血脂水平与牙周炎的相关性研究

目的通过血脂水平和牙周情况的检查,探讨血脂水平与牙周炎之间的相关性。方法2007年9月～2008年9月对参加体检的2990人进行随机整群抽样,检测空腹静脉血中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的含量,并进行牙周检查。牙周状况采用社区牙周指数及牙周综合分值评价,并将年龄分层进行分析;数据采用多重线性回归分析进行统计学处理。结果总体人群总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白与牙周炎程度无相关关系（P〉0．05）;年龄分层后,老年组和中青年组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白与牙周炎程度也无相关关系（P〉0．05）。结论血脂水平与牙周炎炎症程度无明显的相关性。     

南通市545名公务员血糖水平与牙周炎的相关性分析

目的对南通市545名公务员的血糖水平及牙周状况进行调查,以探讨两者的相关性。方法随机抽取2013年01月—2014年01月来院体检的南通市公务员545名,将研究对象以60岁为界分为中青年组与老年组。使用全自动生化仪测量受检者的空腹血糖水平并用Florida探针检查其牙周指数。采用SPSS16.0软件包对数据进行χ²检验及Logistic 多因素回归分析。结果血糖水平与牙周炎具有相关性。在整个人群的多因素回归分析中,吸烟、年龄、血糖和学历与牙周炎显著相关（P<0.05）。中青年组受检者的吸烟和受教育程度低与牙周炎显著相关。在老年组,血糖水平超过7.0mmol/L和吸烟是牙周炎的危险因素。结论血糖偏高为该人群牙周炎患病的危险因素,对牙周炎患病的影响主要在60 岁以上。     

老年糖尿病患者牙周炎症程度与糖脂代谢生化指标的相关性分析

目的：分析糖尿病伴牙周炎的老年患者牙周炎症程度与糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱之间的相关性。方法：151例糖尿病伴牙周炎患者,根据牙周炎症程度分为轻度和中重度牙周炎组,采用Logistic二元回归进行多因素分析患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量与牙周炎症程度的相关性。结果：血液中高含量的空腹血糖 OR=3.344（1.015-11.024）、糖化血红蛋白 OR=2.948（1.049-8.288）、甘油三酯OR=2.829（1.074-7.453）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇OR=1.656（1.017-2.696）是构成老年糖尿病伴牙周炎患者病变加重的危险因素。结论：老年人糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱与牙周炎炎症程度有明显相关性。     

武汉市公务员血脂水平与牙周炎相关性的调查研究

目的:对武汉市国家公务员的牙周状况、血脂水平进行横断面调查,探讨血脂水平与牙周炎之间的相关性。方法:2004年11~12月,对武汉市国家公务员进行随机整群抽样,检查牙周状况、血脂水平(包括:血清总胆固醇水平、血清甘油三酯)。其中符合纳入标准458人,中青年年龄段(30~59岁)288人,老年年龄段(60岁以上)170人。通过χ2检验、Logistic多因素回归分析对数据进行分析。结果:中青年人中总胆固醇(OR=2.377,95%C I:1.253~4.509)、甘油三酯(OR=2.066,95%C I:1.051~4.060)为牙周炎患病的危险因素,老年人中总胆固醇(OR=3.059,95%C I:1.164~8.039)为牙周炎的危险因素;整个人群中总胆固醇(OR=3.075,95%C I:1.788~5.287)为牙周炎患病的危险因素。结论:总胆固醇、甘油三酯可能为牙周炎患病的危险因素。其中总胆固醇对中青年、老年人群牙周炎的患病均会产生影响,而甘油三酯对牙周炎患病的影响主要在中青年阶段。     

