输血后丙型肝炎病毒感染的前瞻性研究

对６４例受血者进行了半年前瞻性调查，发生输血后丙型肝炎（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）８例，亚临床（ＰＴ－ＨＣ）１例，丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）隐性感染３例，ＨＣＶ总感染率为１８７５％，丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）首次异常时间为输血后２８～９１（５１９±２０９）天；抗－ＨＣＶ首次阳转为输血后２３～７６（４２４±１５９）天。发生巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染２例，病原待定的非乙、非丙ＡＬＴ异常者５例。     

从基因分型看血液透析及肾移植患者丙型肝炎病毒感染状况

采用国产和美国Ｏｒｔｈｏ公司第２代抗丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）试剂对１００例维持性血透及肾移植患者进行血清丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗－ＨＣＶ）对比检测。阳性标本用聚合酶键反应（ＰＣＲ）法检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ并采用型特异的ＨＣＶ亚基因探针对其非结构蛋白ＮＳＳ区扩增产物进行了杂交基因分型。结果表明，这组病人中抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为４１％，肾移植术后再透析者达５６．５２％，且与透析时间、输血次数、受血量成正相关；国产抗－ＨＣＶ试剂同美国Ｏｒｔｈｏ公司试剂比较阳性符合率达９１．４３％；抗－ＨＣＶ阳性患者中有３１．４３％（１１／３２）血清ＨＣＶＲＮＡＮＳ５阳性；透析患者中，ＨＣＶ基因型各型均有，以混合型为主，占６３．６４％。     

聚合酶链反应鉴定丙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的状态及其意义

采用多种方法，动态检测了１１例丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染的孕妇所生的婴儿血抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ。发现用合成肽酶联免疫吸附试验（ｓｐＥＬＩＳＡ）检测婴儿抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率（２３．５２％）显著低于第二代重组抗原ＥＬＩＳＡ（２ｎｄＥＬＩＳＡ）（４１．１８％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）；用２ｎｄＥＬＩＳＡ检测，６例婴儿脐血和静脉血抗－ＨＣＶ阳性，５例持续１～５月阴转，１例阳性持续１３个月。经重组免疫印迹试验（ＲＩＢＡ）鉴定，４例阳性，２例可疑阳性。用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ，５例阳性，３例于生后１～６个月自然阴转，２例持续阳性分别达９个月和１３个月。提示检测抗－ＨＣＶ判断ＨＣＶ母婴传播的状态受到婴儿抗－ＨＣＶ产生水平低下、母体抗－ＨＣＶ的被动输入和不同检测方法的影响，用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ是判断母婴传播更可靠的指标。     

铜陵地区献血员等人群中庚型肝炎病毒感染状况的初步调查

为调查铜陵地区献血员等人群中瘐型肝炎病毒的感染状况,采用ＰＣＲ技术检测了献血员,慢性丙型肝炎及非甲～戊型肝炎患者的血清ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果表明;献血员、慢性丙型肝炎及非甲～戊型肝炎患者血清ＨＧＶ ＲＮＡ的阳性率分别为６．４７％（１３／２０１）、２１．４３％（９／４２）及８．３３％（１／１２）。铜陵地区存在较为严重的ＨＧＶ感染;献血员中ＨＧＶ感染率高于ＨＣＶ,所以,加强献血员ＨＧＶ筛选意义重大。     

乙型肝炎基因工程疫苗阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的研究

用转基因细胞（ＣＨＯ－Ｃ２８）分泌的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原基因工程疫苗免疫母亲ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性的新生儿５０例，观察其阻断乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的效果，随访１２个月，在３６例母亲为ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ均阳性的婴儿中仅１例为ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性，其余婴儿均有保护性抗体，预防保护率为９６．２％。１４例母亲单独ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性的所有婴儿抗ＨＢｓ均阳转，保护率达１００％。抗ＨＢｓ阳性的婴儿均具有较高抗体水平，抗ＨＢｓＧＭＴ为１１．１５６×１０５～１３．１３４×１０５ｍＩＵ／Ｌ。说明ＣＨＯ乙型肝炎基因工程疫苗具有较好的免疫原性和近期保护效果。     

散发性丙型肝炎患者病毒学和临床特点

调查了１６例散发性丙型肝炎（ＳＨＣ）患者丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染原因：３例为外科医生；３例的配偶为慢性输血后丙型肝炎（ＰＴＨＣ）患者；５例有拔牙、注射或接种史；５例感染途径不明。ＳＨＣ患者的病毒血症水平明显低于ＰＴＨＣ患者（血清稀释倍数前者为１０～１００倍；后者为１００～１００００倍，Ｐ＜０．０１）。仅１例ＳＨＣ患者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性。与ＰＴＨＣ患者相比，ＳＨＣ患者肝脏损害程度较轻，转氨酶水平较低，且多无自觉症状。     

