共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
目的 先天性成骨不全(OI)的主要临床表现为骨矿化过程不良,骨量丢失,骨骼畸形和骨折.但是其发病机理,尤其在其骨再建过程中成骨细胞(OB)及破骨细胞(OC)的功能改变尚不清楚.本实验以先天性成骨不全小鼠模型,oim/oim为基础,应用破骨细胞-颅骨联合培养体系研究OB和OC两种细胞在骨再建过程中的功能改变和相互作用.方法 本实验采用小鼠颅骨(CAL)组织培养模型.本模型采用颅骨组织培养,利用颅骨中成骨细胞可以从颅骨片游离出到培养皿及颅骨表面,从而支持培养皿及颅骨表面前体破骨细胞分化成为成熟破骨细胞,并吸收颅骨产生吸收陷窝.本实验中,共2组颅骨-破骨细胞联合培养体系:(1) 对照组(WT)颅骨与对照破骨细胞(WTCAL-WTOC);(2) OI颅骨与OI破骨细胞(OICAL-OIOC).联合培养颅骨及骨髓组织14日后,以TRAP免疫组化染色方法识别破骨细胞,ALP免疫组化染色方法识别成骨细胞,计算OC/OB.破骨细胞骨吸收活性以颅骨表面骨吸收陷窝占颅骨表面百分比并除以培养系统中的破骨细胞数表达.结果 第14日,OICAL-OIOC组的破骨细胞数低于WTCAL-WTOC组(92.50+23.18/mm2 对比 379.00+ 136.53/mm2,P<0.01); OICAL-OIOC组的OC/OB明显低于WTCAL-WTOC组(0.68+0.57对比1.65+0.67,P<0.01);OICAL-OIOC组OI破骨细胞的吸收能力高于WTCAL-WTOC组(27.76+22.81对比7.32+5.09,P<0.001).结论 oim/oim小鼠破骨细胞-颅骨培养体系中破骨细胞的数目明显减少,成骨细胞支持破骨细胞分化能力减低;但其破骨细胞骨吸收活性明显增强,以代偿成骨细胞功能,维持骨再建过程中成骨过程及骨吸收过程的平衡. 相似文献
2.
骨细胞是骨组织中含量最为丰富、分布最广泛且包埋在矿化骨基质中的细胞,其寿命可接近机体的寿命。骨细胞通过细胞质树突形成骨细胞和骨表面之间相互通信网络系统,对维持骨组织的正常生理功能具有重要意义。骨细胞作为骨机械应力的直接感受器,不仅可以通过释放生物活性因子如PEG2、NO、ATP等以及经典Wnt/β-catenin信号通路将机械应力信号转化为骨形成或骨吸收的生化信号,并且将这些生化信号传递到骨组织其他类型细胞并调控其功能活动,从而引发骨重建功能。骨细胞周围出现的微裂隙会中断微管网络系统,进而引发骨细胞周围自噬。此外,骨细胞对调节体内矿物质平衡、脂肪代谢以及造血功能也极为重要。 相似文献
3.
重组合异种骨移植成骨活性及量效关系的实验研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
观察重组合异种骨的成骨活性及其量效关系。方法采用RBX移植建立BALB/C小鼠股后肌袋模型,术后定期对移植组织进行放射学,病理学及碱性磷酸酶活性检查。结果(1)含不同比例的牛骨形态发生蛋白的RBX组,成活性与bBMP含量呈正相关,存在着剂量依赖关系;(2)RBXI组成骨良好,同样含量的纯bMP组也出现可见的成骨效应,但最终未能成骨;(3)ALP活性以术后7天最高,42例时仍较明显。结论RBX是高效 相似文献
4.
破骨细胞骨吸收的机制S.L.Teitelbaum,X.Cao,C.Li,破骨细胞是单核细胞/巨噬细胞家族的一员,是主要的骨吸收细胞。生成或分离破骨细胞技术的发展使人们了解这些细胞是怎样降解骨组织的。吸收起始于破骨细胞前体附着于骨处,在那里它们变为多核... 相似文献
5.
静脉血营养骨移植实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在动物实验中采用静脉血来营养移植骨瓣,并与正常带血管蒂的骨瓣及常规骨瓣移植对照。通过组织学切片、荧光标记及X线片证实,静脉血营养的骨瓣在骨细胞存活的数量及细胞活性方面不及正常带血管蒂的骨瓣,但明显优于常规骨移植骨瓣。 相似文献
6.