中、重度牙周炎与冠心病患者C反应蛋白及血脂水平的比较

目的 研究汉族人群中、重度牙周炎与冠心病的相关性并初步探讨C反应蛋白在二者相关性中的可能作用.方法 检测和分析40名健康者(健康组)、40例中、重度牙周炎患者(牙周炎组)、28例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)患者(冠心病组)及47例同时患冠心病及中、重度牙周炎的患者(冠心病+牙周炎组)血清C反应蛋白水平、血脂水平(血清低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇和甘油三酯)和牙周临床指数(附着丧失、探诊深度和探诊出血).结果 单因素方差分析结果显示,健康组、牙周炎组、冠心病组及牙周炎+冠心病组的血清C反应蛋白水平分别为(1.30±0.15)、(2.44±0.18)、(5.99±0.82)和(6.88±0.71)mg/L,各组血清C反应蛋白水平间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),且经协方差分析校正年龄、受教育状况、血压和体重指数后显示,各组血清C反应蛋白水平间的差异仍具有统计学意义(P<0.001).多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,中、重度牙周炎患者发生冠心病的可能性高于牙周健康者,其发生冠心病的相对风险率比值比为2.417(P=0.039;95%CI:1.126～6.659).经协方差分析校正年龄、受教育状况、血压和体重指数后,各组血清总胆固醇水平间差异仍具有统计学意义(P=0.017).结论 严重的牙周感染可能通过改变血清C反应蛋自水平继而影响全身炎症反应和冠心病的发生及发展,可能是冠心病事件的危险因素之一.     

牙周炎与冠心病相关因素分析

目的:分析牙周炎与冠心病患者的相关指标,探讨牙周炎与冠心病的内在联系。方法:选取冠心病伴重度牙周炎患者41例(P组),不伴有牙周炎的冠心病患者35例(C组)为研究对象,对两组患者进行牙周检查,并抽取空腹静脉血进行相关临床血清学检查,比较两组之间的差异。结果:P组与C组的年龄、性别、高血压史、体重指数、吸烟史等方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组间的松动牙数、因牙周病缺失牙数、出血指数、牙石指数、探诊深度的值各有差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组间的空腹血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、白细胞、纤维蛋白原、低密度脂蛋白的值各有差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:牙周炎与冠心病存在相关性,牙周炎可能是冠心病的危险因素。     

体检人群口臭与代谢指标的相关性分析

目的 比较健康体检者口臭程度与代谢指标的相关性。方法 选取体检者2 885例,纳入分析的体检指标有体质量、身高、血压、血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白以及尿酸。由口腔医师检查患者口气情况,比较非口臭者和口臭患者的代谢指标,并对口臭组的口臭程度与代谢指标之间的关系进行深入分析。结果 男性出现口臭的比例较高（P<0.01）;两组代谢指标的比较,体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和尿酸的平均水平口臭组均高于非口臭组,高密度脂蛋白口臭组低于非口臭组;口臭值较高的患者,其代谢指标的平均水平（除高密度脂蛋白低）均高于口臭组中口臭值较轻者。结论 口臭与代谢指标异常之间存在同质关系,两者之间有相关性。     

牙周基础治疗对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢影响的Meta分析

目的:评价牙周基础治疗对2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者糖脂代谢的影响。方法:计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、VIP等数据库,结合手工检索,收集相关随机对照试验。由两名评价者独立评价研究质量和提取数据,对同质研究采用RevMan5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入8个研究,Meta分析结果显示牙周基础治疗可以降低患者的糖化血红蛋白[MD=0.38,95%CI(0.14,0.61)]、空腹血糖[MD=2.53,95%CI(1.98,3.09)]和总胆固醇值[MD=11.78,95%CI(5.01,18.56)]。在降低甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面与对照组相比差异无统计学意义。结论:牙周基础治疗可以有效改善2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者的血糖控制。     

牙周炎与短暂性脑缺血发作的危险因素分析

目的：分析牙周炎与短暂性脑缺血性发作（TIA）的关系及相关危险因素。方法：分析2007～2010年间216例TIA并发牙周炎的患者（病例组）和208例TIA未并发牙周炎的患者（对照组）的临床特点及实验室检查结果。结果：病例组患者的年龄,BMI,甘油三脂,高血压比例,收缩期血压值,糖尿病比例,吸烟人数均比对照组高,高密度脂蛋白较对照组低。病例组患者中,以牙槽骨吸收率评分＜0．5为参照,在患者的年龄,男性人数比例,BMI,总胆固醇,高密度脂蛋白,甘油三脂,高血压,糖尿病和吸烟等因素是脑血管疾病并发牙周炎的危险因素;而以探诊深度0－≤4 mm为参照,上述危险因素并未增加TIA并发牙周炎的发病率。结论：年龄,男性患者,BMI,总胆固醇,高密度脂蛋白,甘油三脂,高血压,糖尿病和吸烟是脑血管疾病并发牙周炎的危险因素。     

