An on-line computer system for monitoring respiratory and cardiac functions of patients

A computer-based noninvasive and continuous patient monitoring system for breath-by-breath assessment of cardiorespiratory functions was developed. Transthoracic impedance changes caused by respiratory and cardiac activities were measured with separate impedance plethysmographs of different frequencies. A mini-computer system calculated on-line eight respiratory parameters (VT, f, VE, PETO2, PETCO2, VO2, VCO2, and R) in cooperation with expired gas analysis data from a mass-spectrometer, and three cardiac parameters (SV, HR and Q). These parameters were displayed simultaneously at the end of each breath. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the impedance cardiogram to a level allowing computer determination, an ensemble averaging technique was utilized. The computer-derived cardiorespiratory parameters obtained during voluntary hyperventilation and a passive tilt demonstrated reasonable changes.     

Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion with immunopathological background

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is diagnosed if three or more spontaneous abortions follow each other typically in the first trimester. The root cause of miscarriages often can not be found. A significant proportion of this unexplained RSA cases may be caused by immunopathological failure. AIM: A multicentric clinical study started in 2000 to introduce an immunological screening protocol for patients suffering in idiopathic habitual abortion, and to use immunotherapy for their treatment if immunological background was defined. METHOD: The general checkup of the patients was managed based upon a detailed protocol, with which non-immunopathological reasons for RSA were excluded. The unexplained RSA cases underwent an immunological checkup including cellular and humoral immunological, immunogenetic and autoimmune examinations. Based upon these parameters, the immunopathological background of RSA was certified or excluded. In the confirmed immunopathological cases intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy was applied during their next pregnancy, with continuous monitoring of the immunological parameters. RESULTS: 120 patients with RSA were examined, and 32 of them got IVIG therapy during their next pregnancy. In 72% of cases (23/32) IVIG treatment for RSA with immunopathological alloimmune background was successful, with the outcome of healthy newborn. Of the 9 unsuccessful cases, in 6 patients subsequently additional non-immunopathological reasons were diagnosed for their RSA. IVIG treatment of patients with clear alloimmune background was successful in 88.5% (23/26). CONCLUSION: Results show that immunopathological checkup and immunotherapy is a useful treatment in the modern medicine for the patients with unexplained RSA. However the success of this method depends on the adherence of the checkup protocol, because unsuccessful therapy of non-clear cases can reduce the efficiency.     

A visual diagnostic evaluation of the cerebral hemodynamics by rheo-encephalogram

A technology of a diagnostic evaluation of the cerebral-hemodynamic functional state made on the basis of rheoencephalogram end involving the two-component analysis method is described in the paper. The method consists in a quantitative representation of a qualitatively new regularity pertaining to the functioning of the cardiovascular system with a two-phase structure of cardiac output, i.e. the positive systolic one and the negative diastolic one, which is in line with the active functioning of the myocardium both in the systolic and diastolic cardiac-cycle phases. A partial separation of the arterial and venous components of rheoencephalogram, which reflect (during the cardiac cycle) the pulse fluctuations of voluminous blood filling in the arterial and venous sections of the examined bloodstream portion, is made use of. The method parameters provide for separate diagnostic evaluations of the tonus and blood filling of the arteries, veins and small peripheral vessels of the examined blood-stream portion. The computer-aided version of two-component analysis supports the rheoencephalogram processing in the sitting registration posture covering the full neurological examination range with respect to sex and age-related peculiarities of cerebral hemodynamics.     

Analyzing hospital market share along product lines.

This article illustrates a method of analyzing market share based on product lines or specific hospital services, using 1990 data from a health service catchment area in South Carolina. Hospital discharges from two specific services: vascular and cardiac surgery; and obstetrics, were used to compute market rates of retention, discharge, escape, commitment, opening, and capture. The results confirm that as hospitals become more specialized, market share analysis based on total discharges is often misleading. Rather, discharges should be disaggregated and separate service areas with different boundaries constructed for different product lines. This method of market analysis can be performed easily and periodically by hospitals to monitor the market situation of their product lines.     

