韦尼克脑病20例临床分析

目的探讨韦尼克脑病(Wernicke’s encephalopathy,WE)的病因、发病机制、临床表现及治疗,提高对韦尼克脑病的认识和早期临床诊断率,减少临床误诊率。方法对济宁医学院附属医院肾内科、消化科、产科、神经内科、胃肠外科2005-01—2015-12收治的20例(男12例,女8例,年龄21～72岁)WE患者的病史、临床特征、诊断、治疗以及预后进行分析。结果饮酒为韦尼克脑病最常见的病因,临床表现多种多样,典型的临床表现为眼球运动麻痹、共济失调和意识精神障碍三大主征,但典型的WE"三联征"很少同时出现,20例患者中只有2例(10%)表现为典型的三联征。绝大多数患者经大剂量补充维生素B_1后疗效显著。结论 WE病因及临床表现复杂多样,早期诊断十分困难,颅脑MRI可作为诊断此病的重要辅助检查。及时大量补充维生素B_1可以明显改善患者预后情况。     

35例韦尼克脑病临床分析

目的探讨韦尼克脑病(Wernicke’s encephalopathy,WE)的病因、临床表现、磁共振特征、误诊原因和治疗转归。方法回顾性分析我院2012年10月~2015年6月收治的35例WE患者的临床资料。结果饮酒是WE最常见原因,其次是胃、胆囊、胰腺病变导致呕吐和进食差。具有典型的精神意识障碍、眼肌麻痹、共济失调三联征者占11.4%,具备三联征中两项者占42.9%,仅有三联征中一项者占45.7%。头部MRI可见双侧丘脑、侧脑室周围、导水管周围、第三脑室、四脑室旁、乳头体、皮质、胼胝体等部位对称性异常信号。本组患者的误诊率达60%,其中酒精中毒性WE误诊率为54.17%,非酒精中毒性WE误诊率为72.73%。住院期间91.42%患者(32/35)好转,8.58%患者无好转。出院5 m时9例失访,随访的26例中6例死亡(死亡率23.07%),13例痊愈(50%),5例遗留记忆力障碍,2例完全卧床。结论 WE病因及临床表现多样,MRI有特征性改变,但早期误诊率高,预后与是否诊断和治疗及时密切相关。     

典型韦尼克脑病1例

正1病例患者男性,55岁,因"大量饮酒30年,性格改变伴记忆力下降3年"入院。30年前因工作原因出现饮酒,为社交性,每次饮52°白酒约50~100 g/次,每次均和他人一起饮酒,至3年前酒量逐渐增加至400 g/d,未诉有特殊躯体不适及精神上的依赖,3年前,出现晨起饮酒,喝寡酒,从早上喝到晚上,最少400 g/d,最多600 g/d,并逐渐出现了手抖、头晕、心慌、     

低血糖脑病48例临床分析

本文总结近年我院诊断明确的48例低血糖脑病患者的发病原因、临床表现、治疗及转归，以提高对该病的警惕，早期明确诊断并减少并发症的发生。     

韦尼克脑病误诊为精神分裂症1例

本文报道了1例误诊为精神分裂症的韦尼克脑病病例。患者1月余前在当地精神专科医院住院,诊断为精神分裂症。12天前逐渐出现流涎、进食困难、双手发抖、行走不稳、舌后坠等情况,按照药物不良反应处理后效果差,并出现意识障碍。转入我院并完善检查后考虑为韦尼克脑病合并周围神经病,因患者病情进展,家属放弃治疗、要求出院,患者于院外死亡。通过本案例报道,旨在提高对精神障碍患者韦尼克脑病的认识和早期预防,以改善预后。     

急性腹泻继发韦尼克脑病1例

1临床资料患者,女,38岁,于25d前出现腹泻,次日发现呼之不应,口吐白沫,小便失禁,四肢抽搐,至当地医院就诊,测体温38．5℃,血糖低于正常（具体不详）,血清钾3．15mmol／L,血清钠123．3mmol／L,腰穿结果“正常”（具体不详）,头颅CT示“脑水肿”,予“补糖、醒脑静”等治疗,后因反复肢体抽搐、双眼上翻、     

饮酒致韦尼克脑病的护理干预

现将我科近年来在韦尼克脑病(wernicke encephalopathy,WE)护理工作的经验介绍如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料2002-06~2006-12我科收治确诊饮酒所致韦尼克脑病患者15例。均为男性,年龄30~55岁,其中农民3例,工人5例,无固定职业4例,干部3例;文盲1例,小学文化程度3例,初中文化程度8     

