卵巢上皮性肿瘤中Skp2、p27kip1 、E-cad的表达

目的 检测Skp2、p27kip1和E-cad在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达情况及其相互关系.方法 采用免疫组化SP法,检测99例卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中Skp2、p27kip1及E-cad的表达.结果 p27kip1在卵巢良性肿瘤、交界性肿瘤的表达率分别为76.5%、70.6%高于卵巢癌29.2%(P<0.05),在早期癌中的表达高于晚期癌(P<0.05).Skp2在卵巢良性肿瘤、交界性肿瘤的表达率分别为0、23.5%,均低于卵巢癌50.8%(P<0.05),在早期癌的表达低于晚期癌(P<0.05).卵巢癌中Skp2表达与组织分化有关,在低分化癌的阳性表达率高于高分化癌(P<0.05),在组织学类型方面,浆液性癌中skp2的阳性表达率高于非浆液性癌(P<0.05).E-cad在良性肿瘤、交界性肿瘤和卵巢癌表达率分别为88.2%、82.4%、55.4%,恶性组低于良性组(P<0.05).E-cad在早期癌的表达率高于晚期癌(P<0.05).Skp2表达与p27kip1表达呈负相关(P<0.05),E-cad表达与p27kip1表达呈正相关(P<0.05),而E-cad表达与Skp2表达则呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 Skp2过度表达与p27kip1表达减少可能与卵巢上皮性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,而E-cad在晚期卵巢癌中表达降低可能反映了卵巢癌分化程度的降低.     

胃肠道类癌中p27^kipl、PCNA表达及p16基因缺失

目的：探讨p27^kipl、PCNA及p16与胃肠道类癌转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化SABC法检测25例胃肠道类癌组织中p27^kipl和PCNA蛋白表达，同时用PCR法检测p16基因的缺失情况。结果：p27^kipl在胃肠道癌阳性表达率为64％（16／25），PCNA I－Ⅱ级和Ⅲ-Ⅳ级表达率分别为56％、44％。2种蛋白阳性表达率与分化程度无相关性（P＞0．05），与淋巴结转移相关（P＜0．05）。p27^kipl与PCNA表达负相关。p16基因纯合性缺失率为48％（12／25），其缺失率与类癌分化程度和淋巴结转移无关。结论：p27^kipl低表达、PCNA高表达与胃肠道类癌转移有关，胃肠道；类癌的发生与p16基因缺失有关，但可能为早期分子事件。     

VEGF-C在晚期卵巢癌原发灶和转移灶中的表达比较

目的 研究血管内皮生长因子C（VEGV-C）在晚期卵巢癌原发灶和转移灶中的表达并进行比较，探讨其与晚期卵巢癌发生、发展及预后的关系。方法 应用SP免疫组织化学技术检测52例晚期卵巢癌原发灶以及相应的大网膜转移灶中VEGF-C的表达。结果 VEGF-C在52例卵巢上皮癌中原发灶的高表达率为21％（11／52），其中透明细胞癌与黏液性癌相比有显著性差异（X^2=6．97，P〈0．01）；在转移灶的高表达阳性率为35％（18／52），各种组织学类型之间无显著性差异（P〉0．01）。卵巢癌原发灶和转移灶之间VEGF-C表达无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论 VEGF-C在晚期卵巢癌组织中表达增高，原发灶与转移灶之间无明显差异。     

H3K9Ac在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究组蛋白H3赖氨酸残基9位乙酰化（H3KgAc）在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及其与卵巢癌组织学分级、临床分期之间的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学ABC法检测20例良性、16例交界性、40例恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤中H3K9Ac的表达情况，并分析其与临床病理指标间的关系。结果 ①H3K9Ac在良性、交界性、恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达逐渐降低，差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）；②与粘液性囊腺癌相比，H3KgAc在浆液性囊腺癌中表达较低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；③H3KgAc的表达与卵巢上皮性癌的组织分化程度及临床分期有关，在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵巢癌中H3KgAc的表达明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期卵巢癌（P〈0．01）；随着组织分化程度降低，H3KgAc表达也逐渐降低，两两比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 H3KgAc在良性、交界性、恶性卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达差异显著，且随着卵巢上皮性癌恶性程度的增高，表达逐渐降低，H3K9Ac可能为卵巢上皮性肿瘤的良恶性及其预后判断提供一个新的生物学指标。     