Assessment of autonomic neurotoxicity in occupational and environmental health as determined by ECG R-R interval variability: A review

Measurement of heart rate variability (coefficient of variation of ECG R-R intervals, CV_RR) provides a useful approach for the objective assessment of the autonomic nervous function. It is noninvasive and clinically practical, although it tends to be distorted by confounding factors such as age, alcohol, and tobacco. Specifically, two component coefficients of variation of the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and Mayer wave-related sinus arrhythmia (MWSA) in the CV_RR (i.e., C-CV_RSA and C-CV_MWSA), computed from component spectral powers by autoregressive spectral and component analyses, are expected to reflect parasympathetic and sympathetic functions, respectively. This article is intended to present an overview of research, utilizing the CV_RR method including the C-CV_RSA and C-CV_MWSA, in occupational and environmental health. The available literature, addressing the impact of some chemicals and work-related factors on human autonomic nervous system, indicates that parasympathetic activity appears to be more vulnerable to these factors than does sympathetic activity. Since decreased cardiac vagal tone is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death or coronary artery disease, attention should be directed to further discovery of hazardous factors in the environment and work place, which are likely to affect the autonomic nervous system. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Mothers' and Fathers' Responses to Children's Negative Emotions: Family and Physiological Correlates

Parental physiological regulation and coparenting conflict were examined as correlates of mothers' and fathers' reactions to children's negative emotions. A within‐family design that included 70 families (mother, father, and two siblings between the ages of 2 and 5) was used. Parents completed questionnaires about their reactions to children's negative emotions and the other parent's coparenting. Parents' respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured during a baseline task. Mothers were more emotionally supportive and less negative in response to children's negative emotions than fathers. The results from actor–partner interdependence models indicated that fathers' baseline RSA was positively associated with their own and the mothers' supportive reactions to children's negative emotions. Fathers reported using more negative parenting when mothers had higher baseline RSA. Coparenting conflict accounted for between‐family differences in parenting. The findings underscore the need for a greater focus on the complex family processes associated with mothers' and fathers' emotion‐related parenting behaviors.     

复发性流产血栓前状态病因学及治疗研究进展

复发性流产（RSA）的病因非常复杂，血栓前状态与RSA的关系成为近年来国内外的研究热点。越来越多的研究指明：凝血因子Ⅴ突变、凝血酶原基因多态性、亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTFHR）基因突变、蛋白C缺陷、蛋白S缺陷、纤维蛋白原基因变异、抗磷脂抗体（APL）阳性、血管紧张素转换酶基因插入和缺失、血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1（PAI-1）基因多态性均可能是RSA的病因。目前尚无足够证据表明有血栓前状态的RSA患者常规应用低分子肝素可以改善其妊娠结局，但国内外医学工作者们仍积极探索RSA血栓前状态的治疗方法，并总结辅助生殖技术中血栓前状态的治疗经验，提出治疗建议。     

静注免疫球蛋白治疗反复性自然流产的研究

反复性自然流产的免疫学病因是目前研究的重点 ,针对其免疫学病因开展了多种免疫疗法 ,静注免疫球蛋白是其中之一。国内、外对静注免疫球蛋白治疗反复性自然流产的研究 ,虽取得了一定的进展 ,但仍处于临床试验阶段。该文就静注免疫球蛋白治疗反复性自然流产的作用机制、治疗方法、疗效评价、副作用等方面作以综述     

呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子病毒检测分析

目的了解某医院住院下呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子常见呼吸道病毒检出情况,为临床疾病诊治提供参考依据。方法采用直接免疫荧光法,对该院2013年5月—2014年4月8 425例下呼吸道感染住院患儿咽拭子进行检测,了解患儿合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒(IV)-A、IV-B、副流感病毒(PIV)-1、PIV-2和PIV-3感染/携带情况。结果 8 425例住院患儿的咽拭子样本,1 879例患儿咽拭子检出病毒,总检出率为22.30%,其中以RSV检出率最高(11.31%),其次为PIV-3(4.37%)。不同性别患儿呼吸道病毒总检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.051)。婴、幼儿组RSV检出率最高,学龄前组各病毒检出比例相对接近,而小学组以ADV检出居多(37.50%)。春、冬季患儿以RSV感染为主,分别占62.82%和69.88%;夏季则以PIV-3为主,占41.71%,各病毒所占比例在秋季差异小。结论下呼吸道感染住院患儿咽拭子中7种病毒检出率与年龄、季节等变化有关;婴、幼儿组7种病毒检出率高,以RSV为主。     