Wernicke脑病6例临床分析

Ｗｅｒｎｉｃｋｅ脑病是由于维生素Ｂ１缺乏引起的中枢神经系统综合征。本文就６例病人的临床表现，病因，ＭＲＩ，诊断和治疗方面，结合文献资料进行回顾性分析。     

非酒精性韦尼克脑病的临床与MRI影像特征

目的非酒精性韦尼克脑病(Wernicke encehalopathy,WE)易误诊,本文旨在提高对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析6例非酒精性WE患者临床及MRI特征。结果 6例患者均出现不同程度的意识障碍,其中仅2例表现为经典的三联征。6例患者均出现双侧对称性丘脑内侧、脑室及导水管周围、中脑顶盖异常信号典型表现,同时2例深昏迷患者分别表现出弥漫性皮层及面神经核受累。随访患者平均恢复时间为7.5个月,而MRI则为2.8个月。2例深昏迷患者预后较差,1例患者死亡,另1例2年后仍遗留严重四肢痉挛性瘫痪,并伴智能低下。2例深昏迷患者DWI上表现为广泛高信号。结论 MRI可为非酒精性WE提供早期诊断,而病变累及广泛皮层及颅神经核可能提示较差的预后,同时DWI序列可能有一定的预后作用。     

MRI对非乙醇中毒性韦尼克脑病的诊断价值(附五例临床分析)

目的 分析非乙醇中毒性韦尼克脑病(WE)患者的临床和颅脑MRI成像特点,探讨颅脑MRI对其的诊断价值. 方法 深圳市第二人民医院放射科自2007年6月至2010年2月应用MRI检查非乙醇中毒性WE患者5例,回顾性分析患者的临床特征、颅脑MRI成像特点及治疗转归等资料. 结果 非乙醇中毒性WE患者缺乏特征性临床表现,颅脑MRI主要表现为丘脑内侧,侧脑室,第三脑室,中脑导水管周围脑组织对称性高信号,2例患者可见大脑皮层受累.增强扫描后部分病变可见强化.2例患者死亡,3例患者应用维生素B1治疗后预后良好. 结论 颅脑MRI对非乙醇中毒性WE具有诊断价值,其显示的损害范围可反映WE的疾病严重程度.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the clinical features and MR imaging features of patients with nonalcoholic Wemicke's encephalopathy (WE). Methods A retrospective review of the data,consisting of clinical and cranial MRI features, and the treatment results, was conducted on 5 patients with nonalcoholic WE, who admitted to our hospital fiom June 2007 to February 2010. Results The clinical features of nonalcoholic WE were non-characterized and most of them had no specific value for diagnosis. MR imaging showed symmetrical high signal in the medial thalamus, lateral ventricle, third ventricle and surrounding area of the aqueduct of midbrain; involvement of the cerebral cortex was found in 2 patients. Enhancement in some of the lesions was noted after performing contrast-enhanced scan.Favorable prognosis was given to the 3 patients treated with vitamin B1; 2 patients died. Conclusion Cerebral MRI enjoys great value in diagnosing nonalcoholic WE and reflects appropriately the pathological severity of this disease by demonstrating the scope of the lesions.     

Wernicke脑病12例临床分析

目的探讨Wernicke脑病患者的临床特点。方法回顾性分析12例Wernicke脑病患者的临床表现、实验室检查及影像学检查等临床资料。结果 12例Wernicke脑病患者男性6例,女性6例;有明确病因的患者为9例,如禁食、饮食差;恶心、呕吐、嗜酒;临床以"三主征"中的2个主征最多,为7例,1个主征得为4例,"三主征"仅为1例;辅助检查以头颅MR检查最有意义,12例患者中有6例出现典型的头颅MRI信号改变即短或等T1、长T2异常信号,多位于丘脑、小脑及中脑导水管周围;经维生素B1补充治疗后患者的症状有不同程度的好转。结论禁食、饮酒等诱因、临床表现及典型的头颅MR表现可为临床上该病的早期诊断提供重要线索。早期进行维生素B1的补充治疗在临床上可达到显著的疗效。     

非酒精性Wernicke脑病二例

目的探讨Wernicke脑病患者的临床和影像学特点。方法分析2例非酒精性Wernicke脑病患者的临床资料。结果 2例患者均为消化道晚期肿瘤行手术治疗、术后有营养不均衡、发病前有葡萄糖注射液补液史。2例患者均有意识障碍和典型的头颅MRI信号改变,即双侧丘脑内侧、中脑顶盖及导水管周围的高T_2信号;维生素B_1补充治疗后患者的症状有不同程度的好转。结论导致维生素B_1缺乏的高危因素、临床表现及典型的头颅MRI表现是临床上Wernicke脑病早期诊断的重要线索。早期足量维生素B_1治疗效果好。高危患者应注意预防Wernicke脑病的发生。     

Wernicke脑病的临床、影像学及病理特点

目的探讨Wernicke脑病的临床、影像学及病理特点。方法回顾性分析10例Wernicke脑病患者的临床、影像学及病理资料。结果本组10例均非乙醇中毒患者,临床表现为不同程度的精神及意识障碍9例,首发症状为眩晕、恶心和呕吐6例,眼肌瘫痪5例,低血压3例,共济失调2例,严重的周围神经病变1例。5例行头颅MRI检查,3例表现为第三、四脑室及中脑导水管周围对称性的长T1长T2异常信号,2例无阳性发现。经补充维生素B1明显好转4例,死亡5例,放弃治疗1例。5例尸检脑部表现为第三、四脑室及中脑导水管周围灰质充血、水肿和点状出血。结论Wernicke脑病临床表现不典型,MRI检查可为Wernicke脑病的早期诊断提供帮助,及早补充维生素B1是治疗的关键。     

