绞股蓝总皂苷对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化大鼠肝组织基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制物的影响

目的:观察绞股蓝总皂苷对CCl4(四氯化碳)诱导的大鼠肝纤维化基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)及其抑制物(TIMPs)的影响。方法:采用CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型,分为正常组(n=6)、造模组(n=36),造模6周后,造模组大鼠死亡2只,剩余大鼠分为模型组(n=12)、绞股蓝总皂苷组(n=11)、秋水仙碱组(n=11)。造模第7周开始给药(剂量按公斤体重绞股蓝总皂苷200mg.kg-1.d-1、秋水仙碱0.1mg.kg-1.d-1),给药3周。观察:①大鼠一般情况变化;②肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hydroxyproline,Hyp)含量;③肝组织天狼星红染色;④肝组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA):免疫组化染色;⑤肝组织MMP-2、MMP-9活性:明胶酶谱实验;⑥肝组织TIMP-1、TIMP-2蛋白表达:western-blot检测。结果:较之正常组,模型组大鼠肝组织Hyp含量显著增高,肝脏纤维增生明显,肝组织α-SMA阳性表达及肝组织MMP-2、MMP-9活性和肝组织TIMP-1、TIMP-2蛋白表达显著增加。而绞股蓝总皂苷组较模型组大鼠的肝组织Hyp含量和纤维增生程度显著降低、α-SMA阳性表达减轻,MMP-2、MMP-9活性和TIMP-1、TIMP-2蛋白表达均显著下降。结论:绞股蓝总皂苷有显著的抗肝纤维化作用,其机理与抑制肝星状细胞活化及调节胶原代谢有关。     

“CKJ方”对大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用观察

目的观察中药“CKJ方”对大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用.方法分别采用CCl4或DMN诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,两批实验均按体重梯度随机分为正常组6只、模型组,CKJ方组、扶正化瘀方组和秋水仙碱组各11只.在实验结束时,观察各组动物肝组织Hyp含量,血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBIL、Alb变化及肝组织病理学变化.结果在CCl4模型,CKJ组肝组织Hyp含量为293.0±99.1μg/g肝湿重,显著低于模型组（524.5±143.0μg/g肝湿重,P〈0.01）;CKJ改善肝功能的作用明显优于对照组;CKJ组肝组织病理学变化明显好于模型组（P〈0.01）;在DMN模型,试验结果类似于在CCl4模型见到的情形.结论 CKJ方能有效防治CCl4或DMN诱导的大鼠肝纤维化,其疗效与扶正化瘀方相当,优于秋水仙碱.     

复方牛胎肝提取物对二甲基亚硝胺致大鼠肝纤维化的干预作用

目的:观察复方牛胎肝提取物(安珐特)对二甲基亚硝胺(DMN)诱导大鼠肝纤维化的干预作用。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠29只,随机分为正常组(9只)、模型组(10只)、安珐特组(10只)。后两组大鼠行腹腔注射4周DMN复制肝纤维化模型。造模结束后,安珐特组大鼠按照成人用药量的8倍剂量灌胃,共4周,正常组和模型组大鼠灌胃等剂量的0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)。8周末处死大鼠,留取标本。全自动生化仪检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、血清白蛋白(Alb);检测各组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸Hyp的含量;采用HE染色和天狼猩红染色法观察肝组织形态学。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清TBi L、ALT、AST、γ-GT水平明显升高(P0.05),Alb水平明显下降(P0.05);大鼠肝组织HE染色可见肝脏内有大量炎性细胞浸润,肝窦狭窄,汇管区扩大,肝细胞排列紊乱,出现肿胀、变性坏死,肝组织内有明显出血现象;天狼猩红染色可见大鼠肝脏胶原增生明显,大量纤维间隔,向肝小叶伸展,分割包绕肝组织,形成假小叶;肝组织Hyp含量明显升高(P0.05)。与模型组比较,安法特组大鼠血清TBi L、ALT、AST均显著降低降低(P0.05),γ-GT水平有所降低,Alb水平有所升高,但差异无统计学意义;肝组织HE染色可见肝细胞变性坏死、出血、炎症细胞浸润等病理变化有不同程度的改善;天狼猩红染色可见纤维化程度有明显改善;肝组织Hyp含量明显降低(P0.05)。结论:安珐特对DMN诱导的大鼠肝纤维化形成有显著的抑制作用。     

