胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床和内镜下表现

背量：原发性胃B细胞淋巴瘤发生于黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)，与幽门螺杆菌(H．pylori)感染密切相关。内镜检查是早期诊断胃MALT淋巴瘤的重要方法。目的：探讨胃MALT淋巴瘤的临床和内镜下表现。方法：分析总结经术后病理检查证实为胃MALT淋巴瘤的20例患者的临床、内镜和病理资料。20例患者中，男10例，女10例，男女比例为1：1，平均发病年龄为55．6岁(21～78岁)。结果：20例患者的临床表现均无特异性，上腹疼痛最为常见，其次是饥饿痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、黑便等。内镜下表现：病变发生于胃窦部5例，胃体部5例，胃角部1例，贲门部1例，多部位8例：形态表现多样，其中溃疡型10例，弥漫浸润型3例，结节型5例，结节溃疡型2例；内镜活检确诊率较低，仅为5％。20例患者中有12例检测了H.pylori，阳性率为83．3％(10／12)。手术标本免疫组化染色结果均为B细胞恶性淋巴瘤。结论：胃MALT淋巴瘤的临床表现无特异性，内镜下表现多样，病变范围较大。H．pylori感染率高可能与胃MALT淋巴瘤的发病有关。     

幽门螺杆菌感染与胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤

1983年幽门螺杆菌首次被Warren及Marshall发现并开始对其进行研究。同年,黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的概念也首次被Isaacson和Wright提出,用于描述胃原发性低密度B细胞淋巴瘤和小肠免疫增生性疾病,于2001年新WHO分类将其单列为一个独立类型,命名为MALT型结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(MALT淋巴瘤),是结外最常见     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床病理特征及其预后

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤是原发胃淋巴瘤的一种特殊类型,其发生率日趋增长,国外文献报道约占胃原发恶性肿瘤的5%.2000年WHO新分类将MALT淋巴瘤命名为黏膜相关淋巴组织型结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤.现将本院1994年1月至2004年6月间经病理诊断为胃MALT淋巴瘤的36例患者的临床、病理和随访资料总结如下.     

胃粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床及病理特征分析

目的探讨胃粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤临床和病理组织学特征。方法总结分析解放军总医院1988—01／2000—04经病理确诊的21例胃MALT淋巴瘤临床及组织病理资料。结果2l例胃MALT淋巴瘤，平均确诊时间为19个月，平均年龄51．8岁，50--70岁为发病高峰，男女比例1．6：l。病人临床表现无特异性，最常见的表现是腹痛。病变累及胃窦7例、胃体6例、多部位3例。胃镜表现弥漫型5例、溃疡型8例、结节型3例。病理活检确诊率75％。临床分期为IE期10例。ⅡE期8例，ⅢE期2例，ⅣE期1例，有B症状3例。手术18例，单用手术10例，术后有5例合用化疗，3例合用放疗，3例单用化疗。随访16例，失访5例，随访率76．2％。生存期39～156个月，平均69个月，中位数55个月。结论胃MALT淋巴瘤是原发于胃NHL的一种独特亚型，具有起病隐匿、病程长、进展缓慢、发病率低、好发于中老年男性、治疗疗效和预后良好等特点，临床表现无特异性。胃镜下具有病变范围广、病灶多发等特点，内镜取活检时多取或深取可以提高内镜诊断准确率。幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与胃MALT淋巴瘤的发生有关。     

35例原发性恶性胃淋巴瘤临床特点分析

原发性恶性胃淋巴瘤（PMGL）临床表现缺乏特异性，内镜和上消化道钡餐检查确诊率低。目的：了解PMGL的临床特点，以期早期诊断，早期治疗，改善预后。方法：回顾性分析上海仁济医院2000年9月～2006年2月收治的PMGL病例的病史资料。结果：共35例PMGL患者人选。主要消化道症状为上腹痛，伴全身症状者较少。内镜下溃疡型、弥漫浸润型和结节肿块型病变分别占67．7％、22．6％和9．7％，病变主要位于胃窦和胃体。内镜活检病理检查确诊率为54．5％。35例PMGL术后病理诊断均为B细胞性非霍奇金淋巴瘤，其中黏膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤5例，弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）26例，DLBCL合并MALT淋巴瘤（DLBCML）4例。患者预后与肿瘤病理类型、临床分期和血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平有关（P〈0．05）。术后3年生存率为81．8％。结论：PMGL患者局部表现严重而全身状况良好。内镜下病变大、范围广且多部位侵犯。多点取材或“挖洞式”活检可提高内镜诊断率。治疗方案的选择应根据肿瘤病理类型、临床分期和是否存在幽门螺杆菌感染而定。     