52 例病毒性肝炎患者肝组织中丙型肝炎病毒 RNA 和 HCAg-NS3 的测定

应用地高辛标记探针原位杂交法和单克隆抗ＨＣＶ－ＮＳ３－ＨＲＰ建立直接酶标免疫组化法分别测定５２例肝炎患者肝组织ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＣＡｇ－ＮＳ３。结果抗ＨＣＶ阳性组ＨＣＶＲＮＡ检出率５７．１％（１６／２８），ＨＣＡｇ－ＮＳ３检出率５３．６％（１５／２８）；抗ＨＣＶ阴性组其两项检出率均为１２．５％（３／２４）。肝组织中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性物呈蓝紫色细小颗粒存在于肝细胞核或胞浆内，其在肝小叶中的分布可分为３型，即弥漫型、局灶型、散在型。肝组织中ＨＣＡｇ－ＮＳ３阳性物呈棕黄色细小颗粒分布于肝细胞核或胞浆内，以单个或数个阳性细胞散布于肝小叶中。２３例ＨＣＶＲＮＡ或／和ＨＣＡｇ－ＮＳ３阳性病例以肝炎后肝硬化（ＬＣ）病例占多数（１４／２３），其次为慢性重型肝炎（ＣＳＨ）和中度慢性肝炎（ＣＡＨ）。此两种检测方法具有较高符合率（９０．４％，４７／５２），表明病毒核酸及其表达产物均存在于肝细胞内，与ＨＣＶ感染密切相关。这为ＨＣＶ感染诊断提供了直接依据，有利于研究ＨＣＶ感染中病毒复制、慢性化进程、抗病毒治疗监测及重叠感染时病毒相互关系。     

肝病患者中丙型肝炎病毒感染状况分析

为了解本地区丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染状况，用套式反转录聚合酶链反应及酶联免疫法测定肝炎病毒标志，分析ＨＣＶ感染情况。结果：有受血史者中，急性丙型肝炎发生率为６０．５３％，高于急性乙型肝炎的１０．５３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。无受血史者中，急性肝炎以甲、乙型肝炎为主（４１．６７％、３０．５６％），高于丙型肝炎的４．１７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。有受血史者的急、慢性丙型肝炎发生率及无症状ＨＣＶ感染率分别为６０．５３％，２０．３４％及２９．１７％，高于无受血史者的４．２％，８．７４％和３．３３（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．０５）。无论有无受血史，慢性肝炎、重症肝炎、肝硬化、肝细胞肝癌及无症状感染者均以乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染为主，ＨＢＶ感染高于ＨＣＶ感染（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：输注血制品是造成丙型肝炎病毒感染的主要途径。本地区重症肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化及肝细胞肝癌主要由ＨＢＶ所致     

肝细胞肝癌中丙型肝炎病毒C区、E区、NS3区、NS4区抗原的表达

本文报道研究丙型肝炎病毒抗原在肝细胞肝癌组织内的定位分布情况。以丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）的Ｃ、Ｅ、ＮＳ３、ＮＳ４区四种单克隆抗体用免疫组化方法检测了１３９例肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）的肝脏标本，结果总的阳性率为１５．１％。２１例阳性标本中，Ｃ区单抗检测阳性占８０．９％（１７／２１），Ｅ区占３３．３％（７／２１），ＮＳ３、ＮＳ４区均占５７．１％（１２／２１），表明应用多区段单抗有助于提高ＨＣＶ抗原的检出率。阳性物质主要存在于胞浆中，呈细、粗颗粒及块状，３例出现膜及膜下型，１例核内有阳性反应。ＨＣＶ感染与ＨＣＣ的发生发展有一定的关系。     

成都地区孕妇和新生儿TORCH感染的检测与分析

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测孕妇血清及新生儿脐血ＴＯＲＣＨ特异性ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ抗体，同时采用ＰＣＲ检测ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性孕妇的羊水及产后乳汁ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ，以了解孕妇及新生儿ＴＯＲＣＨ感染情况。结果显示ＴＯ、ＲＶ、ＣＭＶ、ＨＳＶ－１和ＨＳＶ－２检出率分别为４１．４８％、８９．３６％、９５．７４％、３９．３６％和２２．３４％，其活动性感染分别为４．２５％、３．１９％、２４．４６％、１１．７０％和５．３１％。新生儿脐血检出率为３８．２０％、８３．１４％、９３．２５％、３３．７０％和２１．３４％，宫内感染率分别为１．１２％、１．１２％、６．７４％、２．２４％和０。ＣＭＶ感染较为普遍，血清ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性孕妇羊水ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率为４５．４６％，远高于脐血ＩｇＭ，ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性者胎儿、新生儿异常率较高。两种或两种以上因素感染胎儿更易受损     

