms that they found unacceptable. The early revision rate was high in this series.     

髌骨成形术对类风湿关节炎全膝关节置换术后髌骨轨迹和膝前痛的影响

分析全膝关节置换术（total knee arthroplastv,TKA）保留髌骨并行髌骨成形术后对膝前区疼痛及髌骨运动轨迹影响的疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。2007年1月~2011年1月,共随访类风湿关节炎保留髌骨全膝关节置换术患者226例383膝,其中男51例,女175例,年龄34~85岁。所有患者膝关节评分采用美国HSS评分系统,髌骨评分采用Feller等评分标准,随访时调查膝前痛,拍摄膝关节正、侧及髌骨90度轴位X射片。髌骨成形术：去除髌骨周围所有骨赘,磨平边缘,修整髌骨至Wiberg分型II型,用电刀切除髌骨周围软组织,试模复位后无拇指试验no thumb test阳性者松解髌骨支持带。结果显示患者术前、术后的HSS评分、髌骨评分、膝前痛评分、髌骨功能评分差异均有显著意义（P〈0.01）。类风湿关节炎保留髌骨的全膝关节置换术,术中对髌骨进行髌骨成形术处理,使髌骨形态恢复至Wiberg分型II型,术后髌骨运动轨迹良好,膝前痛的发生率低,术后疗效可靠。     

全膝关节置换治疗晚期骨性关节炎

目的探讨全膝关节置换（totalknee arthroplasty,TKA）在膝关节骨性关节炎治疗中的疗效,手术要点及注意事项。方法对35例（41膝）晚期骨性关节炎患者行初次人工全膝关节置换术,采用膝前正中纵形切口和内侧髌旁入路,术后进行随访,对比术前术后膝关节功能评分（the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score,HSS）及膝关节活动度（range of motion,ROM）以观察疗效。结果全部病例均得到平均24个月的随访,均未出现感染、下肢静脉血栓等并发症。HSS评分由术前平均（69±7）分提高到术后平均（91±4．6）分。膝关节活动范围由术前平均95°提高到术后平均115°。结论全膝关节置换是治疗晚期膝关节骨性关节炎的最佳治疗手段。选择恰当的病例,良好的假体设计,精确的手术技术,术后积极的康复锻炼是影响术后结果的主要因素。     

Good mid-term outcome of the rotating hinge knee in primary total knee arthroplasty – Results of a single center cohort of 106 knees with a median follow-up of 6.3 years

BackgroundThe prognosis of complex primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with severe deformity and ligament deficiency is not clear. There is a paucity of evidence in the current literature on treatment outcomes of the rotating hinge knee implants in primary TKA. The aim of this study was to determine the mid-term clinical, radiographic, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in patients who had undergone complex primary TKA using single hinged knee replacement.MethodsIn total, 106 complex primary TKAs (101 patients) were performed using the single rotating hinged knee (RHK) implant design at our institution between January 2004 and December 2013. We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected outcome data of these patients, obtaining also information on all possible revision surgeries from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register, and conducted a prospective follow-up study of all living patients.ResultsThe 10-year Kaplan-Meier survival rate of the RHK knees was 91.6% (95% CI 86.0% to 97.2%) with revision for any reason as the endpoint. Overall, eight knees (7.5 %) underwent revision surgery during the follow-up. None of the unrevised RHK knees were radiographically loose. The majority of patients evinced good clinical outcome and quality of life as measured with patient reported outcome measures.ConclusionThe hinge knee replacement which was assessed current study can be regarded as a suitable option in complex primary TKA, provided adequate attention is paid to the correct indications and patient selection.     