改良微量淋巴细胞毒实验在反复自然流产免疫病因方面的实验诊断研究

目的提高反复自然流产(RSA)免疫病因实验诊断水平。方法应用改良微量淋巴细胞毒实验(CDC)检测封闭抗体1591例。结果此实验中台盼蓝染色优于伊红Y,补体是关键成分;封闭抗体缺乏与原发RSA明显相关,与继发RSA有相关性。结论改良微量淋巴细胞毒实验是RSA实验诊断及免疫治疗效果监测重要手段,原发RSA中免疫病因占有重要位置,继发RSA中免疫因素较复杂。     

环孢素A治疗复发性流产的研究进展

复发性流产（recurrent spontaneous abortion,RSA）是常见的妇产科疾病,该病病因复杂,目前仍有部分RSA患者的病因尚不明确,可能与免疫因素异常密切相关。与免疫因素相关的治疗方案也引起了学者们的关注,其中细胞免疫抑制剂环孢素A（cyclosporine A,CsA）在RSA中的治疗作用逐渐被揭示。随着研究的深入,学者们发现CsA具有调节母胎免疫耐受和滋养细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭等作用,为其作为RSA相关用药提供了证据支持。从CsA调节母胎免疫耐受细胞因子的平衡、缓解滋养细胞免疫应激损伤、增强滋养细胞的增殖及侵袭力和减少滋养细胞凋亡等方面阐述CsA的胚胎保护机制,并结合最新有关CsA联合中药治疗RSA的临床报道,阐明CsA在RSA疾病中的治疗价值,为进一步研究CsA治疗RSA提供思路。     

表观遗传学在复发性流产中的研究进展

复发性流产(recurrent spontaneous abortion,RSA)是一种常见的病理性妊娠,其发病机制复杂,常涉及遗传、内分泌、免疫系统、生殖结构异常和环境等多方面因素,人群发病率约为2％～5％.目前仍有约50％患者的发病机制尚不明确,因此,探索新的RSA的生理病理机制迫在眉睫.研究表明表观遗传学通过激活...     

探讨ECMO辅助循环呼吸衰竭患者的治疗效果

目的:探讨ECMO辅助循环呼吸衰竭患者治疗效果。方法:将本院于2014年6月~2020年1月接治的13例使用ECMO救治的重症患者作为研究对象,对施行ECMO辅助治疗的效果进行回顾性分析。结果:患者经过辅助治疗后,血压水平要优于辅助治疗前(P<0.05),辅助治疗后的左心室射血分数与辅助治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者辅助治疗后的各项指标均要优于辅助治疗前(P<0.05)。结论:对危重症循环呼吸衰竭的患者,ECMO可以提供辅助循环的环境,通过减少心脏做功从而对于心脏功能的恢复起到了一定的帮助;对于各种原因导致的呼吸衰竭患者使用ECMO在改善全身乏氧症状的效果上是极好的。但是在ECMO联合应用IABP并不能提高患者脱机率及生存率。     

Development and immunogenicity of recombinant Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine strain ts-11 expressing chicken IFN-gamma

