射频消融迷宫术治疗心房颤动疗效观察

目的 :探讨直视下射频消融迷宫术治疗心房颤动 (房颤 )的效果。方法 :选取 136例风湿性心脏病并发房颤患者 ,在体外循环心内直视下行射频消融迷宫术 ,同时行瓣膜替换术 ;另选取 18例患者 (包括风湿性心脏病并发房颤 13例 ,先天性心脏病并发房颤 5例 )在体外循环心内直视下行单纯右心房射频消融术 ,同时行瓣膜替换及其他心内畸形矫治。结果 :无手术死亡。射频消融迷宫术组有 112例恢复了窦性心律 ,占 82 .4 %;单纯右心房射频消融术组 11例恢复了窦性心律 ,占 6 1.1%。结论 :射频消融迷宫术治疗房颤成功率高 ,方法简单 ,效果满意 ,危险性小。     

双极射频消融及迷宫术治疗风湿性心脏病合并长期持续性心房颤动

目的评价应用双极射频消融系统同时行迷宫术（MazeⅢ）治疗风湿性心脏瓣膜病合并长期持续性心房颤动（房颤）的近期疗效。方法2007年5月至2008年5月,13例风湿性心脏瓣膜病合并长期持续性房颤患者在瓣膜置换术同时行双极射频消融Mazem术。患者年龄56．5（44—65）岁,房颤持续时间5（2—11）年,左心房内径（55．1±5．9）mm。随访并评价手术疗效。结果本组无死亡等严重并发症,平均主动脉阻断时间10min,术后即刻、出院时及平均随访（9．2±3．2）个月时房颤消融成功率分别为100％、84．6％及92．3％。结论瓣膜置换术同时行双极射频消融MazeⅢ术治疗风湿性心脏瓣膜病合并长期持续性房颤安全可行,近期疗效好。     

心脏直视手术下行仿改良迷宫Ⅲ术射频消融治疗心房颤动

目的 评价心脏直视下行盐水冲洗射频消融仿改良迷宫Ⅲ手术(IRFMM)治疗心脏瓣膜病合并心房颤动(房颤)的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾分析63例心脏瓣膜病合并持续性房颤病例,其中31例行瓣膜置换同期行IRFMM手术治疗房颤(治疗组),32例行瓣膜置换而未同期行IRFMM术(对照组)的治疗结果和早期随访资料.结果 治疗组18例术后立即恢复窦性心律,3例术后使用临时起搏器,于术后5 d内恢复窦性心律,7例术后由交界区心律转为窦性心律,3例仍为房颤.术后随访2～19个月,出院时90.3%(28/31)为窦性心律,随访半年以上91.3%(21/23)维持窦性心律,随访1年以上85.7%(12/14)维持窦性心律.对照组术后仅3例短暂转复为窦性心律,出院时全转为房颤.32例随访2～19个月,未转为窦性心律者,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 使用美敦力公司Cardioblate盐水冲洗射频消融系统代替切割、冷冻施行迷宫术治疗房颤安全简便有效.     

微创迷宫术射频消融治疗风湿性心脏病心房颤动的临床研究

探讨直视下微创迷宫术射频消融左房后壁治疗风湿性心脏病心房颤动 (简称房颤 )的可行性及临床疗效。选择风湿性心瓣膜病伴房颤患者 1 6例 ,阵发性房颤 1例、持续性房颤 1 5例 ,房颤时间 1～ 1 0年 ,在瓣膜置换术中行直视下微创迷宫术射频消融左房后壁 ,即运用射频探针做围绕 4个肺静脉口的环形线性消融及连接消融环最低点与二尖瓣环的直线消融 ,输出功率 30～ 40W ,每次放电时间 45～ 60s ;同时应用胺碘酮辅助治疗 ;随访 6～ 1 2个月。结果显示 :1例手术失败 ,术后早期房颤复发 ;2例出院后房颤复发 ;1 5例持续性房颤患者中有 1 2例能够维持窦性心律 ,成功率 80 %。结论 :微创迷宫术射频消融左房后壁治疗风湿性心脏病房颤有较高的疗效 ,且方法简单 ,并发症少 ;同时应用胺碘酮能逆转心房电重构 ,减少房颤复发     