乙肝病毒基因型及病毒变异对慢性肝病进展的影响

目的进一步研究HBV基因型及病毒变异与慢性肝病进展的关系。方法用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）以及部分PCR产物测序的方法对401例慢性HBV感染者，包括112例HCC患者（HCC组）。129例无症状携带者（ASC组），70例肝硬化患者（LC组）和90例慢性肝炎患者（CH组）进行HBV基因分型以及BCP和PC变异检测。结果401例慢性HBV感染者中181例发生B基因型感染，220例发生C型感染。HCC组中C型分布高于其他3个疾病组；C基因型感染者BCP变异多于B基因型；B基因型感染者PC变异多于C基因型：同时BCP变异发生率随着病程进展而递增：在ASC组、CH组、LC组和HCC组里的BCP变异阳性率分别为22．4％、35．0％、50．0％、74．1％。C1与C2亚型相比，C1有较高BCP变异阳性率，而C2有较高PC变异发生率。结论BCP变异与肝病进程存在依从关系，因此BCP变异的检测对慢性HBV感染的疾病进展和临床结局的评估有重要意义。     

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and the influence of HCV subtype 1b on the progression of chronic hepatitis C in Korea: a single center experience

Background/Aims

There is some controversy regarding whether or not hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtype 1b is more influential than non-1b subtypes on the progression of chronic hepatitis (CH) C to liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 823 patients with chronic HCV infection, including 443 CH patients, 264 LC patients, and 116 HCC patients, who were HCV RNA positive and HBsAg negative. These patients had not received any prior treatment with either interferon alone or a combination of interferon and ribavirin.

Results

HCV subtypes 1b (51.6%) and 2a/2c (39.5%) were the two most common genotypes. The proportions of genotypes 2 (2a/2c, 2b, and 2) and 3 were 45.8% and 1.1%, respectively. One case of genotype 4 was found. HCV subtype 1b (47.3%) was less common than the non-1b subtypes (52.7%) in non-LC patients, but its proportion (56.9%) was higher than that of non-1b subtypes (43.1%) in LC patients (P=0.006). The proportions of patients with HCV subtype 1b did not differ significantly between the LC (55.3%) and HCC (60.3%) groups. Older age, male gender, and the relative progression of liver damage (non-LC vs. compensated LC vs. decompensated LC) were significant risk factors for HCC, with odds ratios of 1.081 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.056-1.106), 5.749 (95% CI, 3.329-9.930), and 2.895 (95% CI, 2.183-3.840), respectively. HCV subtype 1b was not a significant risk factor for HCC (odds ratio, 1.423; 95% CI, 0.895-2.262).

Conclusions

HCV subtypes 1b and 2a/2c were the two most common HCV genotypes. HCV subtype 1b seemed to be more influential than non-1b subtypes on the progression of CH to LC, but not on the development of HCC from LC.     

Antiviral treatment to prevent chronic hepatitis B or C-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Antiviral treatment is the only option to prevent or defer the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). The approved medication for the treatment of chronic HBV infection is interferon-α (IFNα) and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), including lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, telbivudine, entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. IFNα is the most suitable for young patients with less advanced liver diseases and those infected with HBV genotype A. IFNα treatment significantly decreases the overall incidence of HBV-related HCC in sustained responders. However, side effects may limit its long-term clinical application. Orally administered NAs are typically implemented for patients with more advanced liver diseases. NA treatment significantly reduces disease progression of cirrhosis and therefore HCC incidence, especially in HBV e antigen-positive patients. NA-resistance due to the mutations in HBV polymerase is a major limiting factor. Of the NA resistance-associated mutants, A181T mutant significantly increases the risk of HCC development during the subsequent course of NA therapy. It is important to initiate treatment with NAs that have a high genetic barrier to resistance, to counsel patients on medication adherence and to monitor virological breakthroughs. The recommended treatment for patients with chronic HCV infection is peg-IFN plus ribavirin that can decrease the occurrence of HCC in those who achieve a sustained virological response and have not yet progressed to cirrhosis. IFN-based treatment is reserved for patients with decompensated cirrhosis who are under evaluation of liver transplantation to reduce post-transplant recurrence of HCV. More effective therapeutic options such as direct acting antiviral agents will hopefully increase the response rate in difficult-to-treat patients with HCV genotype 1. However, the risk of HCC remains in cirrhotic patients (both chronic HBV and HCV infection) if treatment is initiated after cirrhosis is established. Future research should focus on investigating new agents, especially for those patients with hepatic decompensation or post-transplantation.     