骨细胞(osteocyte)是位于矿化的骨基质中骨的细胞,是骨组织中含量最丰富、分布最广泛的细胞.骨细胞通过细胞突触保持了彼此之间以及骨基质表面的成骨细胞的联系.骨细胞作为骨机械应力的直接感受器,可将机械应力转变为骨形成或骨吸收的信号,并将这些生化信号传递给效应细胞,在骨重建过程中起重要的作用.此外,骨细胞还具有调整体内矿物质平衡作用.对骨细胞的研究,可以为代谢性骨病的治疗探索新途径. 相似文献
7.
人破骨细胞相关受体是一种细胞表面分子,属白细胞受体复合物编码的家族成员,广泛表达于破骨细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、单核源树突状细胞等髓系来源细胞,与破骨细胞分化过程中的重要调控因子相互作用,参与破骨细胞分化,在骨代谢中发挥重要作用,受多种因素调节。同时,破骨细胞相关受体与Fc受体γ链特异性结合,调节免疫反应。 相似文献
8.
骨细胞及其骨代谢功能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
骨细胞来源于成骨细胞,骨细胞相互之间以及与骨表面细胞之间通过间隙连结,胞浆突起及陷窝小管系统彼此相连。本文综述了骨细胞功能的研究进展,并着重对其力学感受功能机理进行了讨论。 相似文献
9.
吻合血管同种异体骨移植后存活状况研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的报道吻合血管同种异体骨移植术后不同时段存活状况。方法建立吻合血管同种异体股骨干移植动物模型,在术后不同时段进行活体解剖,观察血管的通畅度.并切取移植骨进行组织学、电镜及SDH染色检测。结果术后4周对照组血管基本完全闭塞,而实验组术后血管保持通畅。组织学检查显示对照组术后移植骨骨陷窝内骨细胞缺失,哈弗斯管内血管亦消失;而实验组术后骨陷窝内始终有骨细胞充填。电镜表现为对照组术后移植骨出现骨细胞核浓缩.核碎裂,直至骨陷窝内骨细胞丢失;实验组术后骨细胞超微结构正常、对照组术后2周.骨组织SDH染色已无蓝染的骨细胞,而实验组术后可见同心圆排列蓝染的骨细胞。结论在免疫调控下,吻合血管的同种异体骨移植术后供体始终保持活力状态。 相似文献
10.
体外破骨细胞分离培养方法的建立 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:21
本研究采用出生24小时内的新生兔,从其四肢长骨中分离出破骨细胞,与盖玻片、骨磨片共同培养。相差显微镜观察到分离的多核细胞能够移动,并在骨片上形成吸收陷窝,扫描电镜观察到这些吸收陷窝内的胶原原纤维。另外,这些细胞用目前公认的鉴定破骨细胞的标志-酸性磷酸酶和降钙素染色,呈阳性反应。这些结果均表明:分离、培养破骨细胞的实验技术是成功的。 相似文献
11.
The osteocyte is a candidate regulatory cell for bone remodeling. Previously, we demonstrated that there is a substantial (approximately 50%) loss of osteocytes from their lacunae in the cortex of the elderly femoral neck. Higher occupancy was evident in tissue exhibiting high remodeling and high porosity. The present study examines the distribution of osteocytes within individual osteonal systems at differing stages of the remodeling cycle. In 22 subjects, lacunar density, osteocyte density, and their quotient, the percent lacunar occupancy, was assessed up to a distance of 65 μm from the canal surface in six quiescent, resorbing, and forming osteons. In both forming (p = 0.024) and resorbing (p = 0.034) osteons, osteocyte densities were significantly higher in cases of hip fracture than controls. However, there were no significant between-group differences in lacunar occupancy. In both cases and controls, osteocyte density (p < 0.0001; mean difference ±SEM: 157 ± 34/mm2) and lacunar occupancy (p = 0.025; mean difference: 8.1 ± 3.4%) were shown to be significantly higher in forming compared with quiescent osteons. Interestingly, resorbing systems also exhibited significantly elevated osteocyte density in both the fracture and the control group combined (mean difference 76 ± 23/mm2; p = 0.003). Lacunar occupancy was also greater in resorbing compared with quiescent osteons (both groups combined: p = 0.022; mean difference: 5.7 ± 2.3%). Elevated osteocyte density and lacunar occupancy in forming compared with quiescent systems was expected because of the likely effects of aging on quiescent osteons. However, the higher levels of these parameters in resorbing compared with quiescent systems was the opposite of what we expected and suggests that, in addition to their postulated mechanosensory role in the suppression of remodeling and bone loss, osteocytes might also contribute to processes initiating or maintaining bone resorption. 相似文献
12.