苦杏仁苷对二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用

目的：探讨苦杏仁苷对二甲基亚硝胺（DMN）诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用。方法：采用Wistar雄性大鼠,以腹腔注射DMN诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。在造模4周后,将造模大鼠按体重分层随机分为模型组、苦杏仁苷组及对照药秋水仙碱组,每组10只,灌胃用药两周后取材。观察检测以下指标：①末次体重、肝脾比值;②肝组织羟脯氨酸含量;③肝功能指标：血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、谷胺酰转肽酶（GGT）活性;白蛋白（Alb）、总胆红素（TBil）含量;④肝组织天狼星红染色及HE染色;⑤肝组织脂质过氧化指标：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）。结果：①模型组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸含量与正常组相比显著升高（P〈0.01）;与模型组相比,苦杏仁苷及秋水仙碱治疗组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸含量显著降低（P〈0.01）;②天狼星红染色显示模型组大鼠窦周胶原沉积明显,肝小叶间形成较厚汇管区和中央静脉间的纤维间隔,可见较多完整的假小叶,HE染色结果显示模型组大鼠肝细胞水肿明显,汇管区结缔组织有不同程度增生,肝组织中有炎性细胞浸润,窦壁细胞增生明显;苦杏仁苷治疗组和秋水仙碱对照组与模型组相比炎症缓解、胶原纤维增生程度分期显著降低（P〈0.05）;③模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT活性及TBil含量显著升高,Alb含量显著降低（P〈0.01）;苦杏仁苷组与秋水仙碱组大鼠血清ALT、AST活性显著降低（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;④与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织SOD活性、GSH含量及GSH-Px活性显著降低,MDA含量显著升高（P〈0.05）;苦杏仁苷能显著升高模型大鼠肝组织GSH活性（P〈0.05）,秋水仙碱则能显著升高GSH、GSH-Px活性。结论：苦杏仁苷对DMN诱导的大鼠肝纤维化有显著改善作用。     

余甘子抗慢性肝损伤性肝纤维化的实验研究

目的：观察余甘子（Phyllanthus emblica L.)抗慢性肝损伤性肝纤维化的作用，并揭示其作用机理。方法：采用四氯化碳（CCl4)建立小鼠肝纤维化, 余甘子水提醇沉物高，中，小剂量组并与秋水仙碱组作对照。观察小鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT，天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），总蛋白（TP），白蛋白（Alb），肝组织羟脯氨酸（Hyp)及肝脏系数，肝脏组织病理改变。结果：各剂量余甘子可显著降低小鼠肝脏Hyp含量及血清ALT，AST的活性，抑制Alb和A／G比值的降低，减轻肝组织病理损害程度，其作用呈剂量依赖性。结论：余甘子对实验性慢性肝损伤具有保护肝细胞，减少肝损伤，抗肝纤维化作用。     

三草护肝胶囊抗实验性肝纤维化药效学研究

目的:观察三草护肝胶囊对肝纤维化动物血清相关指标(ALT、AST、ALP、TP、Alb、Glb、A/G、LM、HA、PCⅢ)、肝脏羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和肝脏超微结构的影响。方法:以四氯化碳皮下注射复制大鼠化学性肝纤维化模型,与秋水仙碱作比较。结果:三草护肝胶囊能显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清AST和ALP活性,降低血清HA、LM、PCⅢ及肝组织Hyp含量,超微结构观察亦显示给药组肝纤维化程度较模型组轻。结论:三草护肝胶囊具有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。     