Ki-67和CD44v5在卵巢癌中的表达和临床意义

目的 研究ki-67和CD44v5在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法 用免疫组化sp法研究ki-67和CD44v5在40例卵巢癌手术切除标本及10例卵巢上皮良性肿瘤中的表达。结果 40例卵巢癌中，ki-67和CD44v5的阳性表达率分别为77．5％和47．5％，远高于在卵巢上皮良性肿瘤中的表达30．0％和20．0％。且随着肿瘤病理分化程度的降低，ki-67、CD44v5阳性表达率均呈增高趋势；ki-67在卵巢腺癌中的阳性表达率明显高于透明细胞癌、内膜样癌（P〈0．05）；CD44v5的阳性表达率与表达强度伴淋巴转移者显著高于无淋巴转移者（P〈0．01）；两者呈正相关。结论 ki-67和CD44v5在卵巢癌中的表达对卵巢癌的诊断、治疗方式的选择、手术范围的确定、及术后防治复发、化疗药物的应用，具有重要的指导意义。     

BARD1剪切变异体在卵巢癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨卵巢癌肿瘤抗原新基因OCY-142即BARD1的剪切变异体在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法用RT—PCR的方法检测OCY-142在卵巢癌组织和正常卵巢组织中的表达。结果在28例卵巢癌组织中,有10例（35．7％）明显表达OCY-142抗原基因,而30例正常卵巢组织中均没有OCY-142抗原基因的表达,两者之间有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。OCY-142的表达与卵巢癌的病理类型有关,在浆液性乳头状囊腺癌患者中有较高的特异性（P〈0．05）,但OCY-142的表达与卵巢癌的临床分期和组织分化程度没有相关性（P〉0．05）。结论卵巢癌肿瘤抗原基因OCY-142是BARD1基因的1个剪切变异体,其有可能成为卵巢恶性肿瘤免疫治疗的新靶点。OCY-142在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中有较高的表达,其临床意义值得进行更深入的研究。     

前列腺癌组织中Skp2、p27的表达及临床意义

目的 研究前列腺癌(prostate cancer,PCa)组织中细胞S相激酶相关蛋白2(Skp2)、p27蛋白的表达及临床意义.方法 选取2016年1月至2017年1月我院120例PCa住院患者手术标本纳入研究,依据分化程度差异将PCa分为低分化组(n=56)、中分化组(n=28)与高分化组(n=36),并将这120例患者癌旁组织纳入对照组(n=120),以免疫组化法分析Skp2、p27在PCa中表达程度及PCa危险因素等级之间相关性.结果 PCa组Skp2阳性表达率(53.33％)明显高于对照组(23.33％),且p27蛋白阳性表达率(41.67％)明显低于对照组(86.67％);高、中、低分化组Skp2阳性表达率排序为:高＜中＜低,三组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高、中、低分化组p27蛋白阳性表达率排序为:高＞中＞低,三组比较差异具有统计学意义(P ＜0.05);Skp2阴性表达组术前PSA水平＜4μg/L比例(67.86％)与肿瘤穿透前列腺被膜比例(89.29％)明显高于阳性组(28.13％、62.50％)(P＜0.05);p27蛋白阴性表达组术前PSA水平＜4μg/L比例(31.43％)与肿瘤穿透前列腺被膜比例(68.57％)明显低于阳性组(68.00％、92.00％)(P＜0.05);Skp2表达与PCa危险因素等级具有正相关关系(r =0.513,P＜0.05),而p27蛋白表达与PCa危险因素等级具有负相关关系(r=-0.747,P＜0.05).结论 PCa组织中,Skp2为高表达,p27蛋白为低表达,和PCa分化程度存在紧密联系,Skp2与p27蛋白的检测能够为PCa的发生、发展及患者治疗提供帮助.     