胃黏膜淋巴瘤研究进展

1 概述 1983年英国学者Isaacson和Wright首先提出黏膜相关淋巴组织（Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue，MALT）淋巴瘤这一概念，1994年的Real分类将其正式纳入淋巴瘤分类。MALT淋巴瘤的组织病理学定义为发生于黏膜和腺体等组织，具有边缘区B细胞分化和表型的低度恶性的结外B细胞淋巴瘤，约占非霍奇金淋巴瘤的5％-10％，可发生于胃肠道、肺、胸腺、乳腺、腮腺、泪腺、结膜等多处解剖部位，其中胃是最常见、研究得最透彻的，它代表了MALT淋巴瘤的特征。     

胃粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的内镜和病理特点

目的 探讨胃粘膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤的内镜和病理特点,以提高其在内镜下的确诊率。方法 回顾性结合部分前瞻性分析28例患者。结果 胃MALT淋巴瘤多见于40－60岁患者,确诊病程的中位数为8．5月。临床症状无特异性,抗酸剂治疗无效,25％可引起上消化道出血。Hp感染率为78．6％,10．7％患者的CA125可升高,17．9％患者的ESR升高。高度恶性者可发生浸润或转移。肿瘤多位于胃体下段和／或胃窦部,占96．4％,75％表现为单个或多人浅表性溃疡,质地偏硬,但大部分患者的粘膜尚可稍提起,少见的病变有稍隆起性、糜烂和坏死性病变。胃镜下形态诊断的误诊率为89．3％。胃镜下常规活检组织病理检查,恶性疾病漏诊率为57．1％,而胃MALT淋巴国漏诊率为82．1％,术后病理检查确诊率达100％。深而大的活检和免疫组织化学检查有助于确诊。B细胞淋巴瘤占88．9％,T细胞淋巴瘤占11．1％。结论 胃MALT淋巴瘤是一类独特的原发性胃淋巴瘤,具有一定的病理和内镜特点。     

原发性胃淋巴瘤凋亡抑制蛋白2-黏膜相关淋巴瘤转位基因1融合基因检测的意义

目的 研究原发性胃淋巴瘤(PGL)内镜活检组织中凋亡抑制蛋白2-黏膜相关淋巴瘤转位基因1（API2-MALT1）融合基因检测的可行性,探讨该融合基因在PGL的表达及其在PGL诊断、治疗等方面的临床价值。方法对32例疑诊为PGL者进行超声内镜检查和黏膜活检,活检标本分别进行组织病理、免疫组织化学检查和用荧光定量RT-PCR测定API2-MALT1融合基因。总结、分析诊断明确的PGL中API2-MALT1融合基因的表达以及该融合基因与PGL诊断、分型和治疗等方面的关系。结果32例疑诊PGL者中14例经病理检查和免疫组织化学检查确诊为PGL,其中胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤11例,胃弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)3例。API2-MALT1融合基因检测阳性5例,均为胃MALT淋巴瘤,约占胃MALT淋巴瘤(5/11)的45％。3例DLBCL患者API2-MALT1融合基因检测均阴性。API2-MALT1融合基因阴性组病变浸润深度和淋巴结浸润状况较阳性组严重。5例API2-MALT1融合基因阳性者中幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性2例,9例阴性者中Hp阳性5例。API2-MALT1融合基因阳性组5例行抗Hp治疗皆无效,但化学治疗有效;阴性组中5例Hp阳性者完全缓解2例,4例Hp阴性者抗Hp治疗无效。结论 API2-MALT1融合基因是胃MALT淋巴瘤的常见遗传学异常。内镜定位活检标本通过荧光定量PCR法检测该融合基因在临床上是可行的,该融合基因的检测对PGL诊断、治疗和预后评估均有一定的价值。     

消化道原发性淋巴瘤36例临床病理分析

目的 探讨原发性消化道淋巴瘤的临床病理特点、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法对36例病理诊断为消化道原发性淋巴瘤。的病例临床资料、免疫组化进行回顾性分析研究。结果发生在胃部20例（56％），肠道13例（36％），阑尾3例（8％）。溃疡型13例（36%），浸润型15例（42％），结节型8例（22％）。36例中黏膜相关淋巴瘤（MALT）26例（72％），弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）8例（22％），肠型T细胞淋巴瘤2例（6％）。结论消化道淋巴瘤临床缺乏特异性，内镜活检易漏诊或误诊为癌。明确组织学分型有助于选择治疗方案，发生在消化道MALT淋巴瘤病变局限，不累及淋巴结或其它组织器官，术后辅以化疗或放疗预后较好、多数可以长期存活。     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤35例临床特点分析