持续性与阵发性心房颤动导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离的抗凝治疗

目的探讨持续性心房颤动(简称房颤)患者导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离前后的抗凝治疗。方法2004年7月到2006年1月连续收治行射频消融治疗的持续性房颤64例,导管射频消融前需华法林抗凝治疗的阵发性房颤患者84例。所有患者术前华法林抗凝治疗使国际标准比率2.0~3.0维持至少3周。术中完成房间隔穿刺后,静脉给予肝素5000~8000U或75~100U/kg,以后每小时追加1000U或12U/kg。术后华法林抗凝治疗至少3个月。结果持续性房颤患者中1例术中心腔内超声发现消融时消融导管顶端血栓形成,术后无血栓栓塞表现,3例术后出现血栓栓塞表现,血栓栓塞发生率4.7%。阵发性房颤患者中未见血栓形成和栓塞表现。两组病例血栓形成和栓塞比较有显著差异(4/64vs0/84,P=0.033)。结论持续性房颤患者行导管射频消融肺静脉电隔离术易血栓形成和栓塞,应加强术中及术后肝素抗凝治疗。     

环肺静脉前庭隔离术终止持续性心房颤动的临床预测因素

目的探讨持续性心房颤动(简称房颤)经环肺静脉前庭隔离术(CPVAI)术中终止的临床预测因素。方法 85例在三维电解剖标测系统(CARTO)指导下首次接受CPVAI治疗的持续性房颤患者。消融在房颤心律下进行,终点为肺静脉前庭电隔离。对术中房颤经消融终止及未终止者20项临床指标进行分析,确立对术中房颤经消融终止具有预测价值的指标。结果所有患者均实现消融终点。术中房颤经消融终止者28例(32.9%),其中12例直接恢复为窦性心律,16例转为房性心动过速,57例CPVAI后仍为房颤。单因素分析结果显示:房颤持续时间、既往有阵发性房颤病史、短病程(1年)持续性房颤、阵发性房颤病史+短病程持续性房颤是预测术中房颤经消融终止的指标,但经多因素分析后仅有阵发性房颤病史+短病程持续性房颤是预测术中房颤经消融终止的指标(P0.001;RR∶0.100;95%C I∶0.033~0.307)。结论由阵发性房颤进展而来的短病程持续性房颤是CPVAI术中房颤经消融终止的独立预测指标。     

慢性持续性心房颤动射频消融术后半年出现心律变化一例

患者女性,65岁,心房颤动(简称房颤)16年,症状加重1周。行肺静脉前庭电隔离,左房顶线性、二尖瓣峡部和冠状窦口内及心房内碎裂电位消融,术后仍为房颤,口服胺碘酮和厄贝沙坦等治疗,半年后因急性前间壁心肌梗死,急诊植入支架1枚,4天后心律变为窦性心动过缓、交界性心律;阵发性房性心动过速、房颤。     

心房颤动外科射频消融术后发生房性心动过速经皮穿刺消融治疗一例

患者男,42岁。因二尖瓣脱垂伴二尖瓣、三尖瓣关闭不全、持续性心房颤动(简称房颤)行外科二、三尖瓣成形术及房颤射频消融术。术后发生持续性房性心动过速(简称房速),伴阵发性房颤。再次入院行经皮穿刺心内电生理检查发现左上肺静脉电位延迟,其余肺静脉电位均未延迟或消失,并根据三维电解剖激动标测结果消融中止房速,再次隔离肺静脉。结论:尽管外科房颤射频消融相对直观,但获得完全性永久的线性损伤亦非易事。     

内外科杂交消融可能是治疗持续性心房颤动的较好选择

对于持续性心房颤动(AF),目前尚没有统一的消融策略。导管室的内科消融不管采取何种策略,消融成功率低。Cox外科迷宫手术治疗持续性AF成功率达95%,但创伤大,医患均难以接受。微创迷宫手术为外科消融治疗持续性AF提供了可接受的途径和机会。内外科消融可互相补充,克服各自的优缺点。内外科杂交消融有两种模式,一种是同时进行;另一种为先后进行,可根据病情采用不同的模式。内外科杂交消融可能是治疗持续性AF的较好选择。     