Etienne G Bezwada HP Hungerford DS Mont MA 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》2004,(428):241-246
The treatment of large osteolytic lesions is a challenge during acetabular revisions. Periprosthetic bone loss can compromise the stability of new implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 5- to 10-year clinical and radiographic results of morselized bone grafting for acetabular osteolysis during cementless acetabular revisions. Ninety-nine patients (108 hips) who had an acetabular revision hip arthroplasty for osteolysis were retrospectively reviewed. There were 44 men and 55 women who had a mean age of 66 years. At the index revision, the acetabular defects were debrided of granulomatous tissue and packed tightly with morselized cancellous femoral head allograft. All the revision acetabular components were implanted using cementless fixation. At a mean followup of 85 months (range, 60-118 months), the results of 103 of 108 hips (95%) were clinically and radiographically successful. The mean preoperative Harris hip score was 37 points, which improved to a mean of 91 points at the last followup. All cavitary defects had complete radiographic incorporation of the bone grafts except for two lesions. The results of this study indicate that morselized bone graft incorporates into cementless acetabular revisions. This treatment method provided a stable reconstruction in 98% of patients at a mean of 7 years followup. 相似文献
13.
van Essen HW Holzmann PJ Blankenstein MA Lips P Bravenboer N 《Calcified tissue international》2007,81(3):183-190
Increased osteocyte apoptosis, as the result of estrogen deficiency, could play a role in the decrease of bone mass and bone
strength seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. We investigated whether treatment with raloxifene of postmenopausal women with
osteoporosis affects osteocyte apoptosis. Transiliac bone biopsies were obtained from 26 osteoporotic women at baseline and
after 2 years of treatment with placebo or raloxifene. Immunohistochemical detection of cleaved caspase-3 was performed on
sections from nondecalcified bone biopsies to visualize apoptosis. In the trabecular bone total osteocytes, positively stained
osteocytes and empty lacunae were counted and percent positive cells and percent empty lacunae determined. Statistical evaluation
was performed by Wilcoxon’s paired t-test and Spearman’s rank correlations. There was no significant difference in percentage
positive osteocytes between baseline and follow-up biopsies in both the placebo and the raloxifene groups. The percentage
empty lacunae increased significantly in the placebo group (11.20 ± 1.43 vs. 9.00 ± 2.25, P = 0.014) but not in the raloxifene group. At baseline in both groups combined, there was a negative correlation between indices
of bone remodeling and the percentage positive osteocytes (bone formation rate/bone volume r = −0.67, P = 0.001). We found no direct evidence for an effect of raloxifene treatment on osteocyte apoptosis, but small effects of
raloxifene treatment cannot be excluded. The percent of apoptotic osteocytes was dependent on the level of bone remodeling
in an individual. 相似文献
14.
ZhenQi Fan ShuCai Bai Qian Xu ZhiJun Li WenHao Cui Hui Li XiaoHui Li HuaFeng Zhang 《Orthopaedic Surgery》2021,13(7):2145
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Glucocorticoids (GCs) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis on necrosis of the femoral head in patients and rats.MethodsEight patients with steroid‐induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SINFH) and eight patients with developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH) were enrolled in our study. In animal model, twenty male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (SINFH group and NS group). The SINFH model group received the methylprednisolone (MPS) injection, while control group was injected with normal saline (NS). MRI was used to confirm SINFH rat model was established successfully. Then, the rats were sacrificed 4 weeks later and femoral head samples were harvested. Histopathological staining was preformed to evaluate osteonecrosis. TUNEL staining was performed with 8‐OHdG and DAPI immunofluorescence staining to evaluate oxidative injury and osteocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 protein expression.ResultsMRI showed signs of typical osteonecrosis of femoral head in SIHFH patients. Histopathological staining showed that the rate of empty lacunae in SINFH patients was significantly higher (56.88% ± 9.72% vs 19.92% ± 4.18%, T = −11.04, P < 0.001) than that in DDH patients. The immunofluorescence staining indicated that the TUNEL‐positive cell and 8‐OHdG‐positve cell in SINFH patients were significantly higher (49.32% ± 12.95% vs 8.00% ± 2.11%, T = −7.04, P = 0.002, 54.6% ± 23.8% vs 9.75% ± 3.31%, T = −4.17, P = 0.003) compared to the DDH patients. The immunohistochemistry staining showed that the protein expression of NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4 in SINFH patients were significantly increased (64.50% ± 7.57% vs 37.58% ± 9.23%, T = −3.88, P = 0.018, 90.84% ± 2.93% vs 49.56% ± 16.47%, T = −5.46, P = 0.001, 85.46% ± 9.3% vs 40.69% ± 6.77%, T = −8.03, P = 0.001) compared to the DDH patients. In animal model, MRI showed signs of edema of femoral head in MPS group, which represents SINFH rat model was established successfully. Histological evaluation showed the rate of empty lacunae in MPS group was significantly higher (25.85% ± 4.68% vs 9.35% ± 1.99%, T = −7.96, P < 0.001) than that in NS group. The immunofluorescence staining indicated that the TUNEL‐positive cell and 8‐OHdG‐positve cell (in MPS group were significantly increased (31.93% ± 1.01% vs 11.73% ± 1.16%, T = −32.26, P < 0.001, 47.59% ± 1.39% vs 22.07% ± 2.45%, T = −22.18, P < 0.001) compared to the NS group. The immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of NOX2 in MPS group was significantly increased (76.77% ± 8.34% vs 50.32% ± 10.84%, T = −4.74, P = 0.001) compare with NS group.ConclusionOur findings indicated that GC‐induced NOXs expression may be an important source of oxidative stress, which could lead to osteocyte apoptosis in the process of SINFH 相似文献
15.