冷饭团抗肝纤维化的实验研究

目的：探讨冷饭团的抗肝纤维化作用,方法：采用CCl4和高脂低蛋白等复合因素诱导大鼠实验性肝纤维化,以联苯双酯为对照,观察冷饭团对大鼠肝功能和肝组织羟脯氨酸（Hyp)的影响,并作肝脏病理切片,光镜下观察组织学改变,。结果：冷饭团能显著降低实验性肝纤维化大鼠血清谷丙转氨酸（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性,升高血清白蛋白（Alb),降低肝组织Hyp含量,并能明显减轻大鼠肝细胞损害,肝脏脂肪变性和胶原纤维增生的程度,结论：冷饭团有较好的降酶,保护肝细胞和抗肝纤维化作用。     

牛磺酸对大鼠肝纤维化形成的影响

目的 :观察牛磺酸对实验性大鼠肝纤维化的作用。方法 :用四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,实验分4组 :正常对照组 ,模型对照组 ,牛磺酸高、低剂量组 ,观察大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)、白蛋白 (Alb)、总胆红素 (TBil)、透明质酸 (HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原 (PCⅢ )、层粘蛋白 (LN)及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量 ,并观察肝组织病理变化。结果 :牛磺酸治疗组血清ALT、TBil、HA、PCⅢ、LN及肝组织MDA水平显著降低 ,血清Alb及肝组织中SOD活性明显升高 ,肝纤维化程度减轻。结论 :牛磺酸具有抗肝纤维化作用 ,其机制可能与抗脂质过氧化有关     

林蛙油对大鼠肝纤维化的影响

目的 探讨林蛙油对大鼠肝纤维化的治疗效果.方法 用林蛙油治疗CCl4诱导的肝纤维化模型,观察它对肝细胞实验室检查及氧化和抗氧化能力指标的影响.结果 林蛙油能降低肝纤维化大鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、γ-谷氨基转移酶(GGT)、羟脯氨酸(Hyp)及丙二醛(MAD),增加超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px).结论 林蛙油能改善其肝脏损伤程度,减少肝纤维化大鼠肝组织中胶原的增生,增加抗氧化能力,延缓肝硬化的形成,对大鼠肝纤维化有很好的治疗作用.     

甲珠对肝纤维化大鼠氧化应激指标的影响

目的 观察甲珠对肝纤维化大鼠氧化应激指标羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)表达的影响及其抗纤维化机制.方法 采用40% CCl4皮下注射制备肝纤维化模型,并以甲珠不同剂量干预,测定肝Hyp、MDA、SOD水平,并通过光镜观察肝组织病理变化.结果 甲珠各组较模型组肝组织中Hyp、MDA显著降低;总SOD活性显著升高(P<0.05);肝组织氧化损伤程度明显改善(P<0.05);肝组织病理变化改善(P<0.05).结论 甲珠对CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化有良好的防治作用.     

内皮祖细胞移植在四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型中的作用

目的研究内皮祖细胞（EPCs）移植对CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的影响。方法选用雌性健康SD大鼠,共24只。采用25％的CCl4/橄榄油灌胃8周制成SD大鼠肝纤维化模型,随机处死8只为CCl4处理8周组,再随机取16只分成EPCs回输组和等渗盐水对照组,每组各8只。在EPCs回输组,EPCs经门静脉回输入大鼠体内；等渗盐水对照组,门静脉回输入等体积的等渗盐水,回输4周后处死所有大鼠,取肝组织石蜡切片,进行苏木精-伊红常规染色和Masson三色染色法；免疫组织化学染色检测α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和CⅢ,进行组织学和纤维化评估,同时取血清进行生化检测评估肝功能。结果与等渗盐水对照组相比,EPCs回输组中,肝组织学活动指数（HAI）,ALT、AST和TBil水平降低,Alb水平高,α-SMA和CⅢ表达少（P＜0．05）；与CCl4处理8周组相比,EPCs回输组中,HAI、ALT、AST和TBil水平降低,其他指标差异无统计学意义；等渗盐水对照组中HAI、ALT、AST和TBil水平升高,Alb水平降低（P＜0．05）。结论在肝纤维化发展过程中,门静脉回输EPCs,可以减轻肝脏炎症损伤,同时改善CCl4诱导的肝纤维化程度。     