导管迷宫射频消融治疗心房颤动的研究

为探索导管迷宫射频电消融（MPRFCA）治疗心房颤动（房颤）的方法，随机选择7条犬，正中线开胸后在右心房外膜上放置5％氯化乙酰胆碱小棉球，1min后用无齿镊轻夹心房诱发持续性房颤（持续时间＞20min），所有犬MPRFCA术前房颤平均持续1516±509s。参考外科迷宫术设计MPRFCA靶图，在双侧心房的5个部位用射频能量（30W，持续30s）产生彼此分离的5条线性透壁性损伤，每条犬完成MPRFCA分割后重复用乙酰胆碱诱发房颤，其持续时间明显缩短（平均324±209s），与术前比较差异有极显著意义。提示MPRFCA术可明显缩短房颤的持续时间，消除持续性房颤的发生。     

Catheter ablation is preferred over surgery for persistent atrial fibrillation

There are important limitations that can hinder outcomes of surgical ablation in nonparoxysmal patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), which is the typical AF population undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery for valve or ischemic heart disease. Incomplete lesions with recovered conduction or gaps as well as arrhythmias originating from areas not targeted by surgical ablation are commonly seen at the time of recurrence. Therefore, while it might be reasonable to perform AF surgery in this cohort, it is important to know these limitations and establish adequate postoperative rhythm monitoring to detect recurrences, which can be effectively addressed by catheter ablation.     

Outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation for persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation

ObjectiveTo assess one-year outcomes in patients with persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) treated by catheter ablation.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted of consecutive patients referred for catheter ablation of persistent or long-standing persistent AF between May 2016 and October 2018. Patients underwent two different ablation strategies: pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) plus complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) (from May 2016 to June 2017) or a tailored approach (from July 2017 to October 2018). The overall recurrence rate at one year was analyzed. The secondary endpoint was arrhythmia recurrence according to the type of AF (persistent vs. long-standing persistent AF) and according to the ablation strategy employed.ResultsDuring the study period, 67 patients were included (40% with long-standing persistent AF). During a mean follow-up of 16±6 months, 27% of the patients had arrhythmia recurrence. Patients with long-standing persistent AF had a higher recurrence rate than those with persistent AF (44.4% vs. 15%, p=0.006), while patients who underwent a tailored approach presented better outcomes than those undergoing PVI plus CFAE ablation (17.5% vs. 40.7%, p=0.024). Ablation strategy (HR 6.457 [1.399-29.811], p=0.017), time in continuous AF (HR 1.191 [1.043-1.259], p=0.010) and left atrial volume index (HR 1.160 [1.054-1.276], p=0.002) were independent predictors of arrhythmia recurrence.ConclusionCatheter ablation is an effective treatment for patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF. Patients with persistent AF and those undergoing a tailored approach presented lower arrhythmia recurrence.     

分步消融治疗长期持续性心房颤动的评价

心房颤动(房颤)是临床上常见的快速型心律失常,目前导管消融正逐渐成为房颤治疗的主要手段之一[1].随着人们对房颤机制研究的不断深入,导管消融的策略逐步完善,适应证范围逐渐扩大,尤其在非阵发性房颤中取得了一定的效果[2],为未来的房颤消融治疗提供了更多理论及实践证据.     

分步消融治疗长期持续性心房颤动的评价

心房颤动(房颤)是临床上常见的快速型心律失常,目前导管消融正逐渐成为房颤治疗的主要手段之一[1].随着人们对房颤机制研究的不断深入,导管消融的策略逐步完善,适应证范围逐渐扩大,尤其在非阵发性房颤中取得了一定的效果[2],为未来的房颤消融治疗提供了更多理论及实践证据.     

分步消融治疗长期持续性心房颤动的评价

心房颤动(房颤)是临床上常见的快速型心律失常,目前导管消融正逐渐成为房颤治疗的主要手段之一[1].随着人们对房颤机制研究的不断深入,导管消融的策略逐步完善,适应证范围逐渐扩大,尤其在非阵发性房颤中取得了一定的效果[2],为未来的房颤消融治疗提供了更多理论及实践证据.     

