A blepharoplasty technique for refinement of oriental eyelid with lateral fold

A slitted palpebral opening with slightly upturned lateral corner of the eye is one of the important aesthetic characteristics of Oriental eyelids. However, this characteristic often becomes distorted from middle age onward owing to growing of the lateral fold, or plica malopalpebralis superioris, a condition that does not apply to the Oriental eyelid alone. A technique is presented for creation of a superior palpebral sulcus with lateral-lifting and simultaneous removal of the lateral fold in blepharoplasty for youthful refinement of an Oriental eyelid with lateral fold.     

Double eyelid operations

The double eyelid in the Chinese population is a desirable physical feature, which is now increasingly popular and demands modern up-to-date aesthetic operations for its formation. The author describes 3 types of double eyelid operations, e.g., the ligation method, the incision method, and the skin grafting method. The advantages, disadvantages, and indications for each of these methods are evaluated and discussed. The creation of a double eyelid from an anatomic point of view is especially emphasized, with the illustrations of the anatomy and the operation made by the senior author.     

眼轮匝肌层间分离重睑成形术治疗青少年上睑倒睫的临床疗效

目的探讨眼轮匝肌层间分离重睑成形术治疗青少年上睑倒睫的临床疗效。方法采用3点式皮肤切开．做肌间及肌下双层面隧道式分离,去除预设重睑线下至睑缘上方1mm范围的深部眼轮匝肌及肌下组织,缝合固定浅层眼轮匝肌于上睑提肌腱膜。对上睑睫毛做3等份分区,分别测量睫毛的方位,即睫毛根部提升角（lift—upangle,LA）、睫毛体部卷曲角（bodycurl—upangle,BC）、睫毛末端卷曲角（endcurlupangle,EC）,将将测量数据做定量分析。结果57例114只眼术后24个月时,I区睫毛LA由术前的（26．37±9．67）°提升到术后的（55．42±10．03）°（P〈0．01）,11区睫毛LA由术前的（22．03±11．64）°提升到术后的（50．03±10．02）°（P〈0．01）,Ⅲ区睫毛LA由术前的（25．31±8．01）°提升到术后的（64．05±8．33）°（P〈0．01）,BC及EC在手术前后无明显变化（P〉0．01）。结论针对青少年上睑倒睫的患眼,采用眼轮匝肌层间分离重睑成形术的方法治疗,可获得较为美观的重睑形态和理想的消除倒睫的睫毛位置。     

The eyelid crease approach to angular dermoid cysts in pediatric general surgery

Purpose

We recently adopted an approach described by eyelid surgeons for angular dermoid cyst excision. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of this technique with that accomplished through a conventional trans-eyebrow incision.

Methods

Prospective nonrandomized study of 34 consecutive children treated between January 2000 and December 2006. Twenty-six patients (group I) were operated on through a trans-eyebrow incision, whereas 8 (group II) received an upper eyelid crease incision. Performance measures included cosmesis, operative time, and complications. Cosmesis was assessed blindly with comparative photographs, using a 100-mm visual analog scale.

Results

No significant differences were found between groups I and II with regard to age at surgery (22 ± 17 vs 24 ± 4 months; P = .07) and operative time (42 ± 21 vs 40 ± 16 minutes; P = .9). In group II, the scar resulted invisible when the affected side was assessed with the eye open and still significantly better than group I, when evaluated with the eye closed (96 ± 7 vs 81 ± 18 mm; P = .0001). All patients and their families reported great satisfaction and an excellent scar. There were neither major postoperative complications nor recurrence of the lesion.

Conclusions

Angular dermoid cyst excision using an eyelid crease approach yields excellent cosmesis and represents a safe, simple, and easily reproducible procedure in pediatric general surgical practice.     