颅脑MRI检查在非乙醇中毒性韦尼克脑病诊断中的价值

目的评价颅脑MRI检查在非乙醇中毒性韦尼克脑病(WE)诊断中的价值。方法对6例非乙醇中毒性WE患者的临床特征、颅脑MRI影像及治疗转归等资料进行分析。结果本组颅脑MRI显示．丘脑内侧及侧脑室、第三脑室、中脑导水管周围脑组织对称性T2W及Flair成像异常高信号,1例成为持续性植物状态的患者伴有部分皮质T2W及Flair成像异常高信号。随访显示4例康复患者,随临床表现好转其颅脑MRI异常信号逐渐消失,1例持续性植物状态患者随访2年,异常信号无变化：结论顷脑MRI对非乙醇中毒性WE具有诊断价值,其显示的损害范围可反映WE患者的疾病严重程度。     

Wernicke's encephalopathy in infancy

Summary Wernicke's encephalopathy documented by characteristic involvement of the mammillary bodies developed in a premature infant during parenteral nutrition. This case illustrates the need for thiamine supplementation in seriously ill patients with inadequate intake of the vitamin.     

Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum

A report is presented on a patient with Wernicke's encephalopathy secondary to hyperemesis gravidarum. The 25-year-old female presented 11 weeks into pregnancy with prolonged vomiting. Neurological examination 8 weeks later demonstrated obtunded sensations, nystagmus and ataxia of gait. MR imaging revealed bilateral lesions in the mediodorsal nuclei of thalami, in the hypothalamus and in the periaqueductal gray matter (1). The neurological signs and the MRI findings pointed to a diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy. The patient was treated with intramuscular vitamin B1 followed by oral thiamine until the end of pregnancy. The subsequent course of the pregnancy was uncomplicated, and resulted in the delivery of a healthy 2970 g male infant. A review of the literature published during the last 30 years revealed an additional 20 cases of Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum. Only half of these pregnancies resulted in the birth of a normal infant.     

Vascular changes in acute Wernicke's encephalopathy

The nature and distribution of vascular changes in acute Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) were analyzed in three autopsy cases. Lesions of the lateral vestibular nucleus of the medulla oblongata (three cases) and lateral ventricular wall (one case) were examined by reconstruction of 200 serial sections, and the capillary diameter in the tegmentum of the medulla oblongata was measured morphometrically in all cases. The vascular changes commonly found in and around the parenchymal lesions in all cases were: (1) dilatation and endothelial swelling of almost all vessels ranging from small arteries to veins, being especially severe with undulation in small arteries and arterioles, and (2) fibrinoid degeneration and hemorrhage involving selectively the arterioles and capillaries on the arterial side. These vascular changes in the medulla oblongata were essentially the same as those in the third ventricular wall, but differed in their severity. Capillary diameter in these cases was significantly larger than that in seven control cases. Such vascular changes, especially a dysoric change on the arterial side, could not be ascribed to secondary change following changes in the parenchyma, and were, therefore, considered to be a lesion essential to WE, as in the case of the parenchymal lesion.     

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in Wernicke's encephalopathy

OBJECTIVE: To report diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings and postulate the pathogenic mechanism of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE). PATIENT: A 47-year-old-woman presented with altered consciousness, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. DWI revealed the abnormal signal changes in periaqueductal gray matter, mamillary bodies and bilateral medial thalami. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map revealed the high signal intensity lesions in bilateral medial thalami, suggestive of vasogenic edema. The abnormal signal intensity lesions disappeared on follow-up imaging with clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Vasogenic edema plays an important role in the pathogenesis of WE and can be reversed by proper management. DWI findings in the early stage of WE may provide useful information about the prognosis.     

缺氧性脑病16例报告

目的　探讨缺氧性脑病的临床特征。方法　回顾分析 16例缺氧性脑病的病因、主要临床表现、磁共振成像 (MRI)结果、治疗方法及疗效。结果　 16例均有明确的脑缺氧病史。临床主要表现意识障碍、锥体外系症状、锥体束征、精神症状、智能减退及去皮层综合征 ,部分病人呈迟发性脑病表现。头颅MRI检查主要见两侧基底节区对称性异常信号 ,呈长T1长T2 改变。本组多数病人经对症、神经营养、改善脑循环、高压氧仓等治疗 ,脑受损症状基本消失或好转。结论　认识缺氧性脑病有助于该病得到及时合理的治疗 ;头颅MRI检查对缺氧性脑病有重要诊断价值。