HCV不同功能区抗体与HCVRNA的关系探讨

探讨HCV不同功能区抗体(抗-C、抗-NS3、抗-NS4及抗-NS5)与HCVRNA的关系。HCV不同功能区抗体测定采用ELISA法,用RT-PCR进行HCV RNA检测。结果显示55例抗HCV阳性血清中有7种抗体阳性组合。抗-NS3、抗-C、抗-NS5及抗-NS4在7种阳性组合中的检出率分别为96．4%、89．1%、58．2%、56．4%。HCVRNA阳性血清中抗-NS3、抗-C、抗-NS5及抗NS4的检出率分别为96．2%,88．5%,57．7%,57．7%。HCV不同功能区抗体ELISA法有很高的敏感性和特异性,与RT-PCR法基本一致。抗-NS3、抗-C在HCV的诊断中有重要的意义,抗-NS5和抗-NS4有诊断的互补作用。     

慢性丙型肝炎病毒感染者外周血淋巴细胞增殖反应

目的　观察慢性丙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞对丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ） 抗原刺激的增殖反应．方法　外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ） 与ＨＣＶ 抗原ｃ２２ 、ｃ３３ 、ｃ１００ － ３ 、ＮＳ５ 和植物血凝素（ＰＨＡ） 分别共同孵育,加入胸腺嘧啶核苷（３ ＨＴｄＲ） ,然后收集细胞于液闪仪测定每分钟脉冲数（ｃｐｍ） ．结果　根据对不同ＨＣＶ 抗原的淋巴细胞增殖反应发现,以ｃ２２免疫原性最强,ｃ１００ － ３ 次之：淋巴细胞激活与ＨＣＶ 基因型关系不大;健康对照和慢性乙型肝炎患者对各ＨＣＶ 抗原未能显示有效的淋巴细胞增殖反应;与健康对照比较,慢性丙型肝炎和乙型肝炎患者对ＰＨＡ 刺激的淋巴细胞增殖反应降低．结论　ＨＣＶ 抗原ｃ２２ 免疫原性最强,丙型肝炎患者对ＨＣＶ 抗原的淋巴细胞增殖反应系特异性;慢性丙型肝炎和乙型肝炎患者存在抑制的细胞免疫应答．     

HCV genotypes in hepatitis C patients and their clinical significances

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄｔｈａｔｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓＣｖｉｒｕｓ（ＨＣＶ）ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒａｂｌｅｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｈａｓｍａｎｙｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅｓ．Ａｔｌｅａｓｔｔｗｅｌｖｅ,５ｏｆｗｈｉｃｈｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｔ,ｉ．ｅ．：Ⅰ／１ａ,Ⅱ／１ｂ,Ⅲ／２ａ,Ⅳ／２ｂ,ａｎｄⅤ／３ａｔｙｐｅｓ．ＴｈｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｇｅｎｏｔｙｐｅｓｏｆＨＣＶｍａｙｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｓｏｍｅｒｅｔａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｗｉｔｈｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｄｉ…     

HCV基因异质性及其宿主基因多态性

丙型肝炎的进展、严重程度、治疗反应性差异不仅与病毒的遗传多样性有关,而且与宿主IL-28B、IP-10、ITPA基因多态性有关。分别介绍了HCV基因多态性和宿主基因单核苷酸多态性的分子流行病学、临床和治疗学方面的研究进展,提出迫切需要可靠的有关病毒及宿主的相关分子流行病学数据,以协助决策HCV筛检等公共卫生问题,降低丙型肝炎全球发病率和病死率。     

Effects of HCV proteins in current HCV transgenic models

Hepatits C virus (HCV) is an enveloped virus with positive‐sense single‐stranded RNA genome that causes both acute and persistent infections associated with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which needs fully functional human hepatocytes for its development. Due to the strict human tropism of HCV, only human and higher primates such as chimpanzees have been receptive to HCV infection and development, cognition about pathophysiololgy and host immune responses of HCV infection is limited by lacking of simple laboratory models of infection for a long time. During the past decade, gene transfer approaches have been helpful to the understanding of the molecular basis of human disease. Transgenic cell lines, chimeric and transgenic animal models were developed and had been demonstrated their invaluable benefits. This review focuses on the existing HCV transgenic models and summarize the relative results about probable pathophysical changes induced by HCV proteins.     

