Closed humeral shaft fractures treated by elastic intramedullary retrograde nail

25 humeral shaft fractures operated on at our institute with the intramedullary elastic Marchetti-Vicenzi nail were reviewed. Three were pathologic fractures. Patients mean age was 48 ranging from 13 to 95 years. The patients were followed until consolidation and shoulder and elbow function were evaluated with respectively the Constant and the Mayo Clinic score. All the fractures eventually healed with good clinical results. There were no major complications during nail insertion. The M-V nail has been shown to be a practical and reliable device, characterised by both an easy technique and a stable fixation, with a low complication rate and low X-rays exposure times. The choice of an elastic unreamed intramedullary nail, with a retrograde insertion, that allows a solid for proximal fixation by means of a bundle of divergent pins, has proven to be useful and safe for shoulder function.     

改进型逆行旋入钉治疗肱骨骨折

目的根据肱骨的解剖特点及临床应用,改进原有的肱骨逆行旋入式自锁髓内钉(逆行旋入钉),探讨改进型逆行旋入钉对肱骨骨折的临床价值。方法 2006年3月-2010年3月,共收治146例肱骨骨折患者。将患者随机分为2组,每组73例,分别采用原型及改进型逆行旋入钉治疗。原型组:男40例,女33例;平均年龄41岁;骨折类型为横形41例,斜形18例,螺旋形8例,粉碎形6例;受伤至手术时间3 h～2个月,中位时间11 d。手术以闭合方式固定27例,切开复位固定46例。改进型组:男39例,女34例;平均年龄40岁;骨折类型为横形43例,斜形16例,螺旋形10例,粉碎形4例;受伤至手术时间3 h～3个月,中位时间13 d。手术以闭合方式固定31例,切开复位固定42例。两组患者性别、年龄、骨折类型、病程等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),有可比性。术后比较两组骨折愈合情况及患肢功能恢复情况。结果改进型组手术时间和术中出血量均少于原型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。原型组术中出现3例医源性肱骨髁上骨折;改进型组无医源性肱骨髁上骨折发生。两组切口均Ⅰ期愈合,术后未发生感染、内固定物松动和断裂等并发症。两组共116例获12个月以上随访,每组58例。骨折愈合时间:改进型组新鲜骨折(15±3)周,陈旧骨折和骨不连(30±12)周;原型组新鲜骨折(16±4)周,陈旧骨折(35±14)周;两组骨折愈合时间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月患肢功能评价:原型组Neer肩关节评分优65例、良8例,Aitken和Rorabeck肘关节功能评分优61例、良12例,两种评分优良率均为100%;改进型组Neer肩关节评分优67例、良6例,Aitken和Rorabeck肘关节功能评分优63例、良10例,两种评分优良率均为100%。结论改进型逆行旋入钉手术操作简便、并发症少,是一种有效可靠的内固定器。     

Closed interlocking nailing of humeral shaft fractures with the Russell-Taylor nail

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of the Russell-Taylor humeral nail in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective with a mean radiologic and clinical follow-up at thirty-two months. SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Total of thirty-seven patients treated with the Russell-Taylor humeral nail. INTERVENTION: All patients were treated with the Russell-Taylor humeral nail inserted in an antegrade fashion. OUTCOME MEASURES: Radiologic union and shoulder function in terms of pain, power, range of movement, and activities of daily living. RESULTS: There were four established nonunions and four cases of delayed union (time to union > four months). Age of patient was the only predictor of nonunion. There was one infection and one intraoperative fracture. Two prominent proximal screws required removal, and one nail was removed after union because of impingement. Three patients required manipulation under anesthesia to improve shoulder movement. At review, six patients had residual poor shoulder function as per Constant score, four attributable to shoulder stiffness and two to residual pain. CONCLUSION: The authors' findings indicate a significant rate of delayed or nonunion in the elderly patient. When the high rate of union with conservative treatment is considered, the indications and rationale for intramedullary humeral nailing should be clearly defined.     

Hackethal stacked nailing of humeral shaft fractures. Experience with 30 patients

The Hackethal technique of using stacked medullary pins for fixation of humeral shaft fractures is usually associated with relatively little blood loss; in addition, exposure of the fracture site and possible associated muscular trauma are avoided, and the risk of contusion of the radial nerve that may occur in fixation by plate and screws is eliminated. The technique has the additional advantage of accomplishing stable fixation of the fracture, thus allowing early motion of both the shoulder and the elbow. The rate of union in 25 patients with adequate follow-up evaluation was 92%, with a reoperation rate of 14%. This high rate may be decreased further by increased experience. The method proves effective in the stabilization of pathologic fractures.     