目的 :探讨股骨头缺血坏死患者的股骨近端骨改变。方法 :18例股骨头缺血坏死行全髋关节置换术的患者 ,对其股骨头和股骨近端四处松质骨标本进行组织学检查 ,并用 18例骨关节炎患者作为对照组 ,所有标本采用双盲方式进行检查。结果 :股骨头缺血坏死患者小粗隆下方 4cm处存在广泛的骨坏死 ,两组之间股骨近端的骨坏死程度有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :股骨近端的骨改变可能是股骨头缺血坏死行全髋关节置换早期失败的原因之一。 相似文献
16.
Incorporation of morselized bone grafts: a study of 24 acetabular biopsy specimens 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
van der Donk S Buma P Slooff TJ Gardeniers JW Schreurs BW 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》2002,(396):131-141
Animal studies have shown almost complete incorporation of impacted morselized bone grafts. To determine whether this also is true in humans, 24 acetabular bone biopsy specimens from 21 hips of 20 patients were examined. Biopsy specimens were obtained 3 months to 15 years after acetabular reconstruction in primary and revision total hip arthroplasties in combination with a cemented cup. Histologic examination showed rapid revascularization of the graft, directly followed by osteoclastic resorption and woven bone formation on the graft remnants. New bone also was formed on fibrin accumulations or without any scaffold in the fibrous stroma tissue that had invaded the graft. Thereafter the mixture of graft, new bone, and fibrin was remodeled completely into a new trabecular structure, with normal lamellar bone and only scarce remnants of graft material. Localized areas of nonincorporated bone graft surrounded by fibrous tissue remained, irrespective of the followup period. Large nonincorporated fragments of cartilage also were found, particularly in cases in which femoral head bone chips were produced by a bone mill. In general, impacted trabecular bone chips incorporate by a mechanism that is similar to that previously observed in animal studies. In some patients, however, areas of nonincorporated bone graft remained and long-term alterations were found, probably related to the loosening process. 相似文献
17.
Osteocyte density in woven bone 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Woven bone forms rapidly during tissue growth, following injury and in response to certain anabolic stimuli. Functional differences between woven and lamellar bone may be due, in part, to differences in osteocyte density (cells per unit tissue). Woven bone has been estimated to contain four to eight times more osteocytes than lamellar bone, although primary data to support this assertion are limited. Given recent findings implicating osteocytes as regulators of bone remodeling, bone formation and bone volume, such large differences in osteocyte density between woven and lamellar bone may have important consequences. In this study, we compared the density of osteocyte lacunae (lacunae/mm(2) tissue) in rat lamellar bone with that in woven bone formed under several different circumstances. We found that the lacunar density of lamellar cortical bone in the rat (834+/-83 cells/mm2, mean+/-SD) did not differ significantly from that of periosteal woven bone formed via intramembranous osteogenesis, either in response to mechanical loading (921+/-204 cells/mm2) or in the periosteal buttressing region of the fracture callus (1138+/-168 cells/mm2). In contrast, lacunar density of endochondrally derived woven bone in the center (gap) region of fracture callus was nearly 100% greater (1875+/-270 cells/mm2) than in lamellar cortical bone while lacunar density of primary spongiosa of the growth plate was 40% greater (1674+/-228 cells/mm2) than that in lamellar cancellous bone (1189+/-164). These findings demonstrate that lacunar density in woven bone varies depending on skeletal site and developmental history and appears to be elevated in endochondrally derived woven bone adjacent to marrow space. Given the considerable evidence supporting osteocytes as local initiators of bone remodeling, we suggest that woven bone with increased lacunar density may undergo remodeling at an accelerated rate. 相似文献
18.
