缺碘性甲状腺肿动物模型的建立及评价

目的:建立可靠的缺碘性甲状腺肿动物模型.方法:给予4周龄Wistar大鼠低碘饲料和去离子水喂养3个月,全面观察甲状腺各项相关指标的变化.结果:尿碘中位数、甲状腺组织碘和激素含量及血清总甲状腺素水平显著降低,甲状腺相对重量、吸碘率、蛋白水解酶活性和血清甲状腺刺激激素水平显著增加.甲状腺在光镜下呈增生性甲状腺肿的表现.结论:成功建立了缺碘性甲状腺肿动物模型.     

碘化豆油防治地方性甲状腺肿一年效果观察

地方性甲状腺肿的病因主要是缺碘,补给碘就能控制地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病的发生。碘盐虽有良好的防治效果,但是加工、供应、保管等措施不易落实。据最近报告,碘盐也有引起甲亢的危     

重度缺碘地区补碘后碘缺乏病家庭聚集性

为了解家庭因素在碘缺乏病发生中的作用，在一个重度缺碘经补碘１７年后的农村地区选取典型地方性甲状腺肿与克汀病病例１６人（病例组），同时配对选择居住同一村庄、同年龄性别的非地方性甲状腺肿与克汀病病例１６人为对照（对照组）。     

15例地方性克汀病患者甲状腺吸碘功能的观察

克汀病是胎儿或幼儿时期甲状腺的解剖异常或功能障碍所引起。克汀病的病因问题比较复杂,地方性克汀病流行在地方性甲状腺肿流行区,凡甲状腺肿发病率高的地区,克汀病的发病率亦高,克汀病患者的父母常是甲状腺肿患者。利用放射性碘~(131)可以测定甲状腺的吸碘功能,对于克汀病的病因问题提供了不少资料,但是用碘~(131)测定克汀病患者的吸碘率时往往会遇到一些困难,因患者智力低     

我国口服碘油研究概况

缺碘性地方性甲状腺肿(地甲肿)和地方性克汀病(地克)是由于地质变迁造成土壤缺碘而引起的一种地球化学性疾病,遍布于世界各国。针对该病根本原因是缺碘,故防治措施主要是补充碘质。补碘最好的办法是食盐加碘,这已为国內外多年防治实践所证实。但有些地区和国家不能销售碘盐,或者因制订的法律和防治计划没有落实执行,     

2009年河南省焦作市城区婴幼儿尿碘监测分析

碘缺乏病是一个世界性的地方病,指由于自然环境碘缺乏而造成胚胎发育到成人期由于摄入碘不足所引起的一组有关联疾病的总称。在不同年龄段人群和缺碘量的不同,有不同的表现。主要表现有地方性甲状腺肿、地方性克汀病、地方性亚临床克汀病、单纯性聋哑、先天性畸形等。全球约有三分之一的人受碘缺乏病威胁。     

孝义市2010年碘盐监测结果分析

碘缺乏病是由于自然环境中水、食物中含碘过低,人体摄入碘不足而导致的一种地方病.碘缺乏病不仅能引起地方性甲状腺肿(俗称大脖子病)和地方克汀病,其对人体最大的危害是造成智力损害,甚至智力残疾,孕妇缺碘可导致流产、早产、死产和先天畸形儿[1].     

地方性甲状腺肿和地方性克汀病防治要点

<正> 地方性甲状腺肿(简称地甲病)发生于世界各地,主要发病原因是外环境缺碘,碘掇入不足而致甲状腺代偿性增大。严重时使甲状腺激素形成不足,其子代可发生地方性克汀病(地克病),胚胎期脑发育不全为主,出生后精神发育迟缓,智力障碍,体格发育不良,神经系统受损。近年来把由缺碘引起的上述疾病,概称碘缺乏病     

安徽省霍山县太平公社地方性甲状腺肿、克汀病调查研究

受检5145人,普查率为92.2％。调查结果,甲状腺肿患病率为22,7％;7至14岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为46.90—50.95％。甲状腺肿患者年龄分布呈15—19岁组和50—59岁组二个高峰。地方性克汀病患病率为2.7％,属神经型。克汀病患者中30—39岁组占总数的54％。血清T_4、T_3、TSH放射免疫分析和尿碘测定结果大多数于正常范围。饮用水含碘量测定,其平均值为0.825微克碘/升,甚低。加碘食盐的含碘量测定,平均值为4.85微克碘/公斤,低于标准。两病的患病率间呈正相关关系,而与水碘含量呈负相关关系。调查表明两病的病因基础是缺碘。     

实验证明酪蛋白可预防各种原因引起的地方性甲状腺肿

地方性甲状腺肿是一种常见病和多发病 ,我国地方性甲状腺肿病人约有 30 0 0万。缺碘是引起该病的主要原因 ,但摄碘过多可导致高碘性甲状腺肿 ;如日本的北海道和我国河北、天津的某些地方。还有一些地方 ,食物中由于存在甲硫咪唑等致甲状腺肿大的物质 ,也可引起地方性甲状腺肿。河南省医科大学附属第一附院内分泌研究室欧阳安教授领头的研究小组 ,用动物实验的方法 ,分别研究了酪蛋白对缺碘性甲状腺肿、高碘性甲状腺肿、致甲状腺肿物质引起的甲状腺肿的抑制作用 ,并探讨了作用机制。结果显示 ,高蛋白质营养可改善大鼠的甲状腺结构 ,抑制甲状…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.