睑袋整复术后下睑退缩的矫正

目的：探讨矫正睑袋整复术后并发的下睑退缩的理想方法。方法：对5例（8只眼）下睑退缩较轻者，单纯施行经眦眦固定术缩紧外眦腱使下睑缘上移复位；对15例（27只眼）下睑退缩较重者，施行经眦紫固定术同时行Hamra释放弓状缘和保留眶脂肪的下睑成形术，以在缩紧外眦腱的同时松解下睑眶隔和眶脂肪层的瘢痕挛缩，悬吊眼轮匝肌及提升中面部皮肤补充下睑前层不足。结果：术后14例（25只眼）得到6－12个月的随访，除1例（1只眼）较重的下睑退缩矫正不全外，其余均获得满意效果。结果：①经眦眦固定术是矫正轻度下睑退缩简单而有效的方法；②施行经眦眦固定术同时行Hamra下睑成形术是矫正较重度下睑退缩的理想选择。     

The surgical management of upper eyelid hooding

A technique is described that aesthetically corrects brow ptosis and upper eyelid hooding in selected patients. This procedure is performed through a standard upper eyelid blepharoplasty incision and addresses the common findings of soft tissue fullness below the brow due to excessive suborbicularis fat and hypertrophied orbicularis oculi muscle.Presented at IXth Congress of the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, New York New York October 1987Presented at 20th annual meeting of The American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Los Angeles, California, March 1987     

The lateral fat compartment of the lower eyelid

A rather common omission in technique results in leaving the lateral fat compartment of the lower lid partially or totally untouched, which results in a deformity in an otherwise excellent blepharoplasty. This leads to unhappiness in patients. Prevention of this condition is easily attained by a change in the direction of the incision over the orbicularis muscle. Once the condition has occurred, a simple direct surgical approach resolves the problem.Past Senior and Chief of Plastic Surgery Division at the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, and Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, Los Angeles, California. Retired member of the Faculty of University of Southern California School of Medicine, Plastic Surgery Division, Los Angeles, California     

睑缘上切口重睑成形术的探讨

目的 探讨切开法重睑成形术之切痕隐蔽,以提高手术效果.方法 50例采用在睑缘上近睫毛根部的睑缘切口,剪除睑板前大部分疏松组织,做5针切口上唇真皮与睑板的内固定缝合.适当剪除切口上唇宽1～3 mm的皮肤.另50例为对照组,采用常规切口在距睑缘上6～8 mm处切开,剪除睑板前大部分疏松组织,做5针切口下唇皮肤与睑板的固定缝合.结果 5 d拆线时,睑缘切口者肿胀均较常规切口者轻,切痕隐蔽,重睑外形均颇满意,睫毛无损伤.常规切口者则切痕明显可见.结论 对比两种切口的重睑成形术,睑缘上切口者优势在于切痕隐蔽、手术创伤小、肿胀轻.但手术操作难点在于,缝合固定真皮与睑板使两侧重睑线圆滑弧度对称良好.     

眼袋整形的术式选择及并发症预防

自１９８６年５月至１９９５年５月，９年间根据眼袋发生机制在施行眼袋整形术２３８例过程中，将眼袋分为Ⅰ型：即单纯皮肤松弛型；Ⅱ型：皮肤、眼轮匝肌松弛型；Ⅲ型：单纯下睑眶内脂肪膨出型；Ⅳ型：皮肤、眼轮匝肌松弛伴眶内脂肪膨出型。另外，将青年眼轮匝肌肥厚所致者称为眼轮匝肌肥厚型。因分型不同，应采取不同的手术方式。对各种手术方式的选择及注意事项进行了讨论。     

Celebrity Arcade Suture Blepharoplasty for Double Eyelid

Background In Taiwan, double-eyelid surgery is the most popular cosmetic surgical procedure. The technique preferred by plastic surgeons is the incision method because it is believed that this method can provide stable double-eyelid results. It is the authors’ observation that patients prefer an invagination fold rather than a significantly high fold. Suture blepharoplasty may create a relatively even and symmetric invagination fold. In the past, the major disadvantage of the suture technique has been the opinion that the double fold fades away. Methods The celebrity arcade suture (CAS) technique was applied in double-eyelid operations. The CAS technique includes three major techniques: stabbing incision, transtarsal suture, and bridge connection. The whole procedure can be completed in 15 min. From June 2001 to November 2004, 312 patients underwent the CAS technique. Results Of the 312 patients who underwent the CAS technique, 5 required a revisit, with 3 of these returning patients reporting fold disappearance. These three patients received repeat suture procedures. Conclusions The findings show that the CAS technique is a reliable method for establishing a smooth, constant, and symmetric double eyelid, and that CAS requires only a short recovery time.     