Hepatitis B virus genotype C prevails among chronic carriers of the virus in Korea

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major causative agents of chronic liver diseases in Korea. HBV has been classified into 8 genotypes by a divergence of >8% in the entire genomic sequence, and have distinct geographic distributions. There are limited data on the relevance between HBV genotypes and clinical outcomes in Korea. To investigate the clinical feature relating to HBV genotype in Korea, a total 120 serum samples with HBsAg (65 from Seoul and 55 from the other city in Korea) were obtained from each 30 chronic HBV carriers with asymptomatic carrier (ASC), chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV genotype was determined by either enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using monoclonal antibodies against genotype-specific epitopes in the preS2-region or the direct sequencing of small S gene. HBV genotypes were determined in 105 (87.5%) of 120 samples. HBV genotype C was identified in all HBV carriers with ASC, CH, LC, and HCC. Genotypes A, B, D, E, F and G were not detected in any of them. Genotype C HBV prevails predominantly among chronic carriers of the virus in Korea, irrespective of their clinical stages of liver disease and geographic origin.     

贵州乙型肝炎病毒基因型分布及意义分析

目的调查贵州乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型分布。方法选择贵阳、遵义、凯里、都匀慢性HBV感染者693例，其中无症状携带者（ASC）292例，慢性肝炎（CH）276例，肝硬化（LC）76例，肝细胞肝癌（HCC）49例。用S基因限制性片段长度多态性确定基因型，比较主要基因型的地区分布及其与临床的关系。结果693例中，B基因449例（64．79％），C型233例（33．62％），A型6例（0．87％）。D型5例（0．72％），未发现E、F基因型。B型的分布：凯里最高（96．40％），遵义、都匀其次（78．79％、76．19％），贵阳最低（53．66％）。C型的分布，贵阳（45．68％）高于都匀（23．80％）、遵义（13．13％）及凯里（3．96％），差异有统计学意义（P≤0．01）。与B型相比，C型感染者平均年龄大；ALT水平高；HBeAg阳性率低（P≤0．01）。除ASC组外，B、C2种基因型在CH、LC和HCC中的分布差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）。结论贵州存在A、B、C、D4种HBV基因型，但以B型为主，C型其次，A型、D型仅占很小比例。B、C基因型在贵州不同地区的分布有一定差异。与B型相比，C型感染者肝脏损害的程度较重。     

Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B, C, D and E viruses among children in Moscow, Russia.

BACKGROUND: It is known that the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections vary according to geographical areas. However, in Russia, an adequate level of information on the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis viruses has not been available so far. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characterization of various hepatitis viruses in Russia, we conducted molecular-based epidemiological survey of hepatitis viruses including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) among children in Moscow, Russia. STUDY DESIGN: The study population of 374 subjects (ranging in age from 1 to 14 years old) consisted of 195 patients with liver diseases and 179 patients without liver diseases. Viral DNA/RNA was determined by nested PCR. Genotyping of HBV and HCV were examined by PCR using type-specific primers. Anti-HEV antibody was assayed by ELISA. RESULTS: The infection rate of each virus among patients with liver diseases including acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis was 65.6% for HBV and 15.9% for HCV. In contrast, among non-liver disease patients, the infection rates were 14.4% for HBV and 0.6% for HCV, respectively. The most common viral genotypes were type D (85%) of HBV and type 1b (79.3%) of HCV. HDV RNA was detected in 7 of 149 (4.7%) HBV DNA-positive children tested. Moreover, testing for HEV among 341 subjects resulted in the detection of anti-HEV IgG in 62 cases (18.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that HBV infection is widespread in Moscow and have led to a high incidence of acute and chronic liver diseases among children in this region.     