Differences in Osteocyte Density and Bone Histomorphometry Between Men and Women and Between Healthy and Osteoporotic Subjects 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mullender MG Tan SD Vico L Alexandre C Klein-Nulend J 《Calcified tissue international》2005,77(5):291-296
Bone defects related to osteoporosis develop with increasing age and differ between males and females. It is currently thought
that the bone remodeling process is supervised by osteocytes in a strain-dependent manner. We have shown an altered response
of osteocytes from osteoporotic patients to mechanical loading, and osteocyte density is reduced in osteoporotic patients,
which might relate to imperfect bone remodeling, leading to lack of bone mass and strength. Hence, information on osteocyte
density will contribute to a better understanding of bone biology in males and females and to the assessment of osteoporosis.
Osteocyte density as well as conventional histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone were determined in cancellous iliac
crest bone of healthy postmenopausal women and men and of osteoporotic women and men. Osteocyte density was higher in healthy
females than in healthy males and lower in osteoporotic females than in healthy females. Bone mass was reduced in osteoporotic
patients, both male and female. In females, trabecular number was reduced, whereas in males, trabecular thickness was reduced
and eroded surface was increased. There were no correlations between the parameter groups bone architecture, bone formation,
bone resorption, and osteocyte density. These results are consistent with impaired osteoblast function in osteoporotic patients
and with a different mechanism of bone loss between men and women, in which osteocyte density might play a role. The reduced
osteocyte numbers in female osteoporotic patients might relate to imperfect bone remodeling leading to lack of bone mass and
strength.
M. G. Mullender and S. D. Tan contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
19.
Olivier Cornu Ashit Bavadekar Bernard Godts John Van Tomme Christian Delloye Xavier Banse 《Acta orthopaedica》2003,74(5):553-558
In the technique of impaction bone grafting, implant stability depends on the mechanical properties of the impacted morselized grafts. Although the procedure is usually performed with fresh-frozen femoral heads, there is still some concern about their supply and safety. Bone processing is a potential solution, but the mechanical properties of this material during and after impaction need to be determined. We used 6 osteoarthrotic femoral heads to prepare two paired batches of morselized bone. One batch was morselized and frozen. The other batch was chemically treated, morselized, freeze-dried and then gamma-irradiated. We impacted 18 samples from each batch in a contained cylinder. Freeze-dried bone grafts were tested after 30 minutes of rehydration. The changes in the compactness and stiffness of the material were monitored during the impaction. The compaction of the freeze-dried bone was faster than that of their fresh-frozen control. The maximal stiffness reached by both materials was the same (55 MPa), but the freeze-dried grafts required three to four times fewer impactions to achieve that stiffness. After 3, 10 and 50 impactions the freeze-dried bone was stiffer than the fresh-frozen bone. As it is easier to impact, the freeze-dried bone may be mechanically more efficient than the fresh-frozen bone in surgical conditions. Moreover, the processed bone meets the highest safety standards, as regards the risk of disease transmission. 相似文献
20.
Osteocyte apoptosis precedes osteoclast resorption, and may act as a critical signal to trigger bone remodeling. While osteoclast precursors are known to travel via the circulation, the specific mechanisms by which they accumulate at remodeling sites are unclear. We hypothesized that osteocyte apoptosis mediates osteoclast precursor adhesion to vascular endothelium by regulating osteocytic secretion of IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) to promote endothelial ICAM-1 expression. We found that conditioned media from TNF-α-induced apoptotic MLO-Y4 osteocytes promoted RAW264.7 osteoclast precursor adhesion onto D4T endothelial cells (P < 0.05). Blocking osteocyte apoptosis with a pan-caspase inhibitor (ZVAD-FMK) reduced osteoclast precursor adhesion to baseline levels (P < 0.001). Endothelial cells treated with apoptotic osteocyte conditioned media had elevated surface expression of ICAM-1 (P < 0.05), and blocking ICAM-1 abolished apoptosis-induced osteoclast precursor adhesion. Apoptotic osteocyte conditioned media contained more IL-6 (P < 0.05) and sIL-6R (P < 0.05) than non-apoptotic osteocyte conditioned media. When added exogenously, both IL-6 and sIL-6R were required for endothelial activation, and blocking IL-6 reduced apoptosis-induced osteoclast precursor adhesion to baseline levels (P < 0.05). Therefore, we conclude that osteocyte apoptosis can promote osteoclast precursor adhesion to endothelial cells via ICAM-1; this is likely through increased osteocytic IL-6 and sIL-6R secretion, both of which are indispensible to endothelial activation. 相似文献