HCV感染后机体保护性免疫缺陷原因探讨

目的探讨丙型肝炎患者保护性免疫缺陷的原因.方法根据HCV C区和NS4区基因序列设计并人工合成3条合成肽,采用抗原捕捉酶联免疫吸附试验检测HCV感染者血清中抗-HCV IgG抗体轻链κ/λ比值.同时以正常人血清做对照.结果抗-HCVSP42,CP10和CP9抗体轻链的表达呈明显的偏斜;116例抗-HCV阳性者中113例(97.41%),抗-HCV IgG抗体轻链κ/λ比值偏高.所有病例追踪观察1 a(其中11例抗-HCV阳性者随访2 a);30例患者接受α-干扰素治疗,发现抗-HCV抗体κ/λ比值恒定不变.结论HCV感染者抗-HCV抗体的产生不均匀性并呈稳定的克隆性.B细胞克隆优势化可能是HCV感染后机体保护性免疫缺陷的原因之一.     

HCV对HIV/HCV共感染患者病情进展的影响

目的探讨HCV对HIV/HCV共感染病情进展的影响。方法研究对象为2012年8月到北京佑安医院随访的HIV/HCV共感染者29例及HIV单独感染者20例。两组患者年龄、性别及HIV感染时间及感染方式、感染的HIV病毒亚型均具有可比性。外周血生化指标检测并采用瞬时弹性扫描仪FibroScan评估肝脏功能及纤维化程度,运用流式细胞技术检测外周血CD4+T、CD8+T细胞绝对计数。两组计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ2检验。结果 HIV/HCV共感染组ALT、AST及TBil水平分别为(76.16±81.25)U/L、(87.66±71.32)U/L、(14.21±9.56)μmol/L,明显高于HIV单独感染组[(27.74±20.63)U/L、(45.65±16.95)U/L、(10.26±3.22)μmol/L],差异具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.004、0.005及0.046)。与HIV单独感染组相比,HIV/HCV共感染组Stiffness指数有升高的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(t=1.889,P=0.080)。HIV/HCV共感染组HIV病毒载量(拷贝/ml)的对数值为3.66±0.97明显高于HIV单独感染组的3.02±0.90(t=2.251,P=0.030)。HIV/HCV共感染组、HIV单独感染组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数及CD4+T/CD8+T细胞比例分别为(374.25±185.48)/μl及(0.33±0.17)、(496.45±230.98)/μl及(0.46±0.27),HIV/HCV共感染组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数及CD4+T/CD8+T细胞比例低于HIV单独感染组,差异具有统计学意义,P值分别为0.048、0.043。共感染组艾滋病发病率(27.59%)呈现出较HIV单独感染组(5%)高的趋势(P=0.063)。结论HCV促进HIV/HCV共感染者肝脏损伤,增强HIV复制,加剧机体免疫功能损伤,HCV可能加速HIV/HCV共感染者的病情进展。     

血液透析患者丙型和庚型肝炎病毒感染的研究

为了解血液透析患者中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)和庚型肝炎病毒(HGV)的感染情况,并探讨相对危险因素,对48例在302医院和武警总医院进行维持性血液透析的患者用逆转录聚合酶链(PCR)反应和酶联免疫法检测了血清中HCV RNA、HGV RNA及其抗体水平。结果显示,抗-HCV和HCV RNA阳     

The epidemiologic feature of HCV prevalence in Fujian

AIM To investigate the epidemiological features of HCV prevalence, a seroepidemiological survey on HCVinfection has been carried out in Fujian since 1992.METHODS Using stratified multistage random cluster sampling, 3809 serum samples collected from 1237families in the diseases surveillance points were tested by UBI HCV EIA kit.RESULTS The results showed that the prevalence rate was 3.99%. The rate in male and female was3.63% and 4.25%, and in urban and rural 3.12% and 4.6% respectively (P>0.05). There was lower ratein children aged under 10 years. The highest rate was in 20 - 24 years old. The rates in different areas wereranged from 1.39% to 6.08% (P<0.05). The intrafamilial transmission was not important, indicating nointrafamilial aggregation. The superinfection of HCV with HAV, HBV and HEV were existed. The HCVinfection was slightly correlated with the history of hepatitis and transfusion.CONCLUSION It suggests that the HCV transmission among the population in Fujian is mainly sporadicinfection.     

HCV infection and its clinical features in recipients of blood screened for HCV (C100-3) antibody

Abstract After adoption of the anti-hepatitis C virus (C100-3) test, the incidences of definite and suspected cases of post-transfusional hepatitis (PTH) were 3.3% (7/209) and 7.2% (15/209), respectively. Four patients with definite PTH and seven patients with suspected PTH became positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related antibodies or HCV-RNA after transfusion. These cases that became positive for anti-HCV or HCV-RNA showed a peak of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) more than 4 weeks after operation. Only rare cases that showed ALT peaks within 4 weeks after operation became positive for HCV-related antibodies or HCV-RNA. The peak ALT levels in cases showing positive conversion tended to be higher than those in cases showing no conversion. Judging from these results, cases of suspected PTH include those of transient liver disease attributable to surgery as well as clear cases of HCV infection. Thus new diagnostic criteria are required including data on HCV antibodies or HCV-RNA.     