Closed retrograde nailing of pathological humeral fractures

We treated 19 patients with 21 pathological humeral fractures secondary to metastatic disease. All patients were stabilized using retrograde Ender's nails. Open reduction was required in one patient and mean operative time was 40 min (range 30-65 min). All patients retained satisfactory elbow and shoulder function while 16 patients reported good pain relief. Functional recovery was rated as good in 15 patients, fair in three, and poor in one. In our experience the retrograde technique using Ender's nails provides secure stabilization with minimal morbidity, minimal blood loss, and short operative time, and is well suited for this category of patients.     

Closed Kuntscher nailing of humeral shaft fractures

Eighteen acute humeral shaft fractures were managed with closed Kuntscher nailing. Six were pathologic fractures. Stability, pain relief, and evidence of early fracture healing were achieved. Twelve fractures were stabilized because of multiple trauma and/or inadequate closed reduction: 11 of these healed within 3 months, and only one delayed union occurred. The most frequent complication was a decreased range of motion in the shoulder, which improved with rehabilitation. Despite reports of high complication rates, we have found that intramedullary fixation of the humerus can be used in selected patients with good results.     

Closed Rush pinning of fractures of the humeral shaft

Twenty-three simple and pathological fractures of the shaft of the humerus were treated by insertion of a Rush pin through the greater tuberosity, without exposing the fracture site. An image intensifier was used during the insertion of the pins. This technique results in few complications with simple fractures, and in pathological fractures relief of pain can be achieved without exposing the fracture site or surrounding soft tissues, which are often diseased.     

Treatment of humeral shaft fractures with antegrade intramedullary locking nail

Antegrade interlocked humeral nailing for stabilization of humeral fractures was introduced many years ago, and studies on this method in the orthopedic literature have shown mixed results. The purpose of this investigation was to document the clinical outcome and complications associated with the use of an antegrade intramedullary nail (T2, Stryker) for the humeral fractures. Between 2005 and 2008, 52 fractures of the humeral shaft were treated operatively with this intramedullary nail in our department. Eight patients were polytraumatized, and four patients had an open fracture. The mean age of patients was 51.7 years. Forty-eight patients had an adequate duration of clinical follow-up (a mean of 18 months) for analysis. Complications were recorded, and the time to union was measured. Shoulder and elbow functions were assessed using the Constant Score and the Morrey Score, respectively. Forty-six fractures healed, with a mean time to clinical union of 10.3 weeks. Two patients developed pseudarthroses. There were four adverse events: two proximal screws backed out, one superficial infection at the insertion point, and one fracture at the distal end of the nail. Ninety-one percentage of patients had an excellent or good shoulder function. Five further operations were necessary: two for treatment of pseudarthroses, two for removal the backed out proximal screws, and one wound debridement for superficial infection. Antegrade humeral nailing is a valid therapeutic option for stabilization of humeral shaft fractures. By strictly adhering to the operation technique, the number and the severity of complications can be reduced. When good fracture alignment and stability are obtained, uneventful bone healing with good functional results is the rule.     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折

我科2001年1月-2002年12月采用带锁髓内钉逆行穿钉的方法治疗肱骨干骨折23例，疗效满意。     

可膨胀髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折研究现状

可膨胀髓内钉是一项微创技术,是骨科内固定技术的最新研究成果,它具有独特的生物力学原理和结构特点,操作简单、损伤小、固定牢靠、取出方便,在治疗肱骨干骨折上有不可替代的应用优势.可膨胀髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的并发症可能有骨皮质劈裂、膨胀不充分、术后肩部疼痛等,且价格昂贵,其应用受到一定的限制.     

股骨旋入钉治疗股骨干骨折21例

目的 探讨采用股骨旋入钉顺行穿钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床效果.方法 对21例股骨干骨折患者采用经股骨转子顶点上方切口顺行穿钉固定.术后患肢量化负重并锻炼.结果 手术时间70～90 min.21例均获随访,时间6～18个月.骨折均获骨性愈合,愈合时间4～6个月.主钉无松动、断钉;患肢关节屈、伸、旋转功能正常.结论 股骨旋入钉顺行穿钉固定治疗股骨干骨折,手术操作简单,固定牢固,对骨折端的血运影响小,是一种新的有效的治疗方法.     