目的 汇总分析胃黏膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤临床、胃镜、病理特征.方法 回顾性分析经胃镜活检及手术后病理证实胃MALT淋巴瘤35例患者的临床资料.结果 35例患者临床表现及内镜下表现并无特异性,幽门螺杆茵（Hp）感染率达89.1％ （31/35）,胃镜下病灶好发于胃窦、胃体,但首次胃镜下活检阳性率较低,仅占48.6％（17/35）.结论 胃MALT淋巴瘤临床表现无特异性,胃镜下表现多样,提高临床和胃镜医师对本病的认识以及提高胃镜下活检阳性率及活检标本加做免疫组织化学染色是诊断胃MALT淋巴瘤的关键.     

Cavitary pulmonary involvement of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma transformed from extra nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma MALT type

We describe a case of pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which was thought to arise from extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). A 68-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of cough and bloody sputum. The chest X-ray and computed tomography revealed a mass with cavitation in the right lower lobe. Transbronchial biopsy specimens revealed a granulomatous infiltration without malignant cells. However, diagnosis of MALT lymphoma was established from gastric biopsy specimen. Subsequently, a right lower lobectomy was performed because of hemoptysis. Examination of the resected specimen revealed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which was considered to have transformed from MALT lymphoma, because both lung and stomach lesions had the chromosomal translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21) in common. In addition, there were no nodules, masses, alveolar or interstitial infiltrates in the lung fields, which are usually observed in the case of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of bronchial mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. These findings indicate that involvement of DLBCL have to be considered in patients with MALT lymphoma and cavitary lesion of the lung.     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤39例临床分析

背景:胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤是一种相对少见的胃恶性肿瘤,具有特殊的病因学、组织病理学和临床生物学行为特点。目的:提高对胃MALT淋巴瘤诊治的认识。方法:回顾性分析39例胃MALT淋巴瘤患者的临床、内镜、组织病理学表现以及治疗方案和随访结果。结果:本组胃MALT淋巴瘤患者临床表现缺乏特异性,多有上腹痛;内镜下可见病变主要位于胃窦和胃体部,以溃疡型最为多见:18例患者的免疫组化标记结果显示多数为LCA~+ CD20~+ CD79α~+ CD3~- CD43~- CD45RO~-,16例为B细胞来源,2例为T细胞来源。经根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)、手术、化疗以及手术联合化疗等方案治疗,随访发现多数患者预后良好。结论:内镜检查可早期发现胃MALT淋巴瘤,可通过活检标本组织病理学检查和免疫组化标记确诊。根除H.pylori、手术、化疗等治疗方案可获得较好的临床疗效。     

Clinical study of 31 patients with primary gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present paper was to investigate the clinical, endoscopic and histological features of 31 patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma to enable correct, early stage diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective study was undertaken of 31 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. The cases were examined immunohistologically with anti-CD(20CY) and CD(45RO) antibodies for further diagnosis. Helicobacter pylori infection was also detected with modified Giemsa staining. RESULTS: Patients with MALT lymphoma were aged between 22 and 73 years (mean, 45.0 years), and the male:female ratio was 11:20. The patients presented with non-specific symptoms, but chronic epigastric pain was the common symptom in a large proportion of the cases. The gastric smaller curvature was involved in 83.9% of cases (26/31) and in 13/31 cases (41.9%) it was confined the antrum. Under endoscopy, large and deep ulcers were similar to cancers in the majority of patients. Only 29.0% of patients were diagnosed by endoscopy on first examination. CD(20CY) were expressed in all cases and CD(45RO) expressed in only one case among 10 cases of indefinite diagnosis. Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 87.1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that primary gastric MALT lymphoma has unique clinical, endoscopic and histological features. The diagnosis for primary gastric MALT lymphoma was delayed not only due to the non-specific symptoms but also due to lack of attention to its features. Endoscopy and submucosal multiple biopsy were the principal diagnostic tools in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. CD(20CY) and CD(45RO) immunological staining are recommended, especially for patients with indefinite diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma.     