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a poultry pathogen that causes respiratory disease and loss of egg production worldwide. A live attenuated vaccine, ts-11, has been used for the control of MG in several countries. To improve the functionality of the vaccine and investigate its potential as a delivery vector for host immune molecules and foreign antigens, we have developed ts-11 as a vector to express and secrete chicken IFN-gamma (ts-11 C3) using a transposon-based delivery vector. Following administration of ts-11 C3 in chickens by eye drop, up to 2 weeks post-vaccination, neither significant systemic IFN-gamma expression nor an antibody response as determined by the rapid serum agglutination (RSA) could be detected, while moderate RSA scores were detected in birds vaccinated with ts-11. However, the MG-specific IFN-gamma response in spleen cultures was significantly enhanced in ts-11 C3 vaccinated chickens and, more interestingly, significant heterophil infiltration was detected in the tracheal epithelium in ts-11 C3 vaccinated birds, but not in ts-11 vaccinated birds. These results indicate that the IFN-gamma expressed by ts-11 C3 enhanced host cellular immunity rather than humoral immunity and may also have stimulated mucosal heterophil infiltration. These results also suggest that ts-11 is a promising vector for protective antigens of other chicken respiratory pathogens.     

抗精子抗体对复发性流产发病风险影响的Meta分析

目的系统评价血清抗精子抗体与RSA的相关性。方法通过检索PubMed、Embase、WoS、The Cochrane Library、CBM、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库,收集血清AsAb对RSA影响的相关文献,检索截止时间为2020年4月3日。结果共纳入18篇文献,累计样本4937例,其中RSA组血清AsAb阳性率为20.66%,对照组抗体阳性率为3.97%。经随机效应模型合并分析,血清AsAb阳性增加了RSA的发病风险(OR=6.05, 95%CI:4.01～9.14,Z=8.57,P<0.001)。亚组分析显示,流产次数≥3次且AsAb阳性女性发生RSA的风险增加6.26倍(OR=6.26, 95%CI:2.68～14.60,Z=4.24,P<0.001)。流产孕周小于12周的女性发生RSA的风险增加7.09倍(OR=7.09, 95%CI:2.79～18.00,Z=4.12,P<0.001)。结论血清AsAb阳性增加了RSA的发病风险,其可能是RSA的致病原因。     

A principal component analysis based data fusion method for ECG-derived respiration from single-lead ECG

An ECG-derived respiration (EDR) algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) is presented and applied to derive the respiratory signals from single-lead ECG. The respiratory-induced variabilities of ECG features, P-peak amplitude, Q-peak amplitude, R-peak amplitude, S-peak amplitude, T-peak amplitude and RR-interval, are fused by PCA to yield a better surrogate respiratory signal than other methods. The method is evaluated on data from the MIT-BIH polysomnographic database and validated against a “gold standard” respiratory obtained from simultaneously recorded respiration data. The performance of fusion algorithm is assessed by comparing the EDR signals to a reference respiratory signal, using the quantitative evaluation indexes that include true positive (TP), false positive (FP), false negative (FN), sensitivity (SE) and positive predictivity (PP). The statistically difference is significant among the PCA data fusion method and the EDR methods based on the RR intervals and the RS amplitudes, showing that PCA data fusion algorithm outperforms the others in the extraction of respiratory signals from single-lead ECGs.     

Cardiac interval measurement attachment to a personal computer]

A cardiac intervalometric deck to a personal computer is described, which can single out respiratory arrhythmia in the pattern of cardiac rhythm. The parameters of respiratory arrhythmia supplement variation pulsometry to evaluate the autonomic nervous system.     

QSAR analysis of 1,3-diaryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-isoindole derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis was performed on a series of 1,3-diaryl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-isoindole for their cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition. QSAR investigations were based on Hansch's extra thermodynamic multi-parameter approach and receptor surface analysis (RSA). QSAR investigations reveal that steric and electrostatic interactions are primarily responsible for COX-2 enzyme-ligand interaction. QSAR model derived from Hansch analysis demonstrated that COX-2 inhibitory activity is correlated with sum of atomic polarizability (Apol), number of hydrogen-bond donor groups (HBD), energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), desolvation free energy for water (F(H(2)O)) and fraction of areas of molecular shadow in the XY and ZX planes over area of enclosing rectangle (Sxyf and Sxzf) with r ranges 0.870-0.904. The best model was obtained from RSA model having r = 0.940 with good predictive ability (predicted compounds in training set and test set within +/- 1.0 unit of pIC(50)) and can be used in designing better selective COX-2 inhibitors among the congeners in future.