可膨胀髓内钉系统治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折的临床评价

目的 探讨可膨胀髓内钉系统治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折的疗效。方法采用可膨胀髓内钉治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折32例,记录并发症、骨折愈合时间和肩关节功能。结果32例均获随访,时间12～24个月,骨折均愈合,时间12—32周。根据Neer肩关节功能评定标准：优23例,良6例,可3例,优良率90．63％。无感染及神经损伤等并发症,有2例术中发生了骨折线的扩大,3例术后出现肩峰撞击综合征。结论可膨胀髓内钉无需锁钉,而是通过膨胀稳定骨折端,固定牢靠,对骨折端血运影响小,是治疗骨质疏松性肱骨干骨折较理想方法。     

交锁髓内钉与钢板内固定治疗肱骨干中上段骨折的对比观察

2003年2月～2006年3月,我科采用交锁髓内钉和钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折患者56例,对2种方法进行了对比观察,报道如下。 1材料与方法 1．1病例资料本组56例,男33例,女23例,年龄20-64岁。骨折部位：上段27例,中段22例,中上段7例。     

Intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures with a locking flexible nail

BACKGROUND: Studies on intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures in the orthopaedic literature have shown mixed results. The purpose of this investigation was to document the clinical outcome and complications associated with the use of a new flexible, locking intramedullary nail that can be implanted in the humerus in either a retrograde or an antegrade manner without violating the rotator cuff mechanism or damaging the articular surface of the humeral head. METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with fifty-one humeral shaft fractures were entered into our prospective clinical outcome study. The fracture was classified on the basis of the anatomic location and pattern. Implant positioning and fracture alignment were assessed postoperatively. Complications were recorded, and the time to union was measured. Shoulder function was evaluated with use of a combination of the Constant shoulder score, Short Form-36 (SF-36) clinical outcome data, range-of-motion measurements, and a subjective pain-rating scale. RESULTS: Forty-one patients with forty-two fractures had an adequate duration of clinical follow-up (a mean of twenty-two months) for analysis. Thirty-nine fractures healed, with a mean time to clinical union of twelve weeks (range, four to fifty weeks). Thirty-eight of the forty-two shoulders had minimal or no pain. Thirty-six shoulders had a full range of motion. The mean Constant shoulder score was 90 points. Four patients had five complications, which included two nonunions, two hardware failures, and one wound infection. All four patients had been managed with a 7.5-mm nail. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that an age of more than fifty years was associated with a lower Constant score and that the occurrence of a complication was associated with a lower physical component score on the SF-36. CONCLUSIONS: The flexible humeral nail allows both retrograde and antegrade implantation and static locking. Nail insertion can be accomplished without violating the rotator cuff or damaging the articular surface of the humeral head. Although the nail functioned well in most of our patients, the use of a small-diameter (7.5-mm) nail was associated with a higher complication rate. This implant should be used with caution in any patient with a medullary canal diameter of 相似文献   

Russell-Taylor交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折

目的 总结Ｒｕｓｓｅｌｌ－Ｔａｙｌｏｒ交锁髓内钉（ＲＴ钉）治疗肱骨干骨折的效果。方法 用非扩髓的ＲＴ钉治疗１６例肱骨干骨折,其中新鲜骨折１２例,病理骨折３例,骨折不愈合１例。２例新鲜骨折伴有桡神经挫伤。结果 平均随访１４．５个月,１５例骨折愈合,平均愈合时间为１６．５周,２例肩部疼痛。结论 ＲＴ钉可有效治疗肱骨干骨折,尤其适用于病理性骨折、骨折不愈合、多段骨折及粉碎性骨折。     

逆行性可膨胀髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的临床应用

肱骨干骨折是临床常见的一种骨折类型,约占全身骨折的1．31％。肱骨干骨折的保守治疗已取得了满意的疗效,但随着内固定物材料的发展以及手术操作的日益完善,采用手术方法治疗肱骨干骨折已得到广泛认可。尤其对于多发骨折、开放骨折、脊髓损伤（高位截瘫）或臂丛损伤、骨折伴有神经血管损伤、漂浮肘和闭合复位不满意的患者,手术治疗已经成为首选的治疗方法。白2005年9月至2007年10月,     

Expandable nail system for osteoporotic humeral shaft fractures: preliminary results

BACKGROUND: Conventional nails rely on interlocking screws for axial and rotational stability. Such screws have poor fixation in patients with poor bone quality (osteopenia). The Fixion nail does not depend on interlocking screws-axial and rotational stability is instead achieved by nail expansion. Therefore, this nail may be better suited for patients with poor bone quality who require humeral stabilization. METHODS: The system was used to manage 25 unstable humerus shaft fractures in osteoporotic bone. An antegrade approach was used in 18 patients and a retrograde approach was used in 7 patients. RESULTS: There were no intra- or postoperative complications. Postoperatively, all fractures were stable and had healed by week 16. The mean operative time was 35 +/- 10 minutes (+/- SD) including 1.5 +/- 0.5 minutes of fluoroscopy time. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that use of this nailing system is associated with minimal complications, predictable fracture healing, and excellent functional outcomes in a cohort of elderly patients with poor bone quality and humeral shaft fractures requiring stabilization. Further confirmation by larger prospective trials is necessary.