Protective effects of 5,4''-dihydroxy-3'',5''- dimethoxy-7-O-β-D -glucopyranosyloxy-flavone on experimental hepatic injury

AIM: To investigate the pharmacological effects of rice flavone (5,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone, RF) separated from panicledifferentiating to flowing rice on rat experimental hepatic injury.METHODS: Models of rat acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration, rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, injury of primary cultured rat hepatocytes induced by CCl4, respectively,were established. After treated with RF, content of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin (Alb), hyaluronic acid (HA), the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured and liver tissue was observed pathologically by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Effects of RF on pathological changes,function index, enzyme of scavenging free radicals and blood rheology were evaluated.RESULTS: In model of rat acute hepatic injury induced by CCl4, RF can significantly decrease the contents of serum ALT, AST, increase the content of Alb, improve the dropsy and fat denaturalization of hepatocytes. In model of rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide,RF can inhibit the increase of HA, Hyp and whole blood viscosity, and improve the activities of GSH-Px and SOD,and inauricular microcirculation.CONCLUSION: RF has apparent protective effects on hepatic injury by increasing activity of GSH-Px and SOD,scavenging free radicals produced by CCl4, reducing blood viscosity, and improving microcirculation and blood supply.     

Protective effects of 5,4′-dihydroxy-3.5′- dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone on experimental hepatic injury

AIM: To investigate the pharmacological effects of rice flavone (5,4‘-dihydroxy-3‘,5‘-dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone, RF) separated from panicle-differentiating to flowing rice on rat experimental hepatic injury. METHODS: Models of rat acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) administration, rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, injury of primary cultured rat hepatocytes induced by CCI4, respectively, were established. After treated with RF, content of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin (AIb), hyaluronic acid (HA), the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured and liver tissue was observed pathologically by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Effects of RF on pathological changes, function index, enzyme of scavenging free radicals and blood rheology were evaluated. RESULTS: In model of rat acute hepatic injury inducedby CCI4, RF can significantly decrease the contents of serum ALT, AST, increase the content of AIb, improve the dropsy and fat denaturalization of hepatocytes. In model of rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, RF can inhibit the increase of HA, Hyp and whole blood viscosity, and improve the activities of GSH-Px and SOD, and inauricular microcirculation. CONCLUSION: RF has apparent protective effects onhepatic injury by increasing activity of GSH-Px and SOD, scavenging free radicals produced by CCI4, reducing blood viscosity, and improving microcirculation and blood supply.     

蓝莓对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝组织TLR4,TLR9表达的影响

目的:探讨蓝莓抗氧化作用对猪血清免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝组织Toll样受体4(toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)和Toll样受体9(TLR9)蛋白表达的影响.方法:60只♂Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组)、模型组(B组)、蓝莓低、中、高剂量防治组(C、D、E组)、复方鳖甲软肝片防治组(F组).除A组外,其余各组均腹腔注射猪血清制备大鼠肝纤维化模型.C、D、E、F组在造模同时分别给予蓝莓原浆或复方鳖甲软肝片灌胃,1次/d,共12wk.第12周末处死大鼠,计算大鼠肝脏指数,行肝脏病理组织学检查,测定各组大鼠血清ALT和AST水平、肝组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)及羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline,Hyp)含量,免疫印迹法(western blot,WB)和免疫组织化学法检测TLR4和TLR9蛋白质在肝脏组织中的表达.结果:各组大鼠血清ALT、AST水平无明显差异(F=4.274,0.917,P>0.05);与B组比较,D,E组肝组织匀浆SOD活性、GSH含量明显升高(F=6.662,61.472,P<0.05);肝脏指数、MDA及Hyp含量明显降低(F=3.972,42.755和41.265,P<0.05);肝纤维化程度明显减轻(F=63.339,P<0.05),胶原表达减少;E组大鼠肝组织TLR4和TLR9蛋白质表达明显减少(F=6.932和7.534,P<0.05).结论:TLR4和TLR9蛋白质表达增加可能与免疫性肝纤维化的发生发展有关.蓝莓对大鼠免疫性肝纤维化有一定的预防作用.     