Evaluation of patello-femoral joint congruency using three-dimensional computed tomography

Thirteen patients with recurrent dislocation of the patella and 11 normal volunteers were examined in this study. The patello-femoral congruency and patellar tracking were evaluated with three-dimensional computed tomography (3-DCT). Multiple transaxial knee CT images were obtained with the subjects in the supine position, with the quadriceps relaxed. Measurements were obtained at 0, 30 and 60° of knee flexion. The scans were transferred to the SurgiPlan (Teijin System Research and Development Institute) computer system, and the patello-femoral contact area was visualised at 0, 30 and 60° of flexion. Contact areas of the patello-femoral joints in the patients group was clearly located laterally at each angle of flexion, and was much smaller than that in normals. Lateral shift of the contact area and its reduced size was a distinguishing difference between normal and pathological cases. The analysis of the patellar tracking using the method described above has the advantage of visualising the contact area in vivo.     

Mobile bearing UKA compared to fixed bearing TKA: a randomized prospective study

We prospectively evaluated a consecutive series of 56 patients with unicompartmental knee arthritis who underwent unicompartmental knee replacement or total knee arthroplasty and received an average of 52months of follow-up. These patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized clinical trial. There were no significant differences in the pre-operative parameters of both groups. All the patients were followed up and evaluated preoperatively and yearly, the data was collected and statistical analysis was performed. At an average of 52months after surgery the mean Knee Society score was 80.5 (range: 70-100) and 78.9 (range: 70-87) for Unicompartmental knee replacement and total knee arthroplasty, mean range of postoperative motion for TKA is 115(0)±4(0) and 117(0)±7(0) for the group of UKA, with the numbers available, the difference between the two groups could not be shown to be significant. The average operation time of UKA and TKA is 68.8min and 81.5min(p<0.01). Blood drainage after operation had a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.01). Seven cases of UKA were converted to total knee arthroplasty - all of them within the first 2years of starting the procedure and all of them in relatively young patients. From the study we concluded that mobile bearing UKA can obtain similar clinical effect with TKA by surgeons who have the adequate training and experience. After the learning curve UKA should be considered the primary treatment option for unicompartmental knee arthritis.     

膝关节表面置换术治疗重度膝关节骨关节病近期疗效及影响因素分析

目的：探讨人工膝关节表面置换术治疗重度膝关节骨关节病的近期临床疗效及相关影响因素。方法：自2011年1月至2011年11月,采用人工膝关节表面置换术治疗膝关节重度骨关节病18例24膝,其中类风湿关节炎5例、晚期膝关节退变性骨关节炎12例和创伤性骨关节炎1例;18例中,PS型固定平台假体14例,CR型旋转平台假体4例。术后早期行功能锻炼。应用HSS膝关节评分系统进行疗效分析。结果：本组18例24膝术后膝关节疼痛基本消失,关节功能明显改善。术后均获随访6—16个月。术后4个月膝关节HSS评分平均91．9分,其中优14膝、良8膝、可2膝,优良率91．7％。结论：膝关节表面置换是重度膝关节骨关节病患者解除病痛、改善关节功能的有效治疗手段;术中关节周围挛缩软组织能否得到充分松解、胫骨截骨是否恰当,术后功能锻炼是否规范等,均是影响手术疗效的重要因素。     

The consequences of lateral release in total knee replacement: a review of over 1000 knees with follow up between 5 and 11 years

BACKGROUND: The relationship between lateral release in total knee arthroplasty and subsequent patello-femoral problems is contentious. Variable rates of instability, patella fracture and other complications have been demonstrated after lateral release. Significant measures have been taken by some surgeons to avoid a lateral release. We wished to determine whether lateral release was detrimental or beneficial in terms of mid- to long- term patellofemoral problems. METHODS: We examined 1071 total knee arthroplasties with a follow-up of 5 to 11 years to determine the longer-term consequences of lateral release. Lateral release was performed as clinically indicated after a 'no thumbs' assessment in 51% of cases. The knees requiring a lateral release had lower pre-operative Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores and demonstrated a greater improvement in post-operative HSS scores. RESULTS: The difference in HSS scores, between the groups, was significantly less post-operatively than prior to surgery. Overall, we had a high incidence of lateral release (51%), but low fracture rate (1.2%), and very low instability rate (0.6%). Only three surgeries were required for patello-femoral problems. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that any negative consequences of lateral release are minimal and we recommend lateral release continue to be performed as clinically indicated.