宁夏地区回族、汉族牙周炎患者血脂水平的分析

目的：探讨宁夏地区回族、汉族牙周炎与血脂水平的关系及民族间的差异。方法：对50例回民牙周炎患者（A组）、50例回民牙周健康者（AH组）、60例汉民牙周炎患者（B组）及60例汉民牙周健康者（BH组）抽取空腹静脉血检测甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（CHOL）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的含量并进行牙周检查。在校正了性别、年龄、吸烟、体重指数、血糖等影响因素后比较两民族牙周炎患者和牙周健康者之间血脂水平的差异。结果：A组中CHOL（4.55±1.05）mmol/L和LDL-C（2.77±0.69）mmol/L的含量高于AH组中CHOL（3.99±1.05）mmol/L和LDL-C（2.23±0.78）mmol/L的含量（P〈0.05）;B组中CHOL（4.40±1.00）mmol/L和LDL-C（2.87±0.71）mmol/L的含量高于BH组中CHOL（3.80±1.06）mmol/L和LDL-C（2.35±0.93）mmol/L的含量（P〈0.05）;A组和B组,AH组和BH组间各项指标差异无显著性。结论：宁夏地区回族和汉族牙周炎可能影响血脂中CHOL和LDL-C的水平但民族间无差异性。     

Gingival blood glucose estimation with reagent test strips: a method to detect diabetes in a periodontal population

Background: Periodontal disease is considered the sixth complication of diabetes. Therefore, as a foremost responsibility of the periodontist, the present study was carried out to screen an unsuspecting periodontal population for the presence of diabetes with the help of gingival blood glucose and reagent test strips. Methods: A total of 356 patients with no known medical history of diabetes visiting the outpatient Department of Periodontics, at the Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India, were divided into 3 groups: group 1 included patients with a healthy periodontium; group 2, patients with gingivitis; and group 3, patients with periodontitis. Gingival blood, formed by puncturing the interdental papilla of the upper anterior teeth with a lancet, was allowed to fall onto a test reagent strip, where the color change was noted, and corresponding glucose values recorded. Patients with glucose values >120 gm% (per manufacturer provided chart) were sent for glucose tolerance tests to confirm their glycemic status. Patients with abnormal glucose tolerance values were further referred to a physician for the confirmation of diabetes. Results: Diabetes was detected in 19.1% of the survey population, of which 3.9% of patients belonged to group 1, 7.8% of patients belonged to group 2, and 7.3% of patients belonged to group 3. Diabetes was detected in 40.8% of patients with hyperglycemia, of which 8.4% of patients belonged to group 1, 16.8% of patients belonged to group 2, and 15.6% of patients belonged to group 3. A total of 10.11% of the survey population who tested positive for diabetes were females and 8.99% were males. Conclusions: The use of reagent strips for the estimation of gingival blood glucose seemed to be a suitable option for the screening of an unsuspecting periodontal population for the presence of diabetes; however, additional studies in a larger population are needed to confirm their suitability.     

牙周探诊出血检测血糖的可行性研究

目的通过慢性牙周炎患者牙周探诊出血检测血糖发现糖尿病。方法对30例慢性牙周炎患者使用血糖仪测定指尖毛细血管（capillary whole blood glucose，CBG）及牙周探诊出血（periodontal probe blood glucose，PPBG）空腹血糖。结果30例慢性牙周炎患者空腹牙周探诊出血血糖与指尖毛细血管血糖测定值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论血糖仪测定末梢血糖能反映静脉血糖水平。使用血糖仪检测牙周探诊出血血糖能反映患者血糖水平，发现血糖异常及糖尿病。     