HBV/HCV重叠感染的研究进展

HBV是一种嗜肝DNA病毒,HBV DNA和HBV特异P蛋白由核壳包裹成为核心颗粒,再由脂蛋白外膜包裹成完整的病毒颗粒。HCV是黄病毒科病毒,为单股正链RNA。HBV和HCV均由肠道外途径传播,2种病毒常可由相同途径发生感染。归纳了HBV/HCV重叠感染的发病机制、与隐匿性HBV感染和肝细胞癌以及器官移植、HBV疫苗之间的关系,同时介绍了重叠感染的治疗。指出存在于患者体内的HBV和HCV在病毒学方面相互干扰,在病变方面相互叠加。     

不同HCV感染者各区段抗HCV抗体的反应性及HCV-RNA检测结果分析

利用丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）不同区段抗原的单片段酶免疫（ＥＩＡ）试剂及反转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术,对不同ＨＣＶ感染者血清不同区段抗ＨＣＶ抗体及丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸（ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ）进行检测。结果显示,慢性肝炎患者各抗体检出率及Ｓ／Ｃｏ（Ｓ为样品光密度值,Ｃｏ为临界值）值均高,肝癌患者各抗体检出率及ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性率均较低;ＡＬＴ正常而抗ＨＣＶ阳性者各区段抗体阳性率低于急、慢性肝炎患者,而其ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的阳性率高于其他各组;抗－ＮＳ３和抗－Ｃ抗体在各组的检出率和反应性均强。表明抗－Ｃ和抗－ＮＳ３抗体的检测对ＨＣＶ感染最有诊断价值,同时用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术检测血清ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ有助于ＨＣＶ感染的早期诊断     

丙型肝炎核心抗原检测在丙型肝炎诊断中的意义

目的了解丙型肝炎核心抗原（HCV-cAg）检测方法的敏感性及特异性,确定具有临床意义的S/CO值,探讨其在丙型肝炎诊断中的意义。方法使用ELASA方法检测丙型肝炎核心抗原,RT-PCR检测HCV RNA定量,观察不同S/CO值所对应的HCV RNA定量之间的关系,以HCV RNA为诊断金标准,列四格表做诊断实验。结果 HCV-cAg抗原检测的敏感性为87.05%,特异性为76.67%,阳性预测值为96.53%,阴性预测值为44.23%。结论 （1）随着HCV-cAg的S/CO值逐渐增大,其与HCV RNA阳性符合率明显增高,随着HCV-cAg的S/CO值减小,其与HCV RNA阴性符合率明显增高;（2）S/CO值=2可以作为临床判断HCV感染病毒血症存在的一个标准;（3）本实验的敏感性和特异性较好,检测方法简单,可以作为丙型肝炎临床诊断的补充试验及筛查。     

HCV相关HCC中伴随HBV感染的意义

目的了解HCV相关HCC中伴随HBV感染的意义,初步探讨HCV和HBV在HCC的发生中的独立作用或相互作用的机制.方法原位杂交检测HCC中c-myc,H-ras,N-ras和nm23H1的mRNA表达,观察它们在伴随HBV感染组(n=44)与单纯HCV感染组(n=10)之间的差异.结果 H-ras和nm23H1在两组的表达强度有差别,H-ras在C+B组的表达强于C组(P=0.0254),而nm23H1的表达C组强于C+B组(P=0.0158).结论 HBV与HCV能协同影响H-ras的表达;单纯HCV相关HCC组之nm23H1 mRNA表达高于伴随HBV感染组,可能是HCV相关HCC低转移率的机制之一.     

A novel immunocompetent rat model of HCV infection and hepatitis

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects millions of people worldwide. Therapy is limited, and treatment does not produce a sustained response in the majority of patients. Development of new agents has been hampered by the lack of a convenient animal model. The aim of this study was to determine whether an immunocompetent rat, tolerized and transplanted with a human hepatoma cell line (Huh 7 cells), could be used to sustain an HCV infection. METHODS: Fetal rats were tolerized in utero with 10(5) Huh 7 cells. One day after birth, rats were transplanted with 5 x 10(6) Huh 7 cells and, a week later, inoculated with HCV, genotype 1. RESULTS: In tolerized, transplanted, and HCV-infected rats, Huh 7 cells were found in the liver, and HCV viral replication was detected by the presence of negative strand HCV RNA. HCV levels in serum were measured at 11,000 copies/mL at week 4, peaked at 22,500 copies/mL by week 12. In tolerized, transplanted, inoculated rats, but not controls, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values increased to 60 IU/L by week 4 and reached a peak of approximately 120 IU/L by week 13. Histology showed foci of mononuclear infiltrates in portal and central regions. CONCLUSIONS: HCV-inoculated immunocompetent rats tolerized and transplanted with Huh 7 cells support HCV gene expression, viral replication, and develop biochemical and histologic evidence of hepatitis.