冷饭团抗肝纤维化的实验研究

探讨冷饭团的抗肝纤维化作用。方法采用CCl     

Effects of salviainolic acid A (SA-A) on liver injury: SA-A action on hepatic peroxidation

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the actions of salviainolic acid A (SA-A), an antiperoxidative component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Sm), on rat liver injury and fibrosis. METHODS: Acute and chronic rat liver injury models were established using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). After 48 h (acute) or during 6 weeks of CCl4 injection, rats were further divided and treated with biphenyl dimethyl-dicarboxylate (BDD) or colchicine, as a control antifibrotic treatment, with Sm, a herbal compound, or SA-A, a water-soluble extract of Sm. Liver function was investigated by assessing alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, histological analysis, hydroxyproline (Hyp) and malondiadehyde (MDA) content. In vitro, isolated cultured hepatocytes were injured with CCl4 gas for 24 h, followed by treatment with either vitamin E or various concentrations of SA-A. The extent of hepatocyte injury was monitored by analyzing various lipid peroxidative parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), lactase dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in hepatocyte supernatants. RESULTS: SA-A significantly decreased abnormal serum ALT activity both in acutely and chronically injured rat livers, decreased abnormal serum AST activity, Hyp and MDA content and attenuated hepatic collagen deposition. After CCl4 incubation and injury, the activities of AST, ALT CAT, GSH-PX and LDH and MDA content in hepatocyte supernatants increased significantly, but GSH levels decreased significantly. SA-A markedly improved these pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. 10(-4) mol/l SA-A had stronger inhibitory action than vitamin E. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies suggest that SA-A has antiperoxidative effects on injured hepatocytes in liver injury and fibrosis induced by CCl4.     

Effect of Losartan, an Angiotensin II Antagonist, on Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by CCl4 in Rats

In addition to regulating blood pressure and body fluid homeostasis, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is also involved in hepatic fibrogenesis. We aimed to investigate the effect of losartan, an angiotensin II (Ang II) antagonist, on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by a subcutaneous injection with 50% CCl4 in Sprague-Dawley rats. The amount of CCl4 administered was 1 mg/kg. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in plasma and hydroxyproline (Hyp) contents in liver tissue were assayed by spectrophotometry. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and procollagen III (PC III) were assessed by radioimmunoassay. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels in culture supernatants of Kupffer cells (KCs) stimulated with Ang II was determined by ELISA. Liver samples collected after 12 weeks of CCl4 treatment were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, then scored. Losartan (2.5, 5, and 10 mg x kg(-1), ig) and captopril (100 mg x kg(-1), ig) significantly decreased liver and spleen indexes, serum transaminase (AST, ALT) activities, HA and PC III levels, and Hyp contents in liver tissue in rats of hepatic fibrosis. Histopathological scores showed that losartan had an inhibitory effect on the progression of hepatic fibrosis. In in vitro experiments, losartan (1 x 10(-9) - 1 x 10(-5) M) significantly reduced TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 levels in culture supernatants of KCs, but captopril (1 x 10(-5) M) did not. The results showed that losartan significantly inhibited the progression of hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4, and the inhibitory effect of losartan on hepatic fibrosis might be associated with its ability to inhibit the production of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 by activated KCs.     

排钱草总生物碱对实验性肝纤维化动物相关指标的作用

目的 观察排钱草总生物碱对实验性肝纤维化的作用效果及其作用机制。方法 采用四氯化碳（CC14）诱导肝纤维化模型,分别按阻断肝纤维化实验研究方法和治疗肝纤维化实验研究方法,从而清相关指标、肝脏羟脯氨酸含量和病理组织学等观察排钱草总生物碱的疗效,以秋水仙碱作为阳性对照药。结果 排钱草总生物碱能显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清ALT、HA、γ-球蛋白及肝组织羟脯氨酸含量。肝脏病理组织学检查亦显示良好的作用效果。结论 排钱草总生物碱具有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。