睑板提紧术防治下睑袋整形术后睑退缩及外翻

目的为了预防和降低下睑袋整形术后睑退缩和睑外翻等并发症的发生。方法我们自1991年以来,采用睑板提紧术(The tarsal tuck procedure)的方法。结果可以拉紧及稳定下睑,取得了预期的效果。结论大多数睑袋(除原发性睑袋外)发生的病理解剖基础是下睑支持结构的退行性变,致下睑及外眦松弛下移,这是造成术后睑退缩和睑外翻的基本潜伏因素。通过临床实践,我们认为睑板提紧术是针对这一病理改变所进行的手术设计,确认可靠有效,值得推广。     

内眦赘皮矫正同期小切口重睑成形术

目的探讨内眦赘皮矫正术与小切口重睑成形术联合美容手术方法的可行性。方法在设计小切口重睑成形术的同时,在内眦部设计新型的“Z”形切口内眦赘皮矫正术（无皮瓣交错）,上睑的切开线重叠于重睑线,下睑隐藏于睑缘。结果全组56例,均获得令人满意的美学重睑形态和内眦部的良好形状效果。结论由于术式使用小切口的重睑形成方法的同时,采用了内眦赘皮矫正方法,最大限度地减少瘢痕,该手术方法设计简单、操作容易、符合生理要求、术后重睑及内眦形象良好。     

重睑成形术后重睑过宽粘连畸形的修复

目的 探索重睑成形术后重睑过宽粘连畸形的修复方法.方法 重新设计重睑线宽度为6～8 mm,去除上睑瘢痕性皮肤1～2 mm,彻底松解局部粘连,利用眶隔脂肪瓣,邻近眼轮匝肌肌瓣、眼轮匝肌下脂肪垫及脂肪颗粒注射,充填上睑凹陷粘连区,重新缝合.结果 共修复16例患者20侧上睑,其中利用上睑眶隔脂肪瓣修复2例2侧,眼轮匝肌肌瓣修复3例4侧.眼轮匝肌下脂肪垫修复8例10侧,脂肪颗粒注射充填3例4侧.术后随访12例,10例14侧医患双方满意,2例2侧患者可以接受.结论 利用眶隔脂肪瓣、眼轮匝肌肌瓣、眼轮匝肌下脂肪垫、脂肪颗粒注射充填修复重睑过宽粘连畸形有效可行.     

眶隔缩紧在改善睑袋整复效果中的作用

目的：评价缩紧眶隔在提高睑袋整复效果中的作用。方法：①采用经皮肤入路下睑成形术切口，在眼轮匝肌与眶隔之间剥离至眼轮匝肌下缘，形成皮肤-肌肉瓣。②向下牵拉皮肤-肌肉瓣，显露眶隔与眶下缘。③沿眶下缘剪开眶隔，释放眶内脂肪，如眶内脂肪过多，可做部分切除。④将眶隔下缘连带眶脂肪下缘缝合固定于眶下缘下方3--5mm处的骨膜上，以缩紧眶隔和填充眶下缘前方的凹陷区。⑤切除多余的皮肤与肌肉，缝合切口。结果自1999年以来，共施术52例，其中27例患者随访3～12个月，除1例术后因发生下睑退缩做第2次手术矫正外，其余均获得满意的美容效果。结论眶隔紧缩对提高睑袋整复的美容效果具有重要作用和意义，应视为继发性睑袋整复术的一个重要步骤。     

改良Park法重睑成形术治疗轻度上睑下垂的临床效果

探讨改良Park法重睑成形术治疗轻度上睑下垂的临床效果。方法 选取北京原力医疗美容诊所2018年1月-2022年12月收治的52例轻度上睑下垂患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组26例。对照组接受传统上睑下垂矫正术治疗,观察组接受改良Park法重睑成形术治疗,比较两组睑裂指标、重睑效果及并发症发生情况。结果 两组术后睑裂高度高于术前（P ＜0.05）,观察组高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）;两组术后睑裂宽度低于术前（P ＜0.05）,观察组低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）;两组术后重睑形态、双侧重睑对称、眼睑恢复情况评分及总评分高于术前,且观察组高于对照组（P ＜0.05）;观察组并发症发生率为3.85%,低于对照组的30.77%（P＜0.05）。结论 采用改良Park法重睑成形术治疗轻度上睑下垂可有效改善睑裂情况,重睑效果较佳,同时可减少并发症发生几率,安全性较高。     