不同部位原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤的临床特点

目的 研究不同部位原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤(PGIL)的临床特点,以提高对该疾病的诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析武汉地区8家医院1999年1月至2007年6月经病理确诊的PGIL患者,共有202例资料完整的病例用于最后统计,按部位分为胃、小肠、大肠淋巴瘤三组,并比较三组间的临床特点.结果 PGIL发生于胃113例(56.0%)、小肠37例(18.3%)、大肠52例(25.7%);男130例(64.4%),女72例(35.6%),均以男性发病率为高.胃淋巴瘤组比小肠淋巴瘤组的病程长(3个月比1个月,P=0.013).三组PGIL均以腹痛、贫血发生率最高,其中伴有贫血症状者大多为轻度(57.9%).PGIL临床分期均以Ⅰ E期、ⅡE期为主,占71.3%;与胃淋巴瘤组比较,大肠淋巴瘤组的临床分期相对较重(P=0.014);PGIL主要病理类型为黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤、弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤、T细胞淋巴瘤.胃淋巴瘤组以低度恶性MALT淋巴瘤多见(56.9%),而小肠淋巴瘤组以T细胞淋巴瘤多见(34.4%),大肠淋巴瘤组以高恶性B细胞淋巴瘤多见(51.1%).PGIL病灶类型以隆起肿块型、溃疡型为主,但与胃淋巴瘤组相比,大肠淋巴瘤组以隆起肿块型居多而溃疡型少见(P=0.000).胃、小肠、大肠淋巴瘤组经内镜并活检的确诊率分别为58.7%(61/104)、25.0%(4/16)、48.2%(13/27).结论 不同部位PGIL的临床症状、病理分型,临床分期、病灶类型,内镜检出率各有特点,这些差异有助于临床医师对PGIL的认识及诊断.     

原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤33例临床分析

目的探讨原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤的早期诊断及治疗。方法回顾分析1997—2005年33例原发性胃肠道恶性淋巴瘤（PGIML）患者的临床资料。结果内镜及活检确诊率为44．4％。免疫分型以B细胞为主（90．9％）。全组患者有30例经手术治疗，2例仅行Hp根除术，1例确诊后放弃治疗。术后：单纯手术者21例，2年及以上生存者19例（90．5％）；手术加化疗者9例，2年及以上生存者6例（66．7％）。在11例胃黏膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤中有2例胃MALT淋巴瘤行抗Hp治疗，肿瘤消退或缩小；9例行手术切除，术后未复发。结论PGIML早期诊断较困难，可采取多种诊断手段综合诊断，手术治疗作用尚未肯定，还需进一步随访观察。     

Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma)

Opinion statement The preferred terminology for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the stomach (variously referred to as MALT lymphoma, MALToma, low-grade MALToma, or pseudolymphoma) is marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL). MZBL, the hallmark of which is the lymphoepithelial lesion, develops as a consequence of Helicobacter pylori infection in susceptible individuals. In general, MZBL is slow growing, can remain localized for years, and has an excellent prognosis. Staging involves endoscopy with biopsy, computed tomography scanning, and endoscopic ultrasound. In patients with limited disease, eradication of H. pylori leads to remission. In patients who fail eradication therapy or have more extensive disease, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation alone and in various combinations have been used successfully.     

原发性胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤29例临床分析

目的：分析胃黏膜相关淋巴组织（MALT）淋巴瘤临床、胃镜、病理特征,提高早期检出率。方法：回顾性分析经胃镜活检及手术后病理证实胃MALT淋巴瘤29例患者的临床资料。结果：29例患者临床表现多样,以上腹痛多见,幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染率高达93%,胃镜下病灶好发于胃窦、胃体,但胃镜下活检阳性率较低,仅占48%。结论：胃MALT淋巴瘤临床表现无特异性,胃镜下表现多样,提高临床和胃镜医师对本病的认识以及提高胃镜下活检阳性率活检标本加做免疫组织化学染色是早期诊断胃MALT淋巴瘤的关键。     

Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

Gastrointestinal lymphoma is the most common type of extranodal lymphoma,and most commonly affects the stomach.Marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT)and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are the most common histologic types of gastric lymphoma.Despite its increasing incidence,diagnosis of gastric lymphoma is difficult at an earlier stage due to its nonspecific symptoms and endoscopic findings,and,thus,a high index of suspicion,and multiple,deep,repeated biopsies at abnormally and normally appearing sites in the stomach are needed.In addition,testing for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and endoscopic ultrasonography to determine the depth of tumor invasion and involvement of regional lymph nodes is essential for predicting response to H.pylori eradication and for assessment of disease progression.In addition,H.pylori infection and MALT lymphoma development are associated,and complete regression of low-grade MALT lymphomas after H.pylori eradication has been demonstrated.Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy can be used in cases that show poor response to H.pylori eradication,negativity for H.pylori infection,or high-grade lymphoma.