口腔颌面部多间隙感染老年患者与中青年患者的临床比较

目的:通过与中青年患者的比较,分析口腔颌面部多间隙感染老年患者的临床特征。方法:对上海第九人民医院口腔颌面外科收治的242例诊断为口腔颌面部多间隙感染的病例进行回顾性分析。所有病例根据年龄分为老年组和中青年组。研究内容包括一般资料、临床指标(全身系统性疾病、病因、症状发作到入院治疗的时间、受累间隙的数量和分布)、实验室检查(细菌学、入院时血糖水平、入院时白细胞总数和中性粒细胞百分比)和治疗结果(切口数量、住院天数和并发症)。采用SAS 8.0软件包对数据进行t检验、Fisher’s确切概率和χ2检验分析。结果:与中青年患者相比,老年患者患有更多的系统性疾病(P=0.0002),住院时程更长(P=0.02),全身各种并发症情况更多见(P=0.04)。结论:通过与中青年患者比较,揭示了口腔颌面部多间隙感染中的老年患者的临床特征,为临床上治疗老年口腔颌面部多间隙感染提供了重要的参考依据。     

The prevalence of root caries in a diabetic population

The objective of this study was to assess the level of root caries in a population of diabetic adults. Diabetics are of special interest because they are alleged to be periodontally compromised and have atypical patterns of refined carbohydrate ingestion. Diabetic subjects were patients of the Joslin Diabetic Center in Boston and had significantly elevated blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels over at least a ten-year period. Eligible subjects had to be between the ages of 45 and 65 and have a minimum of ten teeth and three sites with recession. Data were collected on coronal caries, oral hygiene, gingivitis, pocket depth, recession, and root caries and were compared with data from control subjects from a larger non-diabetic study group. There were 88 diabetics and 185 controls with mean ages of 55.7 and 56.3 years, respectively. The groups were found to be similar with respect to the numbers of buccal surface sites with gingival recession and the numbers of carious root lesions. There was a distinct difference, however, with respect to restored root surfaces: 1.76 mean filled surfaces were observed in the controls, as compared with 0.49 in the diabetics. A Katz Root Caries Index (for which lesions are calculated as a percentage of the numbers of exposed root surfaces) was determined to be 15.2 for the controls and 7.1 for the diabetics. A reasonable inference is that these differences are the result of a restricted ingestion of refined carbohydrates by the diabetic group. This was confirmed by a dietary survey of subsamples from the diabetic and non-diabetic groups.     

2型糖尿病血糖控制水平对种植体稳定性和血液炎症指标的影响

目的 探究2型糖尿病血糖控制水平对种植体稳定性和血液炎症指标的影响。方法 选取2014年7月—2015年7月于我院接受种植牙手术的30例2型糖尿病患者作为实验组,另选取30例同期血糖正常的种植牙患者作为对照组,比较并分析两组的血糖控制水平、种植体稳定性以及血液炎症指标。采用SPSS 18.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 术前2组各炎症指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）,术后24 h实验组各炎症指标水平均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;术后ISQ呈下降后迅速回升并增强的趋势,各组各时间点的ISQ差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;>7.5%组的ISQ最大下降值低于≤7.5%组,且ISQ恢复时间显著长于≤7.5%组。结论 2型糖尿病血糖控制水平与种植体稳定性、血液炎症指标均存在密切关系,良好的血糖控制对患者的创伤愈合和种植体的稳定性具有积极意义。     

The severity of periodontal disease is associated with the development of glucose intolerance in non-diabetics: the Hisayama study

Inflammation is hypothesized to play a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes; however, reports on clinical inflammatory conditions are limited. Studies have suggested that periodontitis affects glucose control in diabetics. This community-based study examined the relationship between periodontitis and glucose tolerance status, including changes in status. The relationship between periodontal condition and the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was examined in 961 adults in 1998. Deep pockets (mean pocket depth > 2.0 mm) were significantly associated with impaired glucose tolerance and with diabetes as compared with shallow pockets (< 1.3 mm). In the subgroup with normal glucose tolerance 10 years previously, subjects who subsequently developed impaired glucose tolerance were significantly more likely to have deep pockets. Deep pockets were closely related to current glucose tolerance status and the development of glucose intolerance.     