多方法合用修复睑袋术后并发严重下睑外翻

目的 睑袋术后并发严重下睑外翻是一种难以修复的畸形，探讨以多种方法联合应用修复严重下睑外翻的手术效果。方法 对于严重下睑外翻，应用颢浅动脉额支为蒂的额部岛状皮瓣转移、下睑水平缩短及下睑埋没导引缝合等多种方法予以修复。结果 2001年3月至2004年3月之间，应用上述方法共修复10例15只因下睑袋整形而导致的严重下睑外翻。对于大多数病例，应用额部岛状皮瓣转移修复即可。但对于更严重的外翻则需要同时进行下睑水平缩短和下睑板埋没导引缝合这几种方法的联合应用才能取得有效的修复效果。结论 颞浅动脉额支为蒂的额部岛状皮瓣转移、下睑水平缩短和下睑板的埋没导引缝合这三种方法联合应用可以可靠而稳妥地修复睑袋整形手术后并发的严重下睑外翻。     

睑缘缩短法治疗睑袋切除术后致睑外翻畸形

目的 探讨睑缘缩短术对睑袋切除术后致睑外翻畸形的治疗效果。方法 应用睑缘楔形切除术、睑缘劈开楔形切除术和不对等睑缘楔形切除术，使睑缘缩短而矫正睑外翻畸形15例(18只眼)。结果 15例患者中13例(15只眼)术后7天睑外翻矫正，2例(3只眼)术后7天时仍有轻度睑球分离，经过物理治疗1个月后基本恢复。结论 睑缘缩短术是一种手术简单、损伤小、恢复时间短的睑外翻矫正方法，值得推广。     

睑板提紧术防治下睑袋整形术后睑退缩及外翻

目的为了预防和降低下睑袋整形术后睑退缩和睑外翻等并发症的发生。方法我们自１９９１年以来,采用睑板提紧术（Ｔｈｅｔａｒｓａｌｔｕｃｋｐｒｏｃｅｄｕｒｅ）的方法。结果可以拉紧及稳定下睑,取得了预期的效果。结论大多数睑袋（除原发性睑袋外）发生的病理解剖基础是下睑支持结构的退行性变,致下睑及外眦松弛下移,这是造成术后睑退缩和睑外翻的基本潜伏因素。通过临床实践,我们认为睑板提紧术是针对这一病理改变所进行的手术设计,确认可靠有效,值得推广。     

综合提紧法睑袋矫治成形术

目的为提高睑袋成形术的效果，延长有效时间，从理论与实际观察探讨下睑袋的形成原因及病理改变，采取相应手术矫正；尝试综合提紧睑袋切除成形。方法在局麻下，沿下睑缘作切口并在外眦部向外下方延长约５ｍｍ，切口与外眦夹角约１３５°，皮下潜行剥离至骨性眶缘，形成皮瓣；在眶隔膜表面分离形成与皮瓣形态一致的眼轮匝肌瓣；如疝出的眶隔脂肪量较多，可适量切除，一般尽量将疝出的眶隔脂肪还纳复位，横纵向折叠缝合眶隔以增加张力；向外上方提紧眼轮匝肌瓣，据情适量楔形切除一块眼轮匝肌缝合以加强下睑的支撑力；最后嘱受术者睁眼向上看并大张嘴，在下睑张力最大的情况下切除多余的皮肤。结果本组共４５例，男性１０例，女性３５例，年龄３５～６７岁，随访２２例３个月至２年，除１例因眼轮匝肌切除过多而产生轻度下睑退缩外，其余均效果满意持久。结论综合提紧法睑袋矫治术，是针对下睑衰老机理及表现而进行的一种手术设计，可提高手术效果并延长有效时间