肝细胞肝癌和肝硬化组织中丙型肝炎病毒各区段抗 …

目的 研究丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）在肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）和肝硬化（ＬＣ）中所起的作用。结合乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）进行分析，并初步探讨了ＨＣＶ与ＨＢＶ感染是否有相互促进作用。方法 采用ＨＣＶ－Ｃ，Ｅ，ＮＳ３，ＮＳ４区单克隆抗体，ＨＢｓＡｇ多克隆抗体用免疫组化方法检测了５９例ＨＣＣ及３５例ＬＣ组织标本。结果 ＨＣＶ阳性反应主要分布在肝细胞及癌细胞的胞浆内，呈细颗粒状。ＨＣＣ中，ＨＣＶ感染率；北京（２９例     

慢性肝炎和肝癌病人血清中乙型肝炎病毒DNA的检测

为了了解慢性肝炎和肝癌病人患者体内乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）复制与ＨＢＶ血清标志之间的关系，用酶联免疫吸附实验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）、聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）及斑点杂交方法对６１例慢性肝炎和４７例肝癌患者的ＨＢＶ表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）、相关ｅ抗原（ＨＢｅＡｇ）、表面抗体（抗－ＨＢｓ）、核心抗体（抗－ＨＢｃ）、相关ｅ抗体（抗－ＨＢｅ）进行了检测。结果表明：ＨＢＶＤＮＡ在ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、／抗－ＨＢｃ阳性的慢性肝炎和肝癌患者血清中的检出率分别为９０．５０％和５０．００％；在ＨＢｓＡｇ／抗－ＨＢｅ、抗－ＨＢｃ阳性者的检出率分别为４５．４０％和７．１４％；在ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性、ＨＢｅＡｇ阴性／抗－ＨＢｅ阴性者中的检出率分别为６０．００％和４０．００％；ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性、／抗－ＨＢｃ阳性或／抗－ＨＢｅ阳性或／抗－ＨＢｓ阳性者中的检出率分别为２０．００％和２２．２２％；在血清学指标全阴性时，慢性肝炎和肝癌患者血清中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的检出率均为０。实验提示：无论是肝炎或肝癌，在ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ同时阳性时，ＨＢＶ复制最为活跃；在单独ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性时，ＨＢＶ有一定程度的复制；ＨＢＶ复制在肝癌细胞中受到一定程度的抑制。     

乙型肝炎病毒基因分型及临床应用研究

目的了解常州地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型分布特征,探讨其基因型与肝功能损伤、病毒复制水平及对拉米夫定疗效的关系. 方法采用巢式聚合酶链反应 (nest-PCR), 扩增乙型肝炎病毒S基因区, 用末端标记方法对PCR产物标记并直接测序, 测序结果和GenBank中登录的标准基因型序列相比较. 结果对该地区146份不同HBV感染者血清HBV DNA进行了基因分型,B型51份 (34.9%),C型95份(65.1%),未发现B、C以外其他基因型;丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平分别为383.8±335.7IU和364.3±333.7 IU,(t=0.335,P>0.05)、HBV DNA含量分别为107.795±1.22和107.69±1.19拷贝/毫升(t=0.138,P>0.05)、HBeAg 阳性数分别为36/51和64/95,(χ2=0.159,P>0.05);104例慢性乙型肝炎中B型为43例、C型为61例,28例肝硬化和肝癌患者检出B型4例、C型24例,二组比较χ2=7.65,P<0.01;23例B基因型患者和45例C基因型患者接受48周以上拉米夫定治疗,48周后反跳者B型为18例,C型为14例,χ2=13.49,P<0.001.结论本地区HBV DNA基因型为B型和C型;二种基因型丙氨酸转氨酶水平、病毒复制水平和HBeAg表达水平差异均无显著性;C基因型与肝硬化和肝癌关系密切;拉米夫定对C基因型患者的疗效强于B型.     

肥大细胞在慢性肝病发生中的作用

［摘要］ 目的：探讨肥大细胞(mast cell, MC)在慢性肝病中的作用及乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是否引起慢性肝病中MC数量增加。方法：本研究包括正常组(NL)8例、慢性肝炎组(CH)30例、肝硬化组(LC)43例、肝癌组(HCC)49例。采用甲苯胺蓝染色和免疫组织化学染色观察130 例人肝组织中肥大细胞的密度和分布特征。另外，采用免疫组织化学染色定性检测各组HBsAg，HBcAg的表达。结果：各肝病组中（肝炎组、肝硬化组、肝癌组）肥大细胞密度比正常组显著增加 (P<0.05)；肝硬化组、肝癌组中MC密度均比慢性肝炎组显著增加(P<0.05)；但肝硬化组与肝癌组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。MC分布以结缔组织区域多见。本组病例中肥大细胞密度与HBV感染无关。结论：肥大细胞可能参与慢性肝病发生发展过程并发挥重要作用，但其数量增加可能与HBV感染无直接关系。