长期持续性心房颤动导管消融策略的临床研究

目的：比较导管消融治疗长期持续性心房颤动（房颤）不同消融策略的临床疗效。方法2009年5月至2011年3月,入选240例于上海市胸科医院房颤诊治中心接受三维标测系统（ Carto）指导下的导管消融治疗的长期持续性房颤患者,男138例,女102例。随机分为3组,A组：80例患者行环肺静脉前庭电隔离（ CPVA）及心房碎裂电位（ CFAE）消融,B组：80例患者行CPVA＋CFAE＋左心房线性消融,C组：80例患者行CPVA＋CFAE＋左心房线性消融＋三尖瓣峡部线性消融,消融后未能转复窦性心律患者均行直流电复律。消融术后随访心电图和24 h动态心电图评价疗效,比较3组的安全性及临床效果。结果所有患者均顺利完成导管消融术,平均随访（36±7）个月,单次消融后成功率 A 组37．5%、B组52．5%、C组55．0%,多次消融后成功率A组60．0%、B组75．0%、C组76．3%（ P〈0．05）。各组间并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论对于长期持续性房颤患者,在CPVA＋CFAE的基础上行左心房线性消融有助于提高成功率,而三尖瓣峡部线性消融效果不确切。     

Renal function after repeat catheter ablation for long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation

Background

Renal impairment and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist. Catheter ablation is an effective way to reduce the burden of AF and improve symptoms; however, little is known about the relationship between renal function and AF and its role in the progression of AF for patients undergoing repeat catheter ablation.

Methods

In all, 171 patients with long-standing persistent AF ablation were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their delta estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values, which was defined as the eGFR before the repeat procedure minus the eGFR before the initial procedure. Patients with decreasing eGFR (delta eGFR <?0) were categorized as group I, while individuals with no change or increasing eGFR (delta eGFR≥?0) were categorized as group II. eGFR was estimated at baseline and at the 12-month and 24-month follow-up visits.

Results

After a mean follow-up of 31.4?±?13.2 months, group I had a significantly higher arrhythmia recurrence rate than group II (71.2 vs. 49.2?%, p?<?0.001). On multivariable analyses, eGFR changes after the repeat procedure were associated with arrhythmia recurrence, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score. Patients with arrhythmia recurrence and those with a CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of ≥?3 were more likely to show an eGFR decline at follow-up.

Conclusion

Patients with long-standing persistent AF, with a failed initial ablation procedure and undergoing a repeat ablation procedure, appear to have a higher risk of arrhythmia recurrence. During the follow-up period, patients without arrhythmia recurrence and those with a CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of <?3 show improved renal function.

     

递进式消融法治疗持续性心房颤动的初步体会

Objective To evaluate the effect of catheter ablation on persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) using step-wise approach. Methods Thirty-four patients [mean age (54.8 ± 11.4) years] with persistent AF [mean (36.5 ± 9.8) months] underwent catheter ablation were enrolled. Ablation was performed in following sequence. Circumferential ablation of pulmonary veins to achieve isolation, linear ablation of left atrium roof and mitral isthmus, ablation at sites possessing complex fractionated atrial electrograms. Using activation Carto mapping system, if AF converted to atrial flutter (AFL) or atrial tachycardia (AT), then catheter ablation was applied to terminate tachycardia. Results The step-wise ablation approach was successful in rhythm changes (AF converted to AFL/AT) in 88.2% of patients, 61.8% of patients conversion to sinus rhythm directly via ablation. At 12.6 ±6.2 months of follow-up, 82.4% of patients were maintained in sinus rhythm (42.9% of those patients taking oral amiedarone). Conclusion Catheter ablation using step-wise approach is effective in persistent AF treatment.     

递进式消融法治疗持续性心房颤动的初步体会

Objective To evaluate the effect of catheter ablation on persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) using step-wise approach. Methods Thirty-four patients [mean age (54.8 ± 11.4) years] with persistent AF [mean (36.5 ± 9.8) months] underwent catheter ablation were enrolled. Ablation was performed in following sequence. Circumferential ablation of pulmonary veins to achieve isolation, linear ablation of left atrium roof and mitral isthmus, ablation at sites possessing complex fractionated atrial electrograms. Using activation Carto mapping system, if AF converted to atrial flutter (AFL) or atrial tachycardia (AT), then catheter ablation was applied to terminate tachycardia. Results The step-wise ablation approach was successful in rhythm changes (AF converted to AFL/AT) in 88.2% of patients, 61.8% of patients conversion to sinus rhythm directly via ablation. At 12.6 ±6.2 months of follow-up, 82.4% of patients were maintained in sinus rhythm (42.9% of those patients taking oral amiedarone). Conclusion Catheter ablation using step-wise approach is effective in persistent AF treatment.