Relationship of blood glucose level to community periodontal index of treatment needs and body mass index in a permanent Israeli military population

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to find a possible link between blood glucose levels and periodontal disease. METHODS: In a prospective study the dental health of 10,590 military service men and women was examined. The relationships of periodontal condition, expressed as CPITN index, and blood glucose levels were tested. The effect of gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking was also evaluated. RESULTS: Blood glucose levels were significantly and positively associated with severe periodontal disease, men, and higher BMI. Smoking did not affect blood glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS: Blood glucose levels might be associated with severe periodontal disease.     

Use of fluoridated dentifrice and glucose retention at the approximal areas of anterior teeth

The present study was undertaken to learn to what extent the use of dentifrice with fluoride affected glucose retention after glucose rinsing. Fifty-eight subjects consisting of forty male adults and eighteen female adults whose average age was 21.9 years were divided at random into two groups; one group used fluoridated dentifrice and the other group used nonfluoridated dentifrice. Subjects rinsed their mouths for fifteen seconds with 20 mL of 0.5 M glucose solution. Samples of saliva were taken from the approximal areas between the right and left central incisors of the maxilla and mandible by inserting the tip portion of a paper point three-minutes after the glucose rinsing, sample of saliva were taken from the neighboring approximal areas of the left central and left lateral incisors. Glucose content of the paper points was determined using the enzyme membrane method. Determinations were made before and at the end of the first, third, and fifth month over a five-month period. Fluoride concentrations in the resting saliva were also determined in different months during this period. At three-minutes and six-minutes, glucose retention in the group using fluoridated dentifrice was found to decrease slightly throughout the experiment; while glucose retention in the group on nonfluoridated dentifrice leveled off or increased in the fifth month. Fluoride concentration in the resting saliva increased during the experiment in the group using fluoridated dentifrice; while fluoride concentration in the group using nonfluoridated dentifrice did not change. It was concluded that the regular use of fluoridated dentifrice made glucose retention slightly lower and fluoride level in whole saliva higher.     

Comparing epidemiologically estimated treatment need with treatment provided in two dental schemes in Ireland

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Valid estimation of dental treatment needed at population level is important for service planning. In many instances, planning is informed by survey data, which provide epidemiologically estimated need from the dental fieldworkers' perspective. The aim of this paper is to determine the validity of this type of information for planning. A comparison of normative (epidemiologically estimated) need for selected treatments, as measured on a randomly-selected representative sample, is compared with treatment actually provided in the population from which the sample was drawn. METHODS: This paper compares dental treatment need, estimates from a national survey, with treatment provided within two choice-of-dentist schemes: Scheme 1, a co-payment scheme for employed adults, and Scheme 2, a 'free' service for less-well-off adults. Epidemiologically estimated need for extractions, restorations, advanced restorations and denture treatments was recorded for a nationally representative sample in 2000/02. Treatments provided to employed and less-well-off adults were retrieved from the claims databases for both schemes. We used the chi-square test to compare proportions, and the student's t-test to compare means between the survey and claims databases. RESULTS: Among employed adults, the proportion of 35-44-year-olds whose teeth had restorations was greater than estimated as needed in the survey (55.7% vs. 36.7%;p <0.0001). Mean number of teeth extracted was less than estimated as needed among 35-44 and 65 + year-olds. Among less-well-off adults, the proportion of 16-24-year-olds who had teeth extracted was greater than estimated as needed in the survey (27.4% vs. 7.9%;p <0.0001). Mean number of restorations provided was greater than estimated as needed in the survey for 16-24-year-olds (3.0 vs.0.9;p <0.0001) and 35-44-year-olds (2.7 vs. 1.4;p <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were found between epidemiologically estimated need and treatment provided for selected treatments, which may be accounted for by measurement differences. The gap between epidemiologically estimated need and treatment provided seems to be greatest for less-well-off adults.