Beclin 1、LC3-II及P62蛋白在上皮性卵巢癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨上皮性卵巢癌中Beclin、LC3-Ⅱ及P62蛋白的表达及临床意义。方法选取2011年6月—2013年3月我院手术切除并经病理学检查确诊的上皮性卵巢癌标本50例为实验组,同期手术切除正常卵巢组织20例作为对照,通过免疫组织化学sP法,检测标本中Beclin1、LC3．Ⅱ及P62蛋白的表达情况,并结合临床病理资料进行分析。结果在上皮性卵巢癌组织中,Beclin 1、LC3-Ⅱ蛋白的阳性表达率分别为46．00％（23／50）和42．00％（21／50）,低于正常卵巢组织的95．00％（19／20）和85．00％（17／20）;而P62蛋白的阳性表达率为72．00％（36／50）,高于正常卵巢组织的10．00％（2／20）,差异均具有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。在上皮性卵巢癌组织中,Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ蛋白的表达与FIGO分期、病理分级具有相关性（P〈0．05）,而P62蛋白的表达与FIGO分期具有相关性（P〈0．05）。Beclinl蛋白和LC3-Ⅱ蛋白在上皮性卵巢癌组织中的表达呈正相关（P〈0．01）,P62蛋白的表达与Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ蛋白均呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论在上皮性卵巢癌组织中,Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ和P62蛋白的异常表达,可导致自噬体形成减少和自噬功能减弱;可能与卵巢癌的发生、发展和预后不良有关。     

食管鳞癌catenin、E-cadherin和cyclinD1的表达及意义

目的：研究食管鳞状细胞癌中细胞周期素D1（cyclinD1)、钙粘附蛋白（E－cadherin,E-cad)、连接蛋白（cat)α，β，γ的表达及临床病理学意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测62例食管癌手术标本的cyclinD1、E-cad、α-cat、β-cat、γ-cat蛋白表达，并结合临床随访资料进行分析。结果：cyclinD1、E-cad、α-cat、β-cat、γ-cat阳性病例分别为35例（56．5％）、39例（62．9％）、49例（79％）、59例（95．2％）和47例（75．8％）。其中α-cat与β-cat、E-cad蛋白表达呈正相关性，其相关系数分别为0．274和0．279（P＜0．05）。γ-cat蛋白缺失表达与淋巴结转移有显著相关性（P＜0．05）；E-cat、γ-cat蛋白缺失与保留表达和肿瘤分化程度、术后生存期长期，在统计学上有差异（P＜0．05）。结论：E-cat、γ-cat缺失表达是食管癌预后差的因素之一。     

PTEN蛋白和FHIT蛋白在上皮性卵巢癌中的表达及临床病理意义

目的检测抑癌基因蛋白PTEN、FHIT表达在卵巢癌发展中的作用及相关病理机制。方法采用免疫组化法检测45例卵巢癌组织、10例卵巢交界性肿瘤、10例卵巢良性肿瘤、5例正常卵巢组织中PTEN和FHIT蛋白表达，并比较这两种蛋白表达与临床病理特征的关系。结果卵巢癌和交界性卵巢肿瘤组织中PTEN蛋白和FHIT蛋白表达显著低于卵巢囊肿和正常卵巢（P〈0．05），在上皮性卵巢癌中这两种蛋白表达与组织分化程度正相关（P〈0．05），它们表达降低或失活与卵巢癌淋巴结转移相关（P〈0．005），但与组织学类型无显著相关性。PTEN蛋白表达与恶性肿瘤临床分期负相关．FHIT蛋白表达与临床分期无显著相关性。这两种蛋白在上皮性卵巢癌中表达的相关性有统计学意义（P=0．0343）。结论在卵巢癌发生过程中PTEN蛋白表达降低起到重要作用，预示着卵巢癌的不良预后；FHIT蛋白缺失是恶性上皮性卵巢肿瘤的特征，其表达缺失在卵巢肿瘤的发生发展中起一定作用，可能与上皮性卵巢癌的恶性进展及转移有关．这两种蛋白可能协同促进卵巢癌的发生、发展、浸润及转移。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.